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ALEXANDER S. SALLEY, .IK. 



THE HISTORY 



OF 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY 



SOUTH CAROLINA 



FROM ITS FIRST SETTLEMENT TO THE CLOSE OF 
THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR 



BY 

A. S. SALLEY, JR. 

MEMBER 80UTHEKN HISTORY ASSOCIATION' 



ORANGEBURG, S. C. 



K. LEWIS BERRY, PRINTER O lOK' 

1898 



Col'YUiiaii'. ISU^ 
By a. S. SALLEY, 



TO 
THE MEMORY 

( ) F 

MY GRANDFATHER, 

rHK LATK 
DR. A. SS. SALLEY, 

AM) 

To the People of Orangeburg County, 

AMONG WHOM HE LIVED AL,Ij THE YEARS OF HIS LIFE, AND FOR 

WHOM HE LABORED PROFESSIONALLY FOR OVER FIFTY 

YEARS OF THAT LIFE, THIS VOLUME IS 

RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED. 



It is a remarkable fact that very many persons are 
prone to study the history of every other country, 
while totally neglecting that of their own country; 
and yet the study of local history is one of the most 
delightful of studies. 

The State of South Carolina, in historic interest, 
stands among the very first of our States; but, never- 
theless, the numerous valuable historical works on 
South Carolina have long since passed out of print be- 
cause of the lack of interest manifested in them, and 
many people in this State to-day accept as history the 
false writings of uninformed partisan writers, and, 
what is worse, permit their children to be taught these 
falsehoods as truths. 

Orangeburg County is rich in historic treasures, and 
although a few of these treasures have been collected 
and given to us in several works on South Carolina, 
they are still out of the reach of the average reader, on 
account of the scarcity of these works to-day. It is 
my purpose to present in these pages the various ex- 
tracts pertaining to Orangeburg, from several of the 
works referred to above, and. in addition, to give 
much history of Orangeburg County that has never 
before been published, including the record of mar- 
riages, births and deaths, kept by Rev. John Ulrick 
Giessendanner and his successor. Rev. John Uiessen- 
danner, from 1737 to 1761. 



(vi) 

Some may think that I have gone too much into de- 
tail, and that I have put in much that might have 
heen left out; but this work is not prepared "for the 
use of schools", but according to the approved style of 
purely local histories, and I can only add, in the words 
of Dr. Eamsay, in his History of South Carolina, that, 
"Every day that minute local histories of these states 
are deferred is an injury to posterity, for by means 
thereof more of that knowledge which ought to be 
transmitted to them^will be irrecoverably lost," 

Tn preparing this work J have fieely consulted, 
Ramsay's History of South Carolina and his History 
of the Revolution in South Carolina; three editions of 
Simms's History of South Carolina, his Geography of 
South Carolina, his South Carolina in the Revolution- 
ary War, and his novel "The Forayers"; Howe's His- 
tory of the Presbyterian Church in South Carolina; 
Dalcho's History of the Protestant Episcopal Church 
in South Carolina; Col. Henry Lee's Memoirs of the 
War in the Southern Department; Moultrie's Memoirs; 
Drayton's Memoirs; Drayton's View of South Carolina; 
Johnson's Traditions of the Revolution; O'Neall's 
Bench and Bar of South Carolina, and his Annals of 
Newberry District; Carroll's Historical Collections 
of South Carolina; B. F. Perry's Sketches; Gibbes's 
Documentary Histories; Collections of the South Car- 
olina Historical Society; Logan's History of the Up- 
per Country of South Carolina; Mills's Statistics of 
South Carolina; Industrial Resources of South Caroli- 
na (Vol. Ill); Thomas's History of the South Carolina 
Military Academy; La Borde's History of the South 
Carolina College; Tarleton Brown's Memoirs; a pamph- 
let on the P\)rmation of Judicial and Political Sub- 
Divisions in South Carolina, by J. P. Thomas, Jr.; a 
pamphlet entitled "The Names, as far as can be ascer- 



(vii) 

tained, of the Officers who served in the South Caroli- 
na Regiments on the Continental Establishment, of 
the Officers who served in the Militia, of what troops 
were upon the Continental Establishment, and what 
Militia Organizations served", by Gen. Wilmot G. De 
Saussure; the Statutes of South Carolina; the files of 
various old South Carolina newspapers in the Charles- 
ton Librar}^, dating as far back as 1732; the public 
records in the offices of Register of Mesne Conveyance 
and Judge of Probate of Charleston, dating back to 
1700; those in the office of the Secretary of State at 
Columbia, dating back to 1682; and numerous old 
deeds, grants, letters, &c. &c. 

I have, perhaps, quoted rather freely from the "His- 
tory of the German Settlements and of the Lutheran 
Church in North and South Carolina", by Rev. G. D. 
Bernheim, D. D.; but what Dr. Bernheim h^s written 
is too important to be left out of a work on Orange- 
burg. He has gone deeper into the history of one of 
the most important elements of our population, the 
German settlers, than any other of our historians; and 
if I had spent years in making researches, in the end, 
I could not have improved upon Dr. Bernheim's obser- 
vations, although I have been able to make additions 
here and there to what he has written. 

I am also under obligations, for valuable assistance, 
to Rev. A. E. Cornish, Librarian of the Episcopal Li- 
brary in Charleston; Langdon Cheves, Esq., of Charles- 
ton; Henry F. Jennings, Esq., of Columbia; Mr. W. W. 
Culler, of Orangeburg County; Mr. Yates Snowden, of 
the News and Courier; and my grandfather, Mr. C. M. 
McMichael, of Orangeburg. From my grandfather, 
the late Dr. A. S. Salley, I also received valuable infor- 
mation and suggestions. 

To my father, for his generous aid; and to all others 



(viii) 

who lent their interest and sympathy, I beg to make 
my acknowledgments. 

A. S, Salley, Jr. 
Orangeburg, S. C, 
April 1st, 1898. 



INTRODUCTION 



There have existed in South Carolina various ter- 
ritorial divisions. There have been counties, parishes, 
townships, districts or precincts, election districts and 
judicial districts. Landgrave Joseph Morton became 
governor of South Carolina in 1682, and one of the 
first measures required of him was the division of the 
inhabited portion of the province into three counties. 
(Order of Proprietors, Maj- 10, 1682.) Berkeley, em- 
bracing Charles Town, extended from Sewee on the 
North to Stono Creek on the South; beyond this to 
the northward was Craven County, and to the south- 
ward Colleton. Shortly afterw^ards Cartaret County 
was added to the number. This County included the 
country around Port Royal; later, about 1708, it was 
called Granville County. 

The territory now embraced within Orangeburg 
County formed parts of Berkeley and Colleton. That 
part of Orangeburg East of the Edisto river, with the 
exception of a narrow strip along that river southward 
from a point a few miles below the city of Orange- 
liurg, was in Berkeley County, and that part West of 
the Edisto. together with the above mentioned strip, 
was in Colleton. In 1704, an Act was passed creating 
parishes within the several counties. In Berkeley 
County six parishes were established, but none of them 
included any territory no\v embraced by Orangeburg 
Connty. In 1706 two parishes were established in 
('Olleton County, but did not likewise include an}' of 
the territory now eml^raced l)y Orangeburg County. 

In 1780, by royal authority, eleven townships were 
laid otf in square plats on the sides of rivers in South 
Carolina, each containing 20,000 acres. Thev were 



a THE HISTORY OF 

designed to encourage settlements, and the plan was 
that each township should eventually become a parish. 
When their population increased to one hundred fami- 
lies, they were to have the right to send two members 
to the General Assembly. Of these eleven townships 
two were laid off on the Santee, (or more properly on 
the Congaree, a l)ninch of the Sjintee, and the Santee), 
one on the Pon Pon, (Edisto), and one on the Savan- 
nah, opposite to the present site of .Augusta. These 
were Amelia, so called probably after the Princess 
Amelia; the township that was at first called Con- 
garee, but which was called Saxe-Gotha by Governor 
Broughton in 1736; the township that was at first 
called Edisto, but after its settlement by the Germans, 
Swiss and Dutch in 1735 was called Orangeburgh, pre- 
sumably in honor of William of Orange; and New 
Windsor. 

In 1765, the townships of Amelia and Orangeburgh 
were erected into St. Matthew's Pai-ish by the follow- 
ing Act of the General Assembly of the Province of 
South Carolina: (Statutes of S. C. Vol. IV., page 230.) 

{No. Mi.) "AN ACT for establishing a Parish in. 
Berkley County, by the name of St. Matthew, and 
for declaring the road therein mentioned to be a pub- 
lic road. 

'•WHEREAS, several inhal)itants of the said coun- 
ty, by their petition to the General Assembly, have 
represented many inconveniences which they are un- 
der for want of having a parish laid out and estab- 
lished in the said county, contiguous to and including 
Amelia township, and prayed that a law may be 
passed for that purpose: we therefore luinjbly pray his 
most sacred Majesty that it may l)e enacted. 

"1. A/t(l he if I'lKirfed. by the Honorable William 
Bull, Esq., Lieutenant (Jovernor and Commander-in- 
chief in and over the Province of Soutii Caiolina. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. . 6 

by and with the advice and consent of his Majesty's 
Council and the Commons House of Assembly of the 
said Province, and b}^ the authority of the same, That 
immediately from and after the passing of this Act, a 
parish shall be laid out and established in Berkley 
county aforesaid, in the following manner, that is to 
say, by running a line from the plantation of Gar- 
rard Nelson on Santee River, inclusive, to the place 
where the new road leading from the plantation of 
Tacitus (ialliard, Esq. to the road leading from Char- 
lestown to Orangeburgh. intersects the line that di- 
vides the parish of St. George Dorchester from St. 
James Goose Creek, and from thence to continue on 
the said line until it intersects the Four Hole Creek 
the second time, thence following the said Creek till 
it intersects the south east bounds of Oi*angeburgh 
township, and from thence along the bounds of the 
said township to the southward, and where that line 
reaches Edisto River, up the course of the said river 
until the north west boundary of the said tow^nship, 
from the River a north east course along the line of 
the township until it joins the south west bounds of 
Amelia township, and from thence a north east course 
till it reaches Beaver Creek; and that the said parish 
shall hereaftei' be called and known by the name of 
vSt. Matthew, and the inhabitants thereof shall and 
may have. use. exercise and enjoy all the rights, privi- 
leges and immunities that the inhabitants of any other 
parish do or can use. exercise or enjoy 1)y the laws of 
this Pi'ovince. 

''II. Afid he if (ilxo n/(f(i('(l hy the authority afore- 
said. That a chuich, chapel and parsonage house shall 
be built at such places within the bounds of the said 
parish, as the major part of the commissioners hei'eaf- 
ter named, shall oi'der and direct; and also, that a 
chapel shall be built at such [)lace within the bounds 



4 THE HISTORY OF 

of the said parish as the njajor part of the commis- 
sioners hereafter last named, shall order and direct. 

''III. And be it aho eHacfcfl by the authority afore- 
said, That the rector or minister of the said parish for 
the time being, shall officiate in the said church and 
chapels alternately, and shall be elected and chosen 
in the same manner as the rectors or ministers of the 
several other parishes in this Province are elected and 
chosen, and shall have yearly paid to him and his suc- 
cessors forever, the same salary as is appointed for the 
rector or minister of any other parish in this Province, 
(the parishes of St. Philip and St. Michael excepted,) 
out of the fund appropriated or to be appropriated for 
payment of the salaries of the clergy in this Province; 
and the public treasurer for the time being is hereby 
authorized and required to pay the same, under the 
like penalties and forfeitures as for not paying the 
salaries due to the other rectors or ministers of the 
several other parishes in this Province; and the said 
rector or minister of the said parish shall have and 
enjoy all and every such privileges and advantages, 
and be under such rules, laws and restrictions, as the 
rectors or ministers of the other parishes in this 
Province have and enjoy, or are subject and liable 
unto. 

•'IV. .ind he it enacted by the authority aforesaid. 
That Colonel Moses Thompson, Col. William Thomp- 
son, William Heatly, Thomas Piatt, Tacitus Galliard. 
Timothy Dargon, Robert Whitten. William Find, John 
Burdell, Christopher Coullett and John Oliver, be, and 
they are hereby appointed, commissioners or super- 
visors for the building of the church, chapel and par- 
sonage house in the said parish of St. Matthew, exclu- 
sive of that pai't of the ))arish called Orangebnrgh 
Township: and that Christian Miniii<'k. (javin Powe. 
Captain Howe. Colonel Chevillette and John Co\an. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 



or a majority of* them, bo. and the}' are hereby ap- 
pointed, commissioners or supervisors for building the 
chapel in that part of the parish called Orangeburgh 
Township; and they, or the major part of them, are 
fully authorized and im powered to purchase a glebe 
for the said parish, and to take subscriptions, and to 
receive and gathei-. collect and sue for, all such sum 
and sums of money as any pious and well disposed 
person or persons shall give and contribute for the 
purposes aforesaid: and in case of the death, absence 
or refusing to act of any of the said commissioners, 
the church wardens and vestry of the said parish of 
St. Matthew, for the tinie being, shall and may nomi- 
nate and appoint another person or persons to be 
commissioner or commissioners in the room or place 
of such so dead, absent or refusing to act, as to the 
said church wardens and vestry shall seem meet; 
which commissioner or commissioners so to be nomi- 
nated and appointed, shall have the same powers and 
authority for putting this Act into execution, to all 
intents and purposes, as the commissioners herein 
named. 

"V. A nd he if also itiacied by the authority aforesaid, 
That the inhabitants of the said parish of St. Matthew, 
qualified by law for that purpose, shall choose and 
elect two members, and no more, to represent the said 
parish in General Assembly: any law, usage or custom 
to the contrary thereof in any wise notwithstanding; 
and that writs for the electing of members to serve in 
the General Assembly for the said parish, shall be is- 
sued in the same manner and at the same times as foi- 
the several other i»arish(^s in this Province, accoi-ding 
to the directions in the Act intitled "An Act to ascer- 
tain the manner and form of electing mend)ers to rep- 
resent the inhabitants of this Province in the Com- 
mons House of Assembly, and to appoint who shall be 



6 THE HISTORY OF 

deemed and adjudged capable of choosing or being 
chosen members of the said house.' 

"VI. Am/ he if further ej/arfed by the authority afore- 
said, That the new road leading from the ferry of 
Tacitus Galliard, Escjuire, to the road leading from 
Charlestown to Orangeburgh, shall be. and it is here- 
by declared to be, a public road, and shall be worked 
upon and kept in repair by the inhabitants of each 
parish through which the said road runs, in the same 
manner as all the other public roads in this Province 
are; and that the commissioners herein before a[»- 
pointed shall also be commissioners of and for the 
said road, and all other roads in the said parish of St. 
Matthew, and shall have the same powers and authori- 
ty as any other commissioners of the high roads in 
this Province have; and in case any of the said com- 
missioners shall die or refuse to act. the remaining 
commissioners shall, from time to time, choose one or 
more commissioner or commissioners in the room of 
him or them so dying or refusing to act, and he or 
they so chosen shall have the same powers and au- 
thority as the said other commissioners. 

"IiAWLiNs Lowndes, Speaker. 
''In the CouNcIf Chfiniher. the 9fh da// of Aiir/asf. 1765. 
'^Assented to: Wm. Bull." 

By order of the King's Privy Council, Governor Mon- 
tagu published, in the South (\iro/ina (lazette of Mon- 
day, February 29th, to Monday, March 7th, 17()S, the 
following proclamation annulling the above act: 
•"South Carolina: 

•'By His Excellency the Hight Honorable, Lord 
diaries Greville Montagu, ('ai)tain (ieneral. aii<l (lov- 
ernor in Chief, in and over the said l^rovince. tkv. cVc. 

"A PROCLAMATION. 

•"Whereas tlu^ Ivi^ht Honorable the Earl of She- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY, i 

biirnp, one of his Majesty's principal Secretaries of 
State, hath transmitted to me a minute of his Majestj^ 
in his most honorable Privy council, signifying, that 
an Act of the General Assembly of this Province, en- 
titled, 'an Ad for esiablish'uui a Parish in Berkley Coun- 
ty by the Name of St. Maftlieir, and for deelariny the 
road t lie rein mentioned to Ije a pnhlir Road'' ; together 
with a Representation from the Lords Commissioners 
of Trade and Plantations thereupon, having been re- 
ferred to a committee of his Majesty's most honoura- 
ble Privy Council for Plantation Affairs; the said 
Lords of the Committee had reported as their Opinion 
to his Majesty that the said Act ought to be repealed; 
and his Majesty having taken the same into Consider- 
ation, was pleased by the Advice of his Privy Council, 
to declare his Disallowance of the said Act; And pur- 
suant to his Majesty's Royal Pleasure thereupon ex- 
pressed, the said Act was thereby Repealed, and de- 
clared Void and of none Effect: I HAVE THERE- 
FORE issued this my Proclamation, hereby notifying 
the same, and requiring all Persons whom it may con- 
cern, to take Notice and govern themselves accord- 
ingly. 

GIVEN under my hand, and the great seal of the 
said province, at CHARLES TOWn! this 29th day of 
February. Anno r)omini one thousand seven hundred 
and sixty-eight, and in the eighth year of his Majesty's 

I'^ig'^'- -C. (i. Montagu, 

"By his Excellency's conjmand, .lohii Bull. Pro. Sec. 
(lod save the KINii." 

Notwithstanding this veto theCleneral Assembly, in 
April following, re-enacted the same measure under 
the same title, with the same preamlde: fixed the 
same boundaries, made the same conditions as to 
chni'ch. chai)el and parsonage, and declared the same 



S THE HISTORY OF 

road mentioned in the former Act to he a public road. 
The only differences between the Act of 1768, which 
became permanent, and that of 1765, are to be found 
in the fourth and fifth isections of the Acts. In the 
fourth section of the Act of 1768 the following com- 
missioners or supervisors were appointed for the build- 
ing of the new church, chapel and parsonage house in 
the said parish of St. Matthew, exclusive of Orange- 
burgh Township: Benjamin Farrar, Col. William 
Thomson, William Heatly. Thomas Piatt, Tacitus (jail- 
lard, Thomas Sabb, John Bordeil, John Caldwell, Rob- 
ert Whitton, William Flood and John McNichol. For 
the building of a chapel in Orangeburgh Township the 
following commissioners were appointed: Gavin Pou. 
Captain Christopher Rowe, Samuel Rowe, William 
Young and Andrew Govan. 

The fifth section differs from the same section of the 
former Act in that it provides for only one Represen- 
tative in the Provincial Assembly instead of two, and 
further provides that the number of Representatives 
for St. James Goose Creek be reduced from four to 
three in consequence of this allowing of a Represen- 
tative for St. Matthew's Parish. The Act is dated 
April 12th, 1768, and is signed by P. Manigault. Speak- 
er, and assented to by Governor Montagu. (Stats, of 
S. C, Vol. IV., p. 298.f 

In 1768 an Act was passed dividing the Province of 
South Carolina into seven judicial (iisfi'icts or pjrcinrfs* 

*In 1767 (April 18th) the Legislature passed "An Act for gran til ij? to 
his Majesty the sum of P^igliteeii Thousand Pounds eurreiit money, to 
l)e paid for a general survey of tliis Province, and for appointing com- 
missioners to enter into a written agrt-emeiit with Tacitus Gaillard, 
Es(i. and Mr. .James Coolv, for that purpose". iStats. of 8. ('., Vol. 
IV., p. 2H2. ) Whetiier this survey was made or not tlu' records do 
uot sliow, hut .Tames Cooii did jjuhlisii in 1771, a Tiiap of South Caro- 
lina which showed the houndarics of the districts laid off hv the Act 
ofl7()S. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 9 

and authorizing the holding of Courts of General Ses- 
sions and Common Pleas therein, twice a year, to sit 
for six days, for the trial of causes criminal and civil 
arising within the same, "as nearly as may be, as the 
Justices of Assize and Nisi Prius do in Great Britain". 
The third of these districts was called the "District, or 
Precinct, of Orangeburgh", including "all places be- 
tween Savannah, Santee, Congaree and Broad Rivers, 
the said line from Nelson's Ferry to Matthew's Bluff, 
and a direct line to be run from Silver Bluff, on Savan- 
nah River, to the mouth of Rocky Creek, on Saluda 
River, and thence in the same course to Broad River". 
It w^as not, however, until 1789 that these Courts were 
given complete and equal jurisdiction with the Courts 
at Charleston, and writs and process made returnable 
to them and not to the Court at Charleston, A Clerk 
and a Sheriff was allowed to each district. It will be 
observed that this, the original District of Orange- 
burgh, contained all of the present Counties of Orange- 
burg, Barnwell, Bamberg and Lexington, (and Calhoun 
*'in futuro") and the larger part of Aiken. (All save 
the present townships of Shultz, Hammond, Gregg, 
Shaw and Ward.) It included the whole of the town- 
ships of Orangeburgh, Amelia and Saxe-Gotha, and a 
part of New Windsor. 

In March, 1778, the Township of Orangeburgh was 
erected into a parish called Orange, b}^ the following 
Act of the State Legislature: (Statutes of S. C, Vol. 
IV., pp. 40S-9.) 

{No. 1072.) "AN ACT for dividing the Township of 
Orangeburgh from the Parish of St. Matthews, into a 
separate Parish, by the name of Orange Parish, and 
for the other purposes therein mentioned. 

•'WHEREAS, the inha))itants of Orangeburgh Town- 
ship were, by an Act of the General Assembly passed 
on the twelfth day of April, in the year of our Lord one 



10 THE HISTORY OF 

thousand seven hundred and sixty eight, in<'luded in 
the Parish of St. Matthew, wherehy the said inhabi- 
tants have sustained many inconveniences, which 
still subsist; for remedy whereof, 

"I. Be it enacted by his Excellency Rawlins Lowndes, 
Esq., President and Commander-in-chief in and over 
the State of South Carolina, by the honorable the 
Legislative Council and General Assembly of the said 
State, and by the authority of the same, That the divi- 
ding line between the district of Charlestown and 
Orangeburgh shall henceforth be the dividing line be- 
tween the Township of Orangeburgh and the parishes 
of St. Matthew, St. John's Berkley county. St. James 
Goose Creek and St. George Dorchester; and from the 
said Charlestown district line the Four Hole Creek, as 
far as the line that divides Amelia Township and Or- 
angeburgh District, following the said line to the 
north-west boundary line of the said Township, shall 
be the dividing line between St. Matthew's parish and 
the township of Orangeburgh; and that the inhabi- 
tants residing on and between the said Charlestown 
district line and the north-west bounding of Amelia 
township, and on and between the said district line 
and Santee River, be hereafter deemed and known in 
law to be the inhal)itants of St. Matthew's Parish; and 
the inhabitants being and residing on and l»etween 
the said Charlestown district line, iind the north-west 
bounding line of Orangeburgh township, and between 
the Four Hole Creek and the line that divides the 
townships of Orangeburgh and A?nelia, and Pon Pon 
River, be hereafter deemed and known in law to be 
the inhabitants of Orange Parish. 

'TI. AikI he if fHiflii'r eiKirfeil by the authority afore- 
said. That the inhabitants of St. Matthew's Parish, be- 
ing qualified as by law directed, shall (dioose three 
meml)ers to represent them in Genei'al Assembly: and 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 11 

the iuhabitants of Orange Parish, qualified as afore- 
said, shall choose three members to represent them in 
the General Assembly; and that writs for the election 
of members for the General Assembly shall be issued 
in the same manner and at the same time as writs 
have been and shall be issued for the other parishes 
and distiicts in this State. 

"III. And he it further enacted by the authority afore- 
said. That Thomas Wild, John Robinson, Henry Rick- 
inbacker. James Carmichael, Jacob Woolf, Jr., Henry 
Felder, Jr., Andrew Frederick, John Claytoii and Pe- 
ter Moorer, Sr. l>e, and they are hereby appointed, 
commissioners for keeping in repair the Public Road 
from the above said north-west boundary line of 
Orangeburgh township to the place where the said 
road crosses Charlestovvn district line, and that they 
shall have the same powers and authorities as any 
other commissioners of the high roads in this State 
may or can exercise and enjoy; and in case any of the 
said commissioners shall die or refuse to act, the re- 
maining commissioners shall from time tO time choose 
one or more commissioner or comnjissioners, in the 
room of him or them so dying or refusing to act, and 
he or they so chosen, shall have the same power and 
authority as the other commissioners have; any law, 
usage or custom to the contrary notwithstanding. 

"Hugh Rutledge. Speaker of the Legislative Cotinci]. 

"Thomas Bee, Speaker of the General Asuenthly. 
"In the Couuril Chamber, the 16th day of March,' 1778. 
"A.s.set/fed to: Hawlins Lowndes." 

The Constitution of 177S provided that the whole 
State should, as soon as possible, be divided into dis- 

TIk' rotul rt'tiTred to in tlio Inst section of the above Act is the road 
now know II as tlie Bull Swamp roatl altove Oraiiiivhura', as lirougli- 
toii Stri'et ill the city <>!' Oraiiiicliiira-, ami as the olil Charleston road 
Iti'Iow Oranirehufii. 



12 THE HISTORY OF 

tricts and counties, and that County Courts should be 
established. Accordingly in 1783 (March 16th.) the 
Legislature, concluding that it was "necessary to di- 
vide this State into counties of a convenient size, in 
order to the establishment of courts of inferior juris- 
diction",* passed "An Ordinance for appointing Com- 
missioners in each of the Circuit Court Districts, for 
dividing the same into Counties". Under the Ordi- 
nance commissioners were appointed in each of the 
several districts and "empowered and directed to lay 
off and divide" their respective districts "into counties 
of a convenient size, of not more than forty miles 
square, unless where the number of inhabitants and 
situation of the lands" required some deviation: were 
required to "recommend a proper place as nearly cen- 
tral as possible in each of the said counties, for erect- 
ing court houses and goals", and were required to 
"make report thereof to the first session of the Gener- 
al Assembly", held after the last day of December fol- 
lowing. The following were the commissioners ap- 
pointed to divide Orangeburgh District: William Ar- 
thur, George Robinson, William Thomson, John Park- 
inson, George Rennarson, Charles Middleton and Uriah 
Goodwyn. They were "authorized and impovvered at 
the public expense to employ surveyors", where they 
deemed it "absolutely necessary", "to fix and ascertain 
the boundary lines of each district or county respect- 
ively". (Stats, of S. C, Vol. IV., p. 5()1.) 

Following this Ordinance, the Legislature, on March 
12th, 17S5. passed "An Act for hiyiiig off the seveial 
(V)unties therein mentioned, and api)ointiiig Commis- 
sioners to erect the Public lUiildings". The following 
clause of the Act concerns Orangeburgh District: "The 

*To be Ix'ld oiici" in every three iiiotitlis in encli of tlie counties, to 
l>e i)reside<l over by seven .Justices of (be l'e;i<-e. A ('leii\ and :i Sber- 
iH' wjis iillowi'd to eac!» countv. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY, 13 

district of Orangeburgh shall be divided into four 
counties, viz: beginning at the boundary line of 
Charleston district, in Four Hole swamp, thence along 
the main branch to the head, from thence northwest 
25° to Beaver creek, and thence along the same to the 
Congaree, thence down Santee to Neilson's ferry, 
then(;e along Charleston district line to the beginning, 
and shall be called by the name of Lew^isburgh coun- 
ty; one other county, beginning at the corner of Lew- 
isburgh county line, in the Four Hole swamp, thence 
along the said line to Beaver creek, thence southwest 
54° to the road leading from Orangeburgh to Ninety- 
Six, in the fork of Edisto river, thence south to the 
head of Little Saltketcher, thence down the said Salt- 
ketcher to the district line, thence to the beginning, 
and shall be called by the name of Orange county; 
one other county, beginning at the mouth of Beaver 
creek, thence along the line of Orange county, thence 
southwest 54° to the road leading from Orangeburgh 
to Ninety-Six, thence along the road to the district 
line, thence along the said line to Saluda river, thence 
along Union county* line to Broad river, thence 
down the same and Congaree river to the beginning, 
and be called by the name of Lexington county; one 
other county, beginning on the Little Saltketcher 
swamp, at the corner of Orange county line, thence 
along the district line to Savannah river, thence up the 
same to the district line, thence along the said line to 
the south, branch of Edisto, thence down the same to 
Tyler's ferry, thence a direct line to the Saltketchers, 
where the line of Beaufort district intersects, to 
Orange county line, thence south to the head of Little 
Saltketcher, thence down the same to the beginning, 
and shall be called Winton county". The justices of 

■••Of Niiu-tv-Six District. 



14 THE HISTORY OF 

the several counties were authorized to erect and keep 
in good repair, within each of their respective counties^ 
and at the charge of such county, "one good and con- 
venient court-house, with necessary jury rooms, and 
one good and sufficient county gaol, of such materials, 
workmanship, size and dimensions", as they should 
order and appoint, "together with a pillory, whipping 
post and stocks". The justices were empowed "to 
purchase, or receive by donation, two acres of land 
whereon to erect the said county buildings, for the 
use of such county, and for no other use whatsoever". 
A failure on the part of the justices of the county to 
have erected and kept in good and sufficient repair, "a 
court house, prison, pillory and stocks" would subject 
every justice so failing to a fine of two hundred pounds, 
to be recovered by action of debt, one half to go to 
the treasurers for the time being, for the use of the 
county, and the other half to the person who should 
inform and sue for the same in the Court of Com moo 
Pleas. The justices were given full power "to levy 
and assess an annual tax on the taxable property of 
the several inhabitants within the respective coun- 
ties, for building the court houses, prisons, pillories, 
whipping posts and stocks", and they wei'e required 
to put the public buildings in the most convenient 
part of each county. (Stats, of S. C, Vol. IV.. p. 601. 
et seq.) 

In 1790 a convention of the people of South Caroli- 
na met in Columbia to establish a constitution for the 
government of the State conformably to the princiides 
of the Constitution of the United States., 'I'he Consti- 
tution of 1790 was the work of that Convention, "'it 
constituted the organic law of the State until ISG."). It 
vested legislative authority in a Senate and a House 
of Representatives. Piepresentation in the (ieneral 
Assemblv was accorded to certain su))-divisions. wliicli 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 15 

were called 'Election Districts.' These election dis- 
tricts comprised nearly all of the old parishes and 
many of the counties which had been laid off in 1785 
for the County Court establishment. Those parts of 
the State in which County Courts had not been estab- 
lished retained for the most part their parish divisions 
for representative purposes, and in the other parts of 
the State the election districts corresponded in name 
and territory, in most instances, with the counties." 
The County of Lexington, however, was the Election 
District of Saxe-Gotha until 1852 when it was changed 
to the Election District of Lexington, and, in the 
course of time, the Election District of Win ton be- 
came known as the Election District of Barnwell. 

"When the Constitution of 1790 was adopted, it pro- 
vided that the judicial power of the State should be 
vested in such Supeiior and Inferior Courts as the 
Legislature might establish. Accordingly, in 1791, an 
Act was passed to amend the Acts regulating the Cir- 
cuit Courts in the State. This Act created two new 
Judicial Districts, namely: Pinckney and Washing- 
ton, making in all nine districts, instead of seven as 
formerly. The Districts were laid off anew." Orange- 
burgh District "included all places between the Sa- 
vannah, Santee, Congaree and Broad Rivers, the said 
line from Nelson's Ferry to Matthew's Bluff, and di- 
rect line to be run from Silver Bluff, on the Savannah 
River, to the mouth of Rocky Creek on Saluda River, 
and thence in the same courses to Broad River." It 
will be noticed that the district remained exactly the 
same as when first laid off' in 1768. 

"In 1798, an Act was passed to establish a uniform 
and more convenient system of judicature. This Act 
provided for the holding of District or Circuit Courts 
in many of the Counties of the State, and in those 
Districts of. the State wherein Countv Courts had not 



16 THE HISTORY OF 

been established, and provided for the arrangement of 
those Courts into several circuits or ridings. The 
twenty-four Districts created by this Act were known 
as Judicial Districts, in contradistinction to the Elec- 
tion Districts of the State. These Judicial Districts, 
in some instances, covered the same territoi-y as the 
Election District," In others they differed. In Orange- 
burgh they differed. In some instances, although 
the Judicial and Election Districts were identical in 
territor}^ yet they had different names. Lexington 
District, for instance, was for man}^ years represented 
in the Legislature as Saxe-Gotha. One of the Judicial 
Districts so created was Barnwell, which included 
"that part of the former District of Orangeburg as is 
included between South Edisto and Savannah Rivers". 
Orangeburgh District included all of the former Dis- 
trict save Barnwell. 

In 1804 Lexington County was cut off from Orange- 
burgh District and erected into Lexington District. 

"The next changes to be noted were made by the 
Constitution of 1865. There had always been a strug- 
gle in the State to make the Judicial and Election 
Districts the same in fact as well as in name, and, as 
has been mentioned, the names of some of the Elec- 
tion Districts were changed to correspond with the 
Judicial Districts. The Constitution of 1865 nearh 
ended the contest, for by its provisions every Judicial 
District in the State, with one exception, was made 
an Election District". (This exception was in the case 
of the District of Charleston, the provision for that 
District being that it should "consist of two Election 
Districts, one comprising the Parishes of St. Philip's 
and St. Michael's, to be known as the Election District 
of Charleston, the other comprising the remainder of 
the Judicial District, to be known as the Election Dis- 
trict of Berkclev.") "Vnder the anthoritv of this Con- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 17 

stitution. District Courts for each District were estab- 
lished with a certain limited jurisdiction. They last- 
ed until the Constitution of 1868 was adopted. The 
number of Representatives, and the method of ap- 
pointment, prescribed by the Constitution of 1865 
were the same as provided in the Constitution of 1790 
and in the amend nients theieto. Until an apportion- 
ment should be made upon a new enumeration, it was 
provided that the representation of the several Elec- 
tion Districts should continue as heretofore. 

"The Constitution of 1868 made all Judicial Dis- 
tricts Counties, and declared each County an Election 
District." (The old Election District of Berkeley was 
absorbed into Charleston County.) 

In 1871 Aiken County was formed out of parts of 
the counties of Orangeburg. Edgefield. Lexington and 
Barnwell. 

Having discussed the various political divisions and 
sub-divisions of Orangeburg County from the earliest 
time, next we discuss the history of the people of that 
County. But before proceeding, a word as to spelling. 
It will be observed that the apostrophe before the pos- 
sessive "s"' has been dropped in late years from the 
name St. Matthew's, and it is now written St. Mat- 
thews. The "h" has also been dropped from Orange- 
burgh in late years. For our purposes we shall use 
the *'h" up to the year 1868 when the Districts were 
abolished and Counties established in their stead. 
Charleston will be spelt "Charlestown" whenever its 
Colonial or Revolutionary history is mentioned, as it 
was so spelt in Colonial and Revolutionary days. The 
spelling, capitalization, abbreviation and punctuation 
of all ([noted matters will be given as in the oi'iginal. 



18 THE HISTORY OF 



CHAPTER I. 

THE FIRST SETTLERS. 

Section 1. Who thei/ were, and where fhet/ came from. 

Probably the first settlement made by a white per- 
son in the territory now embraced by the County of 
Orangeburg was made on what is now known as Ly- 
ons Creek, in 1704, by Henry Sterling, who is supposed 
to have been an Indian trader. Prior to 1735 but few- 
white inhabitants had settled in this section, and 
these were mostly English, Scotch and Irish. 

Dr. Alexander Hewat, in his History of South Caro- 
lina, (Carroll's Historical Collections of S. C, Vol. I., 
p. 207.) says that in 1716, as a precaution against the 
incursions of the Yemassee Indians, a small fort was 
erected on the Congaree in Berkeley County; and the 
Journal of Council of January 20, 1720, says: "Since 
the Indian war have been obliged to maintain the fol- 
lowing Garrisons — viz: at the Congarees 130 miles N 
from Charles Town a captain and 20 men" &c., &c. 
This fort was a little below the present site of Colum- 
bia, but on the opposite side of the river, as is shown 
by a map in the first volume of Carroll's Historical 
Collections of South ('arolina. 

In the tenth chapter of Logan's History of Upper 
South Carolina the following account is ^iven of the 
establishment of this fort: ''No direct mention is 
made in the State records of a tiaffic with the Chero- 
kees, previous to the assumption of the management 
of the peltry trade by the public authorities of the 
province in 1716. In that year it is stated thfit goods 
ha<l lieen sent up l)y order of the Assembly for their 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 19 

use. This was done in compliance with a sort of 
commercial treaty, formed at this period, with the 
Cherokees through the diplomacy, on the one side, of 
Col. James Mooi-e, and of Charite Hayge, a distin- 
guished conjurer and friend of the English, on the 
other. It was stipulated that there should be a regu- 
lar exchange of goods and peltries between Charleston 
and the Nation. ****** 

"It was also agreed that a trading house and fort 
should be built the approaching fall, at a place known 
as the Congarees, the Conjurer promising to repair 
thither, at that time, with eighty warriors — one half 
of w^iom were to assist in cutting logs for the fort, 
and the other to carry the goods, expected to be 
brought up by the English that far, the remainder of 
the distance to the Cherokee towns. 

"Though Fort Moore, and the one beyond the Sa- 
vannah, were built in 1716, that at the Congarees, con- 
trary to the agreement with Charite Hayge, was not 
erected till two years later. The reason assigned by 
the Board for deferring the work was. that the trading- 
house and garrison at Savannah Town were sufficient 
for the trade until the Cheiokees had concluded the 
war they were at that time waging with a branch 
of the Muscogees. 

"Hewit remarks of this fort that with the others it 
was erected for the special purpose of defence and 
against the same dangeis. If the records must be 
credited, however, it would ajjpear that the Cherokees 
themselve.s requested that it should be l)uilt in view 
of theii' inci'easing traffic with the English: and it was 
in compliance with that request, and the enlarged de- 
mands of the trade, that in the summer of ITlS a body 
of men was sent up fmm Charleston to be employed 
in its construction. 



20 THE HISTORY OF 

"In August of that 3^ear, Capt. Charles Russell.* 
who, at the recommendation of the Board, had been 
appointed by the governor the Hrst commandant of 
the fort, was ordered to proceed to the country, and 
there enlist the men who were to constitute its garri- 
son as soon as it should be completed. Among those 
who were thus enlisted for this service, were Ralph 
Dayton, John Evans, and Edward Darlsley, the lirst 
soldiers who ever did duty in the old fort at the Con- 
gai'ees. 

"We have before us an extract from the instructions 
given by the Board to one Dauge, an assistant agent 
among 'the Cherokees, in relation to the public work 
at Congarees: 

■ "'You are to proceed at once to the Cherokee Na- 
tion, and, on your arrival, inform the Conjurer and 
other head-men that, in a month or six weeks, we 
shall have a settlement at the Congarees, to which 
place they may resort, and procure whatever goods 
they may need; that we would have built the fort 
eaHier than this, if some of our people had not run 
away with the boat w^hich had been prepared to carry 
up the men and implements necessat-y for its construc- 
tion. Inform the Conjurer also, that we expect him 
to hasten down in order to meet at the Congarees 
with a supply of provisions, the train of pack horses. 
which is now on its way with the men and tools to be 
employed on the fort, and with a quantity of ammu- 
nition for the Cherokee's.' 

"In the fall of the previous year, 1717, the Board 
had said to a trader just setting off for the Nation: 
"Acquainst Charite Hay^e that our new (Jovernor 
Johnson has arrived, and we will speedily fix a garri- 



"••A luitivt' of Massnchiisctts, Wiit lioni (if Kiij:lisii pjiiciits w 1»<> li.-id 
si'ttlcd ill that proviiu-c. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY, 21 

son and factory at the Congarees, whence the Chero- 
kees may be supplied with afms and ammunition.' 

'"Samuel Kinsman was the head carpenter, who ex- 
ecuted the work, and was paid nine pounds per month 
for his services. As this fortress was designed simply 
as a safeguard for the g.oods and other property be- 
longing to the trade, accumulated here, it was of no 
more formidable construction than a common stock- 
ade inclosure. 

"The name was derived from the Congaree Indians, 
in whose settlement it had been built. It stood on or 
near the site occupied, in after-years, by old Fort, St. 
John's, a short distance above the mouth of Congaree 
Creek, near the present City of Columbia. Here was 
once the great centre of trade for the Catawbas, and 
Middle and Lower Cherokees. The Over-hills traded 
chiefly at Sa,vannah Town. 

"At this period. Savannah Town and the Conga^rees 
often presented scenes more boisterous and busy than 
many a commercial town of the prpsent. with far 
more pretention in situation and trade. On their out- 
skirts are; encamped numerous caravans of pack-trains, 
with their roistering drivers, who are mostly mischiev- 
ous boys. The smoke from a hundred camp-fires curl 
above the thick tops of the trees, and the woods re- 
sound with the neighing of horses, and the barking 
and howling of hungry Indian dogs. A large supply 
of g<n)i]f has arrived from Charleston, and, every pack-i 
saddle came down from the Nation loaded with skins 
and furs, and tliese being now displayed to the best 
advantage, the woi'k of barter begins. | , 

"in the open ;tir and in the trading-house are con- 
gregated a motley assembly of pack-horsemen, trad- 
ers, hunters, squaws, children, soldiers, and stately In- 
dian warriors — some silent and grave, seemingly unin- 



22 THE HISTORY OF 

terested in the scene; but the greater number loudly 
huxtering, and obstinately contending over their res- 
pective commodities in trade, in many barbarous 
tongues, 

"The hunters from distant wilds want a supply of 
powder and ball, each squaw fancies some bright-col- 
ored fabric for a new petticoat or dress, while the 
warriors and old men eagerly demand guns, ammuni- 
tion and blankets. 

"The clamor begins, however, presently to subside, 
and at length the last bargain has been struck, and 
the goods and peltries have alike changed hands. The 
packs are once more made up; the goods for the In- 
dian towns, and the skins for the market on the sea- 
board, and everything is again ready for the trail. 
The boys crack their whips, and with shouts and hal- 
loos that make the forests ring, the trains enter the 
narrow paths, and are soon far on their way, leaving 
the garrisons and agents of the posts to the dull mo- 
notony of the wilderness till their next visit." 

About 1719 Richard Heatly, ''of Berkley County 
planter," and his wife Mary,* moved from Cooper 
river to Santee, (within the present County of Orange- 
burg) and their son William is said to have been the 
first white child born in this section. Richard Heatly 
died a few years later, and his widow married Captain 
Charles Russell, J. P., commandant of the Congaree 
garrison. Captain Russell's family, together with the 
families of other meml)ers of the garrison, became 
permanent settlers in this section. Captain Russell 
died in 1737. He is mentioned in the Statutes of 
South Carolina for 1784 (Vol. ill., p. 391) as captain 
of rangeis. from which we infer that the fort had been 



*Th»'.v wciv iii:inu'<l in the luuisli <»f St. Tlioiiuis ami St. Ik-nis in 
1714. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 23 

abolished and rangers substituted in its stead. We 
find, as an item of the expenditures of the Province in 
1736-7: 'Mar}' Russell, widow, in full for her hus- 
band's services as agent, &c. 124 00 00"; from which 
we take it that from an Indian fighter Captain Rus- 
sell became an Indian agent, and the following item 
on the same account probably refers also to him: "To 
so much allowed for the pa3'ment of two men who 
went up with Major Russell, to be lodged in the hands 
of the Treasurer, to be paid on proper application, at 
the rate of £20 per month each.*' On April 13, 1739, a 
grant of land was made to Mrs. Mary Russell, "wife of 
Charles Ru>;sell.'" in trust for her children. The land 
was situated at or near McCord's Ferry, between the 
Congaree and Wateree rivers, in Craven County, "over 
the Congaree" from Amelia Township. It was sur- 
veyed Deer. 10. 1741, by George Haig, Deputy Survey- 
or-General. Mrs. Russell died Jan. 5, 1754, and was 
buried at her plantation, and the Rev. John Giessen- 
danner in recording her burial states that she had 
lived in the township (Amelia) twenty-six years. 

About 1730 Moses Thomson, with his family and his 
connections, the Maxwells and Powells, moved into 
Amelia Township from Pennsylvania. Dr. Joseph 
Johnson, in his "Traditions of the Revolution", says 
that the Thomsons were Irish people from Pennsyl- 
vania. A member of this family, William Thomson, 
married Eugenia, daughter of Capt. Charles Russell, 
and John McCord, a member of another of the families 
early settled in this section, married her sister, Sophi- 
anisba Russell. From these three early Orangeburgli 
families. Russells. Thomsons and McCoi'ds. descended 
many people who have l)ecome [ii-ominent in the his- 
tory of South Carolina. Among their descendants we 
find the names Thomson, McCord. Heatly, Hart, Ta- 
ber. Rhett, Haskell, Cheves. Darby. Sinkler, Goodwyn. 



24 THE HISTORY OF 

Hayne, Michel, Stuart, and many uthei's equally well 
known. 

A leading spirit in this section ahout 1787 was Major 
Christian Motte. He is mentioned in old records of 
that day as being present at njarriage ceremonies at 
Orangeburgli, and the Statutes show that he was, in 
1738, an Inquirer and Collector of taxes for the parish 
of St. John's, Berkeley. He probably collected the 
taxes for the townships of Amelia and Orangeburgh, 
as those townships were nearest to St. John's. It is 
not likely that he remained in this section, as no re- 
cords have been found to show that he became a per- 
manent settler in this section, and an extract from the 
Sonih Carolina Gazette of January 25 — 29, 1741, seems 
to indicate that he then lived in Charlestown. The 
extract referred to is an advertisement of a wonderful 
medicine that was "guaranteed to cure or no money 
taken", and reads as follows: "To be had of John 
Lax Indian Doctor at Col: Saunders plantation at 
Cypress swamp or of Major Christian Mote in Charles 
Town a Decoction" &c., &c. This name must not be 
confounded with Ft. Motte, for that place obtained its 
name from Col. Isaac Motte and his heroic wife, Re- 
becca, who were well known in Charlestown subse- 
quent to this, and who owMied a plantation in St. Mat- 
thew's Parish, the house of which was seized and gar- 
risoned as a fort by the British during the Revolu- 
tion, and hence the name Fort Motte. 

Probably the first settler in the vicinity of wdiere 
the present town of Orangeburg is located was John 
Hearn, (pronounced Harn) who lived just below where 
Orangeburg nov^^ stands as early as 1782. His planta- 
tion contained iive hundred acres of land and em- 
braced lands now or lately belonging to Messrs Jolin 
H. Dukes, A. L. Dukes, (i. W. Brunson. and Mrs. Alary 
Huiihes. The followino- certificate of admeasurement. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 25 

which accompanies the plat to the above lands, is re- 
corded in the office of the Secretary of State at Co- 
lunihia. 
'"South Carolina. 

"By virtue of a warrant from his Excei- 
lency, Robert Johnson, Esqr. Governor. &c., Bearing 
date the 2Sth, day of November 1732. and a precept 
thereon to me directed by James St. John Esqr. his 
Majesties Surveyor General of the said province of 
South Carolina bearin.tr date the 18th, day of Decem- 
ber 1732. I have admeasured and sett out unto John 
Hearne of Colleton County Planter a Plantation or 
Tract of Land Containing five Hundred acres where 
he now lives Sit?uate in Colleton lying and being part 
of the land reserved for the Inhabitants within the 
Township of Edisto Butting and Bounding to the 
South Westward on pon pon river to the Northwest 
on twenty thousand acres of land laid out for the said 
Township to the Northeastward and Southeastward 
on land reserved for the Inhabitants of the said Town- 
ship and hath such form and uiarks as are represented 
in the above delineated plat certified the twentieth 
Day of September anno domini 1733 Per me. 

"George Haig Depty. Surveyor." 

The following is a copy of the grant which was 
made to Mr. Hearn, of the lands so laid out: 
"South Carolina. 

"GEORGE THE SECOND by the grace 
of God of Great Brittain, France and Ireland King De- 
fender of the Faith &c. 

"TO ALL to whom these presents shall come Greet- 
ing, Know Ye that we of our special grace certain 
knowledge and meer motion Have given and granted 
and by the presents for Us Oui' Heirs and Successors 
Do give and grant unto Mr. John Hearn his Heirs and 
assigns all that parcel or tract of land containing five 



26 THE HISTORY OF 

hundred acres situate l3'ing and being in Colleton 
County in the province aforesaid butting and bound- 
ing to the South Westward on pon pon Kiver to the 
North westward on twenty thousand acres of land 
laid out for the said Township to the North eastward 
and South eastward on land reserved for the Inhabi- 
tants of the said Township and hath such shape form 
and marks as appears by a plat thereof hereunto an- 
nexed together with all woods underwoods timber 
and timber Trees lakes ponds fishings watei's w^ater 
courses profits commodities appurtenances and heredi- 
taments whatsoever thereunto belonging or in any 
wise appertaining together with privileges of hunting 
hawking and fowling in and upon the same and all 
mines and minerals whatsoever saving and reserving 
nevertheless to us our heirs and successors all w hite 
pine trees if any there should be found growing there- 
on and also saving and reserving to us our heirs and 
Successors one tenth part of mines of silver and gold 
onely TO HAVE AND TO HOLD the said tract of 
five hundred acres of land and all and singular other 
the premises hereby granted with the appurtenances 
unto the said John Hearn his heirs and assigns for 
ever an free and Common Soccage he the said John 
Hearn his heirs and assigns Yielding And Paying 
therefore unto us Our heirs and Successors or to our 
Receiver General for the time being or to his Deputy 
or Deputies for the time being Yearly that is to sa}^ on 
every twenty fifth daj' of March at the rate of three 
Shillings sterling or four shillings Proclamation money 
for every hundred acres and so in proportion accord- 
ing to the quantity of acres contained herein the same 
to grow due and be accounted for frou) the date here- 
of Provided Always and this present diiant is upon 
condition Nevertheless that he the said John Hearn 
his heirs and assions shall and do within three vears 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 27 

next after the date of these presents clear and culti- 
vate at the rate of one acre for every five hundred 
acres of land and so in proportion according to the 
quantity of acres herein contained or build a dwelling 
House thereon, and keep a Stock of five head of cattle 
for every five hundred acres upon the same and in 
proportion for a greater or lesser quantity. 

AND UPON CONDITION that if the said rent here- 
by reserved shall happen to be in arrear and unpaid 
for the space of three years from the time it became 
due and no distress can be found on the said lands 
tenements and hereditaments hereby granted that 
then and in such case the said lands tenements and 
hereditaments hereby granted and every part and par- 
cel thereof shall revert to us Our heirs and Successors 
as fully and absolutely as if the same had never been 
granted. 

"Given under the Great Seal of Our Said Province 
Witness Thomas Broughton Esqi'. Our Lieutenant 
Governor of our said Province of South Carolina the 
twelfth day of May in the Eighth year of Our Reign 
and in the year of Our Lord One Thousand seven hun- 
dred and thirty-five. 

"Thomas (Seal) Broughton," 
"And hath thereunto annexed ] Signed by the Hon- 
a plat Representing the I ble. Thomas Brough- 

same tract of land certified [ ton Esqr. Lieut. Govr. 
by James St. John Surveyr. fin Council. 
Genl the 20th. September | J. Badenhop, 
1733. j C, C." 

The foregoing deed was recorded May 28th, 1735. 
In the t^oath Carolina Gazette of June 25, 1753 this 
place is advertised for sale as follows: 

•'John Hearne's place is offered for sale. 500 acres 
lying &. I>eing in Colleton county: butting iV: bounding 
to S. W. on Ponpon River. N. W. on Edisto Township 



28 THE HISTORY OF 

to N. E. & S, E. on lands reserved for the Inhabitants 
of said Township. 

"100 acres in the limits of Orangehnrgh Township, 
b. & b. to N. E. on lands laid out to John Strutzenerk- 
er, to N. W. on land belonging to John Hearne S. W. 
on Ponpon S. E. on land laid out to Henry Wuester, 
one town-lot N. 253." 

Another of the early settlers of Oratigeburgh Town- 
ship was Henry Salley, who settled in the township 
about 1735, as will be seen by the following eertiticate 
of measurement for a grant of land, and a subsequent 
conveyance of the same: 
"So. Carolina. 

"Pursuant to a precept under the hand & 
seal of James St. John Esq His Majesty's Sur. Genl 
I have admeasured & laid out unto Henry Zaley a 
tract of Land in Orangeburgh Township in Berkeley 
County containing Two hundred acres Butting &: 
Bounding to the S. W. on Pon Pon River to the N. E. 
on land not laid out; to the S. E. on land laid out un- 
to Jacob Twyther & to the N. W. on land laid out to 
Barbara Hatcher & also one Town Lot in Orangeburgh, 
containing one half of an acre; Known on the grand 
plat of the si Town by the number one hundred & 6S: 
Butting & Bounding to the S. W. on 165 laid out to 
Hans Deitricks Jun£ to the N. E. on a Street; to the 
S. E. on N lfi9 Laid out to Jacol) Miller; to the N. W. 
on N lf)7. Tiand laid out to Henry Pickenfiaker, A: each 
hath such shape ^ marks as are lepresented t)y the 
above plat. Certified the 20 Sepl 1735. 

"Geo. Haig 1). S." 

It will be observed that in tlie foregoing certificate 
the name is given "Zaley," but tliat must have been 
the way |Mr Salley's German neighbors called it. for 
the name has always been vSalley. and the following 
extra<*t frou) a later dee«l of the same tract of land. 




ALEXANDER S. SAI.LEY, M. 1), 
Born April 2(;tli. ] SI 8— Died Ai)ril l^t. 1893. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 29 

from John Salley. Jr., to John Salley, Sen., clearly 
shows Mr. Haig to have heen in error in beginning the 
name with the letter Z: 'Mil that plantation or 
Tract of Land — Original Bodnty — containing two 
Hundred acres Situate in (the former) Berkl}^ County, 
& in Orangeburgh Township." ***** "The 
said Tract of Two Hundred acres of Land and Town 
Lott aforesaid, was Originally Granted to Henry Zaley 
(more properly Salley) on the Seventeenth day of Sep- 
tember One thousand Seven Hundred and thirty Six" 
* * * * "Which said Tract of Land & Town Lott 
aforesaid Devolved in a Lineal Decent to the aforesaid 
John Salley, Jun^ as being Heir at Law to the said 
Tract of Land & Town Lott." This last deed was 
made August 26, 1790. As early as 1741 the naiiie oc- 
curs on Giessendanner's record book spelt "Sahly", 
and a few yeafs later the same authority records it 
"Sally"; but the name has obtained in Yorkshire, En- 
gland, and vicinity, for centuries; and the bearers of 
the name have always spelt it as the bearers of it in 
Orangeburg spell it to-day — "Salley." The name Sal- 
ley signifies "the field of sallows, and was so named 
undoubtedly", says Whitaker, in his Histoi-y of the 
Deanery of Craven, "from real salix and leza ager". 
(Species of willow.) There is a village of the same 
name in the parish of Gisburne (in th6 Deanery of 
Graven) in Yorkshire. 

For sonie years previous to 1735 John Peter Purry^ 
a Swiss gentleman, had been trying to establish Swiss 
colonies in South Carolina, and had actually establish- 
ed one on the' Savannah river at a place called Purrys- 
burg. He gave such a glowing account of the coun- 
try in a pamphlet, (See Carroll's Historical Collections 
of South Carolin.i, Vol. 11.) which he freely distributed 
throughout Switzerland. Holland, North Germany 
and the Provinces of the Rhine, that a great many set- 



30 THE HISTORY OF 

tiers were induced to come to Carolina. The first 
ship load for Orangeburgh Township arrived in Char- 
lestown in July 17B5, and immediately set out for the 
township on the Edisto, which was thereafter named 
Orangeburgh. The next year another installment of 
settlers arrived, and in 1737 a third arrived, bringing 
with them a Lutheran minister, the Rev. John Ulrick 
Giessendanner. Others arrived later. Dr. David Ram- 
say in his "History of South Carolina", page 11, says 
that the vessels which brought them over usually re- 
turned with loads of rice, and made pi'ofitable voy- 
ages. Rev. J. TT. Giessendanner and his nephew and 
successor. Rev. John Giessendanner, kept a record of 
the marriage, baptismal and burial ceremonies per- 
formed by them, and from the burial record we are 
able to learn where many of these settlers came from 
in the old country. From Switzerland came Peter 
Hugg (Canton Bern, 1735); Anna, wife of Peter Roth: 
Rev. John U. Giessendanner and his wife; John Gies- 
sendanner, Jr.; Jacob Giessendanner; Hans Henry 
Felder (1735); Jacob Kuhnen and wife (1736); Ann, 
wife of Jacob Bossart; Melchior Ott (1735); Anna 
Negely, widow; Magdalena, wife of Hans Imdorff: 
Martin Kooner; Peter Moorer; Zibilla Wolf (Grisons); 
John Friday (1735); John Dietrick (1735); Barbara 
Fund; Henry Wurtzer (1735); Henry Horger; Jacob 
Stauber (Canton Zurich, 1750); Henry Haym and 
John Myers. From Germany came John George Barr: 
David Runtgenauer; Lewis Linder and Elias Snell 
(1735). From Holland came William Young. These 
are all whose places of nativity aie given, l)ut it is 
reasonable to presume that the many other settlers 
bearing the same family names as the above, caux' 
from the same places. 

Besides the above there are njany more naujes on 
the (liessendanner record that are unmistakablv (ler- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 31 

man; among them the names: Stroman, Stouden- 
mire. Shaumloffel. (leiger. Hoi man, Hessy, Kuhn, 
Yutsey (lltsey), Yssenliut (Whisenhunt), Kreyter (Cri- 
der), Huber, Shuler, liumph, Zimmerman, Rickenbac- 
ker, Kobler (Culler), Hungerbiiller (Hungerpiller), 
Wannamaker, A maker, Keller, Inabinet, Zeigler, Ley- 
saht, Golson, Joyner, Ferstner, Tilly, Hartzog, Whet- 
stone. Balziger. Brunzon, Stehely (Staley), Starekey 
(Sturkie), and Tbeus — names nearly all of which ob- 
tain in this section to-day. 

There are many names to be found on the Giessen- 
danner record that are evidently not German names. 
These settlers came in about the time of the German 
settlements or a little later. In some instances the 
Giessendanner record tells where the settler came 
from. This was the case with Gideon Jennings, who 
came in to Orangeburgh Township, with his wife and 
two sons, Philip and John, in 1736. In recording his 
death the Rev. Mr. Giessendanner states that he was 
an "Italian protestant," and in recording the death of 
his wife, Ursula, a few years later, he speaks of her as 
the "widow of Gideon Zanini alias Jennings". Wheth- 
er Jennings is the English for Zanini, or whether 
Gideon Jennings was an Englishman who went to 
Italy, (seeing that he was a protestant) and there as- 
sumed the name Zanini and changed back to the En- 
glish name Jennings upon resuming habitation among 
English people, or whether he changed his name to 
Jennings because he fancied that name, or for other 
cause, is only a matter of conjecture, but, at any rate, 
the Jennings family has long been a large and influ- 
ential one in this section and members of it have in- 
termarried with many of the oldest families in the 
County. 

William Harrie. another of the early settlers, is re- 
corded bv Giessendanner as haviuii been a native of 



6 6 THE HISTORY OF 

Scotland, and Seth Hatcher as a native of Virginia, 
The Larry, or Larey. family frequently mentioned by 
Giessendanner was an Irish family.* Other names not 
German to be found on the record are: Martin, Gard- 
ner, Bunch, Powell. Oliver, Brown, Curtis, Robinson. 
Robison, Barber, Bright, Weekly, Gibson, Barker, 8ul- 
livant, Haig. Holmes. McGraw, McFashion, Reece, 
Cheavy. Potts, Good, Fitzpatrick, Carter, Tate, Jones. 
Tap, Hickie. Smith, Gossling, JVlurphy, Clements, 
Whiteford. Hill, Mercier. Partridge, and Wright. 
Some of them have a decidedly Hibernian smack, 
others sound English, others Scotch, and one or two 
sound somewhat Frenchy. It is likely that some of 
these settlers came from the colonies to the north- 
ward, while others of them doubtless came from the 
lower parishes of South Carolina. 

Another prominent man among the early settlers of 
Orangeburgh was John Chevillette, who had formerly 
been an otficer under Frederick the Great—probably 
before Frederick became King of Prussia. That he 
had been a friend of that king is shown by the let- 
ters that that monarch wrote to him (which letters 
were long in possession of the late Mrs. William Gil- 
more Simms) telling him how to cultivate the vine to 
?Tiake vvine in Carolina. Col. Chevillette married in 
Orangeburgh Township, in 1745. Mrs. Susannah Hep- 
perditzel, a widow, by whom he had one son. John 
Chevillete. who married the widow of Honald Govan. 
and was the step-father of Eliza (iovan.l who nunTied 
Nash Roach, and not the father, as Trent puts it on 
page IK) of his Life of Simms. 

The defeat of the revolutionaiy efforts in England 
and Scotland in behalf of Charles Fdwaid.the "Youny- 



•It WMs n (lesccndaiit of this fmiiily that fst:il)lislu'<l the Hist ikws- 
l)!i|KT in tlic District. 
tTlu' iiiothvr of Mrs. Win. (Jiiiiiorc Siniiiis. 



ORANGEBURG COMNTY. 66 

Pretender", in 1745, caused many of the defeated re- 
volters to flee to America; and among these was An- 
drew Go van, who settled in Orangeburgh Township, 
where he and his descendants became prominent. 
The late Wm. Gilmore Simms used to relate a very 
pretty little tradition to the effect that the rebel Go- 
van was condemned and about to be executed, when 
his friends wrecked the scaffold upon which he was 
about to be executed. In the fall of the scaffold Go- 
van had a leg broken, but in the confusion he escaped 
and hid in a London sewer for a day or two, when he 
made his escape and embarked for America. John 
Govan was a kinsman who also came to Orangeburgh 
about the same time, but he afterwards moved to 
Granville County. Christopher, Henry and Samuel 
Kowe. and Gavin Pou were also Scotchmen who set- 
tled in Orangebui'gh Township about 1740. 

After the English conquest of Acadia (Nova Scotia) 
in 1755, it will be remembered that the French Aca- 
dians then captured w^ere cruelly carried oft' and dis- 
tributed among the British Colonies to the South. 
vSouth Carolina got a portion of these Acadians, and 
some of these were settled in Orangeburgh, Amelia 
and Saxe-Gotha Townships, as we find in Volume IV., 
p. 72, of the Statutes of South Carolina, the following- 
items of account showing that certain persons living 
in those townships had been paid for maintaining 
them : 
"Stephen Crell, of Saxe-CJotha township, £54.00.00. 

Henry Gallman, " " 53.00.00. 

Henry Hertel, " '" 24.00.00. 

Henry Serstrunk, " " 12.00,00. 

Henry Heartley, of Amelia " 26.00.00. 

William Heatly, " " 171.10.00. 

Christopher Kowe. of Orangeburgh. (to be 

paid when duly certified.) 64.00.0(1."" 



84 THE HISTORY OF 

The name Dukes occurs frequentl,y in the Giessen- 
danner record. (Sometimes it is written Duk^s and 
sometimes Duke.) In Hotton's "List of Persons who 
went from Great Britain to the American Planta- 
tions," on p. 362, William Dukes is mentioned as hav- 
ing embarked from Barbadoes on the Barque Adven- 
ture for Carolina on April 7th, 1679. The Dukeses on 
the Giessendanner record are doubtless descendants 
of his, and the large and influential Dukes family now 
in Orangeburg County are undoubtedly the descend- 
ants of the persons mentioned by Giessendanner. 

The lower section of the Province, which had been 
previously settled, also furnished a share of the set-, 
tiers for Amelia and Orangeburgh Townships. Among 
these we find the names Porcher, Richardson, Sabb, 
Gaillard, and Huger^ — names which shed lustre on the 
early history of old St. Matthew's Parish. 

Section 2. The German settlers of Orangeburgh Tonn- 
ship; their ehurch and their pador. 

The following account of the settling of Orange- 
burgh by the Germans and Swiss is given by Rev. 
George Howe, D. D., in his History of the Presbyterian 
Church in South Carolina, Vol. I., pp. 216 and 217: 
•'A trader, Henry Sterling, had located himself, and 
obtained a grant of land on Lyon's Creek, in 1704. 
But it was not until 1735 that this portion of the 
province had any considerable number of whites. The 
arrival of the settlers who found their way thither is 
thus mentioned in the South Carolina (iazette, under 
date of July 26th: — 'On Sunday last arrived two 
hundred Palatines: most of them being poor, they 
were obliged to sell themselves and their children for 
their passage (which is six pistoles in gold per head) 
within a fortnight of the time of their arrival, or else 




.1. W. H. DIKES. A. F. H. DUKES. 

Mavtn' of OraiifielJi'i'S'- Members. C. House of Re[)fesentatives. 

18'.)]— 18<.»8. Orangeburg Count.y, 1896— 1898. 

J. H. DUKES. 
Sheriff Orangebui-g County, 
1891!— 1898. 
\V. HAMPTON DUKES. COL. D. E. DUKES, 

Dei)utv .Sheriff Orangeburg County, Coroner Orangeburg County, 

1892-1898. ' 1888—1898. 



OEANGEBURG COUNTY. 35 

to pay one pistole more to be carried to Philadelphia. 
The most of them are farmers, and some tradesmen. 
About two hundred and twenty of the Switzers that 
have paid all their passages are now going up the 
Edisto to settle a township there. The government 
defrays them on their jurney, provides them pro- 
visions for one year, and gives them fifty acres ahead. 
The quantity of corn bought for them had made the 
price rise from fifteen shillings, as it was last week, 
to twenty shillings.' 

"These persons became the first settlers in Orange- 
burg township, which had been laid out in a parrelle- 
logram of fifteen miles by five on the North Edisto. 
and was called Orangeburg in honor of the Prince of 
Orange.* Germans of the [ Lower] Palatinate settled 
in the township, but some portion of the settlers were 
from Switzerland, from the Cantons of Berne, Zurich, 
and the Orisons, and were Oalvinists we suppose of 
the Helvetic confession, and Presbyterian in their 
views of Church government.' Their minister, John 
Ulrich Oiessendanner, came with them, and the regis- 
ter of marriages, baptisms, and burials, commenced 
by him in the German language, was continued by his 
nephew and successor, John Oiessendanner. dow^n to 
the year 1760. John Ulrich Oiessendanner died in the 
year 1738. His nephew John, by the request of the 
congregation, went to Charleston for the pui'pose of 
'obtaining orders" from Rev. Alexander Oaixlen. the 
Bishop of London's commissary, but was persuaded by 
Major Christian Mote, whom he met. that he ought 



^Williiiin Charles Hei:ry Friso, who had married Anne, daughter 
of (Ti'orge ir., in 1784;— afterwards William IV., "stadtholder, cap- 
tain, and admiral-general of Zealand", and later "captain and admi- 
ral-general of the whole union, and stadtholder of the Seven Provin- 
ces." (Holland, Zealand, Friesland, (iuelderlaii<l, I'trecht, Overys- 
sel and ({roninyen. ) 



36 THE HISTORY OF 

not to apply to him, but to other gentlemen to whom 
he would conduct him, who, if they found him quali- 
fied, would give him authority to preach. Major 
Mote made him acquainted with the Presbytery of 
South Carolina, who in 1738 gave him authority to 
preach the gospel among his German neighbors, 'fhis 
he continued to do, and thus kept up the Church of 
their fathers unchanged for a season, though he after- 
wards went to London and took Episcopal ordination. 
— (Journal of Upper House of Assembly, Vol. X., 1743 
—1744.)" 

Dr. Howe in Chapter II., pp. 250 — 251 further says: 
"In the same year 1743, the German and Swiss settlers 
of Orangeburg were interfered with in their religious 
worship by an attempt made by Rev. Bartholomew 
Zauberbuhler to oust their pastor, John Giessendan- 
ner. Mr. Zauberbuhler was himself a native of the 
canton of either St. Gall or Appenzel, one of the Pro- 
testant cantons of Switzerland, and was therefore in 
his own country an adherent of the Helvetic Confes- 
sion, setting forth the doctrines of the Reformation 
as proclaimed by Zwingle, Bullinger and Calvin. He 
had been engaged in the settlement of a colony of 
Swiss Protestants in the newly-constituted township 
of New Windsor, opposite Augusta. He had resolved 
to seek Episcopal ordination, and had petitioned coun- 
cil that he might be sent to preach to the Germans in 
Orangeburg and on the Santee, and that he might re- 
ceive a competent salary till such time as he could be 
consecrated by the Bishop of London, after which he 
proposed to visit Germany and to bring over others of 
his countrymen, 'it being a great encouragement to 
them to know that they may have the gospel not only 
on their passage, but after their arrival.' Council 
grants him £'500 out of the township fund, provided 
he could obtain Commissary Garden's certificate of his 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 37 

qualifications for ordination. Armed now with a sup- 
posed authority from (lovernor Bull and Commissary 
Garden, he came into the pastoral charge of Giessen- 
danner. and sought to expel him and occupy his place. 
A petition signed by about fourscore of the inhabi- 
tants of Orangeburg is spread out on the journals of 
the governor and council, detailing the facts, and 
praying for redress. Mr. Zauberbuhler was summon- 
ed by the governor, reprimanded for his interference, 
and curtailed of half the salary allowed him, unless he 
should bring over the foreign Protestants as he had 
stipulated. The petition is an interesting historic 
document, apologetic that their pastor is not rectus in 
ecdesia, according to the established religion of the 
province. It states that Mr. Giessendanner had been 
introduced in ("harleston 'to an Asssembly of Presby- 
tery, who, upon examination, furnished him with or- 
ders to preach'; that he hath done this in Dutch (Ger- 
man) constantly for the space of five years, to the in- 
expressible satisfaction of the congregation at Orange- 
burg; that 'two years ago, the petitioners being full 
sixty miles from any other place of worship, some of 
whom he had not been favored with a sermon for 
seven years, observing said Mr. -lohn Giessendanner to 
be a man of learning, piety, and know^ledge in the 
Holy Scriptures, prevailed on him to officiate in Eng- 
lish every fortnight, w^hich he hath since performed 
very articulate and intelligible, to the entire satisfac- 
tion of the English petitioners, and alw-ays behaves 
himself with sobriety, honesty, and justice, encourag- 
ing virtue and reproving vice." — (MS. Records of Gov. 
and Council, March Oth, 1743, State Archives, Colum- 
bia.) This document reveals to us the existence and 
action of the Presbytery in Charleston in 1738, and is 
of interest otherw^ise. Mr. Giessendanner continued 
his ministry some time longer, until, to meet the state 



88 THE HISTORY OF 

of things in this new country, he went to London in 
1749, received Episcopal ordination, and returned in 
1750 as a minister of the P^piscopal church. His labors, 
both before and after this period, seem to have been 
assiduous, and his record of baptisms, marriages, and 
burials, yet preserved, shows that they extended over 
a wide track in the central portion of South Carolina. 
It is one among numerous other proofs of the absorb- 
ing nature of an ecclesiastical system established by 
law over a people the majority of whom are dissenters 
from it. Most of these settlers were probably Luther- 
ans, but a portion must have been brought up under 
the Helvetic Confession and Heidelberg Catechism, 
and in their own land professed the Reformed or Cal- 
vinistic faith.'' 

On page 494, Dr. Howe further says: "We have ex- 
pressed our conviction on pp. 2U), 217, that a portion 
of the original settlers of Orangeburg, those namely 
from certain cantons of Switzerland (and it may be 
true also of others), were of the Calvinistic or Reform- 
ed church, and Presbyterians. This is confirmed in 
part by the fact that 'there was a Presbyterian meet- 
ing house erected on Cattle's Creek, in 177N, and was 
called the Frederican church, after Andrew Frederick, 
who was its principal founder. Another of the same 
denomination was built at Turkey Hill'. 'There are,' 
say Drs. Jamieson and Shecut, writing 1808, *two others 
of the same denomination in Lewisburgh'. 'The Pres- 
byterians have supplies only from the upper country 
and the North Carolina Presbytery. From the want 
of preachers of their own denomination, the descend- 
ants of the old stock are falling either with the Bap- 
tists or Methodists, according to the neighborhood in 
which they live'.^ — (Statistical ucct. of Orangeburg. — 
Ramsay. Vol. II., Appendix.)"" 

ih\ Howe is cleai'ly in error on one point: The Kev. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 39 

John Ulrirlx Giessendanner did not come over with 
the settlers of 1785 as Dr. Howe makes it appear, but 
came over in 1737 as is shown by his register, which 
Dr. Howe mentions. Dr. Howe does not State that 
these ministers. Rev. John U. Giessendanner and his 
nephew, Rev. John Giessendanner. were Lutheran 
ministers, but it was, nevertheless,, the case. Dr. 
Frederick Dalcho, who wrote at a much earlier period 
than Dr. Howe, in his History of the Protestant Epis- 
copal Church in South Carolina, states, and upon good 
evidence, that these ministers and their congregations 
were Lutherans: and Rev. G. D. Bernheim, D. D., in 
his History of the German Settlements and the Lu- 
theran Church in North and South Carolina, proves 
conclusively that such is the case, and that, while Rev. 
John Giessendanner. the younger, received ordination 
and a license to preach from the Charleston Presby- 
tery, he continued to preach in Orangeburgh as a Lu- 
theran minister until tlie time when he left for Eng- 
land to be ordained as an Episcopal Clergyman. Dr. 
Bernheim's account of the settling of Orangeburgh is 
undoubtedly the most authentic that has ever been 
written, and will therefore be given herewith: (p. 99.) 

'''Section 10. The Gernuni and Siriss Co/onlsfs of 
Oranrjehny. S. (\. A. I). 1735. 

"The story of the settling of Orangeburg, Soutli 
Carolina is a page in the history of that State which 
has never been fully written. The cause of this omis- 
sion can scarcely be accounted for, as ample materials 
were within the reach of former historians. Certain 
outlines have been given, but nothing very satisfac- 
tory has been furnished. 

'"The first white inhabitant who settled in this sec- 
tion of country was named Henry Sterling: his occu- 
pation, it is supposed, was that of a trader. He loca- 



40 THE HISTORY OF 

ted himself on Lyon's Creek in the year 1704, and ob- 
tained a grant of a tract of. land, at present in the pos- 
session of Colonel Russel P. McCord.' (Milh, p. {i56.) 

'•'The next settlers were some three or four individ- 
uals, who located themselves at the Cowpens, north- 
westerly of the low country white settlements; these, 
and the Cherokee and Catawba Indians* were all the 
inhabitants who had preceded the Germans,' (Mills, 
p. 657.) 

"The colonists of Orangeburg County and town were 
mostly German and Swiss, who came over from 
Europe in a large body, occupying several vessels, and 
even to the present day their descendants are easily 
recognized by their unmistakable German names, and 
are found to be the principal owners and occupants of 
the soil in this portion of South Carolina. 

"The principal facts concerning the early history of 
these colonists are mainly derived from the Journals 

*Lawson visited the Congaree section before any wliites Iiad settled 
there, and this is what he wrote: "The next raorning Santee Jacl^ 
told us we should reach the Indian (('ongaree) settlement betimes 
that day. About noon we passed by several foir savannas, very rich 
and dry, seeing great copses of many acres that bore nothing but 
bushes about the bigness of box trees, which, in their season, afford 
great quantities of small black-berries, very pleasant fruit, and much 
like to our blue huckleberries that grow on heaths in England. Hard- 
by the savannas we found the town, where we halted. There was 
not above one man left with the women, the rest being gone a hunt- 
ing, for a feast. The women were very busily engaged in gaming. 
The names or grounds of it I could not learn, though I looked on 
above tAVo hours. They kept count with a heap of Indian grains. 

"When the play was ended the king's wife invited us into her cabin. 
The Indian kings always entertain travelers, either English or In- 
dian, taking it as a great nffront if they pass by their cabins. The 
town consists of not above a dozen houses — tliey having other strag- 
gling plantations up and down the country, and are seated upon a 
small brancli of Santee River. Their place liath curious, dry marshes, 
and savannas adjoining to it, and would prove an exceeding tine 
range for cattle and hogs, if the English were seated tliereon. 

"These Indians are a small i)eoj)le, iiaving lost much of tlieir former 
numbers by intestine broils; but most by tlie small-i)()X. We found 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 41 

of Council of the Province of South Carolina, as found 
in manuscript form in the office of the Secretary of 
State, as well as from the Church record-book, kept 
by their first pastors, the two Giessendanners, uncle 
and nephew, written in the German and English lan- 
guages, which is still extant, and has been thoroughly 
exauiined by the writer; and as these additional facts 
are now presented for the first time, it is hoped that 
they njay open new avenues, which will afford future 
historians of the State additional sources of research 
and information. 

"That the (leruian element of the Orangeburg col- 
onists came partly from Switzerland, we learn from 
the records of the (riessendanners' church-book, as it 
was the custom of the younger Giessendanner to men- 
tion the place of nativity of all the deceased, in his 
records of each funeral of the early settlers; and as 
this emigration from that country to Orangeburg oc- 

here good store of chinkapin-nuts, which they gather in winter, great 
quantities of, drying them, and l^eeping tl\eni in great hasl^ets. Like- 
wise hickerie-nuts, whicli tliey beat betwixt two great stones, then 
sift to thicl\en tlieir venison brotli therewitii; the small shells precipi- 
tating to the bottom of the pot whilst the kernels, in form of flour, 
mixes with the liquor. 

"The Congarees are kind and affable to the English; the queen be- 
ing very kind — giving us what varieties her cabin afforded — loblolly 
made with Indian corn and dryed peaches. These Congarees have 
abundance of storks and cranes in their savannas. They take them 
before they can fly, and breed them as tame as dung-hill fowls. They 
had a tame crane at one of their cabins that was scarce less than six 
foot in height, his head being round with a shining crimson hue, 
which they all have. 

"These are a very comely sort of Indians, there being a strange dif- 
ference in the proportion and beauty of these heathen. The women 
here being as handsome as niost I have met withal, being several tive- 
tingered brunettos amongst them. These lasses stick not upon hand 
long, for they marry when very young, as at twelve or fourteen years 
of age. 

"We saw at the king's cabin tlie strangest spectacle of antiquity I 
ever knew — it being an old Indian squaw, tiiat, had I been to have 
guessed lier age by her aspect, old Parr's head, the Welch Methusa- 



/ 



42 THE HISTORY OF 

curred only two or three years subsequent to the emi- 
gration of a former Swiss colony to Purysburg. S. C, 
it certainly requires no great stretch of the imagina- 
tion to explain the causes which induced such a large 
number of emigrants from that country to locate 
themselves upon the fertile lands of South Carolina, 
which were described so glowingly by John Peter 
Purry and his associates. 

"Let any one exaniine the pamphlets, as found in 
vol, ii of Carroll's Collections, which Mr. Purry pub- 
lished in reference to the Province of South Carolina, 
and which he freely distributed in his native country, 
in which the fertility of the soil, salubrity of the cli- 
mate, excellency of government, safety of the colo- 
nists, opportunities of becoming wealthy, <S:c,, &., are 
so highly extolled, and corroborated by the testimony 
of so many witnesses, and he will easily comprehend 
what the Switzers must have fancied that province to 
be, viz.: the El Dorado of America, — the second Pal- 
estine of the world. 

"Mr. Purry's account of the excellency of South 
Carolina for safe and remunerative settlement went 
round, from mouth to mouth, in many a hamlet and 
cottage of the little mountain-girt country, losing 

lem, was a face in swadling- clouts to liers. Her skin Iiiini; in reaves 
like a bag' of tripe; by a fair computation, one niiiriit bave justly 
tbougbt it Avould liave contained three sucf\ carcasses as bers then 
was. P>oni wliat I could gatber sbe was considerably above one 
hundred years old, yet she smoked tol)acco, and eat her victuals, to 
all appearances, as heartily as one of eighteen. At night we wen- 
laid in the king's cabin, Avhere the (jueen and the obi scjiiaw pigged 
ill with us. 

"In the nHMning we rose before day, Iiaving liired n guide the over 
night to conduct us on our way. The (|Ueen got us a good lireakfast 
before we left her; siie bad a young child wiiicb was nmcb afflicted 
with the colic, for which sbe infuse<l a root in water, held in a gourd; 
this she took in her mouth, and spurted it into the mouth of the in- 
fant, wiiicb gave it ease, .\fter we bad eaten, we s('t out for tiie Wa- 
teree In<lians." 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 43 

nothing h}' being told from one family to another; 
which, with the additional fact, that man}- had rela- 
tives and friends living in both the Carolinas, whom 
they possibly might meet again, soon fastened their 
affections upon that province, and induced them to 
leave the Fatherland, and make their future homes 
with some of their countrymen in America. Their 
little all of earthly goods or patrimony was soon dis- 
posed of: preparations for a long journey were quick- 
ly made, as advised by Mr. Purry in his pamphlet; the 
journey through North Germany towards some sea- 
port was then undertaken; and, with other Germans 
added to their number, who joined their fortunes with 
them whilst passing through their country, they were 
soon rocked upon the bosom of the ocean, heading to- 
wards America, with the compass pointing to their 
expected haven, Charleston, South Carolina. 

*'These German and Swiss settlers did not all arrive 
in Orangeburg at the same time; the first colony came 
during the year 1735; another company arrived a year 
later, and it was not until 1737 that their first pastor, 
Rev. John IJlrich Giessendanner, Senior, came among 
them with another reinforcement of settlers; whilst 
Mills informs us that emigrants from Germany arrived 
in Orangeburg District as late as 1769, only a few 
years before the Revolution.* 

"Like most of the early German settlers of America, 
these colonists came to Carolina not as 'gentlemen or 
traders', but as tillers of the soil, with the honest in- 
tention 'to earn their bread by the sweat of the bi'ow', 
and their lands soon gave evidence of thrift and 
plenty, and they, by their industry and frugality, not 
only secured a competency and independence for 

*T1hs is probably true, as tluMe are some (Teriiiau families that have 
lonsir resided in ()ranj>el)iirii, but wliose names do not appear on tlie 
(Tiesseiidanni'r Record. 



44 THE HISTORY OF 

themselves and their children in this fertile portion of 
South Carolina, hut many of them became lilessed 
with abundance and wealth. 

"From the records of Rev. Giessendanner we learn 
that there were also a considerable number of me- 
chanics, as well as planters and farmers, among these 
colonists; and the results of this German colonization 
wei'e extremely favorable to Orangeburg District, in- 
asmuch as they remained there as permanent settlers, 
whilst many of their countrymen in other localities, 
such as Purysburg, (S:c., were compelled to leave their 
first-selected homes, on account of the want of health 
and of that great success which they had at first ex- 
pected, but the Orangeburg settlers became a well-es- 
tablished and successful colony. 

"It has been asserted that the German congregation 
established in Orangeburg among these settlers was; 
Reformed, which is evidently a mistake, as any one 
may perceive from the following facts. On the one 
hand, it must be admitted that the Switzers came 
from the land where eTohn Calvin labored, and where 
the Reformed religion prevails, but where there are 
also many Lutheran churches established. It is also 
admitted that the Giessendanners were natives of 
Switzerland, but it would be unsafe to conclude from 
these facts that the German congregation at Orange- 
burg, with all. or nearly all, of its members, and with 
their pastors, were Swiss Reformed or Calvinistic in 
their faith. On the other hand, although nothing 
positive is mentioned in the Record-book of the 
Church, concerning their distinctive religious belief, 
yet the ])resnmptive evidence, even from this source 
of information, is siilticiently strong to conclude tliat 
this first religious society in Orangeburg was a Luther- 
an Church. The facts from which our conclusions arc 
drawn are: 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 45 

'^"Firstlij. — Because a very strong element from Ger- 
many was mixed with their Swiss brethren in the 
early settling of this county, which, by still later ac- 
cession of German colonists, aj3pears to have become 
the predominating population, who were mostly Lu- 
therans, and the presumption becomes strong that 
their church-organization was likewise Lutheran. 

'"'Secondlij. — It seems to have been a commonly ad- 
mitted tact and the prevailing general impression of 
that time, when their second paster had become an 
ordained minister of the Church of England, 

"J7//yy////. — In examining their church records one 
will discover, through its entire pages, a recognition 
of the festivals of the Lutheran Church, as were com- 
monly observed by the early Lutheran settlers. 

''Foiui/dff. — In Dalcho's History of the Prot, Epis. 
Church in S. C, published in 1820, at the time when 
the son of the younger Giessendanner was still living 
(see Mills' Statistics, p. 657, published as late as 1826), 
it is most positively stated concerning his father, that 
*he was a minister of the Lutheran Church.' (Dalcho, 
p. 333, footnote.) How could Dr. Dalcho have been 
mistaken when he had the records of the Episcopal 
Church in South Carolina before him; and in that de- 
nomination this was the prevailing impression, as w^as, 
doubtless, so created from Giessendanner's own state- 
ments in the bosom of which Church he passed the 
latter days of his life. 

"'Fifthli/. — One of the churches which Giessendan- 
ner served before he became an Episcopal clergyman, 
located in Amelia Township, called St. Matthews, has 
never been any other than a Lutheran Church, and is 
still in connection with the Evangelical Lutheran 
Synod of South Carolina. 

"'Sixihlij. — The Orangeburg colonists, after their 
paster departed from their faith, were served with Lu- 



46 THE HISTORY OF 

theran pastors entirely, numbering in all about seven- 
teen ministers, and only for a short time a Reformed 
minister. Rev. Dr. Ziibly, once labored there as a tem- 
porary supply, 

'^Sevenflili/. — In Dr. Hazelius' History of the Ameri- 
can Lutheran Church, p. 64, we have the following 
testimony, gathered from the journal of the Ebenezer 
pastors, Bolzius and Gronan, found in Xh'lsperger's 
Nachrichten: 'Their journal of that time mentions 
among other things, that many Lutherans were set- 
tled in and about Orangeburg in South Carolina, and 
that their preacher resided in the village of Orange- 
burg.' 

"It is to be hoped that all this testimony is satisfac- 
tory to every candid inquirer, that the first establish- 
ed Church of Orangeburg, vS. C, which was likewise 
thefrsf organized Lutheran Chui'ch in both the Caro- 
linas, was none other than a Lutheran Church; that 
those early settlers from Germany and Switzerland 
were mostly, if not all, of the same denomin.ation, and 
that Dr. Dalcho has published no falsehood by assert- 
ing that 'their paster was a minister of the Lutheran 
Church.' 

"The first colony of German and Swiss emigrants 
who settled in Orangeburg village and its vicinity in 
1735, as well as those who selected their homes in 
Amelia ToAvnship along Four-hole swamp and creek, 
did not bring their pastor with them: the Rev. John 
Ulrich Giessendanner did not arrive until the year 
1737: he was an ordained minister and a native of 
Switzerland, and was the first and at the time, the 
only minister of the gospel in the village and District 
of Orangeburg: we infer this from Mills' Statistics, p. 
657, stating that there were but four or five English 
settlers residing in the District before the (iermans 
arrived, and these few would not likelv have an Eng- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 47 

lish minister of their own to labor among them. We 
infer this, moreover, from the record of Giessendan- 
ner's marriages; the ceremony of one was performed 
in the English language during the first year of his 
ministry, with the following remark accompanying it: 
'Major Motte having read the ceremony in the Eng- 
lish language,' from which we conclude that at the 
time, October 24th, 1737, Rev. Giessendanner was still 
unacquainted with the English language, and that 
on this account he solicited the aid of Major Motte in 
the performance of a clerical duty. That there could 
have been no other minister of the gospel within 
reach of the parties, who did not reside in the village, 
otherwise they would not have employed Rev. (r. to 
perform a ceremony under such embarrassing circum- 
stances. 

"Rev. J, U. Giessendanner came to this country 
with the third transportation of German and Swiss 
settlers for this fertile portion of South Carolina. In 
the same vessel also journeyed his future partner in 
life, who had resided at his home in Europe as house- 
keeper for twenty-six years, and to whom, on the 15th. 
of November, 1737, he was 'quietly married, in the 
presence of many witnesses, by Major Motte;' doubt- 
less by him, as no minister of the gospel was within 
their reach, to which record he piously adds: 'May 
Jesus unite us closely in love, as well as all faithful 
married people, and cleanse and unite us with him- 
self. Amen.' By this union he had no children, since 
both himself and his partner were 'well stricken in 
years'. 

"The elder Giessendanner did not labor long among 
this people. Death soon ended his ministrations in 
Orangeburg, and we infer that he must have died 
about the close of the year 173S, since the records of 
his ministerial acts extend to the summer of that 



48 THE HISTORY OF 

year, whilst these of his nephew commence with the 
close of the year 1739, Allowing the congregation 
time to make the necessary arrangement with the 
nephew, and he to have time to seek and obtain (u-di- 
nation, as we shall see hereafter, besides the inference 
drawn from the language of a certain petition, tV-c. 
we learn that during the fall of 1738, the Rev. John 
Ulrich Giessendanner, Sr., was called to his rest, and 
thus closed his earthly career. 

"The congregations in Orangeburg village and Dis- 
trict now looked about them for another servant of 
the Lord to labor among them in holy things, but the 
prospect of being soon supplied was not very encourag- 
ing. The Ebenezer pastors were the only Lutheran 
ministers in the South at that time, and they could 
not be spared from their arduous work in Georgia, 
and to expect a pastor to be sent them again from the 
Fatherland was attended with niany difficulties. An- 
other plan presented itself to them. The nephew of 
their first pastor, who had prepared himself for the 
ministry, was induced to seek ordination at the hands 
of some Protestant denomination, and take upon him- 
self the charge of these vacant congregations in the 
place of his departed uncle. 

"From the records of the Orangeburg Church we 
learn that their second pastor was also named John 
Ulrich Giessendanner, but he soon afterwards dropped 
his middle name, probably to distinguish him from his 
uncle, and so is he named in all the histories of South 
Carolina, which give any account of him.* 

"Difficulties and sore trials soon attended Rev. John 



*Tt ajipo.'irs from tlie Geniinii ])(>rti(in of the record hook tluit In- 
siijiK'd liiiHMC'lf in some phu-es ".lolui Firiek (Jiesseiidnimer" and in 
otiiers "TIrick (liesseiidiimier", niid if was not until he returned from 
England that lie iiivarial>ly signed himself ".loliii (iiessendannei'." 
See also Daleho, p. 888. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 49 

Giessendannet's ministry; the Urlsperger Reports 
state, in vol. iii. p. 1079, that the town of Orangeburg 
was then, A. D. 1741, in a worse condition than Purys- 
burg; that the people were leading very sinful lives, 
manifesting no traces of piety, and that between iDas- 
tor and hearers there were constant misunderstand- 
ings. It is also stated that their lauds were fertile, 
but. as they were far removed from Charleston, and 
had no communication with that city by water, thej* 
could not convert their produce into money, and on 
this acconnt very little or no money was found among 
them. Di". Hazelius likewise gives an unfavorable ac- 
count of the state of religion in that communit}^ On 
p. 64. he remarks: 'From one circumstance mention- 
ed with particular reference to that congregation, we 
have to infei* that the spiritual state of that church 
was by no means pleasing. A Mr. Kieffer, a Salzburg 
emigrant and member of the Ebenezer congregation, 
was living on the Carolina side of the Savannah River, 
whose mother-in-law resided at Orangeburg, whom he 
occasionally visited. On one occasion he remarked, 
after his retura, to his minister. Pastor Bolzius, that 
the people at Orangeburg were manifesting no hunger 
and thirst after the word of God; he was therefore 
anxious that his mother-in-law should remove to his 
plantation, so that she might enjoy the opportunity of 
attending to the preaching of the word of God. which 
she greatly desired.' All this testimony, though in 
the main correct, needs, however, some explanation, 
and by referring to the Journals of Council for this 
province, in the office of the Secretary of State, we 
will soon discover the cause of such a state of things. 
The people had been but sparingly supplied with the 
preached word, the discipline of the Church had not 
been properly administei'ed, and when the younger 
(liessendanner took charge of these congregations, 



50 THE HISTORY OF 

and attempted to regulate matters a little, wiiilst the 
majority of the people sustained him in his efforts, a 
minority, who were rude and godless, became his bit- 
ter enemies, and were constantly at variance with 
him. 

"This condition of Church affairs opened the way 
for the Zauberbithler difficulties, which are very min- 
utely described in the .lournals of Council of the 
Province of South Carolina, vol. 10, page 395, d seq.: 
the main facts of this troublesome affair were the fol- 
lowing: 

"During the year 1743, a Swiss minister of the gos- 
pel, formerly located along the Savannah River, at 
New Windsor, Purysburg, and other places, named 
Bartholomew Zauberbuhler, very adroitly attempted 
to displace the Rev. John Giessendanner from his 
charge in Orangeburg, and make himself the pastor of 
those churches. He supposed that by becoming an 
ordained minister of the Episcopal Church, at that 
time the established church in the Province, he would 
have rights superior to the humble Lutheran pastor 
in charge at Orangeburg, and, as he supposed, have 
the law on his side in thus becoming the pastor hiui- 
self. The records of his evil designs, which have long- 
slumbered in oblivion in manuscript form on the 
shelves of the Statehouse at Columbia, are now 
brought to view, and read as follows: 

" 'Nov. 9th, 1742. Read the petition of Rev. 11 Zaii- 
berbiihler, showing that as there were a great many 
Germans at Orangeburg, Santee, and thereabouts, 
who ai'e very desirous of having the woixl of (lod 
preached to them and their children, and wdio desire to 
be instructed in the true religion, humbly prays: That 
he may be sent to serve them and to be sui>[><)j-t(Ml 
with a competent salary until he shall be able to take 
a voyage to England to be ordained by the Rishop of 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 51 

London, and at the same time proposes to bring- over 
with hiai a number of Germans, which he thinks may 
be as great a number as ever were bi-ought at any 
time into this province, it being a great encourage- 
ment to them when they find that they may have the 
(lospel. not only on their voyage, but also after their 
arrival in this province, preached to them, <S:c, 

"'Upon reading the said petition, it was the opinion 
of His Majesty's Council, that providing the petition- 
er do produce a certificate from the inhabitants of 
Orangeburg, as also a certificate from ye Ecclesiasti- 
cal Commissary, Mr. Garden, of his qualifications to 
receive orders in the Church of England, and his en- 
gaging to go home to London to receive ordination, 
and after that to go to Germany to procure others of 
his countrymen to come over to settle in this province, 
that the sum of five hundred pounds currency be ad- 
vanced him out of the township fund, in order to en- 
able him to perform the same.' 

"Journals of Council, vol. xi, pp. 74-76. Under 
date of Feb. 13th. 1748-44: 'Recon.sidered the petition 
of Rev. Mr. Zauberbiihler, which had been exhibited 
at this Board on the 10th day of November, 1743, 
praying that in consideration of the earnest desire of 
the inhabitants of Orangeburg, Santee, to have a per- 
son to preach the gospel to them in their own lan- 
guage, he is willing to perform that pastoral duty, 
but being as yet unordained, desires to be supported 
with a competent salary until he shall be able to take 
a voyage to England to be ordained, at which time he 
proposes to bring over a numbei' of foreign Protes- 
tants to settle in this province, who are unwilling to 
come over for want of having the gospel preached to 
them in their voyage here. Whereupon it appearing 
l)y a former minute of Council, of the lOth of Nt)vem- 
ber last, that provided the petitioner shall produce a 



52 THE HISTORY OF 

certificate from the inhabitants of Orangeburg of their 
desire to receive him as a preacher amongst them, 
and also a certificate from the Rev. Mr. Garden of his 
qualifications to receive orders, that then the sum of 
£500 current money be advanced him out of the 
township fund, in order to enable him to perform his 
voyage, and bring on the Protestants to settle here as 
he mentions. Whereupon the petitioner produced 
the following certificate from the Rev. Mr. Commis- 
sary Garden: 

" 'South Carolina. 
'''These are to certify whom it may concern, and in 
particular the Rt. Rev. the Lord Bishop of London, 
that the bearer, Bartholomew Zauberbiihler, a native 
of Appenzell in Switzerland, appears to me on credit- 
able testimony to have resided in this Province for 
the space of seven years last past, and during that 
time to have been of good life and behavior as be- 
cometh a candidate for holy orders, «fec., &c., 

"'Signed, Alexander Garden. 

" 'February 13th, 1748.' 

" 'On producing the said certificate his Excellency 
signed an order on the public Treasurer for the sum 
of £500. to be paid him on condition that the Treasur- 
er take his written obligation to repay the said money 
upon his returning and settling in the Province, in 
case he does not bring over the Protestants he men- 
tions.' 

•'The follow^ing counter-petition against Mr. Zauber- 
biihler from the Orangeburg settlers is found in vol. 
xi of Journals of Council, pp. 139 143. and dated 
March (>th, 1743: 

'"Read the humble petition of the German and Eng- 
lish inhal)itants of Orangel)urg hikI the adjoining 
plantations, showing to his Excellency, to whom it is 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 53 

directed, that the petitioners heartily congratulate 
his Excellency on his auspicious ascension to the gov- 
ernment of this Province, hoping that by his judi- 
cious care and power not only their present grievances, 
but likew^ise all other misfortunes may evaporate and 
vanish. And ye said petitioneers humbly beg leave 
to acquaint ye Excellency, that above five years ago. 
the German minister happening to die, Mr, John Gies- 
.sendanner. by the consent and approbation of your 
said German petitioners, went to Charlestown with 
the intention to make his application to the Rev. Mr. 
Alexander Garden, Commissarj^ to admit him into 
holy orders, to preach in German in this township: 
and when the said Mr. John Giessendanner came to 
Charlestown aforesaid, he accidentally met wnth one 
Major Christian Motte, who acquainted him that he 
ought not to trouble the said Rev. Alexander Garden 
with the affair, but to go with him to some certain 
gentlemen, who, if they found him suflBcient, would 
directly give him orders according to his desire; upon 
which the said Mr. John Giessendanner, being then a 
stranger to the English method of proceeding in such 
cases, accompanied the said Major Christian Motte. 
and was by him introduced to an Assembly of the 
Presbytery, who, after examination, presented him 
with orders to preach, which he has since done in 
German constantly for the space of five years to the 
inexpressible satisfaction of the congregation at 
Orangeburg; and about two years ago your said 
English petitioners, being fully sixty miles from any 
other place of divine worship, some of whom had not 
been favored with an opportunity of hearing a sermon 
in the space of seven years, observing the said Mr. 
.lohn Giessendanner to be a man of learning, piety, 
and knowledge in the Holy Scriptures, prevailed with 
him to officiate in pi-eaching once every fortnight in 



54 THE HISTORY OF 

Enp^lish, which he hath since pei-foiiiied very articu- 
late and intelligible to the entire satisfaction of ye 
said English petitioners, and always hehaves himself 
with sobi'iety, honesty, and justice, encouraging virtue 
and reproving vice. 

"'And the said Mr. John (liessendanner lately ob- 
serving great irregularities and disorders being com- 
mitted almost every Sabbath day by some wicked per- 
sons in one part of the township, publicly reprimand- 
ed them for the same, which reproof so exasperated 
them that they threatened to kick the said Mr. John 
Giessendanner out of the church if he offered to preach 
there any more, and have lately sent for one Barthol- 
omew Zauberbilhler, a man who not long ago pretend- 
ed to preach at Savannah town, but, as your said pe- 
titioners are informed, was soon obliged to leave that 
place and a very indecent character behind him. The 
last week he arrived at Orangeburg, and upon the last 
Sabbath, he, the said Bartholomew Zauberbilhler and 
his wicked adherents associated together, and pretend- 
ed that the said Bartholomew Zauberbilhler had 
brought with hirn a power from the Hon. William 
Bull, Esq., late Lieutenant-Governor of this Province, 
his Majesty's Hon. Council, and the Rev. Mr. Alexan- 
der Garden, Commissary, an order to expel the said 
Mr. John Giessendanner from the church, and to 
preach there himself, and some of ye said petitioners 
demanded a sight of his said authority, but he refused 
to produce it, which occasioned great animosities and 
disorders in the congregation, and when the said 
Bartholomew Zauberbtihler niakes his second ap[)ear- 
ance at or near ()rangel)urg, which he declares shall 
be at ye expiration of three weeks, there will certain- 
ly be more disturbance and <*onfusion than before, un- 
less some powerful means be used to obstruct it. 

"'Whereupon your said petitioners most humbly 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 55 

beg that your Excellency will be pleased to interpose 
with your authority, and direct the said Mr. Alexan- 
der Garden, if he hath given or granted any such or- 
ders, to countermand them, and to permit the said 
Mr. John Giessendanner still to officiate for them in 
divine service, free from any further disturbance or 
molestation, &c. 

"'Signed by John Harn, and above forescore more 
subscribers.* 

"'Ordered by Council that the consideration of this 
affair, and of the above petition, and those of Mr. Zau- 
berbiihler, be deferred until Mr. Zauberbiihler's return 
from England, and that ye Clerk acquaint them there- 
with in writing.' 

"Fortunately, however, Mr. Zauberbiihler had not 
yet departed on his journey to England as the Coun- 
cil had supposed, but had been lurking for awhile in 
Orangeburg District, and as soon as he returned to 
Charleston he once more made his appearance upon 
the floor of the Council chamber. 

"Journals of Council, Vol. XI, p. 143: 'Bartholo- 
mew Zauberbiihler, being returned from Orangeburg 
Township, attended his Excellency in Council, and 
laid before him two written certificates from justices 
of ye peace there in his favor, and which were read, 
representing his sobriety and good behavior, where- 
upon Mr. Zauberbiihler was by his Excellency direct- 
ed to wait again on Rev. Mr. Garden, and to learn if 
he has any objections to his receiving orders in Eng- 
land, and to report the same.' 

"Journals of Council. Vol. XI, p. 152: 'Bartholomew^ 
Zauberbiihler attended his Excellency, the Governor, 
in Council, according to order, whom the Governor 
gave to understand that he had not acted well in the 

•All efforts to find the oriyiiuil of this i)etiti(tii, w itii the iiiiiiies .i))- 
IH'iided, have heeii misuecessfnl. 



56 THE HISTORY OF 

exhibiting a certificate from the Township of Orange- 
burg, read at this Board on November 13th. 1742. see- 
ing that under the notion of having an invitation to 
the ministry by the majority of that Township, there 
was, on the contrary, a later memorial laid before the 
Board, signed by near ninety of the inhabitants, and 
by far the majority of the Township, praying that Mi-. 
Giessendanner, their present minister, might be con- 
tinued to preach among them, and that Mr, Zaul)ei'- 
biihler's going to preach in the said Township, and his 
design to be settled there as a minister, was not by 
their desire, on the contrary, had occasioned no small 
disturbance in the said Township. That his proceed- 
ings with the Lieutenant-Ciovernor and Council in ye 
said affair had not been with that candor that might 
have been expected from one who designed to take on 
him holy orders, and that, therefore, he ought to be 
contented with at least one-half of what had been 
paid him by ye Treasurer, and return the other £250, 
or, at any rate, to procure a joint se(Hirity of one re- 
siding in Charlestovvn that he would return the mone}' 
in case he did not bring over the Protestants men- 
tioned, but that if he did bring them over the whole 
£500 should be allowed him; whereupon Mr. Zauber- 
biihler withdrew.' 

"After this action of the Governor and Council we 
read nothing more of Mr. Zauberbiihler in the .Journals 
of Council, and the Rev. John Giessendanner w-as per- 
mitted to continue his labor as pastor in Orangeburg 
without further molestation. 

''The historical facts deduced from the above State 
papers are the following: 

"That the Rev. John Ulrick Ciiessendanner, Sr.. who 
w^as the first pastor at Orangeburg, depai'ted this life 
during the close of the year 178S, having labored there 
but little more than one year. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 57 

"That his nephew, the Rev. John Giessendanner, 
became his successor some time during the year 1739, 
and that he was *a man of learning, piety, and knowl- 
edge in the Holy Scriptures"; he was probably educa- 
ted for the ministry, but left Europe before he had 
been ordained; that, although a Lutheran in his re- 
ligious persuasion, as we learn from other documents, 
he applied for ordination at the hands of any Protest- 
ant ministry who were empowered to impart the de- 
sired authority, there being at that time no Lutheran 
Synod in all the American colonies. That he was or- 
dained by the Charleston Presbytery is certain, but 
that he was not a Presbyterian in faith is evident also, 
else he would not have endeavored first to obtain or- 
dination at the hands of the Protestant Episcopal au- 
thority, and only (dianged his purpose of becoming 
Episcopally ordained at the suggestions of Major Chris- 
tian Motte. and doubtless to avoid an expensive and 
wearisome voyage to Europe, which he would have 
been obliged to undei'take had he insisted upon ob- 
taining the requisite authority to preach the gospel 
and administer the sacraments eithei- in the Lutheran 
or Episcopal Church. 

"That the first Orangeluirg Church must have been 
built some time before the aljove-mentioned petition 
was written, A. D. 1743, as it is therein spoken of. as 
being then in existence. 

"That Rev. John Oie^sendanner lal)()red faithfully 
as a good servant of his Master, even Ininging enmity 
upon himself for reproving vice; likewise, that he 
preached in the (lerman and English laiiguages. 

"That the counti-y in the vacinity of Orangeburg 
must have been sadly deficient at that time in the en- 
joyment of the usual means of grace, as many persons 
were living sixty miles fi-oni any other church, some 
having not heard a seiiiioii [)reached for seven years; 



58 THE HISTORY OF 

need we wonder at the irregularities in faith and con- 
duct manifested in those days. 

"That Rev. (Hessendanner must have had a consid- 
erable congregation, inasmuch as the petition drawn 
up in his defence was signed by nearly ninety male 
persons, who were either all members of his congre- 
gation, or mostly so, and the remainder his friends 
and adherents. 

"That Rev. Bartholomew Zanberbiihler must have 
sadly degenerated in the latter period of his ministe- 
rial life, as the Ebenezer pastors give us a very favor- 
able account of him several years previous in the Url- 
sperger Reports, wdien he first came to this country. 

"Rev. Giessendanner was affectionately remember- 
ed by the Church in Europe. Rev. Bolzius, in the I^rl- 
sperger Reports, Vol. Ill, p. 875, states: '1 also wrote 
a letter to-day to young Mr. Giessendanner, the pres- 
ent minister in Orangeburg, informing him that a do- 
nation of about nine guilders had been collected for 
him in Switzerland, of which a respectable merchant 
in Zurich writes, that as old Mr. Giessendanner had 
died, this amount should be paid over to his nephew- 
Also, that we will send him, as soon as possible, those 
books collected for him in Switzerland, which are 
sent in the chest for us, and which has not yet ar- 
rived. 

'•'T would have been pleased to have sent him this 
money sooner had any safe opportunity presented it- 
self. T entreated him, likewise, to write to me occa- 
sionally, and inform me of the transactions of the de- 
parted (liessendanner. which may be of great service 
to him.' 

"The name (liossendiinner occurs in several other 
[)aragra})hs of the sam<' iiejiorts. but only in connec- 
tion with the books and nmiioy above-mentioned; but 
nothing further is said conccining himself and his 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 



59 



ministry, or that of his predecessor. He was probably 
prevented i'roni imparting the desired information on 
account of the want of connnnnication between Eben- 
ezer and Orany;eburg. 

''Rev. John Oiessendanner labored ten years as a 
Lutheran minister, after whi(di. in 1749, he went to 
London to receive Episcopal onlinatioli* at the hands 
of Kev. Dr. Sherlock.! Bishop of London. The rea- 
sons for making this change in his Church relation- 
ship are not known; however, it is presumable that, 
as he was then the only Lutheran pastor in South 
Carolina, he preferred to enjoy a more intimate con- 
nection with some ministerial organization than the 
one that was then afforded him in the bosom of his 
own Chundi; and although the Ebenezer pastors were 
also then laboring in the South, nevertheless they 
were somewhat distantly removed from him, and 
dwelling in another Province. He doubtless also had 
his fears that some other Zauberbiihler difficulty 
might hai'ass him again, and thus, by taking this step. 
he would have all legal preferences in his favor, as the 
Chundi of England was then virtually the established 
Church of the Province. 

"'He was united in marriage to Miss Barbara Hug. 
and became the father of several children, one of 
wdiom, a son named Henry, born duly 8d, 1742, was 
still living in 182(1 as he is mentioned in 'Mills' Sta- 
tistics;' and his widow spent the (dose of her life with 
one of tier (diildren residing in Ceorgia. 

"Henry (liessendanner was married to Miss Elizabeth 
Humpf. Febriiary 25th, 1707; he I'ecorded the birth of 
but one child, Elizabeth, in his father's (diurch-l)ook. 

■•Ordniiicd Dcjicoii Auu. 27, jiiid I'licst St-pt. 1'4, 174!!. — DaU-lio, i*. 

tCii'ii. 1). F. Jamison oiuv liad i\ luaycr hook tlial Dr. Sherlock had 
l)ivs('iitc'd to lU'V. Mr. (Jiossc'iidaiiiKT. 



GO THE HISTORY OF 

though he may have had more children, whose name? 
were not entered there. This record-hook likewise in- 
forms us that Rev. John Giessendanner had a hrother 
^ and sister living in Orangeburg, named George and 
I Elizaheth (afterwards married to a Mr. Krieh), and 
that the whole family were natives of Switzerland: 
hence also the money sent llev. Giessendanner came 
from this country, as mentioned in the Urlsperger 
Reports. This concludes the history of the Giessen- 
danner family, as far as it is necessary for our purpose, 
and until recently it was not know^n that these two 
pastors were the first Lutheran ministers that labored 
in South Carolina — even their very names had become 
almost obliterated in the annals of the Lutheran 
Church. Dr. Dalcho yet adds this information, that 
Rev. John Giessendanner departed this life during the 
year 1761.* 

"The Orangeburg settlers at first clustered together 
near the banks of the Edisto River, and built their 
dwellings near each other in the form of a small tow^n. 
supposing that the adjacent stieam would be advan- 
tageous in forming an outlet for them to Charleston, 
in the transportation of lumber to market. A year 
later other German emigrants arrived, who located 
themselves on lands adjoining their predecessorvS, and 
thus this tide of immigration continued until the en- 
tire district became mostly colonized with German 
and Swiss emigrants. The present town of Orange- 
burg is located very near the spot where this original 
German village once stood. In this village the first 
[jutheran church in the Carolinas was erected,}- and 

"His will is(lntf<l Maic-li o, 17(51; probated .July :!4, IWl.— Proluitt- 
Court Records, Cliarlestoii County, p. 124. 

+Tlu' late Mr. .loll n I^ucas doulited that Rev . .lolin (iiesseridauiier 
iiad a eliurch litiiidinii before iio in, li to Ktif-Iand, l>ut was of opinion 
that the C'onjirefiation l)a<l some plaee of assembly. The ree<ird hook 
does not say, l>ul I think the «videnee is sO-onji the other way. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 61 

there also the first. Lutheran pastor of this congrega- 
tion lived and died; his nephew and successor, as is 
supposed by some of the present inhabitants, had his 
home several miles from the village, where he died 
and was buried.* 

"Some half a mile from the centre of the present 
town of Orangeburg and towards the Edisto River 
there is a graveyard, which presents the appearance 
of having been a long time in use for the interment of 
the dead, and where the entombed generations. of the 
present day are silently slumbering with those of the 
past. It is still styled 'the old (jnincjiard' although 
there are many new-made graves to be seen in it: and 
here, doubtless, repose the remains of the first Luther- 
an pastor in the Carolinas. 

"During the evening twilight of autumn the writer 
visited this hallow^ed spot, in order to commune with 
the dead; the seai'ed and faded leaves of October over- 
hanging his head or rustling beneath his feet; the pe- 
culiar sighing sound of the winds of autumn, passing 
through the foliage of the Southern long-leaved ,pine 
trees, produced Nature's sad and fitting requiem for 
the dead. He sought for records of the past upon 
some dilapidated tombstone, but his search was un- 
availing, and, like the fallen leaves of many years 
pasl, even these mementos of a former age were no 
longer visible. 

"What lessons of the vanity of all human greatness. 
namely: the power of wealth, the pride of family, t\w 
pleasures and gayeties of life! All end at last in the 
grave — all alike blend in oiie common dust. 

"Aj'onnd this place, with the old chiu'ch edifice very 
near it. the former village stood: they are both thus 

*Mr. Lucas said liis wife was also l)iiri«-(l there, Ixit it is more likely 
that she was hmied in (ieoiiiia, where Dr. Ileniheini says she "spent 
the close of her life". 



62 THE HISTORY OF 

described by a correspondent: 'The OrangeI)iir<? cimrcb 
was built of wood and clay, in much the same manner 
as chimneys are when made of clay: the old grave- 
yar<l is still used as a burial-j^round common to all: 
and tlie site of the church is still plainly seen — it is in 
the village, and was at that day in the centre of it. I 
have learned this likewise from an old gentleman who 
remembers hearing his father saying this as above. It 
fell to ruins at the time of the Revolution: but the 
spot has never been built upon since that day, and 
is now known as 'the old churchyard.' This church 
was the one used by the Rev. John Giessendanner as 
an Episcopal church, and no doubt used likewise bj' 
him at first as a Lutheran church: its dimensions 
were — say thirty by fifty feet.' 

''The time when the old church edifice was erected 
is now no longer known, and can only be a matter of 
conjecture: however, it is possible that this event oc- 
curred during the elder Giessendanner's ministry — the 
records do not positively state this to have been the 
case, nevertheless several indications are given which 
make it very probable that this was the time. 

"It became changed into an Episcopal house of wor- 
ship in 1749. when the pastor, the younger (Jiessen- 
danner, took orders in the Church of England, as he 
continued to labor there to the close of his life. At 
the time this change was effected, the congregation 
numbered 107 communicants, and on Whitsunday fol- 
lowing 21 persons more were admitted to the Loid's 
Supper. 

''In concluding the history of this congregation, we 
would simply add. that after Rev. (liessendanner's 
death nothing further is known concerning it until 
176S. when a new Episcopal chapel was ordered to be 
erected, and the Rev. Paul Tunjuand ]>reached there 
in connection with another coni>re<T;ition. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 63 

'^During the Revolutionary War, Rev. Turquand 
was absent,"^ and labored in tbe valley of the Missis- 
sippi, but returned in 1788, when he resumed his la- 
bors in Orangeburg, and died the following year: 
since then no trace is left of the history of the church 
and its congregation. 

"The pieseut Episco[)al Church in the town of 
Orangeburg is of recent organization, and their house 
of worship is comparatively new, indicating that the 
old church edifice, the still later erected chapel, and 
the former congregation have long since become en- 
tirely extinct. 

'*The existing Lutheran church and congregation in 
Orangeburg are of a still more recent date; both the 
organization and church edifice have no historical 
connection with the past, made up of material in 
membership who have })ecome citizens of the place 
not many years ago." 

It is evident, from an inspection of tlie Giessendan- 
ner record, that Rev. Mr. (nessendanner regular served 
the townships of Orangeburgh and Amelia, after his 
return from England, as Episcopal minister, and that 
he also held services occasionally in Saxe-Gotha 
Township. In Saxe-iiotha he usually held services at 
the house of Mrs. Elizabetl) Haig, afterwards Mrs. 
Elizabeth Mercier. From 1741) to 175() the services for 
Amelia Townshi[) were held at the houses of Mrs. 
Mary Russell, William Martin, Moses Thomson, Capt. 
William Heatly, Ann and Charles Russell. In 1757 
the services were held in a (diapel, which had proba- 
bly just been built, and the late Mr. Lucas wrote: 'T 
am under the impression that Amelia Chapel was in 
the neighborhood of the above persons* habitations 
for we see that no service was hehl in any of their 

"■•He \v;is licrc diiriim ;i p.-irt of tlic time, ;is will lie shown hitcr. 



64 THE HISTORY OF 

houses after the Chapel was built." It seems that 
after the erection of St. Matthew's Parish in 1765, and 
the subsequent employment, in 1766, of Rev. Paul 
Turquand as minister of the Parish, that this chapel 
went by the name of '*the old church." (Minutes of 
the Vestry, 1767.) At a later date another chapel was 
built in Amelia Township* near Mr. Campbell's and 
still later another was built at "Bellville," the planta- 
tion of the Thomsons.! 

The late Mr. John Lucas made extensive researches 
into the history of the old church and grave-yard 
above referred to by Dr. Bernheim, and as what he 
has written on the subject will be of interest to many. 
I will h re give it: 

"The original plan of Orangeburg:^ shows that the 
old grave-yard, now known as the village grave yard, 
and used as such by all denominations in common for 
both white and black without leave or hindrance, be- 
ing free to all, was at the time the original plat was 
made, then known as the church yard, and as such 
was so marked on the plat. 

"This said old grave yard now in use and correspond- 
ing as to situation as per plat annexed is situated on 
the East side of the Bull Swamp Road, North of the 
street marked as Russell Street on plat, which is the 

*"Agret'd thiit the Kt-vd. Mr. Tur((iuiii(l provide a Folio iiible & ;i 
Conmioii Prayer Book for the use of the C'liappel". — IMiiuiles of Ves- 
try, July (i, 1769. 

f'Afrreed that a chappel be built at Belvelle that tlie old chureli 
neer half way s\vain]i be rep^ured Also the Ciiappel neer Campbells 
l)e rei>air'd that Subscriptions be made for each respectively and 
tiiat service be perforni'd in each alternately". — Miiuitesof Vestry, 
April ITth, 17S(i. 

:i;Mr. Sanniel 1'. .Jones iuid a cojty of tliis plan made from the orif>i- 
iial in the oflice of the .Secretary of State, from this Judge Cllover made 
a copy and fro?n .Judge (ilovir's copy Mr. Lucas made a copy which 
is now in tiie record Ixiok of tlu' Church of tiie Iledeemer in Orange- 
tnu'tr. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 65 

same street as that on which the present brick Court 
House now stands say feet. There is a lot be- 
tween the grave yard and the Bull Swamp Road* 
which corresponds with the space marked for public 
square. This said lot is now owned by the Town 
Council of Orangeburg. 

"The old Court House of wood and jail of brick oc- 
cupied the second square North of the said street on 
which the new Court House now stands. The jail was 
destroyed & another, built.f The Court House still 
stands having had many changes and uses. First as a 
church for first one and then another denomination, a 
masonic Lodge, black-smiths's shop, and it is at this 
present time in good order and repair, & is owned and 
used as a residence by Mr. John Marchant. This said 
square (C. H. «S: Jail) is on the West side of the Bull 
Swamp Koad or street known on map as Broughton 
street. There is no other grave yard nor has there 
been any other known in this village except this one 
& those recently opened by the Methodist ch., Luther- 
an, & Baptist and not as yet used for burials.;]: The 
Catholic, Presbyterian & this Episcopal Church of the 
the Redeemer has grounds in use not older than 10 to 
12 years. 

"Tradition, as well as facts, has marked this old vil- 
lage grave yard as the grave yard and the spot on 
which stood the Prot. Epc. Church known in the Book 
of Record of the Revd Jno. Giessendanner as the 
Church & Churchyard of Orangeburgh and in which 
he officiated. 

"There is a mound of earth on the South end which 



""'Which lot has siiicv lnvn (111t'<l with j>Tavt.'8, mostly of iiffrrcK's. 
tUpoii tlu' site wheiv tho First Baptist Church now stands. 
tThc Methodist and Lutheran churcli-yanls were never use<l as hu- 
rial <« rounds. 



66 THE HISTORY OF 

marks the spot on which the church stood. Many old 
persons recollect hearing this called the Episcopal 
Church yd. & show this mound as the spot on which 
the church stood. Mr. Peter Rowe, an old gentleman 
near 86 years old, says he remembers his father's 
pointing out this yard & mound as the Chuich & 
church-yard of this Book of Record by Jno. Giessen- 
danner's church, and said it was built of wood »fc clay 
in same manner as chimnies are done. I, J. Lucas, 
have examined the foundation & think it must have 
been built in some such manner as described, as no 
signs of brick I found, & should think it to be about 
30 by 60 feet. The mound I cannot account for ex- 
cept it must have been used as a raised earth floor 
having some sort of foundation to keep in the earth 
so raised. Dr. W^} Rowe remembers his grandfather 

Jacob Rickenbaker aged years & now dead 

years to say that this was the Episcopal church «^' 
church yard as per Book of Record. He also remem- 
bers & so does Capt. John C. Rowe and also D. Rowe 
a bell which belonged to this Church of Giessendan- 
ner to be in possession of their grandfather & father 
also. From them and through the Rev. Dr. J. W. 
Tayler I learn that this bell was borrowed from Mi'. 

Rowe by Mr. Wm. Murrowe who kept a hotel 

for use therein. Mrs. Caroline Gramling. formerly 
his* widow says Mr. Edward Spencer who married her 
sister's daughter got it from her first husband and 
hung it in a window at the Methodist Church from 
which it fell and was broken so as to be useless. It 
lay for many years where it fell. Mr. James Harley 
remembers seeing it so lying in a broken condition iV: 
thinks it was made away with by a blacksmith. Mrs. 
(iramling (maiden name Stroma n.) says she remem- 

"Mr. MuiTowo's. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY, 67 

beis that the said grave yard was the Episcopal church 
3'ard and that it went' by that name. Her father told 
her the bell was never hung owing to a brake in the 
holding part or head. 

''Mrs, J. W, Taylor, an old lady, wife of the Rev. J. 
W. Tayloi', remembers that this ground w^as known as 
the Episcopal churchyard. Her family was Episcopal. 
There are relics of the former Episcopal Church in the 
shape of Prayer books. &c. Mrs. Arant, an old lady, 
now living has her mother's Prayer book. (Engll). 
The said Mrs. Arant was born in 1776 & was baptized 
in the Protestant Episcopal Church. Mr. & Mrs. Chris- 
topher Rowe were her sponsors. Mr. Donald Rowe 
and also his brother, Capt. J no. C. Rowe, remember 
hearing their grandfather Jacob Rickenbacker say that 
this was the gi-ave yard and the spot on which was 
built the Episcopal Church of this Record of the Rev*^ 
J. Giessendanner. The said Jacob Rickenbacker was 
the son of the first Rickenbacker that came to this 
country from Germany. The lands owned by their 
fathers are still in the possession of the Rowe family, 
situated by and near this village in which the family 
live as their fathers did before them. Other families 
are still living in and on the same places as their fore- 
fathers before the Revolution. This district was 
changed but slightly in many instance.^ of family 
names & residences. 

"In tlie grave yard of Orangeburgh Church of this 
Record as above were buried Michael Christopher 
Rowe and his wife and many of his family after him. 
Mr. Peter Kowe has also informed me that he remem- 
bers the bell mentioned before, and that he was born 
before Michael Chi'istopher Rowe died and that nuni- 
l)ers of the members of families still continue to use 
this grave yard as the place for family burials k as the 
ancient phice of rest of their forefathers. 



()S THE HISTORY OF 

"The Revd J. W. Taylor of the Protestant Episco- 
pal Church, and assistant minister of this Church of 
the Redeemer in Orangeburg-, was buried in this old 
village church yard. His obituary was written by the 
Rev. D. X. Lafar, of the Presbyterian Church, and who 
for some time was the Paster of the Presbyterian 
Church of Orangeburg, in which he calls the grave 
yard 'The Old Church Yard.' 

"Capt V. de V. Jamison, a brother of Genl D. F. 
Jamison, said to me that his brother, Gen'l D. F. Jami- 
son, had, & and perhaps still has, in his possession a 
prayer book belonging to the late Revd John Giessen- 
danner which was presented to him by the Bishop of 
London, 

"The Amelia Chapel, it is believed, was situated 
somewhere near the plantation of Mrs. Mary Russell. 
Its exact location may be yet discovered. The Chapel 
ordered to be built by an act passed April 12, 1768, 
(See Dalcho's Church History) in that part of the 
Parish called Orangeburg Township was never built, 
no evidence remains that it was.* 

"From the close of Dalcho's History service Episco- 
pal was very seldom held here & few and far between 
until about the year 1848, at which time Rev. R. D. 
Shindler became a missionary at this place & resided 
in this village. * * * n; * * * 

'■•Tliere is very strong evidence that it w;is huilt. Frojii tlie niimites 
of the vestry of St. Matthew's Parisli \ve learn that at a meeting of the 
vestry and wardens iiehl at tlie parish ehureii, Oetoher 10, 177(1, it was 
"agreed tliat wlien Mr. Tunjiiand receives tliealnive lie do purchasi- 
a Folio liihle & (|uarto eonnnon Prayer Book for tlie use of the ehap- 
|>el at Orangehurgh". And Mr. Lneas hinisi'If stated that Mrs. Arant 
had a prayer hook used by her inotiier at Orangehurgh, and tliat Mrs. 
.\rant herself was baptized in the Protestant Episcopal ('lunch, and 
that she was born in 1770; which was eight years after 17(iS. Again, 
my grandmother, Mrs. A. S. Salley, tells me that she remembers a 
part of an old church stan<ling in the old cliurch yard when she was 
a small girl, which was about is;^"). 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 69 

"John Lucas, Sec. & Treas, of the Church of the Re- 
deemer, Octo. 31, 1806." 

It is singular how much the descendants of the first 
settlers of Orangeburg have neglected this old grave 
yard in which the bones of their ancestors lie buried, 
and in which stood the first Lutheran church in the 
Carolinas, and likewise the first Episcopal church in 
Orangeburg, and in which also stood the Episcopal 
rhapel that succeeded the old church. As an instance 
of this indifference, it is related by Ex-Governor Perry 
in his ''Sketches," p. 113, that when Hon. A. P. Butler 
was a young man he went to Orangeburg with an idea 
of locating there. He put up at a little tavern, and 
finding it quite chilly, he ordered the negro boy who 
waited in the house to bring him some lightwood. 
The boy went out and in a few minutes returned with 
an armful of grave markers. "Where did you get 
those?", asked Mr. Butler. "Pull 'em up out de grave 
yahd", answered the negro. Mr. Butler thereupon 
decided that he would not locate among people who 
had so little reverence for the dead, and went else- 
where. 

Section 3. The settleme)tt of Saxe-Gotha; the rondtflon 
of the settler.s; their spiritual adviintages and dimd- 
vantages. 

When Orangeburgh District was formed in 176S 
Saxe-ftotha Township, now Lexington County, was 
included in that district: so that in giving the history 
of Orangeburgh District it is proper to include the his- 
tory of Saxe-Gotha Township up to the time when it 
was separated from Orangeburgh District Mud was in- 
cluded in Lexington District. 

In 173^), it will be renjembered. eleven tovvnshi})s 
were laid off on the banks of rivers in South Carolina. 



70 THE HISTORY OF 

and of these eleven townships two were laid off on 
the Santee. Or, more propeily, on the Congaree, a 
branch of the Santee, and the Santee. These were 
Amelia and the township which up to 1736 was called 
Congaree Township, but which in that year was called 
Saxe-Gotha by Governor Broughton. 

It is possible that there were a few unsettled traders 
and members of the- former garrisons of the Congaree 
fort settled in this township previous to 1736. The 
following account of the settling of Saxe-Gotha Town- 
ship is taken from Rev. C L). Beriiheim's History of 
the German Settlements in the Carolinas; Section 11: 
(p. 126.) 

"In Mills' Statistics of South Carolina, page 611, we 
have the following statement in reference to Lexing- 
ton District (now County): 'This District, when first 
settle'l, was merged in Orangeburg precincts. A parish 
and township were laid out in about the year 1750. 
and named Saxe-Gotha, in compliment to the first 
settlers of the country, who came from that part of 
Germany.' 

"An entirely different statefnent may be found on 
pages 25 and 26 of Dr. Hazelius' History of the xAmeri- 
can Lutheran Church; from which we learn that the 
name Saxe-Gotha originated in Queen Anne's time, 
and that the first settlers of that county "came from 
the neighborhood of the Rhine, Baden, and Wiirtem- 
berg,' kingdoms consideiably removed from Saxe- 
Gotha. 

"But from the Journals of Council, in the office of 
the Secretary of the State, the date of the settlement 
of Saxe-iiotlia by Germans is unmistakably fixed to 
be 1737, and that few, if any, of the first settlers of 
that county came from Saxe (Jotha. 

"Council Journal, vol. viii. [>. 611: 'May 26th, 1742. 
— Petition of John Casper (iallier and family, John 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 71 

Casper Clieger and family, John Shalling and family, 
Abraham Gie^er and family, Jacob Liver and family, 
Julius Gredig and family, Caspar Fry and family, Con- 
rad and Caspar Kiintzler (now Kinsler), John Jacob 
Bieman and family, Herrman Gieger and family, Eliz- 
abeth Shalling and family, showing that, as they ar- 
rived and settled in his Majesty's Township of Saxe- 
Gotha, even since the year 1737, and received his 
Majesty's most gracious bounty of provisions and war- 
rants for lands in Saxe-Gotha Township, but that 
they could not find in what office they are, therefore 
they huml)ly pray his Honor, the Lieutenant-Gover- 
nor, and his Majesty's honorable Council, that they 
would be pleased to order that search may be made," 
&c., &c. 

"Again, under date 1744, 'John Jacob Gieger arrived 
seven years ago, is now married, and prays for one 
hundred acres of land over against Santee River, op- 
posite Saxe-Cirotha, where he has already begun to 
clear ground and almost finished a house. Granted'. 
Subtract seven years from 1744, and we have again 
the date 1737, the time of the first settlement of that 
township by Germans. 

''From the above reliable source of information we 
evidently perceive that Mills' statement is entirely in- 
correct, and that Saxe-Gotha Township was laid out 
and received its name long before the year 1750, as it 
is spoken of in the Journals of Council as early as 
1742. as being then a township and known by the 
name Saxe-Gotha, and may have been so called, ac- 
cording to Dr. Hazelius' statement, during Queen 
Anne's time, previous to the year 1714, the time of 
her Majesty's death. However, the Council Journals 
likewise prove the Doctor to have been mistaken in 
stating that these lands were wrested fVom the Ger- 
iHdiis, for thev settled there, and their descendants are 



72 THE HISTORY OF 

there still, occupying the very lands which their fore- 
fathers had received l)y warrant from the king of 
England, showing conclusively that, inasmuch as their 
titles came directly to them fiom the first legal author- 
ity, these lands had not yet passed into other hands. 

"But it is possible that, as in the State of New York, 
the benevolent Queen Anne did make grants of land 
for church and school purposes in Saxe-Gotha Town- 
ship, which, however, could not be occupied at the 
time, as the settlements in South Carolina had then 
not been extended so far inland; the Indians were still 
in possession of that portion of the province, and the 
grants and good intentions of the Queen were eventu- 
ally lost sight of and forgotten. Afterwards, when the 
Germans did actually locate themselves in Saxe-Gotha. 
new w'arrants were issued and secured to them by the 
authority of the then ruling sovereign, his Majesty 
George II. 

"Independent of the actual account and dates of the 
settling of this township, we have before us the gener- 
al rule that 'Westward the star of empire takes its 
way,' and that the farther westward or inland the set- 
tlements were made, the later will be the dates of 
such settlements. This is the result of natural causes, 
and admits of no exceptions to the well-known rule: 
the first settlers of America necessarily located them- 
selves along the seashore, afterwards a little more in- 
land, whilst the aborigines, living in the forest, gradu- 
•d]\y receded from the march of civilization; then fur- 
ther encroaches were niade upon their territory, and 
so on. gradually, until the Appalachian chain of moun- 
tains was reached. After the Revolutionary Wai' even 
the mountains formed no bai-rier to the settlements of 
the whites, and thus, in a short tinu\ nearly all of 
America became populated, even bf^yond the valley of 
the Mississippi. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 73 

''Oningeburg, South Carolina, was settled by Ger- 
mans in 1735; Saxe-Uotlia, further inland, of necessi- 
ty was settled still later; hence common sense will 
admit ot no date of permanei'it settlement earlier than, 
or even as early as, that period of time. 

"Saxe-Gotha comprised nearly all that portion ot 
territory eml)raced at present in Lexington County, 
it is not many years since the name was changed, in 
honor of tlie battle of Lexington. Massachusetts, by an 
act of legislature, which was a most unfortunate ex- 
change of names, being less euphonic, very inappro- 
priate, and altogether unhistorical.* Give us back the 
the old name, and may the citizens of old Saxe-Gotha, 
in South Carolina, never be ashamed of their German 
names and German extraction. 

''How the name originated, as applied to this town- 
ship, it is in)i)ossible to state. It certainly was not so 
called in compliment to the Germans who settled 
there, as they came from a different section of Ger- 
many; it is possible that the name, 'Saxe-Gotha', was 
applied to this scope of territory during Queen Anne's 
reign, as intimated by Dr. Hazelius, and thus, even by 
name, it was to be distinguished as a future home for 
German emigrants. 

"The following record of this settlement is made in 
the Urlspergei Reports, vol. iii, p. 1791: 'Wednesday, 
December 2d. 1741. We had heard nothing before of 
Saxe-Gotha in America, but we have just received the 
intelligence that suidi a town (township) is laid out in 
South Carolina, twenty-five German miles (100 Eng- 
glish miles) from Charlestown. on the road which 
l)asses through Orangeburg, and settled with German 
pef)ple. Doubtless the majority of them were German 
Reformed, as they have a Reformed minister among 
them, with whose character we are not yet acquaint- 

■Nor w MS I lif lioiior v\vv tipprwiated l»y the jK-ople of Massnchiist'tts. 



74 THE HISTORY OF 

ed\ This minister was the Rev. Christian Theus, of 
whom we shall say more hereafter. He comnienced 
his labors in Saxe-Ootha as early as 1730. 

"The Geiger families and their neighbors were not 
compelled to remain a long time as isolated settlers 
in their new homes; the name Saxe -Gotha sounded so 
agreeably familiar to the ears of the Germans that 
they florked in numbers to this Germany in America. 

''Besides, a certain German, named Hans Jacob 
Riemensperger, contracted with the government to 
bring over a number of Swiss settlers, many of whom 
he located in this township, as we learn from Urlsper- 
ger, vol. iii. p. 1808, and from the Journals of Council, 
on several different pages. In addition to these set- 
tlers, this same Riemensperger, in company with a Mr. 
Haeg, brought a number of orphan children to Saxe- 
Gotha, for which service to the province, as well as; 
for the boarding of the children, they brought in their 
accounts to the Council for payment. Vol. viii, pp. 
69 and 70." 

The following extract from the South Caro/iiw Ga- 
zette of November 13th, 1736, should settle the question 
as to how this township got its name, and set at rest 
the differences in statements given by various South 
Carolina historians on this point: 

"His Honour the Lieut:Governour* having been de- 
sired to visit the Townships of Amelia Orangeburgh 
& Saxe-Gotha. so named by liis Honour, k before 
known by the name of Congaree Township, in ordei- 
to settle some Inconveniences complained of by the 
[nhabitants of those Townships, did after the adjourn- 
ment of the Genera] Assembly ^ when the Business 
of the Council was dispatched, set out for the said 
Townships on the 10 October, settling all matters 
to the entire satisfaction of the inhabitants A: re- 

'•'Brounliton. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 75 

turned in good Health to bis !<eat at the Mulberry on 
tbe 3d November." 

As Brougiiton did not become Lieutenant-Governor 
of South Carolina until 1735, the tbeory advanced by 
some historians that the township received its name 
in Queen Anne's time is fallacious. The paragraph 
from the South Carolina Gazette given above should 
settle the point as to how Saxe-Gotha Township got 
its name, but just why Governor Broughton should 
have given it that name is a point yet to be decided. 

Dr. Bernheim, on p. 131 of his history, writing of 
the settlement of Redemptioners, says: "Some of our 
best and most useful settlers in the South were per- 
sons, w^ho, too poor to pay their passage-money across 
the ocean, were sold by the captains of the vessels, 
that brought them to America, to any one of the set- 
tlers who felt inclined to secure their labor. The 
price for which they were sold in Carolina was usually 
from five to six pounds, sterling money, and both men 
and women were thus alike sold to service; and then, 
by hard labor, which extended over a period of from 
three to five years, they eventually redeemed them- 
selves from this species of servitude. 

"The advantages of such an arrangement to them 
and to their adopted colony were, upon the whole, im- 
portant and salutary. 

"1. Our infant colonies stood in need of a useful 
population which would prove a defence to the coun- 
try in case of the execution of the continued threat- 
enings of a Spanish invasion, and the sudden attack 
of hostile Indians. 

"2. Besides, labor was greatly needed for the culti- 
vation of the virgin soil, and these poor Germans — 
many of them excellent farmers, some of them useful 
artisans, and all of them hard-working people — fur- 
nished this labor, and at very cheap rates. 



76 THE HISTORY OF 

"3. The country also needed permanent settlers who 
would become habituated to the soil and climnte, who 
would learn to love their adopted country, by being 
compelled to remain until they had fully tested all the 
advantages of the same; these the Redemptioners 
abundantly supplied in their own persons. 

"4. Nor were the advantages to them of slight im- 
portance. They had nothing to risk in the shape of 
property, as they possessed nothing of this world's 
goods, and thus they never became a prey to those 
landsharks which often despoil the less sagacious im- 
migrants of much of the possessions which they 
brought with them to America. 

"5. Besides, they were the poorer class of people at 
home in Europe, and would always have remained in 
this condition, had such an arrangement not existed: 
but now they enjoyed the flattering prospect of re- 
ceiving competency and wealth at some future day. 

"6. Then again, their servitude became their ap- 
prenticeship in America; in the meantime they learn- 
ed the English language, they became acquainted 
with the laws and customs of the new country, they 
discovered by silent observation what would in future 
be to their advantage, and thus in every w^ay did thej' 
become qualified by sagacity^ industry, and economy, 
for their new and independent sphere of life. 

"Yet it must be confessed that they had to endure 
many hardships; often were they rigously treated by 
their ship captains: ill and insufficiently fed on their 
voyage across the ocean, and on shore before thes 
were purchased for their services; exposed publicly 
for sale as the African slave: often treated harshly by 
their masters who purchased them, and compelled to 
labor in the broiling sun of a southern climate, and 
many, by disease and death. fre(|uently closed their 
short earthlv career. 



OUANGEBURG COUNTY. i ( 

^'However, when our country had become sufficient- 
ly popuhited, the government interposed and put an 
end to this kind of servitude, on account of the severi- 
ty of the lot of these unfortunate laborers, and thus 
abandoned this source of colonization. In confirma- 
tion of these facts, the follov^inj? extracts will furnish 
abundant proof, and are herewith submitted: 

'Mournals of Councils, vol. xiv, p. 37, January 24th, 
1744: *Read the petition of a considerable number of 
Protestant Palatines, most humbly shov^'ing that the 
poor petitioners have been on board the St. Andrew's, 
Captain Brown commander, these twenty-six weeks 
past, and there is as yet no likelihood for them to get 
free of her, because there are none of us yet who have 
purchased their service; they therefore humbly pray 
his Excellency and ^Honors that they may find so 
much favor as to their passages that a sum equivalent 
to discharge the same be raised by the government, 
for which they promise to join in a bond to repay the 
same within the term of three years, with lawful in- 
terest; and that if any of them shall not be able to 
pay the above sum within that time, that the gov- 
ernment in that case shall have full power to dispose 
of them and their families as they shall think proper, 
&c. Ordered to make investigations, and report.' 

"Vol. xiv, pp. 62 and 63: 'Several Protestant Pala- 
tines, who arrived hither on Captain Brown's ship, and 
whose services have not as yet been purchased, sent a 
complaint, by their interpreter, to the governor, that 
the said Captain Brown had often withheld their diet 
from them on board his ship, and that they had been 
several days without meat or drink; particularly that 
last Friday they were the whole day without any, the 
least, sustenance, and had lieen the like for several days 
before, and not only they, but all the rest of the (Jer- 
mans that still remain on board Captain Brown's ship. 



78 THE HISTORY OF 

"'Captain Brown being .sent for and interrogated 
whether he had used those foreigners in the manner 
they had represented, answered, that if they had 
asked him for food in their language he would not 
have understood them. 

"'His Excellency oi'dered the captain's steward to 
be sent for, who attended accordingly, and the origi- 
nal contract between Captain Brow^n and those Pala- 
tines in Holland was also ^^eiit for and laid before the 
Board, which being read and the particular species of 
of diet that was allowed for every day of the week 
specified, his Excellency asked, in particular, if the 
said Germans had been fed last Friday in the manner 
contracted, for? 

" 'The steward replied that the Cermans would 
sometimes reserve the taking of diet on certain days 
in order to have double allowance another. But his 
Excellency gave Captain Brown to understand that as 
he was by virtue of his contract bound to maintain 
those foreigners till they were disposed of, if anj- 
shou'ld die for want while aboard his ship, he must 
answer for their lives; after w4iich they withdrew.' 

"The accounts of the trials and hardships of these 
persons, as narrated in the Urlspergei' Reports, are 
entirely too numerous to be inserted in these pages: 
those who feel inclined to search for themselves aie 
referred to the volume and page of those lieports. 
where they can find all they desire to know concern- 
ing the Redemptioners. Vol. i. p. 10: vol. ii. pp. 2472. 
24S2, 2508. How the Redemptioners conducted them- 
selves can l)e learned from vol. ii, pp. 211)3, 2200, 2218, 
2221. 2404, 2418.^'= 



•■('(>i)i«'s of tlic rrls|H'r<iiT Hf|)()rts cMii he svcii in the lihrMi-y of Ncw- 
licrr\- ColUjii', of ill tiic Astor Lilirnrv, New 'S'()ri< Citv. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 



79 



*'The following extracts indicate that many such 
servants were sold and located in Saxe-Gotha, and 
after their legal discharge from servitude they obtain- 
ed the king's bounty and tracts of land, the same as 
other settlers. 

"Journal of Council, vol. xi, p. 486: 'Petition of 
John Wolfe and wife, natives of Berne, Switzerland, 
too poor to pay passage-money, entered into the ser- 
vice of Anthony Stack, of Saxe-Gotha, for three years, 
being now discharged from service, prays for his quota 
of land and bonnty-money. Granted, on evidence of 
his written legal discharge.' 

"Vol. xi, pp. 142 and 143: 'Fullix Smid, of Switzer- 
land, servant of David Hent, lately deceased, dis- 
charged by his executors, applied for and received 150 
acres of land and bounty in Saxe-Gotha.' 

"It is useless to multiply instances, which could easi- 
ly be done; these extracts will fully show the correct- 
ness of all the foregoing statements, and that Saxe- 
Gotha, with many other settlements, received her full 
share of this class of useful settlers, who proved to 
have been upon the whole a great benefit to their 
adopted country. 

"During the period that intervened between the 
years 1744 aiid 1750, Saxe-Gotha received a large in- 
flux of population, and much of the available land of 
that township was then occupied. The vessel which 
bore them across the ocean was the ship St. Andrew, 
Captain Brown, commander, who doubtless treated his 
paying passengers well, although he acted so unfeel- 
ingly to those who were to be sold for their passage- 
money. Mention is likewise made of a Captain Ham. 
who brought other tilerman settlers to South Carolina, 
but whose passengers chiefly located themselves in 
Orangeburg, whilst others settled in Saxe-Gotha. 

"All these German colonists came mostly from those 



80 THE HISTORY OF 

provinces bordering on the Rhine, such as Switzer- 
land, Baden, the Palatinate, and Wiirtemberg. They 
excelled as tillers of the soil, and were accustomed to 
the culture of the vine, and thus they constituted tlie 
very class of people which did become greatly service- 
able to the prosperity of C'arolina, but whose influence 
upon the physical welfare of their adopted county has 
been as yet little noticed by the various historians of 
the South. 

"The Saxe-Oothans were fortunate and blessed in 
obtaining the services of a pious and faitliful pastor; 
all the records extant speak in the strongest terms of 
praise concerning him, but, at the same time, all agree 
in stating that he had a hard life of it, that he was not 
appreciated, that he was often persecuted for right- 
eousness' sake, and this treatment he received at the 
hands of the very people for w hose good he labored 
and prayed. Two years after the first settlers set foot 
upon the soil of Saxe-Gotha, the Rev, Christian Theus 
arrived and labored in their midst; and as these set- 
tlers were not neglected in the administration of the 
means of grace, which unfortunately was the case 
with many others of the early colonists, they really 
had no excuse for their conduct, and should have 
treated their pastor in the most friendly manner. 

"Dr. Muhlenberg's journal, published in the Evan- 
gelical Review, vol, i. p. 540, contains the following 
statement: 

" 'October 22, 1774. This afternoon I had an accept- 
able visit from the Reformed minister, the Rev. Theus. 
of the Congarees (C'ongaree River), in South Carolina. 
120 miles from Charleston. His brother Theus. a 
painter, lately deceased, received me as a stranger 
most kindly into hi;^ house, when, thirty-two years 
ago, 1 travelled through here on my journey fioni Sa- 
vannah to Philadelphia, and afforded me an opportu- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 81 

nity to preach on Sunday to the then yet few German 
faniilies. The Lord requite his love in eternity! The 
aforesaid pastor, Theus. canie with his parents into 
this countiy from Switzerland as a candidatus theolo- 
(jice, w^as examined and ordained by the Reverend 
English Presbyterian Ministerium, and since 1739 has 
performed the duties of the ministerial office in the 
scattered country congregations among the German 
Reformed and Lutheran inhabitants, and has conduct- 
ed himself with the propriety and fidelity due his sta- 
tion, according to the testimony of capable witnesses. 
We had agreeable conversation, and he promised me 
a written account of church matters in these country 
congregations, which, moreover, he is best able to 
furnish, having lived longest in this country, and being 
an erudite man.' 

"It is to be regretted that this 'irritten accoimf of 
rinnr/f n/fdters\ if Dr. Muhlenberg ever received it, has 
never been published; what interesting material it 
could now furnish the Church, w^iich must forever be 
buried in oblivion! 

"The Doctor continues: 'He also furnished me with 
a more detailed description of the sect mentioned Oc- 
tober 5th, the members living near him. At a certain 
time he came unexpectedly into their meeting, and 
found Jacob Weber contending that he was God, and 
the said Smith Peter (or Peter Schmidt) insisting that 
he himself was Christ, and that the unconverted mem- 
bers must be healed through his stripes. Pastor Theus, 
opposing such blasphemy, the leaders became enraged 
and threatened his life, and couriselled with the rab- 
ble whether to drown or hang him. He escaped, how- 
ever, from their hands, fled to the river, and fortunate- 
ly found a negro with his canoe at the shore, spi-ang 
into it, and was conveyed across.' 

•"Here we have the impartial testimony of L'ev. Dr. 



82 THE HISTORY OF 

Muhlenberg, gathered from 'capable witnesses', of the 
parentage, ordination, date of ministry in Saxe-Gotha, 
piety and learning of the Kev. Christian Thens, up to 
the period immediately preceding the Revolution. 
This brief narrative, coming fi'om such a source, is not 
only entitled to our entire credit, but speaks as much 
of that devoted man of God as though a volume were 
written to perpetuate his name and memory. 

"Rev. Theus lived to be an aged man, for we discov- 
er his name in the list of members of the 'Corpus 
Evangelicum\ and present at every meeting of that 
body until the year 1789,* the last meeting of which 
the records are still extant. How much longer he was 
spared to do good we know not; but from the dates 
which are in our possession, he had at that time been 
half a century in the ministry of his Savior. 

"His resting-place is still pointed out to the stranger, 
and is located in a field along the state road, between 
Columbia and Sandy Run, about eight miles from 
Columbia. It is the only grave that can still be seen 
there, and tradition says that his dwelling was located 
not far from that graveyard. Mr. Abraham Geiger, 
now also in eternity, erected the tombsome, at his 
own expense, at the head of liev. Theus' grave, to 

*This fact seems Mot to have l)een taken eojiiiizance of bv the Pro- 
vincial Assembly in ITW, for on the 27tli of January of that year, an 
Act was passed for paying the ministers of tiie several parishes in 
South Carolina, and in the third section of that Act the following- 
provision occurs: "Whereas, the iniiabitants of the Congrees, and the 
inhabitants of the Waterees, have never had any minister of the gos- 
pel to preach and perform divine service among them, Br It there/on 
reacted by the authority aforesaid, that the public treasurer of this 
Province for the time being shall pay to such minister of the gospel 
of the established church as shall statedly preach and perform divine 
service at Saxegotha, or such other centrical place in the Congrees as 
the commissioners hereinafter named shall direct, and six times a 
year at least, at tlie most populous places within forty miles of the 
same, the sum of seven hundred jjounds current inone.N jier annum". 
—Stats, of S. C, Vol. IV., p. iM. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. b6 

perpetuate his inemory. Had Mr. Geiger not perform- 
ed this labor of love, the church and the world would 
never even have known where the first pastor of Saxe- 
Gotha, the contemporary of Giessendanner, Bolzius 
and Gronau. had been laid down to rest. The inscrip- 
tion is now much defaced by the hand of time, and 
can scarcely be deciphered; nevertheless, we are thank- 
ful for this much, and would wish that we could gath- 
er similar mementoes of the resting places of all of 
the first German ministeris in the South.* The in- 
scription reads as follows: 

"'This stone points out where the remains of Rev. 
Christian Theus lie. This faithful divine labored 
through a long life as a faithful servant in his Master's 
vineyard, and the reward which he received from many 
for his labor was ingratitude.' 

*'Rev. J. B. Anthony, one of the late pastors of San- 
dy Run Lutheran Church, adds yet this information, 
published in the Lutheran Observer. A. D. 1858: 
'Among the octogenarians of this vicinity we have 
not been able to learn much more of Mr. Theus than 
the rude stone,: now standing in a vast cotton-field, 
records. Few now living recollect to have seen him. 
No records of those early times are known to exist.f 
The small school-house, which is said to have stood 
near his grave, has long since disappeared. A few 
other graves are said to be here, but as no stones can 
be found in this sandy section to place at the head and 
foot, lightwood knots are frequently substituted by 
the poor, hence, when these decay, there is nothing 
left to mark the place." 

*The hiirial pliices ot the two (liesst'iidamiers are uiikiiowii. It is, 
liovvever, retisonahle to supi/osc that tlu'V were buried in the old Ei)is- 
eopal ehiircli yard. 

tTlie luinie of Cliristiaii Theus occurs several times in tlie Giessen- 
danner record. 



84 THE HISTORY OF 

''The spiritual and moral condition of the Saxe- 
(rothans is not very highly extolled in the Urlsperger 
Reports. Rev. Bolzius, who gives us the account, 
may have been somewhat prejudiced, inasmuch as his 
Ebenezer colony had lost some runaway white ser- 
vants, who probably concealed themselves in the 
neighborhood of the Congaree River, and in several 
pages of his diary he berates both the Saxe-Gothans 
and the government of South Carolina that they were 
not returned; thus, perhaps, his human feelings were 
too much enlisted on the side of prejudice and inter- 
est whilst speaking of these people. We insert the 
following extract: 

''Urlsperger Reports, vol. iv, p. 672: 'Wednesday. 
April 25, 1750. — The German Evangelical Lutheran 
inhabitants of Congaree, in South Carolina, which 
new settlement has been named Saxe-Gotha, had be- 
sought me, several months ago, to come to them and 
preach for them, and administer the Lord's Supper. 
I sent them books suitable for the edification of adults 
and the instruction of children, and wrote them that 
my circumstances did not permit me to make so long 
a journey. Now I have received another letter, in 
which the former request is renewed, and in which 
they likewise beseech me to assist them in the erec- 
tion of a church and in obtaining a pastor. They 
have a congregation of about 2S0 souls, who could at- 
tend church if the house of worship were erected in 
the midst of their plantations. 

'•'The Reformed have received 500 pounds. Carolina 
currency, from the government, which amounts to 
something moi'e than 500 guilders, for the building of 
a church, but no one is interested for the Lutherans, 
unless I would do something in theii' behalf. They 
live with the Reformed in great disunion, at which 1 
showed my displeasure in my former letter. A few 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 85 

families have removed from this place among them, 
who might have supported themselves very well here: 
afterwards three adult youths were persuaded to leave 
their service here, and two (white) servants ran away, 
all of whom are harhored in the Congaree settlement. 
The citizens themselves, as a Cai-olina minister once 
wrote me, lived disorderly among each other, and es- 
timate their Reformed minister very low. I have no 
heart for this people. If they were truly concerned 
about God's word, then so many unworthy people 
would not have located in their midst, as there are 
other places where good land and subsistence may be 
obtained. 

'"In this very letter they inform me that they have 
built both a saw-mill and a grist-mill, and expect to 
build more of the kind. Why then should they be un- 
able to erect a house of worship if they were sincerely 
in earnest?' 

"The above record in Bolzius' diary, published in 
the Urlsperger Reports, is in strict accordance with 
the testimony of Dr. Hazelius on the Weberites- — 
which sect arose some ten years later, — with Dr. Muhl- 
enberg's account, with the inscription on the tomb- 
stone on Rev. Theus, and with several living witnesses, 
who were contemporaries with many old citizens of a 
former day. whose narratives they still well remem- 
ber. 

"Whilst many of the Saxe-Gothans were not devoid 
of blame, and deserved censure in those days, there 
were others whose life and conduct were praiseworthy, 
and others who were devotedly pious, and who were 
anxious to enjoy the blessings of the means of grace, 
and it is sad that Rev. Bolzius permitted his feelings 
of interest for his own colony to cause him to act so 
unfriendly toward this people, and to send no kind 
wo](l of encouragement to them, when they besought 



8() THE HISTORY OF 

him to visit them and break to their hungry souls the 
bread of life. Who knows what good he might have 
accomplished by a friendly visit? Who knows what 
future evil, e. g., that Weber heresy, he might have 
been the instrument of preventing? Besides all this, 
he, a minister of the Gospel and of like persuasion 
with these people, had no right to withhold his influ- 
ence and sympathy from iwo hioidred and eightif souls, 
(we are surprised at so large a number) who extended 
such a Macedonian call to him, and besought him 
twice to interest himself in their behalf in procuring 
a minister for them, who were almost as sheep with- 
out a shepherd. Who could calculate the influence the 
Lutheran Church would have exerted in those regions, 
had this large congregation been properly cared for, 
and supplied with the means of grace? Besides, had 
Rev. Bolzius been instrumental in securing a pious and 
efficient pastor for them at that early period, and this 
pastor, laboring side by side with Rev. Theus, how 
much that faithful servant's hands would have been 
strengthened, and how^ much good seed might have 
been sown, springing up to everlasting life, v^diich 
would have entirely changed the spiritual and moral 
condition of this people. Deprive men of the Gospel 
and the Sacraments, take away or refuse to give them 
the benign influences of Christianity, and we need not 
be astonished at 'disorderly living' and heresy in doc- 
trine. 

Jji *ri H- -T* -i- 'h -l* •i» '1' 

"The present citizens of old Saxe-Gotha, now Lex- 
ington County, are an entirely different people: their 
forefathers could not prevent unworthy settlers from 
locating themselves among them. Many of those de- 
praved men met an untimely death in the war with 
the Cherokees; a few perished miserably at the hand 
of adniinistrative justice; others were cut off h\ dis- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 87 

ease and an earl 3' death: whilst a number moved to 
other parts of the country. It is exceedingly doubtful 
whether many of those reprobates left their descend- 
ants behind them in Saxe-Gotha, ^s all traces of 
Weber and Schmidt have entirely disappeared. 

"We have seen that Rev. Theus came to the Con- 
garee settlement in the year 1739. In what building 
he first preached is unknown, but arrangernents were 
soon made for the erection of a church. As early as 
1744-5 John Jacob Riemensperger petitioned the gov- 
ernment of South Carolina to do something toward 
the erection of churches and school-houses for the 
German settlers in various localities; otherwise they 
would continue to do what many had done hei-etofore, 
move with their families to Pennsylvania, where all 
these advantages could be enjoyed. That the govern- 
ment entered into such arrangement we have already 
seen from the Urlsperger Reports, for five hundred 
pounds currency was donated for the building of a 
German Reformed Church, w-hich, we presume, had 
been completed at that time, A, D. 1750, and the peo- 
ple were enjoying the means of grace in their new" 
house of worship. Tradition informs us that this Ger- ' 
man church stood near the spot where the remains of 
Rev. Theus are deposited, but it has long since been no 
more. We now turn to an ancient map of South Car- 
olina, originally published in 1771 and 1775. and re- 
cently reprinted in 'Carroll's Collections". Near the 
Congaree River, a short distance below the confluence 
of the Saluda and Bioad Rivers, and in the township 
of Saxe-Gotha. a church is laid down, bearing the 
name St. John's, This substantiates all the above- 
mentioned records and traditions, gives us the exact 
locality of that church, which, in the proper propor- 
tion of distances, would be the very spot where the 
grave of Rev. Theus can still he seen, and fuiiiishes. 



88 THE HISTORY OF 

furthermore, the name by which that church was 
known. This house of God njust have been destroyed 
during the Revolutionary War, as all traces of the 
same after that period appear to have been lost; it is 
not mentioned in the general act of incorporation of 
all the German churches, passed by the legislature of 
South Carolina in 1788. 

"During the years 1759 and 1760. the people of Saxe- 
Gotha suffered greatly from the ravages of the Chero- 
kee war. During the time that the French and Eng- 
lish were at war with each other in the colonies of 
America, which however did not reach as far South as 
the Carolinas; the French instigated the Cherokee In- 
dians to make war upon the peaceful settlers of the 
two Carolinas, who murdered the white inhabitants 
at midnight, whilst they were wrapped in their j^eace- 
ful slumbers, and committed atrocities at which hu- 
manity shudders. The Congaree and Fork settlements 
were then mostly exposed to the fearful inroads of the 
savages, as but few settlers were living further in the 
interior than the Germans were at that time. Bolzi- 
us informs us, that many were compelled to take 
refuge among the Germans at Ebenezer and Savan- 
nah, whilst others fled for safety to Charleston, Purys- 
burg, and other places, until those Indian hostilities 
were ended, and peace and security was again re- 
stored."* 

On pp. 16S-{)9 of his book. Dr. Bernheim makes this 
significant remark: "The Newberry County Germans 



*It appears from certain passages in tlie (iiessendanner record that 
the inhabitants of Oranj>eburg^li Townsliip also liad some fears of In- 
dian ontrages, and that many of them collected toj^ether in forts or 
block-houses; (See baptismal entrys Nos. (ill, (il(>, (517, (i24.) and that 
at least one ({erman citizen of ()ranfie))nrfih Townshij), John Whet- 
stone, .Tr., served in tln' exitedition ajiaiiist the Cherokces. (See No. 
lOo on burial list. ) 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 89 

were mostly all descendants from the original German 
settlers in Saxe-Gotha 'Township, with an occasional 
addition from the German settlements of North Caro- 
lina and Virginia." Dr. Bernheim should have placed 
Orangeburgh Township along with Saxe-Gotha. An 
examination of the Giessendanner record will show 
that many of the names thereon obtain in Newberry 
and Saluda counties to-day. 

During the Revolutionary War many of the Hessian 
hirelings of the British army deserted and became per- 
manent settlers in this country. Dr. Bernheim says, 
p. 174: "Among these Hessian deserters was one who 
afterwards became a Lutheran minister in South Car- 
olina, named John Yost Miitze, known better as Rev. 
•J. Y. Meetze, and whose history was obtained from 
one of his sons. He deserted near Charleston at the 
time the British army was besieging that city from 
the othei- side of Ashley River; he was pursued some 
thirty miles, but finally made his escape over Bacon's 
bridge, where he was safe within the American lines. 
He located himself in Saxe-Gotha Township, now 
Lexington County, six miles above the present county- 
seat, and became the forefather of a large and influ- 
ential family in that section of the country. The fol- 
lowing tablet inscription marks the spot where his 
remains now repose: 

" 'Sacred to the memory of the Rev. J. Y. Meetze, 
who departed this life May 7th, 1833, aged 76 years, 
5 months, and 5 days.'" 

Section 4. The seffkrs of Barnirelf. 

That portion of Orangeburgh District, afterwards 
embraced in Barnwell District, also received a share 
of the German settlers, as Dr. Bernheim says, by the 
breaking up of the Dutch colony on James Island, the 



00 THE HISTORY OF 

gradual absorption of the unsuccessful German and 
Swiss colony at Purysburg, aud the influx of other 
German settlers from Orangeburg County." 

The same section also received many settlers from 
Virginia. In this connection the following extract 
from "Memoirs of Tarleton Brown."" p. 8, will be of in- 
terest: "Flattering inducements being held forth to 
settlers in the rich region of South Carolina contigu- 
ous to the Savannah River, and my uncle, Bartlet 
Brown, having already moved, and settled himself 
two miles above Matthew's Bluff, on the Savannah 
River; my father brought out some negroes, and left 
them with his brother to make a crop: and in 1769. a 
year afterwards, my father and famil3% consisting of 
eleven persons, emigrated to this country and settled 
on Brier's Creek, opposite to Burton's "Ferry. We 
found the country in the vicinity very thinly inhabit- 
ed. Our own shelter for several weeks to protect us 
from the weather was a bark tent, which served for 
our use until we could erect a rude dwelling of logs."' 

General Johnson Hagood is authority for the state- 
ment that Tarleton Brown probably has more de- 
scendants in Barnwell County to-day than any other 
man who ever lived in that county. Among the other 
natives of Virginia, early settled in the same section, 
were the Wriaht and Erwin families. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 91 



CHAPTER II. 

THE GIESSENDANNER RECORD. 

Almost every South Carolina historian who has 
mentioned Orangeburg has spoken of the Giessendan- 
ner Church record-book, but Dr. Bernheiui is the only 
writer who has gone beyond a mere mention of the 
fact that this record-book existed. What Dr. Bern- 
lieim has said of this interesting work has already 
been given in these pages. 

After the death of Rev. John Giessendanner in 1761, 
his son Henry cahie into possession of the book, and a 
fevv^ scattering records were made by him. After his 
death the book fell into the hands of his second wife, 
who, previous to her marriage to Henry Giessendan- 
ner, was the widow Larey; and through her it fell into 
the hands of her son, Daniel Larey. Daniel Larey left 
it to his daughter, Mrs. M. B. Tread well, of Orangeburg. 
Mrs. Treadwell, after keeping it for many years, 
turned it over to the late Mr. John Lucas, Senior 
Warden of the Church of the Redeemer (Episcopal) at 
Orangeburg, and Mr. Lucas, after making a copy of it, 
turned it over to the Diocese of South Carolina, and it 
was deposited in the Episcopal Library in the small 
building in the rear of St. Stephen's Chapel, on Anson 
Street in Charleston. It was there that the M^ritei- 
tirst saw the book, and copied it by permission of Rev. 
A. R, Mitchell, Secretary of the Diocese of South Car- 
olina. Since then Bishop Capers has had the book re- 
turned to Mrs. Treadwell at her request. 

The lK)ok appears to have been an ordinary, but 
substantial, blank book, over which Rev. John Gies- 



92 THE HISTORY OF 

sendanner, or 8ome subsequent keeper of the hook, 
had stretched a raw-hide binding and sewed it on with 
thick, twisted, white chord. It is in a very dihipidated 
condition; some of the pages being torn in half, and 
numerous pages have been lost. 

It is evident that the first Oiessendanner, who began 
to keep the record in the fall of 1737, and kept it un- 
til his death, the latter part of 1738, kept it in a differ- 
ent book; for when his nephew began to keep the re- 
cord in 1739 he says that the record kept by his uncle 
has been copied from the old book into the new, and 
after giving the record kept by his uncle, he begins 
his own record. The record kept by the elder Gies- 
sendanner and most of that kept by the younger be- 
fore his trip to England for ordination was written in 
German, and the records here given for that period 
are from translated notes made by Dr. Bernheim, and 
others, for Mr. Lucas; and possibly some of them were 
made by Henry Giessendanner, as the papers appear 
to be of different ages, (some appeal' to be very old) 
and in different handwritings,* 

The parts, preserved and translated, of those rec- 
ords kept up to the time when the younger Giessen- 
danner went to England are very meagre and scatter- 
ing, but those kept after his return are very complete. 
It is doubtful if there was a church record-book kept 
in the Province at that time, that is as complete. 

The 3'ounger Giessendanner started to keep all of 
the records of marriages, births, and deaths in one 
book and divided the book equally into three parts 
and kept the marriages in the first part, the births in 
the second part and the deaths in the third part. His 
record before his departure for England only covered 



*I hnvo lu'iird tluit Dr. liMchiiiiiri traiislMtcd some (tf tlu' (u'rni:m 
I'words into Kiii>lisli tor Mr. Lm-as. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 93 

a few pages in each part. After his return from Eng- 
land he continued with the record, but the record of 
one part usually took up more than its allotted space, 
so that he would have to run it over a few pages be- 
yond the record of the next part and continue it there- 
from. On this account it requires some patience to 
get the records straight. 

I give the record as nearly like the original as I can, 
with the style of spelling, punctuation and abbrevia- 
tions unchanged. The following is the imperfect 
translation of the incomplete record kept in German 
by Rev. John Ulrick Giessendanner, and by Rev. John 
Giessendanner l)efore his departure for England: 

"Catalogus Conjugatorum. 
"This Book contains the names of all those who 
were Married and Baptized by me in Orangeburgh in 
Public as well as in Private & herein accurately Re- 

"John Ulrick Giessendanner. 
"Minister." 

"Anno 1740. 

"This Book should be carefully preserved that those 
who may wish to know of their family may find it in 
the Book of Record." — John Giessendanner, the young- 
er. Then follows a quotation from Genesis 2 Chap. 18 
v. "And the Lord said it is not good for man to be 
alone 1 will make a help meet for Him": then follows 
anothei' passage from 12S Psalm and another from 
Hebrews 13. 4. 

"Here follows a Register, or List of such persons as 
were married and joined together in matrimony by 
my predecessor cV: Uncle, deceased, and now in Heaven. 
This register is copied from the old Book into this 
new one — word for word accurately— as he wrote and 
kept it.** 



94 THE HISTORY OF 

Anno -1737- 

jstiy. J have on 24 Oct|^ by request of Major Motte — 
& two Englishmen — who are Majors — and at their own 
Risk and Responsibility Married in the house of M^i' 
Price a widow — in the Village of Beystein — a Posses- 
sion of the English Crown. Joseph Russel to Mrs. 
Margaret Russel. Her maiden name was Price. The 
Major read the marriage service in English in my 
presence. 

2^ 3 Novl Was publicly married & joined together 
in Matrimony Simon Sanger to Miss Barbara Strow- 
mann. 

3 ^">' Nov. 15 I John Ulrick Oiessendanner got mar- 
ried — in presence of many witnesses — to my house 
keeper who for 26 years served in our house &: who 
from affection and to escape family troubles followed 
me over the ocean — & to prevent &■ obviate any cause 
offence or scandel I married her. privately. Major 
Motte read the marriage service. May Jesus unite us 
closely in love, as well as all faithful married people, 
and cleanse and unite us with himself. Amen. 

[4] 26Janyl73S Married— Jacob Pruncen to Miss 
Barbara Fusters Lawful daughter of Johannes Fusters. 

[5] 31 Jany 1738 Following Persons married Peter 
Grimmer to Dorothea Huber Lawful daughter of Jo- 
hannes Huber — In Zim merman ns Daughters house. 

[6] Elias Schnell — son of Henry Schnell to Anna 
Barbara Meyer — John Meyer daughter. 

[7] 24 Feby John Shaumloffel to Anna Maria widow 
of Nicolas Dirr. 

[8] 12 April. 1 have married in presence of English 
& (ilerman witnesses — after 3 times i)ublishing the 
Banns (t in presence of the congregation of our Church 
Christian Meyers — Johannes Meyers* Lawful son to 
Rebecca Young — William Youngs daughter fi-om Hol- 
land — Johannes Myers from Switzerhmd. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 95 

No 9. John in Amelia Township, Miss Nessa 

Wolf. 

The foregoing is all of the elder Giessendanner's 
record that is given. The following is the younger 
Giessendanner's record : 

Anno 1740. 

Jay 1^ On New Year Day 

By 3 Public publishments of Banns, at 3 different 
Places — and after Service was over — The following got 
mari'ied that day — 

\i John Jacob Meyer a lawful son of Mr. Henry 
Meyer — To Miss Anna Bustrin. (Buser.) 

21' Privately, Mr. Conrad Alder to Mrs. Anna Burgin, 
widow, in Her own House — Her former Husband was 
Henry Ricken baker — after the Banns hath been 3 
times published. 

3 — Privately in Her own house in presence of sever- 
al witnesses — Jacob Pier Hans Fridig and Jacob 
Kuhn — The following two persons were married — Mr. 
Benedict Kollerto Magdalina Springin — Mr. Johannes 
Springin's law^ful daughter. 

(4) 3 Jany that is on Thursday after 3 times publ. 
publicly in a large congregation. Banns, Mr. Richard- 
Horsfort & Miss Barbara Diedrick, that is Mr. John 
Diedrick's lawful daughter. 

(5) The 14 Jany. at sun set in Mr. Henry Schnell's 
house after 3 times publication in German; & once in 
English language Mr. Benjamin Carter in Amelia 
Township to Rebecca Murphy. 

(6) The 3^1 Feby. The following persons were after 
Pul)lication John Julius Tapp son of Christian Tapp 
to Anna B. Hergersperger widow — maiden name Kese- 
birnger. 

(7) (This entry is obliterated.) 

S. Thomas Joyner and Faithy Carse In Amelia. 
9. Joseph Batford and Eugenia Carse in Amelia. 



96 THE HISTORY OF 

10, Lewis Men tier, and N. N. 

11, Joseph Greiter to Susanna Shuler, 

12, Mathias Keller to Maria Handshy. 

13, Henry Rickenbacker to Anna Diel. 

14, Jacob Wannaniaker to Susan Shuler. 

(16)* Anno 1740, Thursday 10, Decbr. married after 
usual publication, Hans in the Villagef to Magdalene 
Piercy maiden name Bush. 

(17) Jacob Wolf to Veronica Fluhbacker, widow, k 
daughter of Hans Domin. 

(18) (This entry is obliterated.) 

(19) January 12 on Tuesday, married Kilian Abeck- 
lin to Maria Schwartz. Witness, Hans Freydigs, &: 
Christian Schwartz, published 2 times, 

(20) Joseph Cuttier to Maria Sahly, Witness Hans 
Diedrick jun. Hans Freydig, Henry Wurtz, and Joseph 
Robison. 

}:Thursday 14, April married (after two times pub- 
lishing) private Joseph Hasforts, nickname Cooper.** 

(21) William Smith to Abigail Shannon, Witness 
Richard Hasford, Thos. Morys, James Merrimans, John 
Jennings etc. 

(22) Wednesday 1, July Married in Capt. Harn's 
house, John Hamelton to Catharine Myers, widow etc. 

(23) Anno 1741. Thursday 3 Septbr. in Mr. John 
Hearns, Esqr's house marriedft ("See book"):|:.'{; 

(24) Tuesdaj^ 19, Novbr. njarried privHt after once 
publishing (Jhrist. Schwartz to Elizabeth Fustei'in. 
widow, in presence of Kilinn Abecklin, John Fuster 
and 2 children. 

(25)/ Sunday 22 Decbr, private, once publish. Ed- 

*There wns no No. \F, in tlic liook. fTlie groom soenis not to have 
li:i(l :i siirntmn'. jXot niiinheivd, **Wonijin's iianR' not jiivcn. 

tt<)l>lit<'r!it('(l. ttTn Mr. Lucas's copy, now the ]iroi»crty of the 
Churcli of the RcdconuT, is the rest of this entry, as follows: "James 
I'endarvis to CatluTine Riunph witness .Tolin Hearn .John Pearson 
.lolm Haninielton .lolm l)ie<Iricks.Iohn Daniitis Hohert WhKelonls". 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 97 

wai'd Gil)Son to Susanna Schwai-tz, Witness Christian 
^ Joseph Schwartz »t John Soudevecker. 

(26) Tuesday 81^.^ I)e<*bi-. private married in Amelia 
Township. Joseph Lyons to Barbara (lartnian, widow, 
witness Benjamin ("arter. 

(27) Wednesdey 1. Jany in Amelia Tovvnshi[», mar- 
ried Joseph Joyner to Miles Jackson, ("see book") Wit- 
ness John Hanimelton. John Fairchild, Richard Has- 
fort. William Martins. Thomas -lackson. 

(28) On Sunday 25. April married .lohn Pearson to 

Mary Witness J(din Hearns, Adin Froj^at & Ja- 

<cob Wanna maker, etc. 

(29) Thursday IS. May married publi(dy ( Jiristian 
York to Miss Barbara Heym Witness Henry Wurtz. 
Henry Straumann, Hans Roth, Peter Hurger. 

(30) Thursday 25,. married privately, Peter Grieffous 
to Anna Otto, witness Peter Hurger. & Jacob Kuhner. 

(31) Sunday IS. (duly) married John Jacol) Strau- 
mann to Anna Margaretta S(duiumloifel Witness. Hen- 
ry Wurtz, Henry Straumann, Peter Hurger, & Hans 
in the village. 

(32) Monday 6lll fall month (Sept.) married John At- 
kinson to Sarah Cartel-, Witness Joseph Lyons. Miles 
Jackson. Lewis York Chris Stean. 

Anno 1742. 

(38) Thursday 12. Snmer month (Oct()l)er) married 
Hans (Jeorg Henry Hess, to Miss Catharina Magdalena 
Shuler. Witness, Peter Hurgei". Mi(diael Larry. Valen- 
tia Justus Elias Schnell. 

(84) Tuesday 30 Winter month (November) married 
John liiabnet to Miss Margnretta Xegly Witness — 
Hans Danner. Simon Sanger — Wardz Henry Strow- 
mann cV Isaac Otto. 
J745* 

"•■For s('\i'i:il vcMis tlic iiianiMiic records twv lost. 



98 THE HISTORY OF 

(100) 13 Novbr. got nmrried Joseph Abraham Schwerdt 
to M^ Elizabeth Souderecker Witness; Georg sen, & 
Jacob Giessendanner. 

(101) 1745/6 Monday 18 Jany. nianied Johann Chev- 
illette to Mi's. Susanna Hopperditzel. Witness. Joseph 
Robinson, 

1746/7 Saturday 7 Feby 

Philip Jennings & ElizMbeth Late Hasfort Witness — 
Joseph Hasforts, Frogat, Brand Pendarvis & Lucas 
Wolf. 

Thursday 19 Feby married Thos. Jones to Elizabeth 
Davis, Witness. Samuel Wright ('apt. Thompson etc. 



Ditto Melchior Ott to Mrs. Anna Barbara Zangerin 
Witness, Peter Maurer, Sr. & Henry & Jacob Friger, 
Hans Huber, Henry & Jacob Straumann. 

Febry 24, Martin Kooner to Mary Joyner. Witness 
Nathan Joiner, Ja's Cars, Francis Kooner. 

A. D. 1739 

(1) Dec. 25, The following children were Baptized: 
Johannes Stetzel, son of George & Maria-Linden Stet- 
zel. Sponsors John Diedrick & Miss Barbara Hueden. 
Born Octob 27, 1739. 

(2) Anna Hugin — Legitimate ch of Theodore Hugin 
& Magdalin Balmarin — Spons. Johannes Dolch, & Sn^ 
Barbara Heinein formerly Hoeffertin — Mrs. Agnes 
Diebuebdin formerly Ininjlin — Born on the 12 of Nov. 
1789. 

(8) Margai-et Whetstein, Mr. Johannes Whetstein A: 
Mrs. Anna Freauenfaederin's legitimate son. Spons. 
Jacob Bruel Mrs Margaret Bruel formerly Miss Brin- 
golt A: Mrs. Susannah Hepj)erdittel — foi-merly Mrs 
Acker. Born July S. 1789. 

A. 1). 1740. 
|41 Oil the first day of January was ba[itiz(Ml Mai'- 



ORANGEBLTRG COUNTY. 99 

^aret Kollerin— child of M^ l^enedk't Kollei- & Mrs. 
Magdalin Spriugen. Sponi: Mr. Jacob Thieren & Mr^ 
Regina Kricheii formerly Mrs. Brant Mr« Margretta 
Frydigin foriiiei-lv ^li.ss Bolleriii — was Born 14 Nov. 
1739. 

(5) In Mr Hemy I{i<-kenl»ac-ker's house privately 
baptized— on the 7 Mar<di — Henry Rickenbarker child 
of Henry Hickenba(dver A: Mrs Anna Denl. Spon:: 
.Josei)h Robinson — Atina Maigerett * «t others. 

(6) On Sunday 25. Api'il — by baptism admitted into 
the church Margaretta Legt (diild of Henry Hauscig 
& his wife Spons — Margretta Bachrden. & Magdelin 
Acker. 

(7) Monday *2() A })ril— Privately Bajttized t]dward 
Freeman Shnellgrove. L son of Fi-eeman Shnellgrove 
♦t his wife 8pons Peter Horger — Johannes Wettstein 
Anna Wettstein. 

(S) April 27 Tuesday was baptized Pegina Barbara 
Legt child of Mr. Christopher Rowe (t His wife. Spons 
Henry Sneller, John Bi-uderer, Regina Jutsig S: Miss 
Barbara Ho nig. 

(9) S of May Publicly Baptizen William Siceceals, 
Brand Pendarvis »t Mrs Anna Ro. 

A. D. 1741. 

(10) On the Eastei- Sunday — were baptized in pres- 
ence of the whole congregation John Meyer. Legiti- 
"niate child of Hans Jacob Meyer »t Anna Huester— 
Spons — John Frittstein »t Ulrick Buester «t Mis Bar- 
liara Horsfort, formerly Miss I)iedrick>. 

(11) On the Sunday 24 May was W_ Hans Henry 
Strauman Legit (diild of Mr. Henry Straiiman ^- Mrs. 
C'atharin Strauman formerly ^liss Horger in [n-esencc 
of Spon':. Mr. Simon Saenger. Verona Freydig. 

(12) On Sunday 31 May was Baptf- Johannes Wett- 

-•■()l>litcr:itc<l. 



100 THE HISTORY OF 

stein. Legi.^ child of Mr. Johannes Wettstein & Anna 
Wettstein formerly Miss Fi-aeuenfelder Spons — Mr. 
Johanness Acker — Hans Jacob Meyer & Anna Barbara 
Laessig forjnerly Miss Kessel ringer. 

(13) On Snnday 5 July was Bapt^l Willian) Robin- 
son. Legil child of Mr. Kobinson & wife. Spons — Mr 
Hans Danners, David Rnnipfer Elizabeth Rothig — ac- 
cording to the rules of the Church of England & Book 
of Co mm (HI Prayer. 

(14) Monday 14 Sept^was Baptized Privately Anna 
Maria Margretta Diedricks — Leg child of Mr. Johannes 
Diedricks & His Wife — Sponi: Henry Wuertzer Peter 
Hurger, Margret Koenig, formerly Hessig — & Margret- 
ta, Laehryig — formerly Bodenerig. 

(15) 21 Sept Monday evening Privately Baptized 
Robert Pue Legt child Mr. Gavin Pue & wife — Spons — 
Michael Christopher Rowe, John Lucy Wolff & Sertina 
Wolff. 

(16) 27 Sept on Sunday — was Publicly in the Eng- 
lish Language Baptl John Jones — Leg child of Mr. 
John Jones & wife Spons. John Pearson Richard Has- 
fords & Barbara Hasford. 

(17) Oct<^ 15. On Thanksgiving day Baptized on 
Barnard Elliott's Plantation. Elizabeth Linder, Legt 
child Mr. Ludwig Linder & wife — Spons. Mr. Ulrick 
Giessendanner Elizabeth Reigchig. 

(18) Dec'; 30 was baptized by me in Amelia Town- 
ship Privately William Harrys Legt child William 
Harrys and Mary Brood Spon^. Elias Teat Benjamin 
Carter & Rebecca Carter. 

(19) Ibiden In same Place 

On Thursday 31 decl 1741 Baptiz William Weekly 
Leg child Thomas Weekly ^ His wife Spon — Freeman 
Shnellgrove W Camn.el & Mi's ('ammel. 

Anno 1741/2 On Snnday 25 April by Baptisen ad- 
mitted into th(^ church MMigiiictta i-cgt child of Hen- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 101 

ry Hauscig and bin wife Spons Margretta Bachrgen & 
Magdalen a Acker. 

Monday 26 Apiil Privately Baptized Edward Free- 
man Snellgrove LeglH son of Freeman Snellgrove and 
bis wife Spons Petei- Hogan Johanna Wettstein and 
Anna Wettstein. 

April 27 Tuesday was baptized Regina Barbara 
Leg"it ebild of Mr Mi<'bael Christopher Row and his 
wife — Sponsors Henry Sneller, John Bruderer Regina 
lutsey Miss Barbara Honig 

M May Publicly Baptized William Leg! child of 
Jacob Wannenmacker & his wife Sponsors William 
8iddal, Brand Pendarvis and Mrs Anna Row 

Anno 1742. 

June 25 on Sunday. I Baptized. Henry my own 
Leg. child. Ulrick Giessendanner & my wife Barbara 
formerly Miss Hugg. Spons-Mr. Henry Wurtz. Mi- 
chael 1 • • • ^''.v Anna Rohrig formerly Miss Diedricks 
w'hich child came to ligliton Saturday afternoon June 
1742. In the Sign of the Twins. 

At the Same time Baptized Hans Michael Legt child 
of Re . . . vs & his wife Feldgnig Spons. Hans Iin- 
dorfl'. Michael Barry <t Regenia Kuchin. 

On Sunday 5 July. Jacob Danner son of Hans Dan- 
ner and Barbara his wife, was Baptisen Spons; Hur- 
ger & Michael. 

1748. 

Sunday, The U) Haynionth (July) is baptized in the 
(Hi Bottes a (diild called (Hiristian. lawful child, Mr. 
Henry Fausseii »t his wife Anna Maria (by witness) 
John Julius Tappier. Christian Roth ^ Maria Christi- 
anna his wife 

Sunday the IP'' Fallnioiith (Sept.) is admitted by 
baptism to the holy Coujuiunioii in the ( 'liurcdi Pottes. 
Maria Elizabeth, lawful child of Mr Jacob Strauman 



102 THE HISTORY OF 

& his wife Anna Margfuvtli. b.y witness Henry Wurtz k 
Maria Elizabeth Shauniloffel & Mrs Barbcira Zangerig-. 

Sunday 14 April 1745 is baptized in the Church 
Bottes — Elizabeth, lawful child, Mr Henry Giessen- 
danner, & bis wife Barbara, maiden name Hurger. 
Witness are Johann Chevillette. Mrs. Barbaj-a Zanger- 
in, maiden name Straumann k Mrs Margareth Inabi- 
net, maiden name Negely. 'llw cliild was horn Sun- 
day morning about one hour before day the 27 day 
of January 1744/5 in the syn of the Ram. 

Anno 1745 The 2\^ August is baptized in the 
Church Bottes, Henry, lawful Child, Mr. Henry Faust. 
& Anna Maria (witness. Henry Heim. Joseidi Krauter 
& Anna Roth, his wife. 

Anno 1745 The 29 tal^uionth is baptized in the 
Church Bottes* 

Augt. 17. (1746.) 

xAdmitted to the holy Connnunion in the presence 
of the Congregation the following infants, Maria, law- 
ful daughter of Mathias & Maria Keller, (Witness) 
Henry Reich man n & wife Mrs Anna Mai'ia Markly k 
Mrs. Elizabeth Reich. 

Ditto as above. 

Anna lawful daughter of John k Anna Eberly. (Wit- 
ness) Louis Reich & Mrs. Anna Margaretha Beltzer. 

Decbr 14/46 

Benedict lawful son of Ben('<lict Kollers and his 
wife Magdalena (Witness) Isaar Hotto, Bartholome 
Spring iV his wife Margaretha. 

Ditto Decbr 25/46 

John lawful son of Mr, (leorg Hessys and his lawful 
wife Anna Catharina (Witness) Michael Christopher 
Row, Nicolas Shuler c^- Mrs Anna liickenba«d\('rin. ».V: 
Mrs Magdalena of the village. 

•'Nnnic not ^ivcii. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 103 

Jan y. 1/47. 

Joseph, lawful son of Jo8e[)h K renter & his wife Su- 
sannah (Witness) Jacob Porter. Joseph Huber, & Mrs. 
Elizabeth Rothin & Mrs Anna Elizabeth Biegehnann. 

Febry 1 /7 Samuel (lawful son of Samuel Davis & his 
wife Salome (Witness) Michael Christopher Row Abra- 
ham Ysseuhut & Mrs Verena VV^urtzer. 

Dl> Margaretha lawful daughter of Louis Reichen & 
his wife Elizabeth (Witness) Jacob Giessendanner & 
Mrs Agues (xiessendanuer it Mrs Margaretha Row. 

Febry 8. At Mr. Thonias Jones's House. Thomas, 
son of Johu Jones, and Hannah his wife, Deceased, he 
was before lawfully baptized by private Baptism by 

at Stono was now only signed with the 

sign of the Cross (Witness) Eugenia Jones, & George 
Pou. 

Feby 3 1747 In the House of Ml Thomas Jones. 
Eugenia daughter of John Jones and Hannah his wife 
deceased. Goss. Joseph Jones, Patience Faure & Eu- 
genia Faure. 

Ditto. In Domo Predicti 

Thomas son of Peter and Ann Grieffous: Goss. John 
Jones Eugenia Jones and Thomas Jones. 

March \^ In the house of Mr Thomas Foi-t, Jcdm 
son of Leonhard and Sarah Warnedow Goss John 
Fitz Mrs Lammons and foi- w^ant of another the 
mother 

March Sill Frederick Son of dohn ».V Ann Wolf: Goss 
Henry Woortzer, Thomas Wolf Agnesia W. late widow 
of Lewis York deceased. 

Ditto Isham Peter Pi-ant. son of Thomas and 

Ann Maria Ebei-Jiard: (ioss: Peter Moorer dun'' 
Prancis Kooner and dgft Dorothea Weistine 

1747 March 15!il Samuel, son oi Joseph and MargaiM^t 
Grietibus. (loss Mi(diael Christopher liow i^4(M- Hot- 
tow an<l Irsula Pendarvis 



104 THE HISTORY OF 

Ditto. 

Baptized Maivh 15 Curl Si Anna Hotto LawfuII son 
Sponsors Joseph Huph ^' wife Anna Ma- 



ria Outtier and Jacob Uickenbaker 

Ditto. 

Magdalena-^ «fe Kegel Lachrie Lawful Daughter 
Sponsors. Johann in the old tield Mrs Barbara (iiessen- 
danner and Mrs Magdalena Koller 

March 20 1747 Baptized BaUlhasar bwful Child of 
Mr John Inabnet and his wife xMargai'et Born March 
I21]2 Spons Hans Balsiger. Hans of the Village Mrs 
Verona Wartzer 

1747 

Thursday 14 April Baptized ii] Henry Scdinell house 
Catharina Magdalene, Adan] k Margaretta Schnell 
lawful Child Spons George Kotgen iV: Jacob (liessen- 
danner Miss Magdalene Hoi-ger and Mrs (.'atharina 
Wanamaker 

1747 Tuesday April 14 Baptized in the House of 
Henry Schnell Henry son of Jacob & Catharina Wan- 
amaker Spons. Henry Schnell Sen'' & Johannes and 
Mrs Margaretta Schnell. 

Ditto — Catharina Barbara George and Christina 
Barbara Kotgein lawful daughter Sponsors Henry 
Schnell & Barl)ara Schnell «.V: Jacob and Catharina 
Wannamaker 

Ditto — Henry son of John »!v: Ksther Jones. Goss, 
Henry Schnell Sen'' Henry Horger JunH Adam Snell 
and Barbara Lyons 

Sunday 19 April at Holy Easter Baptized .\nna 
( 'hristine Barbara Ni<'olas and Christine Law4"ul daugh- 
ter Sponsors Jacob Kuhnen Mrs. Anna Hickenbacker 
iV: Mrs Barliara Heini 

1747. Sunday the 2S Hayinonth (July) is baptized 
in the Church Bottes. Johannes lawful (diild Mr Jo- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 105 

hail 11 Ulrick d! lessen dan iier &, wife Barbara maiden 
name Hiigg (Witness) Johannes A maker Geo Giessen- 
<hiuner cV: Mrs liegel Larey, maiden name Kochin. The 
child was born Friday morning about 2 hours by day 
the first day in May Anno prodicte in the syn Twins- 

Sei»t 2«» 1747 

Baptized John son of Thomas and Eugenia Jones. 
Sponsors John and Mary — — John Wood* 

1747 Sept William. Son of William and Mary Har- 
ris. Goss John Gusseand Barbara & Peter Hook Magda- 
len Hook Barbara Giessendannerf 

Nov. 15 1747 Rec^i into Christ Church Abraham 
son of Abraham and Mary Yessenhoot: Goss Jacob 
Rumph Peter Hugg & Anna Dattwyler Born Sept 29 



174S 

April 24 Baptized John son of Brand and Arketta 
Pendarvis, Goss Michael C Kowe Lucas Wolf Ann 
Rose 

On W^ednesday August 3 1748 Baptized George 
Henry son of Leopold Clausand W. A his wife Goss 
Henry Snell Sen'" George Giessendanner JunI Phil- 
lipina Regina Yutzy and Fritchman. 

1748 August 25 Baptized one child name, Susannah 
Mr Joseph & Susannah Kreiter s lawful daughter 
Sponsors Jacob Roth, Hans Balziger & Susannah Hu- 
ber jfe Mrs. Susannah Fryday 

Ditto John son of Phillip & Elizabeth Jennings 
Sponsors Goss. John Jennings Hasford and Abraham 
Ursella Pendarvis- 

174S Septeml)er 25^'' Baptized Felder: Ixn-n Sept 8 
son of Henry and Maria Elizabeth uxorsegas spon- 
soi's Jacob Giessendanner, Jacob & Lovisia Horger. 

•This fiitry was on tlif inside covcj- of tlu> book, and may not be 
concft as to dates. 

tTiiis is a di'taclifiJ iMitry, hut hcioiias hciv, cvidciitlN. 



10() THE HISTORY OF 

Oct2 2 Johann Matthias Petri et Anna uxorsejiis 
Sponsors Henrick Wartzer Joseph Kreider Barhara 
Giessendanner and Agues Giessendanner 

Oct2 9- Baptized Johann Jacob Henreick and Catli- 
arina Strawmann uxoris ejus Sponsors Henrick 
Wartzer Michael Row Elizabeth Roth & Mnrgaretha 
Row 

This closes up the record kept by Rev. John Gies- 
sendanner before his departure for England. The fol- 
lowing list, made out in English in the handwriting 
of Rev. John Giessendanner, is recorded in the hook: 
and was doubtless made out by him shortly after he 
returned from England, as it is evident from the posi- 
tion it occupies in the book that it was njade out at 
an early day, as the recording preceeding it caught ui? 
with it; thus placing it in the midst of the record of 
births kept in English after his return from P^ngland, 
By comparing it with the translated i-ecord, already 
given, of the mairiages performed by Rev. John Gies- 
sendanner before his trip to England, it will be seen 
that it is made up from those records. It contains some 
marriages not given in the German record — probabl\^ 
because the pages containing the record (in German) 
of those particular marriages have been lost. At any 
rate this list, translated as it was by the Rev. John 
Giessendanner himself, is a valuable snpplenuMit to 
the translated record already given: 

A List of all those; w^io have been n.arye<l iiy me 
John Giessendanner. V. D. M. 

i Mr. John Ohevillette Esq"; Jan: l:^ti. l745/(>. To Su- 
sannah Ffepperditzel. Widow. 
2 George Giessendanner -Inn-. To Agnes hiedricli. 

Widcm. 
8 Jacob Wolf. 1740. KM'i Dec'.'.'' To \'t'roiiica Toninien. 

Widow. 
4 Jacob Wolf- - - -To Appollonia Sliuler. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 107 

5 Hans iiii Dorff 1740. 10^.^ Dec'."" To Magdalene Pier- 
en. widow. 
() .lacob Wannenniadier. . -To Catharina Shuler. 

7 John Kitchin- . To Barbara Pfund. widow. 

8 Samuel Davis To Salome Fuster. 

9 Henry Felder 1747. Dec; 15. To Mary Elizabeth 

Shauniloftel 

10 John Fairy 1743. Febr: 5^.1' To Ann Yssenhut. . . • 
U Christian Thwartz 1741. To Elizabeth Fuster. 

widow. Nov. 19tii 

12 John Simmons- . . To Catherina Zorn, widow. 

13 John Fuster- - • To Sirrah Hatcher. 

14 John Cleaton - . - To Sirrah Fuster. widow. 

15 James Pendarvis 1741..To Catherina Rumph. 

Sept!!.!- 34 

16 John Pearson 1742... To Mary Raiford. April 

25 V.'. 

17 John Hammilton 1741.. To Catherina Myers. 

Widow. July l!^ 
IS Thomas Puckridge. . .To Catherina Pfund. 

19 Jacob Roth . ■ • -To Catharina Ygly. widow. 

20 George Gatz - • - To Ba rbara N. widow 

21 Hans Jacob Strauman 1748. To Ann Margareth 

Shaumloffel July IS^l' 

22 Hans Jacob Myer 1740. To Ann Buser. January 

l^K. .. 

23 Hans Jacob Gyger. . To Margaret Shuler. widow 

24 Jacob Horger. - To Lovisia Shaumloffel. 

25 Peter Moorer Jun - - - To Margaret Larry. 

26 Hans Giegelman . ■ - To Ann Elizabeth Shuler 

27 John Jubb To Eve Catherine Shuler. 

2S Antony Ernst- - • To Ann Barbara Gyger. 

2V) Melchior Ott 1746/7. Febr. W± To Ann Barbara 

Zangin. 
30 Henry Strauman 1740. Ai)ril l""} To Catharina 

Horger. 



108 THE HISTORY OF 

31. Christian York 1742. May IStji To Barbara Heym. 

32. Joh: Julius Tapp 1740. Febr: 3^^ To Ann Barbara 
Hergersperger, widow. 

33. Georg Adam Ernst. ---To Ann Barbara Tapp. 
widow. 

34. Hans in Abnit 1742 Nov. 30tii To Margaret Nage- 

ly. 

35. Henry Rickenbacher. .To Ann Diel. 

36. Hans George Hessy 1742. ()<'t 12th To Catliarina 
Margaret Shuler. 

37. Joseph Deramas . - To Ann Pt'uml. 

38. Peter Grieffous. 1742. May 25lii To Anna Hottow. 

39. Leonhard Warnedow . ■ - • To Sirrah Hottow. 

40. Charles Hottow ... To Ann Tshndy 

41. Benedict Koller 1740. Jany. l^t.-.To Magdalene 
Spring. 

42. Michael Larry ... To Regula Koch. 

43. Peter Hottow To Margaret Barbara Shuler. 

44. Joseph Kreiiter. . . -To Susannah Shuler. 

45. Andrew in Abnit- . • -To Mary Nilgely. 

46. Conrad Alder 1740. January l«t . . To Ann Rick- 
enbacker. Widow. 

47. Richard Hasfort 1740. Jany. 3'j To Barbara Died- 
rick. 

48. Benjamin Carter 1740 -lany: 14','.' T<> Keberca 
Murphy, widow. 

49. Thomas Joyner . To Faithy Carse. 

50. Joseph Hatford ... To Eugenia (-a)se. 

51. Lewis Montier . - To M. Biddys. 

52. Matthias Keller ... To Mary Handshy. _ 

53. Joseph Lyons. 1740/ 1. .lany: 4^'; To Susannah (irim. 
widow. 

54. Joseph Lyons. 1741. Hec. 31 . . -To [Barbara <iai-t- 
man. 

55. Killian AbfM-lin 1740 M. I'o :Mary Schwartz Jan- 
uary 12t'» 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 109 

06. Joseph Cutfcier 1741. March 27^}} To Ann Mary 
Silhly. 

57. William Smith 1741. April U.th To Abigal Shan- 
non. 

58. Evard Gibson 1741.. Dec. 22<i— To Susannah 
Schwartz. 

59. * Joyner 1741/2. Jany. 6t.li To Miles Jack- 
son. 

60. (Was on the top edge of the page and has worn 
off.) 

61. Joh: Abraham Schwardtfeger 1745. To Elizabeth 
Souderecker, widow. Dec. 27^^ 

62. Phillip Jennings 1746/7. Febr. 7ti' To Elizabeth, 
late Hasfort 

63. Thomas Jones 1746/7. Febr: 19th To Elizabeth 
Davis 

64. Martin Koonen 1746/7. Febr: 2P}^ To Mary Joy- 
ner. February 24th 

65. Hans Adam Shnell- • -To Margaret Yootzy. 

66. Elias Shnell .... To M. Fritchman. 

67. Bernhard Schnell. . .To N. Shuler. 

68. Charles Kitchen . . .To Eugenia Megrew. 

69. John Middleton To Sirrah Goodby. 

70. Samuel Hudson 1746. July. To Margaret Maxwell, 
widow. 

71. Nathan Joyner To Winifred N. 

72. John Sullivan . ■ ■ To N. Snellgrove. 

73. William Hickey. . To Rebecca Gant. 

74. Thomas Eberhard . . .To Mary Moor. 

75. Paul Bunch 1748. April 28th To Amy Winigum. 

76. Christian Theus . . . . To N. N . . 

77. Brand Pendarvis To Ursetta Jennings. 

78. Joseph Cooper To Margaret N. 

79. Hans George Shlappy . . To Magdalene Huber. 

*T(irii out. 



110 THE HISTORY OF 

50. Daniel Geltzer To Margaret Brick, widow. 

51. Hans Eberly • ■ -To Ann Marckly. 

82. John Kannady 1747. Sepl 2{n}} To Mary Godfrey. 
S3. Jonathan Brimstone . . -To Martha Pickings 

84. Samuel Pickings. ^ -To N. Patron. 

85. George Fhitt. - - -To N. Pickings 

86. Francis Lamons To N. N. 

87. Flowers Michill February l«t . - To Elizabeth War- 
ren 1747/8. 

88. William Gray.... To Ann Shaw. 

89. Samuel Gandy March 14. . .To Rosina Zellwegeiin. 

90. William Clement Januaiy 28t.i'. To Mary Callyhon. 
widow, 1747. 

91. James Dean To Din a Even. 

92. William Weanright .To Hannah Williams, 

widow. 

93. Daniel Deruraseux March. 14^' To Olivia Wood. 

94. Jacob Rumph 1748. May 19th To Ann Dattwyler. 

95. Solomon Witham July 29<h 1744-. To Francis 
Merry an. 

96. John Robinson - - - -To Isbell Butcher. 

97. Henry Sally Junf To Magdalena Huber 

98. Jacob Koonen 1748. Septemb 1^.<. . To Catharina 
Negely. 

99. Francis Koonen 1748. Sept: l^t. To Ann Maria Ha- 
gin. 

100. John Fitch January 161'.' 174S/9 . . To Ann 
Holmes. 

101. Daniel Shyder To Elizabeth Rii-hard. 

Here follows the record of marriages which IJev. 
John (liessendanner kept after his retniii iVom Eng- 
land, where he had been ordained as an Episcopal 
minister. This record was kept in English. That 
kept before his voyage to Kngland w^as all kept in 
German, as already stated. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. Ill 

At the head of each of the five pa£);es containing the 
entries from 6 to 24 is written "A List of Persons 
n]arr3^ed per Jn^ Giessendanner. V. D. M."; at the 
head of each of the remaining seven pages containing 
the entries from 25 to 69 is written "Register of Mar- 
riages pet' John Giessendanner. V. D. M.": 

A list of Persons marryed in the Church of Orange- 
burgh and on Sundry other places since my return 
from England according to the Liturgy of the Church 
of England and the Form prescribed in the Book of 
Common Prayer 
Per 

J. Giessendanner 

Minister of Orangeburgh and 
Amelia Townships. 

List of Persons 
1750. On Monday, May 14th. 1750 was marryed and 
joined together by Banns. 

(1.) Jacob Frank and Sarah Flood, widow, both liv- 
ing dow^n this river. 

Being present: John Chevillette, Esq., Michael 
Christopher Rowe, Peter and Joseph Grieffous, etc. 
etc. 

(2.) Oil Monday, May 21st Jn the Congree Garrison 
by Banns: 

William Berry and Mary King, widow, both in Saxa- 
Gotha Township: Present Archibald Campbell, Esq., 
Herman Gyger, Henry Gall man, etc. etc. 

(3.) On Tuesday, June 5t\» In the Church of Orange- 
bui'gh by Ditto: Jacob Morff and Christina Hessy, 
both of this Township: Being present: Michael Chris- 
topher Rowe. Hans George Hessy. 

(4.) On Monday, June IP'.' In yf Church of Orange- 
burgh by Ditto. David Griffith and Hannah Middleton, 
both of Berkly County, l^eing present: Michael Chris- 



112 THE HISTORY OF 

topher Rowe, Henry Strovvman. John Clievillette- 
Esq. 

(5.) On Sunday, June I7f'>- In the Presence of the 
Congregation in the Church of Orangeburgh. by Ditto: 
Jacob Stauber and Miss * of this Township. 

(6.) On Sunday, June 24*1'- In the Church of Orange- 
burgh in presence of the Congregation — By Banns: 
John Frederick Ot and Magdalene Wechter, late wife 
of George Wechter, deceased, both living in Amelia 
Township. 

(7.) On Thursday June 28^''- In the House of these 
married Person by Ditto: Casper Kuhn and Anna 
Barbara Ernst, late wife of Ceorge Adauj Ernst, of 
this Township, deceased; Being present: Valentine 
Yutzy, John Fritchman, John Friday Jnn'; etc. etc. 

(8.) On Wednesday, July 11^'- In tlie Church of 
Orangeburgh By Ditto: Kobeit Andrews of Saxa- 
Grotha Township, and Mary Carney of Amelia Town- 
ship, Being present: John McCord. Sam'l Bright. 
Robert Sea Wright etc. etc. 

(9.) On Thuimiay, July 19fi^- In y*' Church of Orange- 
burgh By Ditto: Joseph Markis and Ann Pickings, 
both living down this River: Being present: Joseph 
(iriffis, David Jackson. 

(10.) On Tuesday August 7*'' In the Churcii "o Ditto. 
By Ditto John Frederick Huber and Barbara Kreyter. 
both of this Township: Being present Martin Binsky. 
John Friday Sen'"- et Jun'- Henry Heyin. 

(11.) On Saturday, September 22'"'- In y*'Chni'chof 
Orangeburgh. By Banns. Miles Hiley and Elizabeth 
Weekly, widow of Thomas Weekly, of Amelia Town- 
ship, deceased. Being present: \A'illiani Cannnel. Wil- 
liam Coopei-. Caspar Ott. 

(12.) On Wednesday. October o'-«>- In the Cliurch 'o 

■ NiUiu' oliIiterattMl. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 113 

Ditto. By Ditto. William Heart of the Congrees & 
Sirrah Young of Edistoe Fork. Being present Adin 
Frogat. William Young etc. etc. 

(13.) On Thursday, December fith. In the Church of 
Orangeburgh. By Ditto: William Mecket & Ann Roth 
of this Township: Being present Henry Haym, George 
Giessendanner, Jun^ Charles Hottow etc. etc. 

(14.) On Monday, Dec. 24tii- in the Church of Orange- 
burgh, by Ditto: Henry Wetstine & Barbara, widow of 
Hans Ulrick Morff, deceased, both of this Township: 
Being present, Henry Haym, Caspar Kuhn, Peter 
Moorer, Junr. etc. etc. 
1751 

(15.) On Tuesday. February b^^^- at the house of Mrs. 
Mary Russell in Amelia, by Licence, John McCord 
of Saxa-Gotha & Sophinisba Russell of Amelia Town- 
ship, Being present Samuel Bright, Charles and John 
Russell. 

(16.) On Tuesday April 2"f^- In Orangeburgh Church 
By Banns Peter Murer, Jun^; To Magdalene Horguer; 
Both of this Township. Being present Valentine Yutzy, 
Samuel Suther. etc. 

(17.) On Tuesday April BO^ii- in Ditto. By Ditto. John 
Harresperger To Elizabeth Frichman, both of this 
Township. Being present Nicolas Shewler. Conrad 
Yutzy, Jacob Ott etc. etc. 

(18.) On Tuesday, May 28tii- In Ditto. By Ditto. 
Robert Lammon to Barbara, wddow of Jacob Brunzon. 
deceased. Both living upon Edistoe River. Being pres- 
ent Michael Christopher Rowe. Joseph Griffons, Sam- 
uel Davis. 

(19.) On Thursday September 5ti>- In Ditto. By Dit- 
to. James Lewis to Esther, widow of John Jones, late 
of Amelia Township. Deceased. Being present Robert 
(lossling. Christian Minnick, Michael Christopher 
Rowe. etc. etc. 



114 THE HISTORY OF 

(20.) On Thursday, September 26th- In Orangeburgh 
Church, Freeman Snellgrove of Amelia Township to 
Ann Jenkins, widow, Being present: Miles Riley, 
John Fairy, Joseph Duke. 
1752. 

(21.) On Sunday, February 2"d- In Ditto. By Ditto. 
Peter Roth to Agnes, late widow of George Gies- 
sendanner. Deceased. In presence of the Congrega- 
tion. 

(22.) On Sunday, February 23''^- In Ditto. By Ditto. 
Christopher Stehely to Elizabeth, widow of Christian 
Schwarz, Deceased. In piesence of the Congrega- 
tion. 

(23.) On Friday December 27^1'- 1751. In Ditto. By 
Ditto. Gotli6b Ebert to Anna Amacher. Being pres- 
ent: Henry Wartzer, Martin Binsky, Michael Larry, 
etc. 

(24.) On Tuesday, March Sl^'t- In Ditto. By Ditto. 
Emanuel Miller to Mary, widow of Andrew Inabnet, 
of this Township, Deceased. Being present: Henry 
Wartzer, Henry Ricken baker, etc. etc. 

(25.) On Tuesday June 9th. 1752. In Orangeburgh 
Church. By Banns: Henry Crummy to Magdalene 
Zorn; both of Orangeburgh Township. Being pres- 
ent: William Bari-ie, Henry Felder, Luke Patrick. 

(26.) On Tuesday, July 2nd. 1752. In Orangeburgh 
Church. By Banns: William Young of Edisto Fork to 
Mary Linder, below Orangeburgh Township: Being 
present: Michael Christopher Rowe, Johanes Wolfe. 
Lewis Linder. 

(27.) On Monday, July 13, In Am.elia at the house of 
Mr. William Martin: By Banns. Thomas Cryer and 
Elizabeth Powell; both of Amelia Township; Being 
present John McCord, Charles Kut^spll. William Thomp- 
son. 

(28.) On Tuesday -Inly 21st. in Oiangeburgh Church. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 115 

By Banns. Jacob Kooner. Sen'; and Anna, late widow 
of Martin Tshudy. deceased, both of Oranj^eburgh 

Township. Being present: Henry Wartzer, In- 

derabnet, Ulrick Reber etc. etc. 

(29.) On Tnesday Septembei- 26th. in Orangebnrgh 
Cliurch. By Banns. John Nicolas Shuler to Verena 
Hoggin. 

(30.) John Heller to Esther Ott. 

(31.) John Frederick Ulmer to Mary Barbara Shu- 
ler; all of Orangeburg Township. Being present: 
John Miller, Henry Rickenbaker, Lewis Golsen, etc. 

(32.) On Tuesday October S''^^- In Orangeburgh 
Church. By Banns. John William Ley sath to Ursula 
Giessendanner, of this Township: Being present: 
Henry Wartzer, Jacob Ott, Peter Roth, etc. etc. 

(33.) On Tuesday December 19th. in Ditto. By Dit- 
to. Lewis Golsen to Elizabeth Stehely. 

(34.) Caspar 0th to Mary Stehely. All of Orange- 
burgh Township. Being present: Benedict Roller, 
Joseph Kryter, Henry Horger, Junr. 

(35.) On Tnesday December 26th. in Ditto. By Dit- 
to. Christopher Monheim to Catharine Fry; both late- 
ly arrived from Germany in Orangeburgh Township. 
Being present: John Shaumloffel, John Friday, Jun. 
Jacob Roth. 
1753. 

(36.) On Sunday, March 25th. In Ditto. By Ditto. 
George Frederick Knobel to Elizabeth Fichter. both 
lately come into this Township from Germany: Being 
present: .Henr}^ Felder, Bai'nard Snell, Jacob Giessen- 
danner. 

(37.) On Tuesday, April KHi'- At the house of Moses 
Thompson. Esqr. In Anjelia. By Ditto. Thomas Bal- 
lew to Ann Cox. Being present: Moses and William 
Thompson. Thomas (\)urtonne. 

(3S.) On Thni-sday. Apiil 12"'- In Orangeburgh 



116 THE HISTORY OF 

Church Miirryed by Banns. Greorge Jacob Kiirner to 
Ann Catliarina Larry wecht, widow, both lately arrived 
in this Province from Germany, Being present: 
Michael Christopher Rowe, III rick Raber. 

(39.) On Tuesday, April 24^1- In Ditto. By Banns. 
Henry Mell to Mary Catharina, widow of Isaac Hut- 
tow, late of Orangebui-gh Township, deceased. 

(40.) Bernard Zeigler to Anne Mary Wedlin, widow, 
both lately come in from Germany. Both couples in 
presence of John Amacher, Senr., Frederick Huber, 
John William Leysaht, etc. 

(41.) On Tuesday June 7^1'- In Ditto. James Eler- 
son to Elizabeth Elerson; both near Orangeburgh 
Township. Being present: Henry Crummy, Michael 
Larry, The Banns been' published at Orangeburgh 
May 27tii; et 3lst., June 3^1. 

(42.) On Tuesday September 4ti'. In Ditto. 

Joseph Huber to Elizabeth Horrmutt. 

(43.) John Valentin Kranick to Anna Mary Heck- 
ler. All of Orangeburgh Township. Being present: 
Lewis Golson, Martin Binsky, Lewis Kern, etc. 

(44.) On Tuesday September 27*^'- In Ditto. By 
Banns. Edward Brady to Rachael Whiteford of Ame- 
lia. Present: William Powell, John Burdell. etc. 

(45.) On Thursday at the house of John Eberly. 

Marry ed October llti^- By Banns. 

John Grossman to Margaret Stephen; both of Berke- 
ley County. Being present: Lewis Linder, John Eber- 
ly, etc. 

(46.) On Sunday. November 4t''- In Oratigeburgh 
Church. By Banns. Christopher Miller to Angelia 
Zeigler. widov^-. In presence of the (Congregation. 
1754 

(47.) On Tuesday, February 12"'- Joyni^l into the 
Holv State of matrimon\ at tiic house of Simon 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 117 

Theiis, conimonly called Monk's Corner, in St. John's 
Parish, hy virtue of Licence derected to me, Simon 
Thens of the said Parish to Elizabeth Mackey of Ame- 
lia Township. Present: John Lloyd, Robert Rawlins, 
Clerk of the Crown, etc. etc. 

(4S.) On Tuesday, February W^^- In Orangeburgh 
Church. By Banns. Jacob Beck to Brigitta Smith, 
both of Amelia Township. Present: Christopher Rowe, 
John Friday, Senr. & Junr. 

(49.) On Sunday. March IQth- In Amelia. At the 
house of Charles Russell. By Banns. Christian Reich- 
art to Catharina Peterman; both of Amelia Township. 
In presence of the Congregation. 

(50.) On Thursday, March 14th. j^^ Orangeburgh 
Church. By Banns. Daniel Linder to Sarah Hill of 
Berkeley County. Present: James Tilly, Alexander 
McCord, John Burdell, etc., etc. 

(51.) On Monday, April 9th. j^^ Orangeburgh Church. 
Manyed By Banns. Henry Young of Edisto Fork to 
Ann Hill of Orangeburgh Township. Present: John 
Burdell, David Hall, etc., etc. 

(52.) On Sunday, May 12tii. In Amelia. By Banns. 
Benjamin Spurlock to Mary Elizabeth Smitzer, both 
of Amelia Township. Pi-esent: Moses Thompson, John 
Chevillette, John Lloyd, etc. 

(53.) On Tuesday, July 16*''. In Orangeburgh Church. 
By Banns. Conrad Yutzy to Magdalene Warner; both 
of Orangeburgh Township. Present: Henr}^ Snell. 
Senr. & Junr., Christopher Rowe, etc.. etc. 

(54.) On Tuesday, August 6th. |n Orangeburgh 
Church. By Banns. John Henry Shilling to Ann Mar- 
garet McLennen; both of Orangeburgh Township. 
Piesent: Henry Rickenbaker. Henry M<'11, Sam Su- 
ther. 

(55.) On Tuesday. August 2()ti>- In Ditto. liy Banns. 
James Tavlor to Elizabeth, late widow of William 



118 THE IirSTORY OF 

Barrie; hotli of Orangeburgli Townshi}). I^reseiit: 
Henry Folder, Henry Crummy, etc., etc. 

(56.) Od Thursday, August'2'2<i- In Amelia. By Li- 
cence. Charles ]?us8ell to Ann Dargan; both of Ame- 
lia, Township. Present: John McCord, John Lloyd 
etc. etc. 

(57.) On Sunday, October 27"'- In Orangebnrgh 
Church. By Banns. Marryed: p]n]anuel Mineor to 
Rachel Hatcher, both of Edistoe Fork. Present: The 
Congregation, Samuel Suther,* David Hall &c. 

(58.) On Tuesday, December 8<i- In Ditto. By 

*Frojii the History of Rowan County, North Ciirolinn, by Rev. 
Jetliro Riimi)U', the followinj; sketch its taken: "Rev. Samuel Su- 
tlier was one of tlie early Gernian Reformed ministers in Guilford, 
Rowan and Cabarrus. In the Journal of Gov. Tryon for 17()8, he re- 
lates that while he was at Major Phifer's in Mecklenl)urg (now Ca- 
barrus) on Sunday, the 12st of .July, he 'heard Mr. Luther, a Dutch 
mitiister, preach.' No doubt this is a misprint for Mr. Sulher, since 
there is no evidence that such a minister as liUther was here, and 
there is evidence of the presence of a Rev. Mr. Suther. He was sent 
out from the old country to preach to thi> (Jcnnan Reformed jx'ople in 
the Carollnas, and w.ms pastor of the (JniU'ord cbarjic durinjj the Rev- 
olutionary war. Ml', Suther was a man of learning?, and an unconi- 
l)romisiii<,' patriot during;- the stru^-yU' for American freedom. His 
residence was a mile from the battle nroun<l of the Regulators in Ala- 
mance, May Kith, 1771. During' the lU^volution he was an outspoken 
pjilriot, and so obnoxious to the tories that he was often compelled to 
hide himself from their vengence. It is said tluit there was but one 
single tory in his entire charge. Capt. Weitzell, a niember of Mr. 
Suther's church, commanded a company in the battle of Guilford 
Court House that was made up of members of the Reformed Church. 
The records of Lower Stone Church mention Sanuiel Suther as its 
pastor in 1782, and that he had removed thither from Guilford tJoun- 
ty. This was in the days of tory ravages, when Col. David Fanninjr 
and his trooj) of marauders struck terror into the region that extends 
from Guilford to Cumberland county. As he had many enemies 
around him, he found it exiK-dient to remove to a jnore peaceful re- 
gion. The date of his death and the j)lace of his burial are unknown 
to the writer. There are a number of families by the name of Suther 
residing in and near (^oncord." This is probably the same Sanuiel 
Sutlu>r mentioned l)y (Ticssi-udanncr, and he probably sojourneil 
awhiU- in ()i-nugeburgli bdorc ncfiving his license to preach in this 
countrv. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 119 

Banns. Jacob Ott to M.ivgaret Fichtuer, both of 
Orangelturgh Townsliii). I'reseiit: Henry Wartzer, 
Adam Snell, George Hessy, &c. &c. 

(59.) On Thursday. December 19th. In Ditto. By 
Banns. John Gibson to Margaret Fludd, both below 
Orangeburgh Township. Present: David Hall. 

(60.) On Sunday, December 22"d. In Ditto. By 
Banns. Jacob Dirr of Amelia and Eva Catharina Key- 
ser of Orangeburgh Township. Present: John Fred- 
erick Huber, & Henry Felder, &c. 

(61.) On Monday, December 23id- In Ditto. By 
Banns. John Joyner, Junr. to Naomy Bunch, both of 
Amelia Township. Present: Henry Snell, Senr., Chris- 
topher Rowe, etc. 
1755. 

(62.) On Monday, February 17*^. In Ditto. By a Li- 
cence directed to me. Josiah Evans to Margaret Lar- 
kins, of Prince Frederick Parish. Present: James 
Tilly, Senr. & Junr. 

(68.) On Tuesday, February 18th- i^ Ditto. By 
Banns. Barnard Hertzog to Anne Mary, late widow 
of Warner Ulmer, of Orangeburgh Township. Pres- 
ent: Col: John Chevillette, Henry Wartzer, &c. 

(64.) On Thursday, August 14tii. at the house of 
Capt. John Lloyd in Amelia Township, Marryed^ — By 
Licence; William Thompson to Eugenia Russell, both 
of the Township aforesaid. Present: John M<'Cord, 
Edward Barwicke, &c. 

(65.) On Sunday, August 24^^. ii^ Orangeburgh 
Church. By Banns: John George Hayner to Eva 
Cathai'ina Barrin; both of Orangeburgli Township. 
Present: Jacob Giessendanner, Henry Felder, &c. 

(66.) On Monday, December 29^1'- In Ditto. By Dit- 
to. John Ofi.ll to Elizabeth Rice, both of the Salt- 
ketchers in Colleton C(»unty. Piesenl : Isham Clay- 
ton. Samnc] Pickings. &c. 



120 THE HISTORY OF 

175(1 

(67.) On Tuesday, January 27^''- In Orangeburgh 
Church. By Ditto. .John Jacob Wymer to Anne Died- 
rick, both of Orangeburgh Township. Present: Sam- 
uel Suther, John Jennings. &c, 

(68.) On Monday, Fel)ruary 2"fi- In Ditto. By Dit- 
to. John Anding to Margaret, late widow of Rudolph 
Brunner, both living beh)w Orangeburgh Township in 
Berkly County. Present: Henry VVuitzer, Lewis bin- 
der, John Aberly, &c. 

(69.) On Sunday, February 15tii- hi Ditto. 

By Banns. James Clatworthy to Mary, Widow of 
Rush. Present: Joseph Wood, &c. 

The remainder of the marriage record kept by Rev. 
John Giessendanner is lost from the book, but several 
fragmentary records were entered b}^ later custodians 
of the book, as follows: 

"John Pou to Elizabeth Giessendanner Boath of 
Orangeburgh Township.'"'' 

''Henry Giessendanner and Elizabeth Rumph Maryed 
the 25 Day of february 1767 

'"Henry Gissendaner" 
"Henry Gissendanner <t Mary Larry Manyed the 21 
January 1796.'"}- 

The following is also recorded among the later 
items: "Jacob Kooney Come to me to Live With me 
til 26 of Septr 1771 and Movd a Way again the 16 of 
November 1771." W hat that meant is not explained. 

Following the record in English of marriages, is the 
record in English of the baptisms performed by Rev. 
John Giessendanner after his return from England. 
At the head of each of the thii-teen pages containing 
the entries from 11 to 97 is writr<Mi. "A list of (Miildren 

*N(> (late uivt'ii. tSccoiid wilo — slii- was a widow. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 121 

baptized per J. Giessendanner. V. D. M."; at the head 
of each of the forty-two pages containing the entries 
fi'OQi 9S to 422 is written, ''Register Book of Baptisms 
per Jn" Giessendanner. V. 1). M."; at the head of each 
of the four pages containing the entries from 423 to 
482 is written, ''Register of Christenings by John Gies- 
sendanner. V. D. M.'*; and at the head of each of the 
remaining twenty-five pages containing the entries 
from 4S3 to 639 is written, "Register of Births & Chris- 
tenings by John Giessendanner V. D. M." The follow- 
ing is the baptismal record: 

A List of Children Baptized by me in the Church of 
Orangeburgh and in Sundry other places Since my re- 
turn from England according to the Liturgy of the 
Church of England and the forms prescribed in the 
Book of Common Prayer 

John Giessendanner 
Minister of the Church in and of 
Orangeburgh Township and 
Amelia Township- 

1749-50. 

(10.)* On Sunday, March ISti^- 1749-50. Received 
publick Baptism in the Church of Orangeburgh Joseph, 

son of James and Marget Tilly; born . Goss: 

Joseph Robinson, Brand Pendarvis, and 

On Sunday, April 1st: 

(11.) Christian, son of John and Margaret Inabnet; 
born March the 17t'i- a. c. Susceptr. Hans Jacob 
Stroman, Henry Wetzstine, and Mrs Mary Inabnet. 

(12.) On Sunday, April S^h- in Amelia Township at 
the house of Mrs. Mary Russell: Charles, son of Wil- 
liam and Mary Elizabeth Heatly; born November 15tii- 
1749. Susceptr: John McCord. (Uiarles Russell, Miss 
Sophia Russell. 

*Fr()iii 1 to 10 lost. 



122 THE HISTORY OF 

Eodem Die eodemg Loco: 

(13.) Williani, son of William and Martha Evans; 
Seven months old. Susceptr. Freeman Snellgrove, and 
as no others could be got, the parents themselves. 

Eodem Die eodemg Loco: 

(14.) Pov^el, son of Ditto. Susceptr. Thomas Powel 
and the parents. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(15.) John, son of Thomas and Elizabeth Barker; 
born October 2nd. 1749. Susceptr. Samuel Bright 
and the mother. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(16.) Josias, son of an unknown father and Mary 
Gibson; born June 20^ii- 1746. Susceptr. Hopert Gib- 
son. 

(17.) On Easter Monday, April 16th- 1750, Received 
public baptism in the Church of Orangeburgh, Ann 
Appollonia, daughter of Jacob and Ann Appollonia 
Wolf; born March lO^-h. a. c. Susceptr. Nicolas Shu- 
ler. Mrs. Barbara Jennings, Ann Elizabeth Giegelman. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(18.) Margaret, daughtei' of Nicolas and Regula 
Larry; born March 27^1'- a. c. Susceptr. John Jen- 
nings, Mary Regina Philippina Yutzy, Catharina Kuh- 
nen. 

(19.) At the Congrees in the house of Mrs. Elizabeth 
Haig on Saturday May 19^^. Edward, son of Edward 
and Obedience McGrae; born August 5^^. 1746. Sus- 
ceptr. Thomas McFashon, Herman Gygei", Isabel 
Potts. 

Eodem Loco. 

(20.) Sunday May 20t'>- Naoniy, daughter of Nico- 
las and Naomy Fritz; born March W^^- 1748. Susceptr. 
Solomon Holmes, Sirah Snclling. no more. 

Eodem Die et IjOco. 

(2D Elizabeth, daughtei* of the parents aforesaid: 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 123 

born March 19t'i- 1744. Susceptr. Henry Snelling, and 
the mother of the baptized, no more. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(22.) Grace, daughter of Hugh and Mary Murphy; 
born May 10ti>- 1749. Susceptr. Henry Snelling, Sirah 
Snelling, Ann Ginnoway. 

(23.) At the Congrees in the house of Mrs. Elizabeth 
Haig on Sunday, May 20th. 1750, Gabriel, son of An- 
drew and Rebecca Clements; born December 25tii- 
1749. Susceptr. Marget Reece, no more. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(24.) Sirah, daughter of Thomas and Ann Cheavy; 
born April 23rd. a. c. Susceptr. Solomon Holmes, 
Elizabeth Good and the mother. 

In the Church of Orangeburgh. 

(25.) On Whit Sunday June 3'-d-, Mary, daughter of 
Joseph and Mary Grieffous; born April 12^^. a. c. Sus- 
ceptr. Adin Frogat, Mrs. Maria Catharina Ottow, Mrs. 
Ann Grieffous. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(26.) Ann, daughter of John and Barbara Potts; 
born May St^- a. c. Susceptr. Isaac Ottow, Mrs. Ann 
Ottow, Elizabeth Tshudy. 

(27.) On Sunday, June lOth- In Amelia Township at 
the house of Mrs. Mary Russell; Mary, daughter of 
James and Elizabeth Carter; born 4th. January 1749. 
Susceptr. Henry and Mary Carter, Elizabeth Tate. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(28.) Mary, daughter of John and Esther Jones; 
born 20tJ»- October 1748. Susceptr. Conrad and Mary 
Hahnan, Elizabeth Lap. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(29.) Margaret, daughter of William and Rebecca 
Hickie; born 19^1'- November 1747. Susceptr. Robert 
Gossling, Esther Jones and Mary Whitford. 



124 THE HISTORY OF 

(30.) In Amelia Township at the house of Mrs. Mary 
Russell, on Sunday, June 10*^- 1750; John, son of 
Henry and Mary Carter; born in December 1747. 
Susceptr. James Carter, James Barker and Elizabeth 
Carter. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(81.) Margaret, daughter of John and Mary Sulli- 
vant; born 15^^. June 1749. Susceptr. William Evans, 
Martha Evans, and Mary Sullivan t. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(32.) Winified and Martha, daughters of Thomas 
and Sarah Powel. 

(33.) Winifred born in May 1747, Martha born in 
April 1750. Susceptr. for both: James Carter, Mar- 
tha Evans and Sarah Powel, 

In the Church of Orangeburgh. 

(34.) On Sunday June 17tii. 

David, son of David and Ann Rumph; born April 
1st. a. c. Susceptr. Jacob Rumph, William Bear}^ 
Barbara, wife of John Jennings. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(35.) Elizabeth, daughter of Adam and Margaret 
Snell; born March lOt'i- a. c. Susceptr. John Fritch- 
man, Lovisa, wife of Jacob Horger, and Magdaline 
Werner. 

Ibidem. 

(36.) On Sunday July Ist. 

Johannes, son of Abraham and Mary Issenhut; born 
May 31st. a. c, Susceptr. Peter Hug, John Tnabnet. 
Agnes, w^fe of George Giessendanner, Junr. 

In the Church of Orangeburgh. 

(37.) On Sunday, July 1st. 

Ann, daughter of Seth and Susannah Hatcher; boi-n 
April 24th- a c. Susceptr. Michael and Regnla Larry. 
Anna Angelia, wife of I^lrich Raber, 

(38.) In Amelia at the housp of Mrs. Mary Russell. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 125 

On Sunday July 8*^. Elizabeth, daughter of Robert 
and Elizabeth Gossling; born Febi'uary 1st. 1745. Sus- 
ceptr. William Evans. Elizal)eth, wife of Thomas Bar- 
ber, and Elizabeth, widow ot Thomas Weekly. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(39.) George, son of Robert and Elizabeth Gossling 
aforesaid; born May 13^^. a. c. Susceptr. Moses Thomp- 
son, Thomas Powel, and Mary, wife of Robert Whitford. 

(40.) On Sunday, August W^^- In the Church of 
Orangeburgh. Leonard, son of Leonard and Sirrah 
Warnedow; born January 15ti>- 1749/50. Susceptr. 
Isaac Hottow, William Cooper, and Sirrah his wife. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(41.) Sirrah, daughter of John and Sirrah Clayton; 
born April 30^ii- a. c. Susceptr. William Pendarvis, 
Sirrah, wife of W^illiam Cooper, and Mary, wife of Da- 
vid Rum ph. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(42.) Johannes, son of Henry and Ann Rickenback- 

er, born . Susceptr. John Inabinet, John 

Harrisperger, and Catharina Diel. 

In the Church of Orangeburgh. 

(43.) On Sunday, September 16^^- Anna, daughter 
of Jacob and Anna Rumph; born August 26th- ^ q 
Susceptr. George Giessendanner, Junr., Mary, wife of 
Hans Balsiger and Anna, wife of Joseph Robinson. 

Eodem Loco. 

(44.) On Sunday September 30th. 

Maria, daughter of Andrew and Mary Inabnet; born 
July 27th- a q Susceptr. Caspar Negely, Maria Stehe- 
ly and Anna Amacher. 

Eodem Loco. 

(45.) On Sunday. October 2Sth. Isaac, son of Jacob 

and Barbara Brunzon; born . Susceptr. 

Abraham Yssenhut. Samuel Davis, and — wife of 

Elias Snell. 



126 THE HISTORY OF 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(46.) William, son of Joseph and Margaret Cooper; 
born September IS^h. a. c. Susceptr. William Cooper 
and Sirrah, his wife, and John Wolf. 

(47.) On Sunday November llt'i- At the house of 
Mrs. Russell in Amelia Township, Thomas, son of 
Peter and Mary Oliver; born in October last. Sus- 
ceptr. Robert and Mary Whitford, Joseph Ferstner. 

(48.) Also: John, son of John and Regania Tittleby; 
born in October last. Susceptr. David Merkly, Joseph 
Ferstner, Mary Ann, wife of Conrad Halmann. 

(49.) In the Church of Orangeburgh. On Sunday, 
November 18th- John, son of Luke and Mary Patrick 
of Edistoe Fork; born October 20th. a. e. Susceptr. 
William Barry, Jacob Rumph, and Ann, his wife. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(50.) Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas and Catharina 
Puckridge; born September 21st. a. c. Susceptr. Wil- 
liam Barry, Ann, wife of Henry Ricken backer, and 
Ann, wife of John Deramus. 

Eodem Loco. 

(51.) On Sunday, November 25th. George, son of 
Jacob and Barbara Bowmann; born September 15th. y 
c. Susceptr. George Giessendanner, Junr., Jacob 
Rumph and Ann, his wife. 

Eodem Loco. 

(52.) On Sunday, December 2nd, Hans George, son 
of John and Susannah P'rydie; born November 29th. a. 
c. Susceptr. John Inabnet, George Giessendanner, 
Senr., and Anna Angelia, wife of Virich Rebei-. 

Eodem Loco. 

(53.) On Sunday, December lO'h. Cathaiina, daugh- 
ter of Henry and Catharina Strowman; born Novem- 
ber a. c. Susceptr. Jacob Giegelman. Ann Elizabeth, 
wife of John Ciegelman, and Ann. wift' of Henry 
Hicken backer. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 127 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(54.) Ann Margaret, daughter of Peter and Ann 
Griffons; born October 14fi^- a. c. Susceptr. Joseph 
Griffons and* 
1751. 

(55.) In the Church of Orangeburgh. On Sunday, 
January 20^1^- Hans Heinrich, son of Joseph and Ann 
Koch; born November 2Stii- last. Susceptr. Henry 
Wetstine, Hans Negely and Regula, wife of Michael 
Larry. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(56.) Isaac, son of Peter and Margaret Barbara Hot- 
tow; born December 4th. last. Susceptr. Isaac Hot- 
tow, Charles Hottow and Ann Margaret, wife of 
George Shuler. 

(57.) On Sunday. January 27^1^- Abraham, son of 
Johnathan and Martha Brunson; born March 26th. 
1749. Susceptr. Isaac Gleaton, Abraham Yssenhut, 
and Sirrah Hard man. 

(58.) On Sunday, February 3rd. Eva Maria, daugh- 
ter of Werner and Anna Maria ITlmer; born Decem- 
ber 2Sth. last. Susceptr. Hans George Shuler, Senr., 
Anna Maria, wife of John Shaumloffel, and Esther Ott. 

(59.) On Sunday, February 17^^- William, son of 
John and Eva Catharina Jubb; born December 19th- 
last. Susceptr. Abraham Hasfort, William Pendar- 
vis, Anna Elizabeth, wife of John Giegelman. 

(70.)f On Sunday, June 2nd. In Orangeburgh 
Church. Thomas, son of Joseph and Margaret Duke;' 
born 4th. September last. Susceptr. David Rumph, 
Ulrich Roth. Sertina, wife of Brand Pendarvis. 

(71.) On Monday, June 17th. John Ulrich, son of 
Peter and Ann Roth; born 12th. ^f this instant. Sus- 

*Other names obliterated. 

tFroni (»0 to ()9, inclusive, lost from the book. 



128 



THE HISTORY OF 



ceptr, John Giessendanner, George Giessendanner, 

Junr., Elizabeth Roth, widow. 

' On Sunday, June 30f'>- In Ditto. 

(72.) Rachel, daughter of John and Rachel Brun- 
zon; born December 1746. Susceptr. Joseph Couture, 
Mary, his wife, Ann, wife of Joseph Griffith. 

Eodeni Die et Loco. 

(73.) Alexander, son of John and Rachel Brnnzon; 
born in March 1749. Susceptr. Joseph Griffith and 
Ann, his wife, and John Elders. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(74.) Sirrah, daughter of John and Rachel Brunzon; 
born in January last. Susceptr. William Pendarvis. 
Ann, wife of Joseph Griffith, Mary, wife of Joseph 
Couture. 

(75.) On Sunday, July 14th. In Amelia Township. 
Catharina, daughter of John and Mary Morrison; born 
the 13th- May last. Susceptr. William Thompson. 
Rebeccah Thompson, Eugenia Russell. 

(76.) On Sunday, September Sth. In Amelia Town- 
ship. James William, son of William and Mary Eliza- 
beth Heatly; born July 27tii. last. Susceptr. John 
Russell, William Thompson, Eugenia Russell. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(77.) John Henry, son of Joseph and Mary Eestner; 
born in August last. Susceptr. Nicolas Durr, Henry 
Whetstone, Eleanor, wife of John Whetstone. 

Eodem Die. 

(78.) William, son of Garret and Agnesia Fitz Pat- 
rick; born March 27*''- last. Susceptr. Robert Rogers, 
John Fouquett, and Ann Mary, his wife. 

(79.) On Sunday, September 15th- Jn Orangeburgh 
Church. Peter, son of Johannes and Elizabeth Wolf; 
born August 2Stli. last. Susceptr. John Giessendan- 
ner, Hans Imdortf, and Magdalena, his wife. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 129 

(SO.) Maiy. daughter of Gavin and Margaret Pon; 
boi-n August 8rd. last. Susceptr. Lucas Wolf, Eliza- 
beth, wife of Phili[) Jennings, and Margaret, wife of 
Joseph Cooper. 

(81.) On Sunday, (3ctoher 27th. 1751. In Orange- 
burgh Church, dohn, son of David and Mary Jackson; 
born October 4^''. curr. Susceptr. Peter and Joseph 
Griffith, Maria Catharina, wife of Isaac Hottow. 

(82.) On Sunday, November 3rd. In Ditto. Hans 
Henry, son of William and Anna Meekel; born Octo- 
ber 3i"*^ last. Susceptr. Uliich Roth, Henry Hayni 
and Barbara, his wife. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(83.) Hans Ulrick. son of Felix and Margaret Morff; 
born April lO^'i- last. Susceptr. John Giessendanner, 
John Heller, Margaret, wife of Peter Larry. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(84,) Margaret, daughter of Barnard and Susanna 
Elizabeth Shnell; born May 15^'i- last. Susceptr. Ja- 
cob Roth. Barbara, wife of Henry Haym, and Marga- 
ret, wife of Adam Shnell. ^ 

(85.) On Sunday, December 1st. Samuel, son of 
John and Margaret Inabnet; born October 24th- jj^yt. 
Susceptr. Samuel Suther, John Friday, Junr., Mary, 
wife of John Balziger. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(86.) Maria, daughter of Michael Christopher and 
Margaret Rowe; born October 25t'i- last. Susceptr. 
John and Barbara Giessendanner, Isaac Hottow, Su- 
sanna Barbara (liessendanner. 

(87.) On Sunday December 15<i'- 1751. In Orange- 
burgh Church. Jacob, son of Thomas and Anna Maria 
Eberhardt; born November 26th. last. Suscei»tr. Ja- 
cob (liessendanner, Jacob Ott, Magdalena Werner. 

(88.) On Sunday, December 29th. Elizabeth, daugh- 
ter of John and Elizabeth Burdell: born October 29ti' 



180 THE HISTORY OF 

1750. Susceptr, Peter Faure ai.d Sarah, his wife, Bar- 
bara, wife of John Jeunings. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(89.) Mary, daughter of David and Mary Rumph: 
horn August 16^''- 1751. Susceptr. Brand Pendarvis, 
Ann, wife of Joseph lU)l)inson, Ann, wife of Jacoh 
Rumph. 
1752. 

(90.) January 1st., John, son of Henry and Mary 
Elizabeth Felder; born December 12t''- 1751. Susceptr. 
Jacob Rumph, Jacob Giessendanner, Anna Margaret, 
wife of Jacob Strowman. 

On Sunday, January \2^^^- In Amelia. 

(91.) Rosin a, daughter of John and Regina Tittily: 
born January 6t'>- 1752. Susceptr. David and Rosina 
Markly, Ann Mary Festner. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(92.) Charles, son of John and Sophianisba McCord: 
born November 7^*^ 1751. Susceptr. Charles Russell. 
John and Rachel Lloyd. 

(98.) On Sunday, January 12<''- In Amelia. 

Rachel Elizabeth, daughter of John and Rachel 
Lloyd; born October 9tii- 1751. Susceptr. Charles 
Russell, Eugenia Russell, Mary Elizabeth, wife of Wil- 
liam Heatly. 

On Sunday, February 2nd. In Orangeburgh Church. 

(94.) Johann Nicolas, son of Hans Ceorge and Cath- 
arina Hessy: born* Susceptr. John Heller, Nicolas 
Shuler, Margaret, wife of (Uiristopher Howe. 

(95.) On Sunday, February 28rd. Rebekar. daughter 
of Samuel and Willoughby Fox: born September llti>- 

1751. Susceptr. John Bni-dell. Mary Fox, Elizabeth, 
wife of William Barrie. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 131 

On Siuidny. March St'i- In Amelia. 

(9().) John, son of Joseph and Miles Joyner; boin 
the 15^'» of July 1750. Susceptr. John Russell Joseph 
Jackson, and Mary Jackson. 

On Sunday, March lo^ii. In Orangeburgh Church. 

(97.) Sarah, daughter of Leonard and Sarah Warne- 
dow; Ix^rn* Susceptr.f 

(9S.) April I3f''- Baptized. Catharina, daughter of 
Joseph and Anne Deranius; horn 12f'i- of February 
last. Susceptr. William Bonnell, Barbara Pund. 
widow, and Catharina. wife of Thomas Prickridge. 

(99.) On Sunday, April 26tii- In Orangeburgh Church. 
Benjamin, son of Brand and Sertina Pendaivis: born 
February 9th last. Susceptr. Gavin Pou, Samuel 
Suther, Sarah, wife of William Cooper. 

(100.) On Sunday May lO^''- In Amelia. Elizabeth, 
daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth Barker; born 
March 17<i>- last. Susceptr. John Russell, Elizabeth, 
wife of Miles Riley, and Mary Camniel. 

On Sunday May 17t'»- In Amelia Church. 

(101.) Maria Catharina, daughter of Martin Stoud- 
enmeyer and Anna, his wife; born February Sti>- last. 
Susceptr. Fi-ederick Huber, Mary Catharina. wife of 
Elias Snell, and Maria Catharina, wife of Isaac Hot- 
tow. 

(102.) On Sunday, June 21st. In Ditto. Johannes, 
son of Adam and Margaret Snell; born March the 
2Sti>- i^igt" vSusceptr. John Harrisperger. Henry and 
Mary Elizabeth Felder. 

June 21st. Baptized in Orangeburgh Church. 

(103.) Johannes, Son of Richard ».^' Mary Busk; Born 
May 2^ last; 

Suscept.'". David linni])li. Brand Pendarvis. and Ser- 
tina. his wife ■ • ■ 

*No date yiven. tN<»i"<' .uivni. 



132 THE HISTORY OF 

(104.) On Sunday June 2Sth hi Ditto. 

James. Son of John «S: Christina Fairy; Born Dec'; 
29t[» 1751. Suscepti; Joseph Griffith, Seth Hatchen 
Christina Fairy. 

(105.) On Sunday July 12^}} In Amelia at the House 
of Mary Russell. 

John, Son of Morris & Phibbe OHearn; Born March 
17th. 1752. Suscepti;. 

Caspar Brown, John Elders Sen. Mary, wife of Con- 
rad Holman. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(106.) Priscilla, Daughter of Thomas & Frances Cur- 
tis; Born Septembr 23^? 1751. 

Suscepfi; William Thompson, Ann Cox, & Phible. 
wife of Morris OHearn 

(107.) On Monday July 13tA' In Amelia at the 
House of William Martin. 

Samuel, Son of Thomas & Faithful Joyner; born 
January 13'.'.^ 1752. Suscept*; John Gardner, James 
Cape, Agnes Joyner. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(108.) Elizabeth, Daughter of Thomas & Faithful 
Joyner; born Sept»; 17^^ 1749. Suscept'; James Cape, 
Agnes Joyner, Elizabeth Frances. 

(109.) July 13th Baptized. In Amelia at the House 
of William Martin. 

Mary, Daughter of Paul & Naomi Bunch; born July 
71th. 1750. and 

(110.) Elizabeth, their Daughter: born April 17fh 
1752. Suscept'; for both: Joseph Joyner, Winifred 
Joyner, Mary Bunch. 

(111.) On Sunday July 26th In Orangeburgh Church. 
Mary=Elizabeth, Daughter of Jacob A: Ann-Apolloni;i 
Wolf; born May 29th 1752. Suscepf; John (leorge 
Hessy, Ann Diedrick. Ann Wolf. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 138 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(112.) Elizabeth. Daughter of William & Bellinder 
Booth; born July (>t[i. 1752. 

Suscepf; Henry Felder. Mary, wife of Joseph Grif- 
fice, Magdalene Werner. 

(113.) On Sunday August 2<i ... Tn Ditto. 

Jacob, Son of Jacob & Anna Rumph; born July 9th. 
1752. Susceptl John Friday Jun. Abraham Yssenhut, 
Barbara, wife of Jacob Bowman. 

(114.) On Sunday August 9^.1» In Amelia. 

John. Son of Patrick & Ann Railly; born July 12^^. 
1752. Susceptll Conrad Holman, Garret Fitz Patrick. 
& Mary, wife of Robert Whitford. 

(115.) August 16^;''. Baptized In Orangeburgh Church. 

Michael, Son of Michael & Regula Larry; Born Jul}' 
8th. 1752. Suscept':. John Giessendanner, Samuel Su- 
ther, Margaret, wife of Michael Christopher Row. 

(116.) On Sunday August 30^.^ In Ditto. 

John, Son of John & Sirrah Clayton; born October 
25th 1751. SusceptL Luke Partrick, Brand Pendarvis. 
& Sirrah, wife of Peter Faure. 

(117.) On Sunday Septembi; 24th. . in Amelia. 

Mary. Daughter of Henry & Mary Carter; Born Au- 
gust 10th. i750_ Sureties; Joseph Clarry, Elizabeth 
Lapp, & Mary=Ann, wife of Conrad Holman. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(118.) Joseph, Son of the Pai'ents aforesaid; Born 
April 13th 1752. Sureties: Joseph Clarry, Charles 
Russell, Elizabeth Jones. 

(119.) On Sunday Octobi; 22'1 In Orangel)urgh Church. 

Verena=Maria, Daughter of Wenner & Ann=Mary 
Ulmer; born August 29th. 1752. SusceptI John Friday 
Jun. Verena, wife of Nicholas Shuler. «t Anna^Maria. 
wife of Nicholas Durr. 

(12(1.) On Sunday Oct()l)r29th.. In Ditto. 

Antony. Son of Joseph iV: Ann Robinson: l)()iii An- 



184 THE HISTORY OF 

gust 23<J 1752. Susceptl John Jennings. Henry Crufii- 
my, & Sarah, wife of William Cooper. 

(121.) On Sunday Octol)! 2^M}}. Baptized in Orang-. 
Church. 

Elizabeth, Daughter of Joseph »i: Margaret Coopei-: 
born in August last. Suscept^ Jacob Wolf. Ann 
Wolf, & Margaret, wife of (laviu Pou. 

(122.) On Sunday Novembi 12^'' In Amelia. 

Mary, Daughter of Michael t^ Mary.. Magdalene 
Looser; born Septl 8^? 1752. Susceptu Geoi'ge- Ulrick 
Carich, Mary^^Ann, wife of Conrad Haiman, tV: Mary= 
ReginaTittely. 

Eodem Die et Loco, 

(123.) Frederica, Daughter of Martin & Magdalena 
Poutchmouth; born Octobi; 28'? 1752. Susceptr Valen- 
tine Shoemaker, & Lorotliea Shoemaker, & Mary=Ann. 
wife of Conrad Hahuan. 

(124.) On Tuesday Novj; \P}} Administered private 
Baptism at the House of Peter Larry in Presence of 
the said Peter Larry, Peter Negely. Hans Negely etc. 
to 

Hans Jacob, Son of Jacob & Catharina Koonen: 
Born Octobi: l«t 1752. 

(125.) On Sunday Novi: 19^'.^ In Orangeburgh Church. 

William, Son of Joseph it Margaret Orieffous; born 
Octobi: 2<i 1752. SusceptI Christian Roth, Peter Grief- 
fous, wife of Elias, Mary=Catliarina. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(12(^.) Susannah, Daughter of John H: Barl)ara (lies- 
sendanner: Born Thursday night Octob"; 2^^^}} 1752. 
Suscept£ John=William Leysaht c\: Ursula, his wife. 
Margaret, wife of Michael Christopher Bow. 

(127.) Baptized in Orangel)urgh Chundi. On Thurs- 
day, November 28'<l' Ijuke, son of laike and Mary 



ORANCxEBURa COVTNTY. 135 

Partrick, born 1752. Susceptr. Peter Faure.* 

Rebecca, wife of Christian Mi n nick. 

On Sunday, Deceml)er 3'<'- 

(128.) Johann Henry, son of Samuel and Elizabeth 
Suther; born October 2nd. 1752. Susceptr. John Har- 
risperpjer, Henry Rickenbacker, and Anna, his wife. 

On Sunday, December lO^'i- In Amelia. 

(129.) Absolom, son of John and Agnes Griff'en; 
born September 21st. 1748. Sureties: Nathan Joyner 
and Winifred, his wife, and Mary Ann, wife of Conrad 
Hal man. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(130.) Choice, daughter of John and Agnes UritTen. 
born January 3rd. 1750. Susceptr. John William 
Leysaht, Mary Ann. wife of Coniad Holman, and 
Winifred, wnfe of Nathan Joyner. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(131.) Charles, son of Nathan and Winifred Joyner; 
born September 27fi^- 1751. Susceptr. John Griffen. 
Gideon Bunch, and Elizabeth Makkie. 

(132.) On Sunday, December 17tii- In Orangeburgh 
Church. Anne, daughter of Jacob and Ann Catharina 
Wannamaker; born May 31st. 1752. Susceptr. Hans 
George Shuler. Senr.. und Catharina. his wife, and 
Mary Margaret vSknyder. widow. 

(133.) Baptized in Orangeburgh Church, on Sunday. 
December 24fi'- William, son of James and Margaret 
Tilly: born October l)ti>- 1752. Susceptr. William 
Barrie. William Coopei-. and Margaret, wife of Chris- 
topher Rowe. 

On Christmas Day. December 25fi'- 

(134.) Henry, son of Peter and Margaret liarbara 

Hottow. l)orn 175 — . Susce[)tr. Henry Sally. 

Junr.. Isaac Hottow. Susannah Vcmn, 

"Xcxt iiMUic <il>l iterated. 



136 THE HISTORY OF 

1753. 

(135.) On Sunday, February 4th. Johann. Caspar, 
son of John Caspar and Anna Barbara Mintz; born 
January 2(i»ti>- 1753. Susceptr. John Friday, Seiir:, 
John Friday, Junr.. and Susannah, his wife. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

( 136.) Margaret. Daughtei- of Gottlieb & Anne Eljei't; 
l)orn January 21st. 1753. Suscept^;. John Aniacher 
Juni'-, Margaret, wife of Peter Larry. «t Margaret, wife 
of Ulrick Stereky. 

On Sunday February I U.',' In Amelia. 

(137.) Catharina. .Margaret. Daughter of Thomas A: 
Margaret Cronimelich; born Feb£ d^}} 1753. Suscept^' 
Mathew & Margaret Sreferet, & Catharine Ax. 

On Sunday, Feb": \S^}} In Orangel)urgh Church. 

(138.) Isaac and Jacob, Twins. Sons of Abraham &■ 
Mary Yssenhut; born Decern l)|; 2()t^ 1752. Suscepf; 
for Isaac: Henry & Mary., Elizabeth Felder, and Hans 
Balziger. 

(139.) SusceptJ; for Jacob: Jacob Rumph, Joseph 
Duke, iV: Mary, wife of Hans Balziger. 

On Sunday February \^^}} 1753. In Orang: Church. 

(140.) Catharina, Daughter of John & Catharina 
Miller; born January 3*? 1753. Suscept^ John Giessen- 
danner, Verena, wife of Henry Wurtzer and Elizabeth, 
wife of John Harrisperger. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(141.) Theodor, Son of Nicolas & Mary Dirr: born 
January 20tji 1753. Snscept/ Theodoris Fichtner, 
Adam Snell, & Barbara, wife of Henry Snell Sen'; 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(142.) John, Son of Emanuel .^' Mary Miller; l)orn 
January 15tji 1753, SusceptL John Inabnet. John Har- 
risperger, & Elizabeth, wife of Samuel Suthcr. 

On Sunday February 25f'.> In Ditto. 

(143.) Christian, Son of liarnard *.V: Susannah-. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 137 

Elizabeth Snell; born Dec.'; 20ti' 1752. Suscept.r Mi- 
(.'hael Christopher Row, John Anding. & Elizabeth, 
wife ottSamuel Sntlier. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(144.) Joseph, son of Robert and Frances Ellison; 
!)orn .lanuary S^JJ 1753. Suscept>; Jacob GJiessendan- 
oer, Martin Sally, <t Elizabeth Ellison. 

On Sunday March 25^.1.^ In Ditto. 

(145.) William, son of John & Sarah Clayton; born 
Decenibj; iStii 1752. Suscepf; John Kays, John Logan, 
A: I^lizabeth, wife of Samuel Suther. 

Baptized In Orange burgh Ohurch. 

(146.) On Sunday March 25t.ii 

Gideon, son of Philip & Elizabeth Jennings; born 
Feb': 17^11. 1753. Suscept^; Jacob Rumph, John Clay- 
ton, it Barbara, wife of John Jennings. 

On Sunday, April 1st. In Ditto. 

(147.) Johannes, Son of Joseph & Anna Koch; born 
March 17tii. 1753. Suscept£ John Harrisperger, John 
Amacher Jun. & Margaret, wii'e of Peter Larry Sen. 

On Sunday April S^}} In Amelia. 

(148.) Mary. Daughter of William & Mary.-Eliza- 
I)eth Heatly; born March 3^? 1753, Suscept£ James 
Courtonne, Rachel, wife of John Lloyd, and Rebecca 
Thompson. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(149.) Barbara, Daughter of William & Barbara Tash: 
horn March 5^1. 1753. SusceptI Frederick Burckhard 
Margaret, wife of Henry Kaun, & Barbara Burkhard. 

(150.) On Tuesday April 10ti\ At the House of Moses 
Thompson, Esql' hi Amelia. 

George, Son of William Vance Deceased, it Sarah, 
his wife; bom November S^l'. 1751. Suscept?; Moses 
Thompson Esq'.' . William 'IMiompson. Rebecca/rhomp- 
son. 

(151.) Baptized • In Orangelnirgh Chiii'ch. 



138 THE HISTORY OF 

On Easter^ Sunday April 22^ 

Bernhard=David, Son of Jobn,.Jacob & Christiana.. 
Barbara Hungerbnller; born Dec\' 24^.'.' 1752. Suscep]: 
Bernhard Zeigler, David Kuntzenaaer. & Ana..Mar- 
garet Barrin 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(152.) Anne. Daughter of Henry Jun. and Magdalene 
Sally; born Dec"; W}}. 1752. SnsceptL Martin Sally. 
Anne, wife of Jacob Kahnen Sen. & Christina, wife of 
Nicholas Yonn. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(153.) Zibilla..Catharina, Daughter of Conrad &: 
Mary=Elizabeth Hungerbnller; born Feb'; \^ 1753. 
Susceptr Henry Shilling, Zibilla..Catharina Petrin, & 
Catharina Barrin 

(154.) On Sunday April 29th. , jo Ditto. 

Joseph, Son of Joseph & Martha Wood; born Janu- 
ary 20th. 1753 Suscepf: John Giessendanner, John 
William Leysaht, & Susan nah,,Barbara Giessendan- 
ner. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(155.) Grace, Daughter of William & Sarah Heart; 
born March 19th 1753. SusceptL Martin Sally, Eliza- 
beth, wife of William Barrie, & Rebeccah, wife of 
Christian Minnick. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(156.) Sarah, Daughter of Joseph & Margaret Duke; 
born March 15th 1753 Suscept^ Peter Faure. and 
Sarah, his wife, & Elizabeth, wife of Samuel Suther. 

(157.) Baptized .... In Amelia. 

On Sunday May 20ti' 

Mary., Daughter of John S: Mary Sullivan: born 
January 27th. 1752. Susceptj; Kobert Gossling. Mary, 
wife of liobert Whitford, and Elizabeth, wife of 
Thomas Barker. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 139 

Eodeni Die et Loco: 

(158.) Charles Foiiquett. Son of Archibald Campbell 
A: Eugenia, his wife, dec^ born Nov I". 4:^}}. 1751. Sus- 
cept£ John Fouquett Esq^ James Bently & Susannah, 
his wife. 

(159.) On Sunday May 27tii In Orangeburgh Church. 
Lydia, Daughter of David & Mary Jackson; born March 
4^}} 1753. SusceptI William Cooper & Sarah, his wife, 
it Margaret, wife of Joseph Oriffice 

(160.) On Whitsunday June U)[^}. In Orang: Church. 

Ann=Catharina, Daughter of Barnard & ApoUonia 
Lebennder. born May 27^.'.*. 1753. Suscept£ John & 
Ann..Catliarina Simmons, & Catharina Funtzius, 
widow. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(161.) Elizabeth. .Barbara, Daughter of P^lias & 
Mary. .Catharina Snell: born May 10^'.' 1753. SusceptL 
Frederick Huber, & Anna.. Barbara, his wife, & Eliza- 
beth, wife of John Harrisperger. 

(162.) Baptized In Orangeburgh Church. 

On Whit Sunday June 10^1'. . . 

John Henry; Son of Charles & Ann Hottovv; born 
May 2(5ti> 1753. • SusceptL Henry Mill: Jacob Tshudy, 
Margaret McLannon. 

(163.) On Sunday June 17^.';. . . In xAmelia. 

Mary. .Ann, Daughter of Conrad ct Mary. .Ann Hal- 
man; born May 14t'.\ 1753. 

SusceptI Caspar Brown. Maria, wife of Joseph Fest- 
ner, and Kegina. wife of John Willis 

(164.) On Sunday June 14^.'.'. In Orangeburgh Church. 

Jolm. Son of John «t Elizabeth Burdell: born March 
\7\\\ 1753. Suscei)t^ Chri.st()i)her Kow, Jn*» William 
Leysaht. it Margaret, wife of CliristV Ivow. 

(1()5.) On Sunday July S'.i'. in Amelia. 

Marv. Dauiihter of Jolin ct Aiiues (Ji-ilfen: born 



140 THE HISTORY OF 

April 218^. 1753. Susceptl" Caspar Brown, Brigitta 
Smith, & Mary, wife of Martin Poutchmouth. 

(166.) On Sunday Jnly 2^)^}} In Orangeburgh Church. 

William, Son of William & Mary Yoang; Born May 
19th. 1753. Susceptr John Giessendanner, Lewis Lin- 
der, & Mary.. Magdalene, his wife. 

(167.) On Sunday August 12th. !„ Amelia. 

Mary.. Margaret, Daughter of Matthew & Margaret 
Sigfritt; born June W^± 1758. Susceptl Thomas Gum- 
ble, Margaret & Mary. .Ann Sigfritt. 

(168.) Baptized In Orangeb';. Church. 

On Sunday August 19Hl- • - ■ 

Elizabeth, Daughter of Henry & Ann Rickenbacher: 
born July 3<? 1753. SusceptL Henry Shilling, Eliza- 
beth, wife of John Harrisperger, & Catharina, wife of 
Hans George Hessy. 

(169.) On Sunday Septl 16th. in Saxagotha Town- 
ship. 

Margaret, Daughter of Peter & Elizabeth Mercier, 
born July 25th. 1753, Suscepf; William & Esther 
Seawright, Elizabeth Mercier- - - 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(170.) William, Son of Alex": & Margaret McGrue: 
born April 24th 1752. Suscepf; Alexander & Mary 
Eraser, Mary McGrue. 

(171.) On Sunday Sepf; 23^ In Orangeburgh Chl£h. 

Johannes, Son of John William & Ursula Leysaht: 
born Sept r. 2«? 1753. Suscept'; John & Barbara Gies- 
sendanner, Michi Christopher Rowe. 

(172.) On Sunday Septl 30th. . . In Ditto. 

Johannes, Son of John Jun. and Susannah Fridig: 
born Septr 9th 1753. SusceptL Ulrick Raber, John 
Balziger Sen: and Maigaret, wife of Christopher Row- 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(178.) Elizabeth, Daughter of John «t Eva..Cathari- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 141 

na Jubb; born February VS^J} 1753. Suscept^ * Mary, 
wife of Joseph Couton, & Catharina, wife of George 
Hessy 

Baptized at the House of John Eberly, 

(174.) On Thursday Octob.': 11th.. 

Susannah, Daughter of John & Ann Eberly; born in 
August 1758. Suscept£ Eberhardt & Ann Kirchner, 
& Mary.. Magdalene, wife of Lewis Linder. 

On Sunday Octob£ 21-!^^ In Orangeburgh Church. 

(175.) Frederick, Son of Henry & Mary.. Elizabeth 
Felder; born Septemb]! 1^ 1753. Suscept£^ Frederick 
Huber, Nicholas Shuler, & Barbara, wife of John Jen- 
nings. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(176.) John=Frederick, Son of Nicholas & Verena 
Shuler; born SeptembLS^h 1753 Susceptl^ Frederick 
nimer, Francis Koonen, & Ann.. Mary, wife of Warner 
Ulmer. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(177.) Elizabeth, Daughter of Lewis & Mary=Bar- 
bara Roth; born OctobL 12th 1753^ SusceptL Jacob 
Giessendanner, Elizabeth, wife of Samuel Suther. & 
Ann ApoUonia, wife of Jacob Wolfe. 

On Sunday Octobi 28th in Ditto. 

(178.) Robert, Son of Gavin & Margaret Pou; born 
Septemb£ lllji 1753. Suscept^ Christopher Rowe, John 
Logan, Barbara, wife of John Jennings. 

On Sunday Novemb£ 4th. ii^ Ditto. 

(179.) Mary. .Elizabeth, Daughter of Lewis & Catha- 
rina.. Elizabeth Kern; born Oct I". 6t^i 1753. 

Suscept^ Frederick Huber, Margaret, widow of Ja- 
cob Gyger, & Anna.. Elizabeth, wife of John Giegel- 
nian. 

Baptized In Orangeburgh Church. 

"■•First nuiiie <>l)lit('r;ite(l. 



J 42 THE HISTORY OF 

(180.) On Sunday Novembi: 25U> 

Elizabeth, Dangbter of John & Barbara Piatt: born 

October 28^.1' 1753 SusceptH Ulrick Koth, Ann. 

wife of William Meckel, & Ann, wife of Peter Griffith. 

On Sunday December ^^]} In Amelia. 

(181.) Lydia, Daughter of Thomas & Elizabetli Cry- 
er; born May 2<? 1753. SusceptL Garret Fitz=Patrick. 
Ann, wife of Thomas Rally, & Priscilla, wife of Wil- 
liam Martin. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(182.) Margaret.. Catharin a, Daughter of Valentine 
& Margaret Shoemaker; born Novembr lO^i' 1753. 
Suscept£ Jacob Whideman, Margaret Myer and Ann 
Myer. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(183.) Ann. .Margaret, Daughter of Michael & Ann.. 
Mary Smith; born SeptembL 7^^ 1753. SusceptT John 
Myer, Barbara, wife of Henry Whetstone. &■ Ann. .Mar- 
garet Darweta, 

(184.) On Tuesday Decemb£ W^ Administered pri- 
vate Baptism at the House of Mary Stehely to Mar- 
garet, Daughter of Caspar & Mary Oth; born Sepf; 
29th 1753. Present: Melchior Oth, Joseph Kryter. 
John Negely etc. etc. 

(185.) On Friday Decenibi; 14^^ Administered private 
Baptism at the House of Henry Stareky to Ann. 
Daughter of 8 ti Henrys Elizabeth Stareky; born No- 
vembL 2811^ 1753. Present: Haym, Peter Negely. 

(186.) On Wednesday Decemb'; 2()ti'. 1753. In 
Oraneb. Church. Baptized 

Zibilla. Daughter of Barnard Si Anne. .Mary Ziegler: 
born Dec; \0\\^ 1753. SusceptL Joseph & Elizabeth 
Huber, & Zibilla Fiintzius • ■ • • 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(187.) Mary. .Margaret. Danghtei' of Hans..(ie()rge «t 
Kosina liussel: born Octol)'; 25^'' 1753. Suscept^ Peter 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 143 

^yi: Margaret.. Barbara Hottow, & Mary, wife of Abraham 
Yssenhut. 

(ISS.) Oa Sunday Decern br 30*^---. In Ditto. 

Susannah, Daughter of James & Elizabeth Carter; 
born August 29|ii 1753. Suseepti: David Hall, Mar- 
garet, wife of Christopher Rowe, & Barbara, wife of 
John Jennings. 
1754 

(189.) January li^ In Ditto. 

John, son of John.,Peter & Magdalene Tondel; born 
Noverabi 30t'i 1753. Suscept£ John.. Veronica Anding, 
& P'rederick Huber. 

(190.) On Sunday January 131^ • • • • In Ditto. 

Hans Ulrick, Son of Christian & Elizabeth Roth; 
born January b^l^ 1754. Suscept£ Hans Roth, Ulrick 
Roth, & Ann, wife of Charles Hottow 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(191.) Margaret, Daughter of John & Margaret Ina-b- 
net; born January 2^ 1754. SusceptL Caspar Negely. 
Magdalene, wife of Hans Iradorff, and Magdalene 
Hugg, widow- . . 

(192.) Baptized in Oiangeburgh Church. 

On Sunday February 3*) • • ■ 

Jacob, Son of Jacob «t Mary=Susaunah Herlan; born 
January 29^^^ 1754. Suseepti' Joseph & Susannah Kry- 
ter & John Mintz. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(193.) Margaret.. Barbara, Daughter of George.. Fred- 
erick & Elizabeth Knobel; born December bSt.'i. 1753. 
.... Suscept/ Nicolas Dirr. Bai'bara Egly. cV: Margaret 
Fichtner 

(194.) On Sunday February lOU' ■ ■ • In Amelia. 

Mary, Daughter of John iV: Sophinisba M<:C(n-d: born 
Decembll ID.'.' 1753: Suscept': William i\: Mary.. Eliza- 
beth Heatly. cV: Rachel, wife of John Lloyd. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 



144 THE HISTORY OF 

(195.) Mary. .Elizabeth, Daughter of John & Eegina 
Tittily; born January 3*? 1754. SusceptI Jacob Peck, 
Mary.. Ann, wife of Conrad Halnian, & Brigitta Smith. 

(196.) On Sunday February 17^.';. In Orangeburgh 
Church. 

Abraham, Son of Abraham & Susannah La Puis: 
born February 2^ 1754. SusceptI Henry Haym, Jo- 
seph Huber & Eli2;abeth, his wife. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(197.) John, .Christopher, Son of Caspar Andrery k 
Sophia.. Elizabeth Hannicke; born February l()t'.> 1754. 
Suscept^ John Giessendanner, Christopher Row, & Ver- 
ena, wife of Henry Wurtzer. 

Eodem Die et Loco. 

(198.) Catharina=Barbara, Daughter of Stephen t^' 
Mary.. Ann Whitman; born FebL3<? 1754. SusceptL 
John Friday Jun. Catharina, wife of Henry Stroman, 
& Barbara, wife of Frederick Huber. 

(199.) Baptized . • • • In Orangeburgh Church. 

On Sunday February 17^11 

Mary=Catharina, Daughter of Wenner & Ann. .Mary 
Ulmer; born January 9H^ 1754. SusceptI George Hes- 
sy, Mary, wife of Nicolas Dirr, & Catharina Barrin. 

(200.) On Friday February 22'} Administered pri- 
vate Baptism at the House of Hans Imboden to Ulrick, 
Son of the said Hans & Catharina Imboden; born Jan- 
uary 25Hl 1754. Present Peter Negely, Joseph Koch, 
&c. &c. 

(201.) On Sunday March mji In Amelia. 

Garret, Son of Garret & Agnesia Fitz •Patrick; born 
Novemby 9ti' 1753. SusceptI John. .Frederick Ox, 
William Ballentine, & Mary. .Ann, wife of Conrad Hal- 
man. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(202.) Rosina, Daughter of John. .Conrad & Juliana 
Huber; born 1754. . . 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 145 

Suscepf Joseph Festner, Rosina Marky, & Margaret 
Koriig. 

(203.) Eodem Die et Looo:* 

(204.) On Sunday March 17^' In Orangeburgh 

Church. 

Ann. Daughter of John & Esther Heller; horn Janu- 
ary l^t 1754. Suscepf Peter Roth, Magdalene, wife of 
Peter Murer Jun.. & Catharina, wife of Hans.. George 



(205.) Baptized . ■ . • In Oi-angeburgh Church. 

On Sunday March 24t'i 

Peter.. Herman. Son of Henry & Magdalene Crum- 
my; born Feb'; 2^) 1754. Suscepf Hans Imdorf. Hen- 
ry & Mary.. Elizabeth Felder. . . 

(206.) On Wednesday April 3<? At the House of 
----- Mr. Daniel Shyder. 

John, Son of the s'? Daniel & Elizabeth Shyder; born 
March 20th 1754. Suscept'' John Giessendanner, John 
Baker, & Susan nah=Barbara, wife of George Giessen- 
danner. 

(207.) On Sunday April 7t''. . In Amelia. 

Mary, Daughter of Samuel Bly & Margaret Beck; 
born March l«t 1754. Suscept=^ Peter Beck, Mary,, 
Ann, wife of Conrad Hal man, & Mary, wife of Robert 
Whitford... 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(20S.) Anna, Daughter of Henry t*i: Margaret Koone: 
born March S^' 1754. Suscept= Jacob Wideman, An- 
na, widow of Hans Whetstone, cV: Barl)ara. wife of 
Henry Whetstone. 

(209.) On Thursday April 1 P>' In Orageburgh 
Church. Hans=Emanuel, Son of John^^Martin and 
Ann,,Margai"et Hossleiter: born March istii 1754. Sus- 

■■^This wiiolc entry luis Ix'cii crMscd from tiic liook, or else \v:is lu'vcr 
jmt in. 



146 THE HISTORY OF 

cept= Emanuel Miller, John& Elizabeth Harrisperger. 

(210.) On Easteiv.Snnday April 14tji Baptized. 

In Orangeburgh Church. 

George^^Adam, Son of John, ^Frederick & Mary.^Bar- 
bara Ulmer; born March 20^'' 1754. Suscepti" Nicolas 
Shuler, George Hessy, & Julianna, wife of Henry 
Snell Jun. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(211.) Mary,,Elizabeth, Daughter of John & Eliza- 
beth Waber; born March 24»i» 1754. Suscep= Nicolas 
Waber Jun, Anna^^Maria, wife of Nicolas Waber, Sen^^ 
& Eve,,Elizabeth Hertzog/ 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(212.) Mary ^.Elizabeth. Daughter of Jacob & Anna 
Bress; born March 1?^ 1754-. Suscept Hans=George 
Rintz, Aun^^Mary, wife of Bern hard Ziegler, & Eliza- 
beth Myer 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(213.) Anna^^Catharina, Daughter of George & Cath- 
arina Ulrick; born January 26f'M 754. Suscep= Ulrick 
& Angelia Raber, & Anna^A'^tharina, wife of George,^ 
Jacob Kurner. 

(214.) On Tuesday April 23'j . . In Charles Town. 

At the House of Jnf> Frederick Shroder. 

Christina.^Dorothea, Daughter of the s*^ Jn<| Fred- 
erick & Dorothea Shroder; born April 13ti> 1754. Sus- 
cep= John Kelly, Christina, wife of Christopher Nuffer, 
& Margaret, wife of John Kelly. 

(215.) Baptized: At the House of Thomas Pendar- 
vis near the Four Holes. 

On Friday April 26ti' 

David^.Frederick, Son of John & Ann^^Margaret 
Windlee; born February IS^'i 1754. Suscepf David 
Rumpli, Hannah, wife of Thomas Pendarvis, it 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(21().) Sarah, Daughtei- of David A: Mary Rumph: 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 147 

born May 7*^ 1753, Susf-epf Abraham Penclarvis & 
An n^, Margaret, wife of John Windlee. 

(217.) On Sunday May 5f'> In Orangeburgh Church. 

Regina, Daughter of Michael & Regula Larry; born 
March I8f'» 1754. Suscepf Ulrick Roth, Susannah, 
wife of John Friday Jnn= & Ann. wife of Joseph Dera- 
mus. 

(218.) On Sunday May 12^'^ - - In Amelia. 

Mary, Daughter of John & Mary Morrisson; born 
Novembf; 3<? 1754. Suscept William Ballentine, Ann, 
wife of Duncan Mclntire, & Barbara Burkhardt. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(219.) Eugenia, Daughter of William & Eleanor 
Ballentine; born May l^t 1754. Suscep= Moses Thomp- 
son; Eugenia Russell, & Mary, wife of John Morrisson. 

(220.) Baptized At Amelia. 

On Sunday May \2^J' 

John=Conrad, Son of Michael & Magdalene Looser: 
born March 1*"* 1754. Suscep= Conrad Halman. John 
Tittely, & Brigitta, wife of Jacob Peck. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(221.) Hans=Michael, Son of Christopher & Ann,, 
Mary Kimmler; born April 12t'i 1754. Suscept Mi- 
chael Kirril & Mary ,,Marga ret, his wife, & Thomas 
Grim lock. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(222.) Christopher, Son of Michael & Magdalene 
Kirril; born May 12*'^ 1754. Suscep^ Christopher «t 
Ann,,Mary Keller, & Thomas (irimlock. 

(228.) On Sunday May 26tii In Orangeburgh Church. 

Mary, Daughter of Thomas <t Mary Eberhardt; born 
March 22*? 1754. Sus<'ept- John Amacher Jun.. Mary 
Cammel & Margaret, wife of Michael Christopher 
Rowe. 

(224.) On Sunday June t)ti> . .in Amelia,, 

Benjamin. Son of Henry «t Mary Carter: born April 



148 THE HISTORY OF 

13th 1754. Suscepf Alexander Tate, Robert Carter, k 
Mary, widow of Robert Whitford. 

Eodem Die let, Loco: 

(225.) Robert, Son of Thomas Hails & Eleanor, his 
wile deceas'd; born Octob"; 28^'' 1758: Suscepf Alex- 
ander Tate, William & Elizabeth McNirols. 

(22(1) Baptized In Amelia. 

On Sunday June 9t|i 

Margaret, Daughter of Alexander & Isabel 1 Tate: 
born Septemb'" 26ti^ 1753. Suscep= Henry Carter. 
Catharina M^Nieols, & Elizabeth Vanoe= 

(227.) On Sunday July l^]} In Orangeburgh Church. 

Jacob, Son of Hans^/xeorge & Catharina Hessy; born 
June 15^1' 1754. Suscepf;. Jacob Rumph, John Heller 
& Mary^^Barbara, wife of Frederick Ulmer. 

(228.) On Sunday July 14ti'. In Amelia at the House 
of Capt. William Heatly administered public Baptism 
to Harry, a negro^^Child, belonging to Timothy Dari- 
gan. 

(229.) Thomas, belonging to 

(230.) Robert, belonging to 

Suscep: for the Three: Timothy Darigan, Thomas, 
a Baptized Negro, belonging to the s*? Timothy Dari- 
gan, Nancy, a baptized negro.^woman, belong, to 

Nelly, a Ditto belong, to 

(231.) On Sunday July 28<^'i In Orangeburgh Church. 

John. Son of Heni-y & Catharina Strowmann: born 
July 7t'> 1754: Suscept'" John Ciessendanner. John 
Ott, & Barbara Egly. 

(232.) On Sunday August 25t'« . . . In Ditto. 

Samuel, Son of Leon hard & Sarah Warnedow: born 
Feb*" 15ti» 1754. Suscep- Jacob Koonen, Isaac Hot- 
tow, & Ann, wife of Peter (iritfice. 

(233.) Baptized ... In Orangeburgh Church. 

(Jn Sunday Septeml)'" 1^^ 

Ann=Margaret. Daughter of Llias (Jc Mary=Catharina 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 149 

Snell; born August 18*'' 1754. Suseepf: John Fritch- 
man, A nn,^ Margaret wife of George Shuler Sen, & 
Mary,3I^i'K^»i"Pt Shnyder, in the Room of Barbara, 
wife of Henry Snell Sen= 

(234.) On Sunday Septemb^ 22<! ... In Ditto. 

Johann^^Adani, Son of Adam & Margaret Snell; born 
August 24fj\ 1754. Suscep^ Jacob Whideman, Henry 
Snell Jun„ & Juliana, his wife 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(235.) Jacob. Son of Johannes & Elizabeth Wolf; 
born June IS^j.^ 1754. Suscep*i Jacob Koonen, Sen^, 
Francis Koonen, & Magdalene, wife of Hans Imdorff. 

(236.) On Sunday Septembr 29th. . . in Ditto. 

John, Soil of Joseph & Margaret Griftice; born July 
17th 1754. Suscept^ Rudy Harrisperger, Joseph k 
Mary Coutier. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(237.) John, Son of Mark Chatterton, late of the 
Wateree deceas^' & Ann, his wife; born June 28*^ 
1754. Suscep^ Jacob Toomer, Joseph Griffice, & Ann, 
wife of William Meckel. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(238.) Frances, Daughter of Seth & Susannah Hatch- 
er; born Decemb'' 25t.h 1751. 

Suscepf Peter Grifhce, Catharina. wife of John Jubb 
& Hannah Wolf. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(239.) Mary, Daughter of Seth & Susannah Hatchei": 
born April 4th 1754. Suscept Ulrick Roth, Elizabeth, 
wife of Samuel Suther. ^ Margaret, wife of Gavin 
Pou. 

(240.) Baptized. . . at Saxagotha . ■ at the House of 
M^^ Elizabeth Mercier. 

On Sunday October H^.'. 

Martha,, Ann, Daughter of Nathaniel i^- Ann Pai't- 



150 THE HISTORY OF 

ridge; boni March l^t 1754. Suscep= John & Mary 
Pearson, & Mary, wife of William Hay. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(241.) Nathaniel, Son of Nathaniel & Ann Partridge: 
born January Xb^Jl 1751. Suscept= John & Mary Pear- 
son &c • • . 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(242.) Martha, Daughter of John & Mary Pearson: 
born Nov^ 7t| 1754. Suscep= John Handasyd, Ann, 
wife of Nathaniel Partridge & Mary, wife of William 
Hay. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(243.) John, Son of Henry & Sarah Snelli ng: born 
April 2^ 1754: Suscep,, John Handasyd, Richard 
Jackson, Mary Gill • • • • 

(244.) James, Son of James & Mary Danly; born 
Septembr 22^ 1753. Suscept= Frederick O'Neal, Rich- 
ard Jackson, & Dorcas, wife of Benjamin Eberhardt. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(245.) Isabell, Daughter of Benjamin & Dorcas Eb- 
erhardt; born Septemb^Stii Suscep= Hugh & Esther 
Leviston, & Margaret, wife of Alexander M^Orue. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(246.) Rose, Daughter of James & Mary Danly: born 
Septemb'' IQth 1751. Suscep= Richard Jackson, Eu- 
genia Gibson & Ann Hyde. 

(247.) Baptized In Orangeburgh Church. 

on Sunday Octobr 20th 

Abraham, Son of Jacob it Ann Kumph; born Sep- 
tembi" 27th 1754. Suscep= Abrnham Rumph, John 
Balziger Jun= Susannah=Barbara (itiessendanner. 

(24S.) On Saturday Octob'' 2i^\\\ Administered pri- 
vate Baptism at the House of Peter Murer to a Sick 
Infant viz. John, Son of Peter Murer Jun..it jNIagda- 
lene, his wife; born August 4*;'.' 1754. Present: .lohn 
^ Jacob Giegelman ^c. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 151 

(249.) On Sunday Deceinbl" l^t In Orangeburgh 
Church. 

Jacob. Son of Francis & Mar}^ Koonen; born Octob^' 
27tfi 1754 :li: Suscep,, John Friday Sen,, John Wolf 
in the Room of -lacob Koonen Sen^^ & Anne, wife of 
Jacob Runiph in the Room of Verona, wife of Jn" 
Nicolas Shuler. . . 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(250.) John=Frederick. Son of Christopher & Ange- 
lia Miller; born Septemb'" 4th 1754 1. Suscept= Jn«' 
Frederick Huber, x\ndrew Frederick, & Magdalene, 
wife of Peter Son del 

(251.) On Sunday Decemb'" 15^1 In Orangeburgh 
Church. 

Maria, Daughter of Abraham & Mary Yssenhut; 
born Octobi; 3*? 1754. Suscep= Henry & Mary=Eliza- 
beth Felder, & Margaret, wife of Christopher Rowe. 

(252.) On Sunday Decemb'' 22<? . In Ditto. John=: 
Jacob, Son of John^.Caspar & Anna^^Barbara Mintz: 
born Decemb'; 4t'i 1754. Suscept Lewis & Catharina,, 
Elizabeth Kern, & Michael Smith. 

(253.) On Christmas,,Day Decemb'; 25th in Ditto. 
Johannes, Son of John & Ann.^Margaret Myer;.born 
Novemb?; lO^h 1754. Suscep Jacob & Anna Wide- 
man, & Melchoir Smith. 

(254.) Baptized ..- In Orangeburgh Church. 

On Thursday Decemb'" 2(>tii 

Ulrick, Son of Henry & Elizabeth Stareky; born 

1754. Suscep= Peter Larry, Ulrick Stareky 

Jun^^ & Anna Hug. 

(255.) On Sunday Decemb'' 29th .... in Ditto. 

Benjamin, Son of Joseph jt Martha Wood; born Oc- 
tob'' 14th 1754. Suscep= Ulrick <t Angelia Raher, »!c 
Lewis Linder 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(256.) Sarah. Daughter of Tlioinas (t HnnJiah Pen- 



152 THE HISTORY OF 

tlarvis; born Novemb'; 1^^ 1754 :||: Suscep= Abm- 
bani Hastbrt, Sertina, wife of Brand Pendarvis. & Bar- 
bara, wife of John Jennings. 

Eodeni Die et Loco: 

(25^.) Daniel, Son of Daniel & Sarah Linder; born 
Novenib': 3<? 1754. Suscep^ Lewis & Mary,,Magdalene 
Linder, & James Tilly Sen • • • 
1755. 

(258.) On Sunday February 2<» • • hi Ditto. 

Maria-Regina. Daughter of (ieorge,,Frederick it- 
Elizabeth Knobel; born Decenib.'; 28t'» 1754= Suscep< 
John^^Adara & Regina Witt, & Mary, wife of Nicolas 
Dirr . • . • 

(259.) On Sunday Feb'; W}} . In Ditto. 

Mary^/Catharina, Daughter of Joseph & Anne Dera- 
mus; born Decembr 22^^ 1754. Suscep= John & Mary 
Balziger, & Catharina, wife of Hans^/jreorge Hessy. 

(260.) On Monday Feb^' 17tij. . . In Ditto. 

Peter, Son of William & Sarah Brunson; born De- 
cemb]: 28th 1854. Josiah & Margaret Evans & William 
Cantey. 

(261.) Baptized .... In Orangeburgh Church. 

On Sunday March 2^ 

Mary, Daughter of Philip & Elizabeth Jennings: 
born Decembi; Sl^t 1754^ Suscep= Gavin & Margaret 
Pou, & Barbara, wife of John Jennings. 

(262.) On Sunday March WJi - - In Ditto 

Joseph, Son of Adam & Ann,,Margaret Evinger: 
born March 2'} 1755. Suscep^ Joseph Huber, John 
Friday Sen= & Susannah, wife of John Friday Jun= 

Eodem Die et Loco: 
/ (268.) *Son of Jacob k Apollonia Wolf; bornf 175 — 
' Suscep,, John Jennings. Lewis Roth »t Margaret, wife 
of Christopher Rowe. 

■'■NiUiu- olilitiTJitr*!. tDatt' oltlitcrsilfd. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 153 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(264.) Elizabeth, Daughter of Conrad & Magdalene 
Yutzy: boin Decemb'" 26tii 1754. Suscep= John Fritch- 
man. Elizabeth, wife of John Harrisperger, & Cathari- 
na, wife of George Hessy. 

(265.) On Easter,,Sunday March SQt.h. . In Ditto. 

Elizabeth, Daughter of Barnard & Susannah^^Eliza- 

beth Snell; botn 175- Si]scep= Elias Snell, 

Barbara, wife of Jno Frederick Huber, & Ann^^Marga- 
ret Snyder, widow. 

(266.) On Easter,,Monday March Sl^t 

John^^Adam, Son of Caspar & Anna^^Maria Kuhn; 
born August 121'i 1754. Suscep^^ John & Susannah 
Friday, & Adam Snell. 

(267.) Baptized In Orangeburgh Church. 

On Sunday April 6^ 

Issom; Son of John & Sarah Clayton; born No- 
vemb': 14tii 1754. Suscep,, Philip & Elizabeth Jen- 
nings, & Joseph Grifiice 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(268.) Rebecca, Daughter of Henry & Ann Young; 
born Feb'; W}} 1755. Suscep^^ John Kays, Rebecca, 
wife of Christian Minnick, & Sarah, wife of Will^ 
Cooper. 

(269.) On Sunday April 13th in Amelia. 

Patty, Daughter of Francis & Mary James; born 
March Vd^}} 1755. Suscep^^ John Dargan, Dorcas Dar- 
gan & Ann Dargan. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(270.) Mary. Daughter of Edward & Margaret Bar- 
wick, born March 30t'i 1755. Suscep,, William Thomp- 
son; Eugenia Russell & Margaret McNicols. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(271.) Elizabeth. Daughter of William «t Mary,. 
Elizabeth Heatly; l)()rn February 28t.M 755. Suscep,, 



154 THE HISTORY OF 

William & Deborah Sabb, & Marion, wife of John 
Fouquett 

(272.) On Sunday April 201]} In Orangebnrgh Church. 

Magdalene, Daughter of Emanuel & Mary Miller: 
born February 21'^:^ 17^5. 

Suscep,, Lewis Golson, Mary Stehely |: widow:} & 
Anna Negely. 

(273.) On Sunday April 27th. . !„ Ditto. 

Martin, Son of Peter & Margaret,, Barbara Hottow: 
born April 1^ 1755. Suscep- Martin Sally, Henry 
Shilling, & Ann Diedrick. 

Baptized. . . In Orangeburgfi Church. 

(274.) On Sunday April 27th 

Anne, Daughter of Joseph & Susannah Kryter; born 
August 31|t 1754. Suscept= John Negely, Barbara 
Negely & Anna Hug. . . • 

(275.) On Whit„Sunday May 18!'}-- In Ditto. 

Catharina=Margaret, Daughter of Conrad & Mary,, 
Elizabeth Hungerbuller: born -W}} April 1755. Sus- 
cep,, Lewis Kern, Anne,,Catharina Funtius, & Ann,, 
Catharina Barrin. 

(276.) On Wednesday May 28tii. . .In Ditto. 

Jane, a Bastard Child of Mary, Daughter of Samuel 
Fox; born Octobi: 15|h 1754. Suscept^ John Gibson. 
Willoughby, wife of Samuel Fox & Margaret, wife of 
Joseph Griffice. 

(277.) On Sunday June l«t hi Ditto. 

Lewis, Son of Luke & Mary Patrick: born May 2«? 
1755. Suscep f. Michael Christopher Rowe. Brand & 
Sertina Pendarvis 

(278.) On Sunday June 15tii .... [„ Ditto. 

Catharina, Daughter of John,, Nicholas k Verena 
Shuler: born May 8^' 1755. Suscep", Henry Ricken- 
])acher, Catharina, wife of George Hessy, & Mary, wife 
of Francis Koonen. 

(27t).) On Sunday June 22<i .... In Ditto. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 155 

Samuel, Son of Henry & Mary,, Elizabeth Felder; 
born June 5^'^ 1755. Suscept Samuel Suther, John 
Inabnet, & Anne, wife of Henry [iickenbacher. 

(2S0.) Baptized In Amelia. 

On Sunday July 13th 

Mary,, Ann, Daughter of Xathan & Winifred Joyner; 
born Novemb^; l^t 1754. Suscept William Martin, 
Mary Whitford j: widow] & Mary Ratford. 

(281.) On Sunday July 20t|i In Orangeburgh Church. 

John, .Peter, Son of Henry Snell Jun,, & Juliana, 
his wife; born June 24t.h. 1755. Suscept Jno. Peter 
Beck; Jno, Frederick Ulmer, & Margaret, wife of 
Adam Snell. 

(282.) On Sunday July 27th . . In Ditto. 

John^^Frederick, Son of Jacob & Joanna Hegler, 
born May 23<] 1755. Suscept John & Ann,, Margaret 
Myer. & Jno. Frederick Myer, 

(283.) On Sunday August 10th (In Amelia) 

Robert, Son of Willian & Mary Walling, born Feb- 
ruary 22fi 1751. Suscept William Ballintine, Robert & 
Ann Stewart. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(284.) Administered private Baptism to Joseph, Son 
of Jeremiah & Catharina Strother; born March 6th 
1755. Present: Moses Thomson Esq"' William Ballin- 
tine &c. 

(285.) On Sunday August 17th in Orangeb,, Church 
Hans,, Barnard,, Son of J'.V^ Jacob & Christina,, Barbara 
Hungerbiller; born June 5th 17.55, Suscept John Wa- 
ber, Barnard & Anne,, Mary Zeigler. 

(286.) Baptized . • • • In Orangeburgh Church. 

On Sunday August31^t 

George=Alexander, Son of Joseph & Barbara Duke: 
born June 2\^.[ 1755. Suscept Christopher Monheim, 
cV Mary, .Catharina, wife of Henry Mell. 

(2S7.) On Sunday Septemb'" 14th. . . j^ Amelia. 



156 THE HISTORY OF 

David. Son of James Lewis deceas'd, & Esther his 
wife; born August 9th 1755. Suscept Peter Oliver, 
William Ballintine & Barbara Burckhard. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(288.) John, Son of John & Eugenia Millis; born 
July 21^^* 1755 Suscept Edward & Margaret Barwick, 
and Thomas Barwick. 

(289.) On Sunday Septemb^ 2l^t !„ Orangeb';g 
Church. 

George,, Henry, Son of John=Peter & Magdalene 
Sondel; born August 7^^ 1755. Suscept George, .Jacob 
& Ann„Catharina Kurner, & Henry Felder. . • 

(290.) On Sunday Octob'' 5t.ii .... In Ditto .... 

Philip, Son of Gavin & Mai'garet Pou; born August 
17th 1755. Suscept Philip Jennings, Joseph Cooper & 
Hannah Wolf. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(291.) *Son of Joseph & Mary Coutier; bornf 

(292.) On Sunday Octob r 2(5th - - - - In Ditto. 

Henry, Son of Adam & Barbara Frolich; born April 
9th 1755. Suscept Henry Heyni, Henry Stareky & 
Anne Hug. 

(293.) Baptized . . . ■ In Orangeburgh Church 

On Sunday October 26^1' 

Susannah, Daughter of the Rev*^' John Giessendan- 
ner, & Barbara his wife; born Sunday Octob'" 5th 1755. 
Suscept Jacob Giessendanner, Elizabeth, wife of Sam- 
uel Suther & Anne Hug. 

(294.) On Sunday November 2<.i In Ditto. 

William, Son of John & Rachel Brunzon; born April 
:•.'» 1753. and their Daughter 

(295.) Elizabeth; born Decenib'" 2St.i'. 1754. 

Suscept for the two: Thomas Edwards. Samuel Su- 
ther, & Rachel, wife of Michael Larry. 

*N() Jinnic "ivcii tXothiuii clsi- "ivi'ii. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 157 

(296.) On Sunday Novemb^ 16tii. . In Ditto 

John,,Jticob, Son of Bernhard & Anne,, Mary Ziegler; 
born Septemb'' 28*1 1755. Suscept John Friday Jun,, 
& Susannah, his wife, k Jn<* Jacob Hungerbiller. 

Eodeni Die et Loco: 

(297.) Margaret, Daughter of Jacob & Catharina 
Koonen; born Octob'" 24^^^ 1755. Suscep^; Peter Roth, 
Mary, wife of Hans Balziger Sen,, & Anne, wife of 
Jacob Rum ph. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(298.) Mary,, Catharina, Daughter of John & Eliza- 
beth Waber; born Septenib'' 9tii,1755. Suscep* Barnard 
Hartzog, Lewis & Catharina,, Elizabeth Kern. : 

(299.) On Monday Novemb';. 17th Receiv'd private 
Baptism at the House of the Rev. John Giessendanner 
a Sick Infant brought thither, named - - - 

Mary, Daughter of John & Barbara Piatt; born Oc- 
tob,'; 24^11 1755. Present, Ann, wife of Charles Hottow 
&c. 
■ The aforementioned Infant, viz; , ' 

Mary, Daughter of John & Barbara Piatt, which, had 
receiv'd private Baptism on Monday Novemb^; 17^^ 
last, was presented in the Church of Orangeburgh, 
where it w^s receiv'd according to the due & pre- 
scribed order of the Church on Sunday Novembf 30*^ 
Suscepf. Jacob Tshudy, Anne, wife of Jacob Koonen 
Sen,, & Susannah Yonn. 

(800.) On Monday Decembi; l^t Administered pri- 
vate Baptism at the House of Caspar 0th in Orangeb.^; 
Township to Hans,,(ieorge, Son of the said Caspar & 
Mary 0th; born June 4^*1 1755. Present: John & Ru- 
dolff Harrisperger. John Fritch man. John Horguer &c. 

(801.) On Sunday Decemb'" 21^Cln Orangeb,, Church 
Jacob. Son. of Jacob & Margaret Ott: born August 
14t*' 1755. Suscep,, John Heller, Jacob (iiessendan- 
ner. A: Barbara Yulv • • ■ 



158 THE HISTORY OF 

(302.) On Monday Decembr 29th in Ditto 

William, Son of John & Elizabeth Olill: born Febru- 
ary 20th 1750. Suscep: Isham Clayton, Samuel & Anne 
Pickings 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(303.) John, Son of the said John & Elizabeth Ofill: 
born in August 1753. Suscep= Joseph Chambers, Wil- 
liam Mitchel, & Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Barker. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(304.) Thomas, Son of Thomas & Elizabeth Barker: 
born Septemb'; 15*^ 1755. Suscep., Isham Clayton, Jo- 
seph Chambers, & Hannah Wolfe. 

(305.) Baptized. . . In Orangeb,, ('hurch. 
1756. 

On Thursday January 1^ 

Margaret, Daughter of Henry Sally Jun,, & Mag- 
dalene, his wife; born March 14^.'?. 1754. Suret« Peter 
& Margaret Larry & Barbara Negely. 

(306.) On Sunday January IPj? . . In Amelia 

Charles, Son of Charles & Ann Russell; born De- 
cemb'* 3^^ 1755. Surets- John Lloyd, John Dargan, & 
Dorcas, wife of Benjamin Milner. 

(307.) On Sunday January 18th. in Orangeb,, Church 
Henry, Son of Henry & Magdalene Crummy; born 
Decembr 25th 1755 Suret= Henry Wurtzer. Henry 
Felder, & Magdalene, wife of Hans Indorff 

(308.) On Sunday January 25th in Orangeb,. Church 

Charles, Son of Charles & Anne Hottow; born 

1755. Suscep,, Henry Rowe, Jacob Hottow, &: Anne, 
wife of Peter Uriffith. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(309.) Eve,,Catharina. Daughter of Christopher &: 
Catharina Monheim: bornDecemb'; 25th 1755. Suret,, 
Jno George i^ Eve,, Catharina Hayner, k Eve,, Catha- 
rina Hirter 

(310.) On Monday February 2'.' In Orangeb,. Church 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 159 

Lewis, Son of Peter & Christina Kramer; born August 
19*11 1755. Suret,, Lewis Linder. John Aberly, & Mar- 
garet, wife of John Anding. 

(811.) Baptized at the House of Elizabeth Mercier 
in Saxegotha 

On Sunday February 22^ 

John. Son of James & Mary Danly, born Decemb,, 
b^}} 1755. Suret,, Jos & Mary Evans &c. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(312.) John, Son of Benjamin & Dorcas Aifred; born 
August 27*]^' 1755. Suret: Alexander & Margaret M^- 
Grue. & Charles Middleton 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(313.) John, Son of* 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(314.) Malachy, Son of Thomas & Race Howell; 
born May 20ii 1755. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(315.) Thomas, Son of Thomas & Sarah Hodge; 
born April 1^* 1753, Suscep,, Charles Middleton, Anne 
Danly &c. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(315.)t Burril, Son of Caspar & Naomy Foust: born 
January \\\^} 1756. ^Suscep,, John Parks, Henry & 
Anne H artel. . . 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(316.) William, Son of James & Mary,, Anne Berry, 
born March 30t.h 1755. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(317.) Sarah, Daughter of John k Mary Lane; born 
Nov: 23<? 1755. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(318.) Sarah, Daughter of Gilbert & Elizabeth Gib- 

*Renmiii(ier of this entry was citht-r cniscd or left out. 
tTwo t'litrifs iuiiii1kmv(1 .■!1"). 



160 THE HISTORY OF 

son; born June 21':^ 1755. Snret,, William Brown, 
&c. 

(319.) Baptized. . . In Oraugeb,, Church 

On Sunday February 29t.h 

Jonathan Riggs, Son of Peter & Mary Wood; born 
March 7\\' 1755. Suret,, Gavin & Margaret Pou, & 
Peter Griffith 

(320.) On Tuesday Night March 2^ Administered 
private Baptism at the House of Levsis Golsen in 
Orangeburgh Township to a Sick Infant viz., John,, 
Caspar, Son of the said Lewis & Elizabeth Golsen; 
born February Uth 1756. Present. John Caspar 
Stareky, Ulrick Stareky &c • - - ■ 

(321.) On Sunday March 7^}\ In Orangeburgh 
Church 

Caspar, Son of John & Margaret Inabnet; born Feb- 
ruary 21^t 1756. Suret: Caspar Negely, Henry Felder, 
& Susannah,, Barbara, wife of George Giessendanner- 



Eodem Die et Loco: 

(322.) Hans,, George, Son of Lewis & Mary,, Barbara 
Roth; born 1756. Suret: John & Susan- 
nah Frydig, & Hans Indorff 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(323.) Christian, Son of Christian & Elizabeth Roth, 
born February lO^ii 1756. Suret: Jacob Roth, Isaac 
Hottow, & Barbara; wife of John Piatt 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(324.) Salome, Daughter of Haus,, George & Rosina 
Russel; born Decenib'' 21*^.^ 1755. Suret= Samuel Su- 
ther, Angelia. wife of Ulrick Raber, «!>: Mary,, Elizabeth, 
wife of Henry Felder. 

(325.) Baptized. . . In Orangelnirgh Church 

On Sunday March 21^t 

Elizabeth^ Barbara, Daughter of Lewis H: Cathariuji., 
Elizabeth Kern: born Februarv 17f'> 1756. John ».^' 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 161 

Elizabeth Waber, & Barbara, wife of Jn^ Frederick 
Hnber 

Eodein Die et Loco: 

(326.) Mary.,Cathariiia. Daughter of Stephen & 
Mary.. Ann Whitman; born February 9t'.' 1756. Suret^ 
Hans., George & Mary,,Catharina Usman, & Magdalene 
Usman ........ 

(327.) On Sunday March 28tJ> In Orangeb,, Church 
George. Son of James & Margaret Tilly; born No- 
venibf; 28^1^ 1755. Suscep,, Jacob Giessendanner, 
George Shuler, & Margaret Barr. • . - 

(328.) On Easter.,Sunday April 1811l.. In Orang,, 
Church Jacob, Son of Jacob & Anne Whideman; born 
March 22^' 1756. Suret,, Ulrick Booser, Jacob Annis, 
& Anne, .Margaret Whetstone 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(329.) Hans.. Peter, Son of Andrew & Margaret Fred- 
erick; born March 16^11 1756. Suret,, Jn^ Peter & Mag- 
dalene Sondel, & Jacob Kearn 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(330.) Mary„Elizabeth, Daughter of Barnard & 
Mary„Apollonia Lebennder; born January 14yi 1756. 
Suret,, Henry & Mary„Elizabeth Felder, & Margaret, 
wife of Andrew Frederick 

Baptized . • • • In Orangeb,, Church 

(331.) On Easter,.Sunday April m?. 

Nicholas, Son of George & Catharina Uhick; born 
February 26ti» 1756. Suret,. Rudolff Harrisperger. 
Nicholas Zorn, & Catharina. wife of John Simmons. 

(332.) On Easter,.Monday April 19ti' In Ditto 

Paul, Son of Lewis & Frances Patrick; l)()rn March 
2<? 1756: Suret: Samuel Suther. Luke Patrick, tV 
Sarah Cooper, widow. • • • 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(333.) John. .Michael, Son of Joliu,, Martin ^ Anne,. 



162 THE HISTORY OF 

Margaret Hossleiter; born March ll^jl 1756. 

Suret,, Johannes Wolf, Caspar & Mary Ott 

(334.) On Saturday May l^:t In Amelia,, at the 
House of Ml Charles Russell • • . 

Joseph, Son of John & Rachel Lloyd; born Febru- 
ary U)th 1756, Suret., William Thomson, Joseph llus- 
sell. & Anne, wife of Charles Russell. 

(335.) On Sunday May 23'? - - In Orangeb., Church 
Elizabeth, Daughter of Benedict & Magdalene Roller; 
•born April "d^j 1756. Suret,, Henry & Verena Wurtzer, 
& Barbara, wife of the Rev*? John Giessenclanner. . . 

(336.) On Thursday May 21^}}.. . In Ditto 

Anne, Daughter of Francis & Mary Koonen; born 
May \i^}} 1756. Suret: Jacob Koonen, Anne, wife of 
Jacob Rumph, and Anne Hug 

(337.) On Tuesday June \h^}^ Administered private 
Baptism at the Housei of John„Valentin Kranich in 
Orangeburgh Township to a Sick Infant, viz: 

John„Peter, Son of the said John„Valentin & Anne,, 
Mary Kranich; born June ^^}} 1756. Present: Peter 
Moorer Sen,, John Giegelman &c. 

(338.) On Sunday June 20^:1'. In Orangel),, Church 
Jacob, Son of Samuel & Elizabeth Suther; born 3<? 
Day of June. 1756. Suret: Henry Wurtzer, Jacob 
Giessendaner, & Barbara, wife of the Rev*} Jn9 Gies- 
sendaner. 

Eodera Die et Loco: 

(339.) Mary„Magclalene, Daughter of Jn'^ Frederick 
& Mar3^-Barbara lllmer; born 25. April. 1756. Suret,. 
John„George Hayner, Catharina. wife of George Hes- 

sy, & Mary,, Barbara Ulmer 

^ (340.) On Sunday July IP'.' In Amelia. • • 

Eugenia, Daughter of William & Eugenia Thomson: 
born June 25*11 1756. Suret.. Moses Thomson Jun.. 
Uachel, wife of Cap* .lohn Lloyd, k P]ugenia. wife of 
James Baird. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 1()3 

(341.) On Sunday July 25. . In Orangebnrgh Church 
— Thomas, Son of John & Elizabeth Burdell; born 
March S*? 1756. Suret. Adam Snell, Conrad & Magda- 
lene Yutzy 

(342.) On Sunday August 1^^ In Orangeburgh Church 

John, Son of Elias & Mary,.Catharina Snell; born 
July KJ^l 1756. Suret: John Frichman, John Harris- 
perger, & Anne„Margaret Snyder, widow. 

(343.) On Sunday August Stii At Saxagotha in the 
House of M^ Elizabeth Mercier 

Hugh. Son of* 

(344.) Baptized. . . In Orangeburgh Church 

On Sunday August 15^'/ 

John„Theodore. Son of Barnard & Anne,,Mar3'^ 
Hartzog; born July 3*? 1756. Suret,. John & Eliza- 
beth Waber, & Theodore Fichtner 

(345.) On Sunday August 22^} . . In Amelia 

Rachel. Daughter of Henry & Mary Carter; born 
February St'i 1756. Suret.. Robert & Elizabeth Twid- 
die, & Mary Whitford. widow. 

(346.) On Sunday August 29t|> In Orangeb.. Church 
Jonathan, Son of Joseph & Martha Wood: born July 
WJl 1756. Suscep,, Luke Patrick. Lewis Patrick. & 
Susannah,. Barbara Giessendanner. 

(347.) On Sunday Septemb'' 12^11 In Amelia 

William. Son of William & Rachel Hickie; born 
Septemby \{)[\^ 1754. Suret., Thomas Bamrick. Cas- 
par Brown & Rachel Gant 

(348.) On Saturday Septemb'' bsV.' .. Administered 
private Baptism at my own House to 

Alexander. Son of John &• Judith Tennison: born 
July 22<? 1756. (the said John Tennison being then on 
his Journey from Georgia to the Northward). 



*Tlu' rcitiaiiidfr of tliiscntrv \\:is citlKT crjiscd, or \\;is never pii) 
down. 



164 THE H18T0KY OF 

(349.) On Sunday Se[)ren)l)er II)"' In Oiangeb,, 
Church John, .Conrad, Son of Caspar A: Anna,, Maria 
Knhn; born April 16U' 175(). Suret.. Hans,.Ulrick 
Dantzler, Conrad Hungerliiller, i^- Christina, .Barbara, 
wife of John Jacob Hungerl>iller . . . ■ 

(350.) On Sunday September 26^.1' In Orangeb,, 
Church Thomas, Son of Leon hard k Sarah Warne- 
dow; born 12i'' May 175(). Suret., Jacob Hottow, 
Abraham llasfort & Margaret, wife of Joseph Grif- 
fice ... 

(351.) Baptized.. In Orangeburgh ('hurch 

On Sunday Septenjber 26 d' • • 

Mary,,Catharina, Daughter of Frederick & Elizabeth 
Strubel; born August 15. 1756. Suret., Lewis & Cath- 
arina,. Elizabeth Kern, & Anne Mary, wife of Nicolas 
WaberSen... 

(352.) On Sunday October 3 J| In Orangeb,. Church 
— Anne,.Catharina, Daughter of Henry & Anne Rick- 
enbacker; boin August lO^.l' 1756. Suret. Ni(diolas 
Dill, Barbara, wife of John Jennings, & Anne, wife of 
John Caspar Stereky. 

(353.) On Sunday October 24"i. . In Orangeb,, 
Church 

Hannah, Daughter of Nicholas Waber Jun„ and 
Maria„Barbara, his wife; born 24th September 1756. 
Suret,, John & Elizabeth Waber, & Elizabeth, wife of 
Frederick Strubel 

(354.) On Sunday Octobr 31^^ In Orangeb., Church 

Margaret, Daughter of Philip & Elizabeth Jennitigs: 
born October 9^11 1756. Suret,. John & Barbara Jen- 
nings, & Susannah,, Barbara Giessendanner. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(355.) Ilachel. Daughter of .Joseph & Margaret 
Cooper; born August 14th 175(>. Suret. Abraliam Has- 
fort, Mary, wife of Joseph Coutier. «t Regina. alias 
Rachel Howe. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 165 

(356.) On Sunday Novenib': 21^; In Orangeb,, Chnrch 
Hans..Uli'ick, Son of Nicholas Dirr late deceas'cl, & 
Mary. Iiis wife: born Novenib'' 2«} 1756. Suret. Rev<? 
John Giesssendanner. John & Elizabeth Giegelman. . . 

(357.) On Sunday Novemb'; 2Stii In Orangeb,, Church 
Anne, Daughter of Catharina, wife of Thomas Puck- 
ridge, but a considerahb^ Time Since cohabiting with 
WilHain Pendarvis. who desired Baptism for the said 
Child as his; born Octob'' 4^^ 1756. Suret: Brand 
Pendarvis. Margaret, wife of CliristT Row^e & Anne, 
wife of Joseph Deramus. 

(35S.) On Tuesday Novemb'; 30^.^ Administred pri- 
vate Baptism to a Sick Infant, brought to my House 
by the Parents, viz: Jacob, son of Henry & Catharina 
Strovvman. born Novemb,'' 17yi 1756. 

(359.) On Sunday Det^ember 5th. In Orangeb., Church 
Hans.. Henry, Son of Martin & Margaret Kemler; born 
Octobf; 2b:! 1756. Suret,, Hans and Margaret Dantz- 
ler, & Henry Dantzlei' 

(360.) On Sunday Decemb 12t.i> In Amelia 

Garret. Son of Garret & Agnesia Fitz„Patrick; born 
Decemb'; 151'.' 1755. Suret. John Morrison, Duncan 
M^Intire, & Anne Jones. 

(361.) On Sunday Decemb': 19^^ in Orangeb,, Church 
Susannah, Daughter of Jacob & Mary„Sasannah Her- 
lan; born November 30th 1756. Suret: Lewis & Mary,, 
Barbai-a Roth, & Catharina, wifeof Jacob Koonen.. . . 

(362.) On Tuesday Decemb. .21«.t Administred Bap- 
tism to a Sick Infant, born this 2b^.t Decemb. 1756. 
viz: Anne„Margaret, Daughter of Jacob & Anne 
Wymer. . . at the House of Peter Roth ... 

(363.) On Christmas„Day Decemb'; 25th i„ Orangeb,, 
Church Anne,,Mai-y, Daughter of John & Elizabeth 

Harrisperger: born — 1756. Suret., Ru- 

doltf Herrisperger. Anne, wife of Henry I{i(d\<'nl)ackei'. 
iV Marv.. Catharina. wife of Elias Snell. 



166 THE HISTORY OF 

(364.) On Sunday Decemb'; 26^.1' In Orangeb,, Church 
Henry. Son of Henry & Anne Young; horn Novemb'; 
28th 1756. Suret. John Wolf Sen, Luke Patrick, ^ 
Regina„Barbara Rowe- • • • 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(365.) Mary, Daughter of William & Mary Young: 
born Novr 3^) 1756. Suret. James Tilly Sen,,, Bar- 
bara, wife of John Jennings, & Susannah. .Barbara 
Giessendanner. . . 

(366.) Baptized ... In Orangeburgh Church 

On Sunday Decemb.'; 26tii 

Mary, Daughter of Henry & Mary Jordan: born 
Decemb'; 1}}} 1756. Suret., Peter & Anne Griffith, ^ 
Elizabeth, wife of Joseph Thornton ... - 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(367.) Thomas, Son of Thomas & Hannah Pendar- 
vis; born September 23^ 1756. Suret., Peter Faure. 
William Pendarvis, & Catharina, wife of Thomas 
Puckridge. 
1757 

(368.) January 1st. . . Jn Orangeb,. Church 

Ulrick, Son of Ulrick & Eve., Mary Brunner; born 
Decemb,, 17^^ 1756. Suret.. Jacob Ott, Rudollf Herris- 
perger, & Christina, wife of Nicholas Yonn. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(369.) Anne, .Margaret, Daughter of John iV: Eva,. 
Catharina Jubb: born April 28*1' 1756. Suret: Henry 
& Anne„Margaret Shilling, & Margaret Gyger, widow. 

(370.) On Sunday January 2^1 - - In Orangeb.. 
Church 

Samuel, Son of Daniel & Sarah Linder: born Jul.v 
2Sth 1756. Suret.. Jacob Giessendunner. Chiistopher 
Llowe. and Elizabeth Linder 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(371.) Martha, born November 2(Ki.' 1752. 

(372.) Susannah, born M arc 1 1 261'.' 1754. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 167 

(378.) Rehecrah. horn Angast Vo^}} 1756. 

'J'hose three the Daughters of Jonathan & Martha 
Bruuzon: Suret for the three: Daniel & Sarah Linder, 
Isaac Hottow, Samuel Brunson, Mary Brunson & Mar- 
garet, wife of Joseph Griffice- . • 

(374.) On Tuesday January 4^.li . . . In Orangeb,, 
Church 

Zachariah, Son of William & Agnes Aldridge; born 
\S^}} January 1754. Suret: Abraham Hasfort, Peter 
& Sarah Faure. 

(375.) Baptized . . . ■ In Orangeburgh Church 

Sarah, Daughter of William & Agnes Aldridge; born 
14*'.! July 1755. Suret: Anne Faure & Anna„Maria 
Kemlerin, & Isaac Hottow • ■ • • 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(376.) Henry, a Mulatto,, Bastard of Ana,. Maria 
Kemlerin; born in March 1755. Suret,, Peter Faure, 
William & Agnes Aldridge 

(377.) On Sunday January 16^^ In Orangeb,, Church 

John„CTeorge„Melchior, Son of John., Caspar & An- 
na.,Barbara Mintz; born January 4th 1757. Suret,, 
John Friday Jun: Melchior Smith, & Anne„Margaret 
Tyner 

(378.) On Monday January 17^'' In Orangeb,, Church 

James, Son of John & Sarah Clayton; born 

1756. Sui'et:. Peter Faure. Anne Faure & Tsham Clay- 
ton ...... ri ; 

(379.) On Wed nes,day January 19tii At the House of 
John Aberly below Orangeburgh Township John,, 
Nicholas, Son of John iS: Margaret Anting: bornNo- 
vemb'" 27t]i 1756. Suret.. John Aberly, Nicholas & 
Margaret Noe 



Eodem Die et Loco: ; 

(380.) Catharine„Margaret. Daughter of John & 
Anne Aberlv: born Decemb'' 31*"^ 1756. Suret,, ReV' 



168 THE HISTORY OF 

John Giessendanner, Margaret, wife of John Anding, 
& Margaret, wife of Nicholas Noe ■ - • • 

(881.) On Wednesday January 26^.^ At the House of 
Frederick Thore at the Four Holes.. . ■ 

Anne. Daughter of David & Mary Humph; born De- 
cemb,, 27t'i. 1755. Suret: Thomas & Hannah Pendar- 
vis, & Anna, wife of Frederici\ Hoggs . . . • 

(39(1)* Baptized In Orangeburgh Church 

On Sunday February 27^'.' 

John„Martin, Son of George,, Frederick & Elizabeth 
Knobel; born January \H^}} 1757. Suret: Martin Egly. 
Barnard & Anne., Mary Hertzog 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(397.) John,, George, Son of John., George & Eve,. 
Catharina Hayner; born January 26tji 1757. Suret,. 
Conrad Hungerbiller, Hans Ulmer, & Anne„Margaret 
Barrin. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(398.) Catharina, Daughter of Henry Snell Jun„ & 
Juliana, his wife; born February 2*^ 1757. Suret: 
Henry Snell Sen,^, Catharina, his wife, & Anne, wife 
of Jacob Whideman. 

(399.) On Monday February 28tj.i At the House of 
Moses Thomson Esq?- • In Amelia- ■ • 

Katherine, Daughter of Bryan White. & Katherine. 
his wife, deceas'd; born January 3011' 1757. Suret: 
Peter & Katherine Burns, & Elizabeth M*'Farlen 

(400.) On Sunday Mar(;h Bt!' In Orangeburgh Church 
Anne,,Elizabeth, Daughter of Martin & Susannah Sal- 
ly; born 19*.^^ January. 1757. Suret: John Sally. 
Mary, wife of Luke Patrick, & Christina, wife of Nich- 
olas Yonn ... 

(401.) On Monday Night March 7'.'.' Administred 

•Fnun i«KI t«> t\UU lost. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 169 

private Baptism at the House of Adam Snell in 
Oraugehuigh Township to a Sick Infant, viz: 

Magdalene, Daughter of said Adam & Margaret 
Snell; born February lOHl 1757. Present: Henry & 
Jacob Horger, Peter Murer Jun. 

(4()2.) Wediiesday March ^^}} Administred private 
Baptis'ni at the House of Peter Murer in Orangeb,, to 

John„H^"i'y' Son of the said Peter Murer Jun,, & 
Magdalene, his wife, born December 26^.1* 1756 



(403.) Eodem Die et Loco: 

Maria.,Magddlene, Daughter of Henry Horger, Ju- 
nior, & Catharina, his w^ife, born October 20V? 1756: 
Present: Adam Snell, John & Jacob Giegelnian &c. 

(404.) On Sunday March 13U^ In Amelia Chappel — 
Mary, Daughter of Charles & Anne Russel; born 

1757. Suret: William & Eugenia 

Thomson, & Katherine Dargan . ■ - 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(405.) Frances, Daughter of John & Sarah Hope; 
born April 2^} 1754. Suret: John Burdell, Marion, 
wife of John Fouquett & Mary„Ann, wife of Conrad 
Hal man. 

(406.) On Sunday March 27*;^ In Orangeburgh 
Church Samuel, Son of Jacob & ApoUonia Wolf; born 
February 16t.h 1757. Suret., John Wolf Sen,, John & 
Anne., Elizabeth Giegelman 

(407.) On Sunday April 3<? . . In Amelia Chappel 
John. Son of John & Sophinisba M<;Cord; born Janu- 
ary 26t.li 1757. Suret: John Russell, Robert and Eliza- 
l)eth Twiddie 

(40S.) On Thursday April 7^}}. In Orangeburgh 
Church John. Son of Abraham & Mary Yssenhut; born 
Maich l*^:t 1757. Suret.. Barnard Lebennder, John & 
Margaret Inabnet 

(409,1 Baptized... in Orangebui'gh Church 



170 THE HISTORY OF 

On Easter„Sunday April W). 

Henry, Son of Jacob & Anna Wannenmaker; born 
March 27^?. 1756. Suret: Jacob Hottow, John Roth 
Jun. & Anna„Magdalena Tapp- - • ■ 

(410.) On Sunday May l^^: ■ • In Orangeb,, Church. 
James, Son of John„Ja!nes & Anne Shoolegre, born 
January 10^.^ 1757. Suret: Henry Felder, James & 
Elizabeth Taylor. - . 

(411.) On Sunday May 15tli. In Orangeb. Church 
Abraham, Son of Henry & Mary„Elizabeth Felder; 
born March 28^.!i 1757. Suret: Abraham Ys:,enhoot, 
Barnard Lebennder, & Margaret, wife of John Inab- 
net 

(412.) On Assension„Day May 19^' In Orangeb,. 
Church Johannes, Son of Joseph & Susannah Kryter; 
born in February 1757. Suret: Johip Stehely, John 
Friday Jun.. & Barbara, wife of Fredeiick Huber- - 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(413.) Susannah, Daughter of Jacob & Ann Rumph, 
born May \^} 1757. Suret: Abraham Yssenhut, Anne, 
wife of Joseph Deramus, & Susannah, .Barbara Gies- 
sendaner. 

(414.) On Whit„Sunday May 29th in Orangeb,, 
Church William, Son of John & Phibbie Mitchel; born 
Octobi; 10th 1755. Suret: William Bowers, Lewis Net- 
man, & Elizabeth Funtzius. 

(415.) On Sunday June 12t.h In Amelia Chappel. 

David, Son of David & Mary Jackson; born April 
11th 1757, Suret: John Burdell, Valchtine Shoema- 
ker, & Mary,, Ann, wife of Conrad Halman. 

(416.) Baptized ... In Amelia Chappel, 

On Sunday June 12th. 

Anne, Daughter of David & Mary Jackson; born 
July 22d 1755. Suret: John Burdell, Mary,, Ann, wife 
of Conrad Halman. Dorothy, wife of Valentine Shoe- 
maker. r 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 171 

On Sunday July 3^ In Orangeb,, Church. • 

(417.) Elizabeth & \ Daughters of Thomas & Sarah 

(418.) Anne i' Lovelies: Elizabeth born 15^^ 

February. 1757. Anne born 2'? July 1754. Sureties for 
both: Edward Nicks, Mary, wife of Will'" Durberville, 
& Elizabeth, wife of Joseph Thornton. 

Eodeni Die et Loco: 

(419.) Elizabeth, Daughter of William & Sarah Hun- 
ter; born 2<| November 1755. Suret: Lewis Patrick, 
Mary, wife of Peter Wood, & Mary, wife of William 
Durberville 

(420.) On Sunday July \7[^} In Orangeb,, Church 
John„Henry, Son of Jn<.^ Nicholas & Verena Shuler; 
born 6t'i June 1757. Suret,. Henry Felder; Martin & 
Zibilla„Catharina Egly. . 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(42L) Barbara, Daughter of Adam Frolich deceased, 
& Rarbara, his late wife; born June 17th 1757. Suret: 
John Roth, Junior, Rachel Rowe, & Barbara, wife of 
the Rev. John Giessendanner. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(422.) Elizabeth„Barbara, Daughter of John & Eliza- 
beth Waber; born June 9^ 1757. Suret.. Nicholas 
& Maria„Barbara, wife of Frederick Strubel. . • 

(423.) Baptized... At the House lately possess'd 
by Willill M<r Nichol, near Amelia Township 

On Thursday August 4th 

Elizabeth, Daughter of William & Elizabeth Mc- 
Nichol; born April 2Sth 1757. Suret. Thomas Hails, 
Mary M^^Gowan, & Margaret, wife of John M^'Gowan. 

(424.) On Monday August 15th 

Stephen, Son of William «i: Sarah Hart: born Janu- 
ary 6th 1757. Suret,, Luke & Mary Patrick, «& Rev<i 
John Giessendanner 

(425.) On Sunday August 2Sth In Orangeb,, Church 
Maltha. I>aiiahter nf .lohn A: Margaret (Hbson: born 



172 THE HISTORY OF 

Decern It; W}} 1756. Snret: George Fox. Rachel, wife 
Michael Larry, & Willonghby Fox. widow. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(426.) Elizabeth. Daughter of William & Mary Dann; 
born March 18^.'.' 1757. Suret: Thomas Ly wick, fr Wil- 
loughby Fox, widow 

(427.) On Tne.sday Septembi; 3011' Administred pri- 
vate Baptism in my own House in Orangeburgh. to 

Maria, Daughter of Caspar & Mary 0th; born April 
8U' 1757. Present. Lewis Golsen, Peter Stehely &c. 

(428.) On Sunday Octob'- <)th i^ Amelia Chappel 
Thomas, Son of John & Anne Millis; born June lO^^^ 
1757. Suret,, Alexander & Isabell Tale, & William 
Thomson, 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(429.) Joseph, Son of Conrad & Mary. .Anne Halman; 
born Septemb., 8U^ 1757. Suret: Caspar Brown, Joseph 
Festner, & Regina, wife of Adam Willis- • - 

(430.) Baptized ... In Orangeburgh Church 

On Sunday Octob"; 23'? 

Anna, Daughter of Jn*;^ Henry & Anne„Margaret 
Shilling; born Septemb'; -. 1757. Suret: Peter Grif- 
fith, Anne, wife of Henry Rickenbacker, & Mary,, 
Catharina, wife of Henry Mell - ■ . 

(431.) On Sunday Novembf; ^^}}. In Orangeb,, Church 
George„Riggs, Son of Peter & Mary Wood; born De- 
cember 4^'? 1751. Suret.. Joseph Griffith, Henry Sally 
Jun„ & Elizabeth, wife of Joseph Thornton. 

(432.) On Sunday Novemb': 13th. i„ Amelia Chap- 
pel Mary, Daughter of William & Eugenia Thomson: 
born Octob"; 3<J 1757. Suret: Joseph Russel, Rachel, 
wife of Capt John Lloyd, & Katherine, wife of Timo- 
thy Dargan. 

(433.) On Sunday Novemb^ 20U» in Orangeburgh 
Church — John,, Lewis. Son of Caspar & Ana„Maria 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 173 

Kubir. born Sp[)teiul).': 24^;'.' 1757. Saret: Lewis & 
Elizabeth Golstni & Peter Stehely. 

Eodem Die t't Loco: 

(484.) HaiK"<.,CtU>p;i]-, »Son ot Barnard & Anrie„Mary 
Ziegler: lioiii Seiitemh'" 28'.'.i 1757. Suret: Conrad 
Hungerbiller, Caspar Knlin & Anne„Margaret Barrin. 

Eodem Die et Loeo: 

(435.) John. .Jacob. Son of Conrad & Maria„Elizabeth 
Hungerbiller; born iSeptenib^; 3*^ 1757. Suret: Bar- 
nard Ziegler, Jacob and Christina,. Barbara Hunger- 
biller...r. 

Eodeui Die et Loco: 

(436.) John,,Jac()b. Son of Abraham & Susannah Du 
Puis; l)orn Octoby. 23<1 1757. Suret: John Giegelman, 
Jacob and Mar\%,Susanah Herlan ..... 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(437.) Mil r}^. Elizabeth, Daughter of John & Susanah 
Friday; born Octob': 91'.' 1757. Suret,, Lewis & Mary,, 
Barbara Roth, & Elizabeth, wife of John Harrisper- 
ger. 

(438.) Baptized- . . In Orangeburgh Church 

On Sunday Novemb'; 20tAi 

Magdalene, Daughter of Barnard & Susanah„Eliza- 
beth Snell; born Septemb W}} 1757. Suret:.. Fred- 
erick Hoff, Mary„Catharina, wife of Elias Snell, & Eve,, 
Catharina, wife of John,, George Hayner. 

(439.) On Sunday Decemb': ID.^ In Amelia Chappel 
Margaret, Daughter of Samuel Bly & Margaret Beck; 
born Novemb';5th 1757. Suret: Caspar Brown, Mary,, 
Anne, wife of Conrad Halman & Mary Whiteford, 
widow. 

(440.) John, Son of Barnard & Mary„Apollonia 
liebennder: born Octob'' HU.I' 1757. Suret: Frederick 
Huber. Abraham & Mary Yssenhut- Baptized-. On 
Sunday, Christmas,. Dav. Decemb'' 25'!.< 1757 • ■ • 



174 THE HISTORY OF 

(441.) On Wednesday Decembf; 2Sth. . . Baptized 

(442.) Mary and Lydia, both the Daughters of 
Thomas & Lucretia Oisins; Mary born Decemb'; 2Sl]l 
1751. Lydia born Octob'; Gth 1757. Suret for both: 
John & Margaret Gibson, & Willoughby Fox, wid- 
ow • • • - 
1758: ) 

On Saturday January 7t^. • • • ■ Baptized 

At the House of Colonel Richardson in S* Mark's 
Parish, Craven County 

(32.) Thirty„two Children 

(475.) On Sunday February b^}} InOrangeb,, Church 
Barbara, Daughter of Henry & Magdalene Crummy; 
born Decembr 26th 1757, Suret: John Wolf Sen,, 
Margaret Roller, & Barbara, wife of John Jennings. 

(476.) On Monday February 13th Jn Orangeburgh 
Church William, Son of Joseph & Mary Dewidd; born 
March 7tii 1757. Suret: Charles Strother, John Thomas. 
& Anne, w^ife of John Taylor. . - 

(477.) Friday March 3^? Administred private Bap- 
tism at the House of John Giegelman in Orangeburgh 
to Mary„Elizabeth, Daughter of John & Anna.,Eliza- 
beth Giegelman; born February 6t!> 1758. Present: 
Valentine Kronick, Jacob Giegelman &c. 

(478.) On Sunday March 5!.h. In Orangeb.. Church 
Abraham, Son of Joseph & Margaret Griffice; born 
January 19th 175}^, Suscept: Andrew Covan. John 
Wolf Sen, & Susanah„Barbara Giessendanner. 

(479.) Eodem Die et Loco: 

Patty, Daughter of John & Barbara Piatt; born 

175—. Suret: Charles Hottow, Mary.. 

Katherine, wife of Henry Mell. & Margaret, wife of 
Samuel Densmore. 

(480.) On Easter..Sunday March 26th. |n Orangeb.. 
('hurch 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 175 

- - - Daughter of Jacob & Anna Wideraan; 
born February 26t.h 1758. Suret: Rudolph & Elizabeth 
Theiler, & Anne,,MtiiT. wife of Caspar Kuhn .... 

(481.) On Easter.,Monday March 21\]^ In Orangeb,, 
Church Susannah, Daughter of Joseph & Barbara 
DuUe; born 175 — . Suret;* 

(482.) On Sunday April 16*1., in Orangeb,, Church 
Anna, Daughter of Jacob & Catharina Koonen; born 
March 81*^* 1758. Suret: Francis Koonen, Anna, wife 
of Joseph Deraujus, & Barbara Harrisperger, widow. 

(488.) Baptized In Orangeburgh Church 

On Sunday April 23^1 

John„Jacob, Son of Jacob & Johanna Hegler; born 
March Vd^\ 1758. Suret: John & Margaret Myer, & 
Frederick Myer. 

Eodeni Die et Loco: 

-(484.) Isaac, Son of Charles & Anne Hottow; born 
28 .<J of March 1758. Suret: Isaac Hottow, Simon 
Yonn, and Margaret Dietrick. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(485.) Margaret. Daughter of Jacob & Dorothy 
Tshudy; born March 21 ?t 1758. Suret: Henry Bossart, 
Margaret Koller, & Mary„Ca.tharina Tshudy 

(486.) On the Fast Day Wednesday May 17th. i„ 
Orangeb,, Church John,, Frederick, Son of Lewis & 
Catharina,.Elizabeth Kern; born March 9t.h 1758: Su- 
ret: Melchior Smith, Frederick & Barbara Huber. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(487.) Abraham, Son of John & Sarah Clayton; born 
April nth 1758. Suret: Isham Clayton, Abraham 
Hasfort, Barbara Harrisperger, , widow. 

(488.) On Sunday May 21 «.t ,,•,., In Amelia Chappel 
William, Son of Thomas & Jane Platt: born Decemb'; 

■lA'ft out. 



176 THE HISTORY OF 

22*1 1757. Suret: Moses & Jane Thomson. & John 
Thomson. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 
> (489.) Saiah, Daughter of William & Mary Thom- 
son; born Decembf 21^*1757. Suret: Moses & Jane 
Thomson, Jane Beard, widow. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(490.) Martha, Daughter of Thomas & Anne Powel; 
'born, Octobr 12^^ 1757. Suret: William Thomson, 
Sarah Powel & Anne Powel. 

(491.) Thursday May 18t.'.> Administred private Bap- 
tis'm in my own House to 

Catharina, Daughter of Henry & Catharina Horger, 
born March 2b{^} 1758. Present Valentine Yutzy 
&c. . 

(492.) On Sunday May 2S^\\ In Orangeburgh Church 
George„Lewis; Son of Adam & Anna„Margaret — Evin- 
ger; born May 4^^ 1758. Suret: Johannes Wolf. 
George„Lewis & Mary„Barbara Roth - . . 

(493.) On Sunday June llt'.^-- In Amelia Chappel 
Rachel, Daughter of Edward & Rachel Brady, born 
March 6th 1758. Suret: William M^Nicol, Mary M^- 
Gowan, & Sarah Thomson ... 

(494.) On Sunday June W}} ■ ■ ■ ■ In Orangeburgh 
Church Margaret, Daughter of George & Eva,. Cathari- 
na Hayner; born May 5tM758. Suret: Adam & Anne,, 
Margaret Snell & Mary,.Elizabeth Strowman. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(495.) Anna,„Catharina, Daughter of Henry Snell 
Seni; & Catharina, his wife, deceased: born in Ma} 
1758. Suret: Adam Snell, Juliana, wife of Henry Snell 
Juni; & Anna,.Catharina Barrin. 

(496.) On Sunday June 25^.!> In Orangeb., Church 
Mary.. Magdalene, Daughter of Jacob & Anna AVan- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 177 

nenmaker; born October 4^'' 1757. Snret: Jacob Roth,* 
Barbara Frolich. widow, & Mary, wife of Abraham 
Yssenhut. 

(497.) On Sunday July 9^1^ In Amelia Chappel. 
Jacob, Son of Garret & Agnesia Fitz,, Patrick; boru 
February 9t.ii 175S. Suret: John M^'Colloch, George 
M<:Colloch & Lydia M^;Colloch. 

(49S.) Baptized In Orangeburgh Church 

On Sunday July 23'1 

Peter Son of John & Margaret Inabnet; born July 
ii\]^ 1758. Suret: (leorge Giessendanner, Abraham 
Yssenhut, & Mary,, Elizabeth, wife of Henry Felder. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(499.) Seth, Son of Seth Hatcher deceas'd & Susan- 
nah, his wife; born April 23<? 1757. Suret: Nicholas 
& — — Susannah., Elizabeth Zorn, & Henry Zorn. . . 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(500.) Elizabeth. Daughter of Christian & Elizabeth 
Roth; born June 3*? 1758. Suret= Jacob Roth. Catha- 
rine, wife of Ulriclv Roth, & Mary„Catharina Tshudy. 



Eodem Die et Loco: 

(501.) Anna,,Margaret. Daughter of Henry it Appol- 
lonia Dentzler: born May 29*11 1758. Suret: Hans.. 
Henry Dentzler, Margaret, wife of Hans.,Ulrick Dentz- 
ler, & Anna, wife of Jacob Wideman 

*Sonth Carn/ina Oazrffr, May Dtli, 17(iH: "()»i Thursday the 2(>th of 
May iMstant will be sold hy public vendue, at the plantation of the 
late .Jacob Roth, deceased, in Orangeljursfh Township, All the said 
l)lantation, with the Standinf>- croi) thereon, three very .yood planta- 
tion slaves, and two children; the stock of cattle, horses, hoys, honse- 
iiold furniture, plantation tools, and all otiier articles belon<!,in« to 
said estate. The conditions will be made known on the day of sale. 

"All persons havin<-- any demands a.uainst the said estate, are de- 
sired to brinj"- them in properly attestetl; and all those indebted, to 
make payment by the above day to. 

;;.John Herris,,er,uvr, i ,,;x,.,.ui„rs." 
"Henrv lvekcnl)acb(r, i 



178 THE HISTORY OF 

(502.) On Sunday July 30t!>. In Orangeburgh Church. 
John„Jacob, Son of John., Frederick & Mary,, Barbara 
Ulmer; born July 3^1 1758. Suret: Jacob Giessen- 
dafier, & Jacob & Margaret Ott. 

(503.) On Sunday August 27l'.i In Orangeb,, Church 
John, Son of Ulrick & f]va,, Maria Brunner; born 
Augt 4th 1758. Suret: John Miller, Nicholas Yonn. 
& Elizabeth, wife of John Herrisperger 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(504.) Jacob, Son of Andrew & Margaret Frederick; 
born June 20th 175s. Suret: Peter Shoeman, Peter &. 
Margaret Dirr. 

(505.) Baptized. . -In Orangeburgh Church 

On Sunday August 27^}?. 

Anna, Daughter of Emanuel & Mary Miller; born 
August 5th 1758. Suret: John Stehely, Anna Negely, 
& Elizabeth, wife of John Herrisperger. 

Eodeni Die et Loco: 

(506.) Sarah, Daughter of Adam & Anne„Margaret 
Snell; born July 16^1} 1758. Suret: Barnard Ziegler. 
Mary,, Elizabeth, wife of Conrad Hungerbiller, & Cath- 
arine Herter. . . 

(507.) On Sunday Septemb';.3*i . In Orangeburgh 
Church Susannah, Daughter of John & Elizabeth Bur- 
dell; born July 4th 1753, Siiret: Lewis Ulmer, Eliza- 
beth Tilly, & Mils Hawskin, widow. 

(508.) On Sunday Septemb'; 10th In Amelia Chappel 
Jane, Daughter of Thomas & P\inny Curtise; born 
Febi; 7th 1757. Suret: John & Fanny Millis, and 
Katherine Ballintine - • • 

(509.) On Thursday Septemb'; 14!.''. In Oranegb.. 
Church. Anna, Daughter of Leonard & Sarah Warne- 
dow; born March lOth 175s. Surets: Charles & Anna 
Hottow and Anna Kays- • 

(510.) On Sunday Septemb';. 17"' In Orangeb,. 
Church Anna, Daughter of Joseph & Anna Cook: boi'n 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 179 

Augiir^t 14t.V. 175S. Siiret: Jacob Yssler, Rachel, wife 
of Michael Larry & Barbara Frolich, widow. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(511.) Elizabeth. Daughter of John & Anne„Mar- 
garet Myer, born August 2*? 1758. Suret: Frederick 
Myer, Lovisa, wife of Jacob Horger, & Verena, wife 
of Jn^' Nicholas Shiiler. 

(512.) Baptized in Orange burgh Church 

On Sunday Septeml)'; \7^}^ 

Elizabeth. Daughter of John., Peter & Magdalene 
Sondel; born JuneSt'i 1758. Suret: Peter Shoeman. 
Ann„Catharina. wife of George..Jacob Kurner. & Ann= 
Mary-Cat harina, wife of Ulrick Roth ... 

(518.) On Sunday Octob'; l*?t Baptized at a House 
upon the High.,Hills in SI Mark's Parish, where per- 
formed Divine Service 

(514.) Two Children. 

(515.) On Tuesday Octob': 3<i At the House of (^ol. 
Richard Richardst)n in SI Mark's Parish 

Ezekiah„Cantey. Son of the said Richard Richard- 
son & N. his wife: horn Sep"; 28t.'i 1758. Suret: Josiah 
Cantey, Miss N. Richardson, ct Richard Richardson 
Jun 

Eodem Die et Loco: 
near iVmelia 

(516.) Margaret, Daughter of John & Maig-aret M*"- 
Gowan: born 15t'> Sept'; 175S. Suret: George M^'- 
Nichols* & his wife & Katharine Flood 

(517.) On Sunday Octob'; S*!' In Amelia Chappel. 
Moses. Son of Jeremiah & Katherine Strother: born 
August St.'.i 1758- vSuret: Jerenjiah Strother. S\\ en «V 
p]lizabeth Themlioro. 



■^Tl>c will (if one Ocoruc McN iclidls, iccunlcil in llic ulVwr of .Judtic 
of Prohiitf, Cliiirk'stoii, is d.-itcd 17.").">, .-iikI is to lie Iniiini mi it.-iyc 14.';, 
of tlu- hook for tli;it iu'i'io(l. 



ISO THE HISTORY OF 

Eodeni Die et Loco: 

(518.) Margaret, Daughtei- of Richard & Mary Bald- 
ridge; born August 31*?^ 1758. Suret John Tliom- 

son, Sarah Thomson, & Elizabeth Vance. 

(519.) Baptized In my House 

On Saturday Octob'; 14!!^ 

James, Son of Isham & Anue Clayton; born Sep- 
temb'; 5^!' 1758. Suret: Peter Faure, Lewis Netman 
& Mary Faure 

(520.) On Sunday Octobi; 15^.11. In Amelia Chappel. 
Rachel, Daughter of Willinm & Jane Newton; born 
Sepf; llt.l^ 1758. Suret: William M^'Nichol, Eliza- 
beth, wife of William Heatly, ^ Mary.,Anne, Wife of 
John Fouquet 

(521.) On Sunday Octobi; 224 In Orangeburgh 
Church Anne,, Katharine, Daughter of Nicholas & Su- 
sannah„Elizabeth Zorn; born Sepf; 23'J 1758. Snret= 
Henry Zorn, Eva„Katharine Pfuntzius, widow, & An- 
na,, Maria„Cathariija, wife of Ulrick Roth. . 

(522.) On Saturday Novembr 4^ii At the House of 
John Aberly below Orangeburgh Township Anna,. 
Barbara, Daughter of John & Margaret Anding; born 
Septr 8th 1758^ Suret^ Frederick and Barbara Huber. 
& Barbara, wife of Peter Shoeman. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(523.) Anna„Barbara, Daughter of Petei- & Barbara 
Shoeman; born in Decemb^ 1757. Suret: George 
Drechsler, Margaret, wife of John Anding, & Anne 
Aberly. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(524.) Anna„Margaret, Daughter of Peter and Kath- 
arine Dirr; born January 20*.^ 1758.. Suret: Peter A: 
Barbara Shoeman. it Maigaret. wife of John And- 
ing... 

(525.1 Baptized - ■ In Aimdia Chappel 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 181 

On Sunday Novenil)! 12!!> 

Rachel, Daughter of William & Maiy., Elizabeth 
Heatl}-; born August 24^.' 1758. Suret^ Cob: John 
Chevillette, Anne, wife of James Courtonne, & Rachel, 
wife of John LloyrI 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(526.) Jeremiah, Son of Randal & Rachel M^'Car- 
they; born Septenib'; 23<? 1758. Suret^. Cornelius 
Thys, Gari-et & Agnesia Fitz Patrick. 

EfVJem Die et Loco: 

(527.) Rachel, Daughter of William & Rebecca 
Hickie; born Octob'; 28!il 1758. 

Surefs Joseph Gant, Anne, wife of Robert Gossling, 
& Rachel wife of Randal M<^Carthey 

(528.) On Monday Novembr 27!^ Administred pri- 
vate Baptis'm in my House to 

John, Son of Jacob & Lovisa Horger; born Octob\' 
2SfJ' 1758. Present: John Myer, John Ott &c. 

(529.) On Sunday Decemb'; lOtii. In Amelia Chap- 
pel* 

(530.) Eodem Die et Loc6:t 

(531.) On Sunday Decemb'' 17!Ji. 

Baptized In Orangeb,, Church 

Jacob, Son of Martin & Margaret,, Barbara Kemler; 
born Novemb'; l^t 1758: Suret.. Jacob Morff,^ Con- 
rad Hungerbiller & Barbara Dentzler 

(532.) On Sunday Decemb'.* 2i\]^ In Orangeb,, Church 
Catharina,, Elizabeth. Daughter of Lewis and Mary,, 
Barbara Roth; born Decemb'; . 1758. Suret. Lewis & 
Elizabeth Golsen, & Catharina, wife of Hans., George 
Hessy. 

(533.) On Sunday Decemb'; 31^:.' In Orangeb,, Church 

*Rest left out. -flA^ft hhmk. 

jTlu' will of .Itieol) iMorff, "of SaXf-dotlia" TovviLsliip, istlatt-d Oeto- 
lier, 17()2, and is it'cordt'd in tlieotticc of .Jndjiv of IM-obatr, ('harlcslon, 
on pajrc 2:iO, of the book covering' that year. 



182 THE HISTORY OF 

Susannah, Daughter of Daniel & Sarah — Linder; born 
Octob'' SOtii 1758. Sui-et« John Thomson, Elizabeth 
Tilly, Susannah Tilly 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(534.) Sarah, Daughter of Martin ct Susanah Sally: 
born March 13*.'^ 1758. Suret.^ Joseph Coutier Jun.. 
Mary Coutier & Anna Yonn • 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(535.) Mary, Daughter of Jiv> Herman & Elizabeth 
Crummy; born Feb'; 2'? 1753. Suret: Henry and 
Mary,.Elizabeth Felder, & Martha, wife of Joseph 
Wood. 
1759. 

January 15*:^. 

(536.) Charles, Son of Barnard k Martha Linsey: 
born Pebi; IStji 1756. Sui-et: Thomas Farles, Freder- 
ick & Anna Hougs- • 

(537.) Baptized... January 15^'^ 

Elisha, Son of Frederick & Anna Hougs; boi-n Sep- 
tembr 5th 1758. Suret. Barnard & Martha Lindsay, 
Thomas Farles- • • 

Eodem Die: 

(538.) Benjamin & } both the Sons of Bartilot and 

(539.) William ( Katherine Brown; Benjamin 
born January 27*!^ 1756; William born Octob*; 51^ 
1757. Suretf! for both: Henry Kowe, William De- 
widd &c, 

(540.) On Sunday In Orangel)., Church 

Daughter of Jacol) i^' Margaret Ott: born 

175— Suretr.* 

(541.) On Wednesday Felj'; 7f.','- In Orangeb., 
Church Christopher, Son of Henry A: Anna liowe: born 
January 20^1.' 1759. Suret^ Andrew «.V: Rachel Co van. 
John Giessendanner. . . 

■•Noiu' uivcii. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 183 

(542.) On Sunday Feb'; 18^... In Orangeburgh 
ChiuTh 

Elizabeth., Barbara, Daughter of George and Catha- 
rina Waber; born January 21^;^ 1759. Suret.*? Nicho- 
las & Barbara Waber, k Elizabeth Waber, widow. • 

Eodem Die et Loc-6: 

(543.) John, .Theodore, Son of George,, Frederick & 
Elizabeth Knobel; born Jan'; W}} 1759. Suret.*? Theo- 
dore Fichtner, Frederick Ulmer, & Anna„Maria Hert- 
zog. . . 

(544.) On Sunday March 4t'.>. In Orangeb,, Church 
Samuel. Son of James & Judith Nicks; born January 
30^J 1757. Suret« Nathainiel & Mary— Watson, & Ja- 
cob Hottovv. 

(545.) Baptized In Orangeburgh Church 

On Sunday March i^. 

Jane, Daughtei- of Nathaniel & Mary Watson; born 
Octobi; 9Lll 1758. Suret« Frederick Ruber, Jacob 
Hottpw, & Margaret, wife of Sam! Densmore. 

(546.) On Sunday March ll':'^ In Amelia Chappel. 

James, Son of Samuel & Mary Carney; born April 
'j\^ 1758. Surety Arthur Carney. Moses Thomson 
1: Taylor \ & Mary., Ann, wife of Conrad Halman. 

(547.) On Tuesday March ]S^}} Administred private 
Baptis'm at the House of Jacob Stroman in Orange- 
burgh Township to 

Anna.. Margaret, Daughter of the said Jacob ^^ Eva., 
Catharina Stroman; born Novemb'; 3<? 1758. Pres- 
ent: John Shaumloffel &c 

(548.) On Sunday March 2'j^}} In Orangeb., ("hnrch 
John.,Lewis. Son of Lewis «t Elizabeth Golsaii: born 
February 9^1' 1759. Suret': John and Barbara (Jiessen- 
danner. John Harrisperger. . 

Eodem Die et Lix'o: 

(549.) Hans,. Jacob. Son of .lohn..( 'as]»ai' c^- Anna.. 



1S4 THE HISTORY OF 

Barbara Mintz; born March \2[^} 1759. Suret« John 
& Elizabeth Giegelman & Jacob Giegelman. 

(550.) On Sunday April l^:t. In Orangeb,, Church. 

Lewis, Son of Lewis & Frances Patrick; born Sept'.* 
17th 1758. Suret.s. John Clayton, Henry Zorn, & An- 
na, wife of Joseph Deraraas- . . 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(551.) John, Son of William Pendarvis. & Catharina. 
wife of Thomas Puckridge; born YehK 22<? 1759. Su- 
rety Joseph Deramas, Jacob Fund, & Mary, wife of 
Abraham Yssenhoot 

(552.) Baptized - • - ■ In Amelia Chappel 

On Sunday April 8^^. 

Anna, Daughter of William & Deborah Sabb; born 
February 2<? 1759. Suret.*^ William & Mary..Eliza- 
beth Heatly; & Anna Jones 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(553.) William, Son of Thomas & Mary Eberhardt: 
born January 2^^}} 1759. Surety William & Rebecca 
Mitchel &c 

(554.) On Easter„Day April W}}. In Orangeb.. 
Church Hans„George. Son of Francis & Mary Koonen: 
born March 21^*. 1759. Surety: George Balziger. Ja- 
cob Rumph, Catharine, wife of Jacob Koonen. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(555.) Eva„Catharina. Daughter of Adam H: Anna.. 
Barbara Rupp; born January 8<) 1759. Sure t?. Mar- 
tin Zimerman, Eva„Cathariua. wife of George Hayner. 
& Eva,. Elizabeth Hertzog 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(55H.) Lucretia, Daughter of Joseph & Sarah Clem- 
nions: born May l«f 175S. Suret^ Henry Sally Jun • 
.. Christina, wife of Nicholas Von 11. »k: N. wife of 
Henry Sally Sen. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 185 

(557.) Daughter of Joseph & Mary 

Coutier; born* 

(558.) On Suuday April 224 In Orangeb,, Church 
Peter, Son of Henry & Mary„Elizabeth Felder; born 
April 24 1759. Surety John & Barbara Giessendaner, 
Jacob Giessendaner. 

(559.) Baptized...- In Orangeb,, Church 

On Sunday May Q\^}: 

Rebecca, Daughter of James and Frances — Grant; 
born April G^'; 1759. Suret?. John & Barbara Giessen- 
danner, & Barbara, wife of John Jennings. 

(560.) On Sunday May 13th. jn Amelia Chappel 
Jane, Daughter of Thomas & Jane Piatt; born March 
34 1759. Surety. Moses and Jane Thomson, & Moses 
Thomson Junior 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(561.) David, Son of Johnf & Sophinisba M<^Cord; 
born March 12^^ 1759. Suret^ William Thomson, 
John Russell, & Rachel, wife of John Lloyd 

(562.) On Sunday May 20th In Orangeb.. Church 
Hans,, Paul, Son of John,, Martin and Anna„Margaret 
Hossleiter; born April 7th 1759. Suretf. Francis & 
Mary Koonen, & Kilian Grissert. • • • 

(563.) On Sunday May 27th in Orangeb,, Church 
Agnes, Daughter of Henry & Esther Volckart; born 
May 18th 1759, Suretf. Frederick Huber, Agnes Hu- 
ber, & Verena, wife of Henry Wiirtzer 

(564.) On Friday June \^} Administred private 
Baptism at the House of Jacob Herlan in Orange- 
burgh Township to a Sick Infant, viz: Johannes, Son 

*Rest left out. 

tThe ,V. ('. Gazrftr, of Moiuhiy, Aujiust 29, 17(iS, i-oi)tains the fol- 
lowiuji- advertisement of Soplioiiisha McCord, Administratrix, and 
Ciiaries McC'ord, Administrator: "To l)e sold, at i)nl)lic Auction, on 
Monday, the 12tl) day of Sei)temlK>r next ( if a fair day) if not the 
next fair day following: All the personal estate of ('apt. .lolm MeCord, 
late of St. Mark's I'arisii, deceased," ^-c. 



186 THE HISTORY OF 

of the said Jacob & Mary,.Susannah Herlan; born 
May 20th 1759. Present: Anna Roller. NB: This Child 
recover'd, and was receiv'd according to the Order of 
the Church on Sunday July 22«? 1759. Suret« Nicho- 
las Yonn, John Stehely, Anna Koller. 

(565.) Baptized ... In Orangeburgh Church 

On Whit Sunday June 3*? 

Daniel, Son of John„Nicholas & Verena Shuler; 
born April 25t'i 1759. Suret^ Daniel Shuler, John & 
Margaret Myer 

(566.) On Monday June 4tii Administred private 
Baptis'm in my House to 

Frederick. Son of Peter & Magdalene Murer; born 
April 5t'.i 1759. Present: John & Ulrick 0th .. - 

(567.) On Monday June 4^^ In Orangeb,, Church 
Thomas, Son of Henry & Anne Young; born April 13^.1? 
1759. Suret« Gavin Pou, John„Lewis Wolf, & Eliza- 
beth Tilly 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(568.) Rachel, Daughter of John Crummy deceas'd 
and Elizabeth, his late wife; born March 2<? 1757-.- 
Suretf^ Henry & Magdalene Crummy, & Margaret 
vv^ife of Joseph Griffith 

(569.) On Sunday June lOV.i. In Amelia Chappel 
Mary, Daughter of William & Frances Flood; born 
March 33<? 1759. Suretfi James Flood, Catharine 
Flood & Mary Ham melton - - - 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(570.) Mary„Elizabeth. Daughter of Alexander and 
Anne Boy; born April 28^^ 1759. Suret« John Foust. ' 
A una,, Margaret Dentzler. & Anna Smith. 

(571.) On Sunday July 1*:' In Orangeb,. Church 
Catharina, Daughter of Joseph t<t Margaret C()Of)er: 
born May 17t|i 1759. Surety: William Pou, Margaret, 
wife of Gavin Pou. & Barbanu wife of John Jen--^ 
nings. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 187 

(584.)* Baptized In Orangeburgh Church 

On Sunday August U)^!i. 

Elijah, Son of John Crummy deceas'd, & and Eliza- 
beth, his late wife; born March 5^.h 1755. Suret^; 
Henry Crummy, Peter Sandei & Mary Inabnet 

(585.) On Sunday August 2^^}} In Orangeb,, Church 
Mary„Elizabeth, Daughter of Caspar & Mary Oth; 
born August 4t^}} 1759. Suret« John Oth, Mary„Eliza- 
beth Stroman, & Mary, Wife of Francis Koonen. 

(586.) On Thursday Septembr 13th i^ Orangeb,, 
Church James, a Bastard„Child of Elizabeth Crossby; 
born May 28th 1759, Suret« Peter Faure, Isham & 
Anna Clayton. 

(587.) On Sunday Octob': 21«t. In Orangeb,, Church 
Joseph, Son of George Hessy and Catharina, his wife; 
born August 24th 1759. Suret^ Joseph Deramas, Ja- 
cob Weimer. & Verena, wifeof Nicholas Shuler. 

Eodeni Die et Loco: 

(588.) Anna, Daughter of John & Barbara- Giessen- 
danner; born Monday Septemb'.' 10th 1759. Suret« 
Christopher Rowe, Rachel, wife of Andrew Govan, and 
Barbara, wife of John Jennings: Born between 9 & 
10 o'clock. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(589.) Anna. Daughter of Ulrick & Margaret Stere- 
ky born Sept^ 12t.h 1759. Suret^ John Stereky, Anna 
Roller, and Catharina, wife of Jacob Koonen 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(590.) Regina, Daughter of Jacob <t Apollonia Wolf; 
born Sepf; 6th 17,59. Surety*. Frederick Huber, cVc. 

(591.) Baptized • • • In Orangeburgh Church. 

On Sunday Novemb'.- iSth. 

John..Fi'ederi('k, Son of Henry & Juliana Snell: born 

••Froiu ^T^ to ')S8, iiickisivi", lost. 



188 THE HISTORY OF 

Sept": 23f} 1759. Surety. Frederick Hoff, Philip Wag- 
ner & Mfir}^ Duboy 

Eoflein Die et Loco: 

(592.) Jacob, Son of Adam & Anne,,Margaret Snell; 
boni Sept': 21st 1759^ Suret,^ Peter Murer, Ulrick & 
Anne„Mary=Catharina Roth - - - 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(593.) Catharina„Margaret, Daughter of John„Peter 
& Magdalene Sondel; born Septr 28^.'; 1759. Surety 
Ulrick & Anne„Mary,.Catharina Roth, & Maria, wife 
of Andrew Frederick. 

(594.) On Sunday Novemb': 25^1 In Orangeb,, Church 
Ann a,. Margaret, Daughter of Jacob and Christina,, 
Barbara Hungerbiller; born August 26^.'; 1759. Surety. 
Caspar & Anna,, Maria Kuhn, and Margaret, wife of 
Joseph Huber. 

(595.) On Sunday Decembi; 16^;'.' In Orangeb,, Church 
David, Son of Jacob & Anna Rumph; born Novemh'; 
lO^h. 1759. Surets Henry Felder, Francis Koonen, & 
Catharintt. wife of Jacob Koonen .... 

(596.) On Christmas„Day Decembr 2b^}}. In Orangeb,. 
Church Susannah, Daughter of George & Susanah,, Bar- 
bara Ulrick; born Novenibr 27V? 1759. Suret?. John 
& and Barbara Giessendanner, & Ursula Leysath 

(597.) Baptized In Orangeb,, Church. 

On Christ mas,. Day Decern b^ 25^^ 

Eva„Catharina, Daughter of Bernhard and Anne,, 
Mary Ziegler; born 1759, Surety* 

(598.) On Wednesday Decembi;' 26^.'. In Orangeb,, 
Church Joseph, Son of Thomas & Hannah Pendarvis; 
born Septemb": 3*? 1759. Suretf. Philip Jennings, 
Brand Pendarvis, & Mary, wife of Henry Joidan — — 

1760. 



January \^.^, . In Orangeburgh Church 

*N()ne given. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 



18^ 



(599.) Susannah, Daughter of John & Eva.,Cathari- 
i]a Jubb; born May 24tii 1751) Suret« Conrcid Kryter, 
Susanah Kryier, widow, <t Apollonia, wife of Ja<'ob 
Wolf. 

(600.) Sunday January 6^'.' In Orangeb,. Church 

Jane, Daughter of John ^ Sarah (Uayton; born No- 
vemb': 19tM759. Surety. Henry Felder, Mary Faure, 
& Catharine Simons 

(601.) Eodem Die et Loco: 

Margaret, a Bastard„Child of Margaret, Daughter of 
Hans Imbodeii; born Decenib'; 2H[\^ 1759. Suret*; Nich- 
olas & Christina Youn, & Margaret Snyder. 

(602.) On Sunday Feb'; 8^? In Orange burgh Church. 

Uebeccah. Daughter of Joseph & Barbara Dukes; 
born Sept": 12^.^ 1759. Surety. Henry Felder, Hannah, 
wife of Jonathan Johnson, & Mary, Wife of Jacob Fund. 

(608.) On Saturday Feb'; 2*? At the House of Bene- 
dict KoUer John.,Ulrick, Son of Benedict & Magda- 
lene KoUer born Jan. 30<1» 1760. Surety Rev<? John 
Giessendanner, &c. 

(604.) Baptized / Sunday Feb'; lOti^ In Orangeburgh 
Church John.,Jacol), Son of Jn<^ Henry & Ann„Mar- 
garet Shilling; born January 5^.' 1760. Surets?.. 
Charles & Jacob Hottow, & Zibilla,,Catharina, wife of 
Martin Egly. 

On Monday Feb'; li^}}. Administred private Bap- 
tis'm 

(605.) To Reuben J the three Children of Reuben 
(606.) Mary > and Elizabeth Roberts; Reuben 

(607.) Solomon \ born Octobr Uth 1756. Mary 

born January i^}\ 175S. Solomon born 23<| January 
1760... 
Eodem Die- • . Administred private Baptism 

(60S.) To Henry and / both the Sons of .lames & 
(609.) William ( Mary Scytes: Henry born 

Feb'- 15f'' 1757. William born Decemb'; lOU' 1758. 



190 THE HISTORY OF 

(610.) Eodera Die--- Administred private Bap- 
tis'm to Archibald, Son of Charles & Lucy Scytes; born 
January l«t 1760 

(611.) On Wednesday Feb': W}} Administred pri- 
vate Baptis'm in Cap* Rowe's Fort to 

Elizabeth, Daughter of Henry & Anna,,Catharina 
Horger; born Decemb'; 2^j^}} 1759. Present: Peter 
Roth, Henry Rickenbacker 

(612.) On Sunday Febr 17th !„ Orangeburgh Church 

Daniel, Son of Conrad & Magdalene Yutzy: born 
Novembr.Sth 1759. Suret«. Daniel Shuler & Mary,. 
Barbara, his wife, & (jieorge Hertzog 

(613.) On Sunday Febl' 24tii In Orangeb,, Church 

Anna, Daughter of Jacob & Dorothy Tshndy; born 
Febr 17V.1 1760. Suret^. Simon Yonn, Margaret, wife 
of Jacob Hottow, & Anna, wife of Charles Hottow. 

Tuesday Feb'; 261^ Administred private Baptis'm 
to 

(614.) Peter and } Sons of George & Marv Cornw^ell: 
(615.) Billander f Peter born July II tii 1757. Billan- 
der born January 24^,!' 1759. 

(616.) On Saturday March 81^ at John Oth's Fort 

Jacob, Son of Ulrick & Eve.. Mary Brunner: boru 

1760, Suret^: Lewis Golsen, John Stehely. 

for Jacob Rumpb, & Barbara, wife of John Oiessen- 
daner 

(617.) Eodem Die et Loco: Administred private 
Baptism to 

Jacob, Son of Jacob & Anne. .Margaret Giegelrnan: 
born Febr 23<? 1760. Present: John Giegelrnan &c. 



(618.) On Sunday March 2<! In Orangeb.. Chnndi 
James, Son of John <fe Barbaia Piatt: born Febi:.26ti.' 
1760. Snret'::. Samuel Suther. Henry Rickenbacker. 
^ Anna, wife of Jacob Bussart, 

(619.) On Sunday March 9'i> In Amelia Chappel 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 191 

Thomas, Son of Thomas & Elizaheth Cryer; horn 
Sept':. 11^.'.^ 1759. Surets Thomas & Anne Powel. and 
Agnes Joyner 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(620.) Deborah, Daughter of Thomas & Anne Powel; 
born Jan'; 17^1' 17G0. Suret« Thomas & Elizabeth 
Cryer & John Powel 

(621.) On Monday March 24l'.i In Orangeb,, Church 
Josiah, Son of William and Rebeccah Cantey, of S^ 
Mark's Parish; born Jan"; 201'.' 1760. Suret« William 
Sims, James & Elizabeth Brunson 

(622.) Baptized... In Amelia Chappel 

On Sunday April ISt'i 

William, Son of Edward & Elizabeth Guphill; born 
Nov; 1st 1759 Suret?. John and Joseph Collins and 
Ann Guphill 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(623.) Catharine, Daughter of Willm & Catharine 
Strother; boi-n Febr 28ti} 1760. Suret?. John Davis, 
Dorcas Milner and Elizabeth Dargan ...... 

(624.) On Thursday April 17^1^ In John & Ulrick 
0th s Fort 

Elizabeth, Daughter of Ulrick & Barbara 0th; born 
April 9th 1760. Suret^. John 0th, Barbara, wife of 
John Oiessendaner, & Elizabeth Giessendanner. 

(625.) On Sunday April 20^^ In Orangeburgh Church 
Johannes, Son of Jacob & Anna Wideman; born 
March 1«* 1760. Suret^ John and Barbara Giessen- 
danner and Peter Murer 

(626.) Eodem Die et Loco: Administred private 
Baptism to Elizabeth. Daughter of Samuel & Eliza- 
beth Suther: born April 5^.'.' 1760. Present: Fred- 
erick Huber. 

(627.) On Sunday May lS.t[> in Orangeburgh Church 
Thick. Son of Charles it .\nnii Hottow: born May 7^} 



192 THE HISTORY OF 

1760. Surety. William Waiienmacker, Christian and 
Elizabeth Roth 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(628.) Anna, Daughter of Jacob and Anna Wan- 
nenmacher; born March 5^.'! 1760. Suret^, Jacob 
Bowman, Anna, wife of Charles Hottow, and Anna, 
wife of Joseph Deramas . • • • 

(629.) Baptized ... In Orangeb,, Church 

On Whit„Sunday May 25t.h. 

Anna, Daughter of Henry and Apollonia, Dentzler: 
born April 15*1} 176O. Suret^ Ulrick Bruner, Mar- 
garet, wife of Jacob Ott, & Margaret, wife of John 
Myer 

(630.) On Sunday June S^Js In Amelia Chappel 
Helena, Daughter of Garret and Agnesia Fitz,, Patrick: 
born* 

(631.) On Tuesday June 10^,1} Administred privat 
Baptis'm in my House to John,, Jacob, Son of John 
and Charlotte Roberts; born May 23^ 1760.t 

(632.) On Sunday June 15*^ In Orangeb,, Church 
Maria„Barbara, Daughter of Hans„George and Catha- 
rina Waber; born May 23^1 1760. Suret;* Conrad 
Baumgartner, Anna„Maria, Wife of Barnard:]: and 
Barbara, wife of Nicholas Waber, 

(633.) On Sunday June 29t.i}** 
John, Son of John and |f 
1 760. Suret« ft 

(634.) On Sunday August lO^j; Baptized in Amelia 
Chappel Jane,,Margaret, Daughter of Thomas and Isa- 
bel Murray; born May VS^}] 1760. Suret- Moses 
Thomson Esqi" Sarah Thomson, and Elizabeth wife of 
Robert Twiddie. 

(635.) On Sunday August \7^}]. In Ornngeb.. 
Church Anna„Margaret. Daughter of Martin and Mar- 

*Rest left out. tRest left out. iNaiiie torn off. ■•Otlu'r words 
torn off. ttOther name torn off. tt'^^'i^t yone. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 193 

jjfaret,, Barbara Kemler; born July 4^}} 1760 — Suret^ 
Barnard Ziegler. Appollonia, wife of Henry Dentzler, 
and Anna„Margaret Myer 

(636.) On Sunday Septemb'; 7^.''. In Orangeb,, ' 
Church Isham, Son of Isham* and Anne Clayton; born 
May IQt.i?. 1760. Suret'^ Henry Felder, Tobias and 
Mary Hertzog 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(637.) Anne, Daughter of Henry and Magdalene 
Crummy; born April 15'jj 1760. Surety Henry Zorn, 
Sarah Crummy and Catharine Simmons 

(638.) On Sunday Septemb'; Utji. In Amelia Chap- 
pel Andrew, Son of William and Mary„Elizabeth 
Heatly; born August li^}] 1760. Suret^ Jerome 
Courtonne. Willf^^ Sabb. and Rachel, wife of John 
Lloyd. 

Eodem Die et Loco: 

(639.) William. Son of Samuel & Mary Carney; born 
DecJ; 22*.» 1759. Suret^ John Mitchel John Johnson, 
Mary Fitz Patrick. 

(640.) fand Agnes Jackson; born:j: 

On Easter day April 7 1751 Baptized in Orange- 
burgh Church Maria, Daughter of Richard & Eliza- 
beth Hainsworth Born Feby 17 Last. Spon Michael 
Christopher Row% Margaret His wife. Christiana wife 
wife of Jacob Morflf'.** 

Here the record of births kept by Rev. -John Gies- 
sendanner ends, as the few lenjaining records made 
by him have been lost from the book. The following 
records were made l)y subsequent custodians of the 
book: 



*Tlie Gazette of the State of Soiif/i Carofhia, in Fehnuiry, 177S, i\n- 
houiicihI the deiitli of Tshain Clfiytoii at Orniiuclniriili. 

tFiist name torn oti; i Jilt's t torn oft". ■• "Omitted in tlic ii-iiiilar 
account of (Miildivii Baptized." — Mr. Lneas's e(»i»y. 



194 THE HISTORY OF 

"Elizabeth Giessendaiiner the Daughter of Henry & 
Elizabeth Gissendanner Born July the 10- 1783." 

"Elizabeth Giessendanner the Daughtei" of Daniel 
Giessendanner and Ann Giessendanner born Decem- 
ber 21, 1791. Henry" 

The following is the burial re<'orcl kept by Mr. Gies- 
sendanner after his return from England: 

A List of Persons deceased and buried in the 
Township of Orangeburgh Per J Giessendanner Minis- 
ter of the Township- 
1749—50 

(1.) On Sunday the 25t'> of Februy was entered and 
buried in the Church yard at Orangeburgh the Body 
of Dorothy Moorer wife of Peter Moorer Jun^; She 
died the day before after a Fortnights Illness Aged — 

(2.) On Thursday April the i9tii Eodem Loco was 
entered and Buried the Body of Anna Magdalena, 
Daughter of Ulrick and Anna,,Angelia Raber: She 
died after ten Days Illness: Aged 2 year. 7| months. 

(3.) On Tuesday Augst \4[^^ Eodem Loco was en- 
tered and buried the Body of one who went by the 
name of William Little, or Willjam Little Williams. 
He died at Mr. Joseph Robinsons Aged about 70 
years. 

(4.) On Sunday September 9''^ eodem Loco was en- 
tered and buried the Body of Jacob Stauber, a native 
of Canton Zurich in Switzerland Inhabitant of Orange- 
burgh for about 7 months, who died after 9 dys Ill- 
ness on Saturday Sept St^ a. c. (aged 44 years Left A 
Wife) 

A List of Persons deceased and buried 

(5.) On Saturday November lOt'i 1750 was enterred 
& buried in the Church yard of Orangeburgh at a nu- 
merous Attendance of People the Body of Peter Hugg, 
one of the first and principal settlers of this Townshii* 
where he had been a Liver with his Family these 15 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 195 

years past. He was horn in Switzerland Canton Bern. 
September n. s. 2r)f'i 1690 and dyed on Thursday night 
November S^'i 1750 mncli lamented by his wife and 
children, and all that l<ne\v him. 

(6.) On Monday Novemb'; 26^^" eodem Loco was en- 
tered and buried the Body of John Niclaus Hessy soii 
of Hans George & Catherine Hessy of this Township 
He dyed the day before after two months Hlness Aged 
19 months 

(7.) On Friday Novemb'; 30^1' was unfortunately 
drowned in Santee Eiver Swamp whether he was gone 
hunting after Cattle in Company with Several others 
and afterwards was bui-ied in the woods the Body of 

Andrew [nabnet Aged about 27 years, a 

Liver in this Township. His unfortunate death being 
a deplorable loss to his wife and 3 small children. ' 

(8.) On Monday Decemb'; 3<^i was entered and buried 
the Body of an Infant baptized the Day before named 
Hans George son of John & Susannah Fridig He dyed 
the night before and was buried in his Father's Plan- 
tation Aged 4 Days. 

A List of Persons deceased and buryed 

(9.) On Wednesday January 2^^ 1750/1. 

Was entered in the Church yard of Orangeburgh 
the Body of Ann Barbara wife of Caspar Kuhn of this 
Township. She dyed alter one Days Illness on Mon- 
day night Decemb'' 31;^^ Aged 

(10.) On Thursday March 7^'' was entered (at the 
Plantation of the Father of the deceased) the Body of 
Hans Jacob son of Henry «t Catheiina Strownjann of 
this Township Aged 2 year.s and about 6 months. 

(11.) On Saturday March 30ti' was entered in the 
chui'ch yard of Orangeburgh the Body ol' (lideon Jen- 
nings an old Protestant Italian Liver in this Town- 
shij) these 14 years past, who died the day before, his 
Aue unknown. 



196 THE HISTORY OF 

(12.) On Monday August 12^'! was enterred in the 
Church yard of Orangeburgh the Body of Anne Roth, 
wife of Peter lioth, Miller and Carpenter: She was 
born in Switzerland June 4t'» 1722, n. s. and died the 
day before her Burial having been confined to her bed 
since her Delivery for the space of nine weeks. iEtat: 
29 years and some weeks — 
1751. 

(13) On 'fhursday Augst the 29*^ was enterred the 
Body of George Giessendanner Jun^ who was born in 
Switzerland 17 July n. s. 1723 and dyed on Tuesday 
night August 21^^^ 1751. After 11 Days confinement 
in Bed and a consumptive lingering Ailment of sever- 
al years Aged 28 years and some weeks, 

(14.) On Monday Octobr 28*'! was enterred the 
Body of Anna wife of John Wolf, A Liver in Orangeb^; 
Town. 

(15.) On Friday January 3'^ 1752 was enterred at 
the Plantation of Cap^ James Tilly the Body of Daugh- 
ter of the s*i James Tilly and Margaret his wife; She 
was born Octobi; 3^^ 1737. and died on Thursday Jan- 
uary 2*^ 1752. After 3 days Illness — Aged 14 years 
and 3 months. 
1752 

(16:) On Tuesday January 28^.'' was entered in the 
Church yard of Orangeburgh the Body of Hugh M^- 
Coy= He was unfortunately kickt of his Horse on 
Sunday evening Jan 26t^> as he was mounting the 
same, of which after much Anguish and Pain he died 
on Munday night Jan*" 27^^ 

(17.) On Thursday Feb. 20f.»» was enterred the Body 
of Maria Daughtei of Christopher & Margaret Row 
after some weeks Illness: Aged 3 Mo- -29 days-- 

(18.) On Sunday May 24'i' 1752 was enterred in the 
Church yard of Orangeburgh the Body of Regina. wife 
of Jacob Kuhnen Sen'; a native of Switzerland and 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 197 

settled in this Township in the yeai- 1736. She dyed 
after a lingering Illness of one month in the 74'^ year 
of her age, and had lived with her above named Hus- 
band in wedlock 52 years 

(19.) On Munday August 17^^ was buryed the 
Body of Isaac Hottow, a Settler in this Township for 
several years past, who died suddenly on Saturday 
August 15<^h on \\^Q edge of the Path as he was going 
home and was found and taken up dead between, his 
Home and the Town of Orangeburgh, no mark of 
any Fall or violence done him could be seen on his 
Body. He left a wife and 7 children, four of which 
are niarryed. He was aged 57 years and buryed at his 
own Plantation. 

(20.) At the Same Time and Place, and into the 
same Grave was enterred the Grand child of the said 
Isaac Hottow named Susannah Daughter of Charles & 
Ann Hottow, who died on Monday August 17^^^ in the 
morning after a Fortnights Illness, aged one year- 

Qi ( On Wednesday Septr 27^'^ was buryed at the 
\ Plantation of the late Isaac Hottow de'cd the 

Body of Catharine Daughter of Peter and Ann GriflBce 
of this Township. She died the Day before being 
Septr 26 after two days Illness aged 3 years and about 
9 months. 
1753 

Register of Buryals in Orangeburgh Township J. G. 

(22.) On Thursday March 29t»» 1753 was buryed at 
the Plantation of Joseph Kryter the Body of Daughter 
of said Joseph Kryter and Sarah his wife: She dyed 
of a cough ^tat. 

(23) On Sunday July 15^1' was enterred in the 
Church yard of Orangeburgh the Body of Margaret 
daughter of Michael & Regula Larry: She died after a 
lingering Illness of nigh a Twelveiiionth atat 3 years 
3 months — 



198 THE HISTORY OF 

(24) On Monday Septr 24^^ was enterred in the 
Church yard of Orange burgh the Body of* 

(25) On Saturday Octoh'' 27tii 1753 was enterred in 
the Church yard of Orangebnrgh the Body of William 
son of Joseph & Margaret Cirieffous died Octob'' 26^'' 
A tat 1 year 24 Days 

(26) On Monday Decern b'' 17*ii 1753 was enterred at 
the Plantation of Henry Staicfcy the Body of Ann 
daughter of the said Hy & Elizabeth Starcky died 
Octbll6ti»,Atat IS days. 

(27) On Wednesday Jany 2^1 1754 was enterred at 
the Plantation whereon Joseph Kock now lives the 
Body of- Hans Heinrich, Son of the said Joseph & Ann 
Kock died Decemb'' 31. 1753. Atat 3 years 3 weeks. 

Register of Buryings Orangebnrgh Town- 
ship. 
1754. 

(28) On Saturday January 5^'' died and on Sunday 
Jany G^^i was enterred at the Plantation of Mrs. Mary 
Russel in Amelia Township, the Body of the said 
Mary Russel, who lived in the s'^ Township nigh 26 
years, and died aged about 55 years — after 4 Days Hl- 
ness — — : — 

(29) On Monday Febry 4tii died and the following- 
day was enterred in the church yard of Orangeburgh 
the Body of John Illrick son of Peter Roth & Ann his 
late wife deceas'd who died after a lingering Illness of 
some months; aged 2 years & upwards of 7 months. 

(30) On Monday March 1 P»i was enterred at the 
Plantation of W»»' Barrie the Body of s<|. W"^ Barrie. 
a native from Scotland but a Liver in Orangeburgh 
Township for many years. He dyed after a lingering 
niness of several months on Sunday March 10 Jitat- 

(31) On Wednesday July KM.'' died «t the day follow - 

'Name not ^iiven. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 199 

iiig was enterred at tlie Plantation whereon Jacob 
Bossai't then lived, the Body of Ann wife of the said 
Jacob Bossart some Time agoe arrived from Switzer- 
land, in this Province She died after three weeks Ill- 
ness aged nigh 60 years. 

(32) On Saturday Angast 3*1 died after three weeks 
Illness and on Sunday August 4^1' was enterred at the 
Plantation of .lohn Friday Jur the Body of Zibella 
daughter of Barnard & Ann=Mary Ziegler, aged 7 
months 3 weeks 

The remainder of the burial record which now fol- 
lows was not copied from the original, but from a 
copy of the original, made by the late Mr. John Lucas. 
Warden of the Church of the Redeemer in Orange- 
burg. His copying was not as precise as to details as 
the foregoing, but is correct as to the substance of the 
entries: 

Page 8. 

Register o Buryings Orangeburgh Town ship 
1754 

N^ 33 On Saturday Oct^' 19 died and on Sunday 
Oct2 20 was Enterred at the Plantation of Henry 
Strom an the Body of Catharina Barbara, Daughter of 
Stephen & Mary ann Whitman aged 8| months. 

34 On Friday NovH' 29 died / having unfortunately 
and as was generally judged by an unhappy accident 
shot himself whilst he thought to tire at deer — David 
Runtgenauer a Foreigner from Germany, and late ser- 
vant of Capt James Tilly and was Enterred at the 
plantation of Christopher Monheim on Saturday Nov 
30 aged unknown 

35 On Thursday Dec'" 12f'> died of a lingering Ill- 
ness, attended with apoplectick Fits and on Fridax 
Dec""' 13 was Enterred at the Plantation of John 
George Barr in Oiangeburgh 'i'ownship tln^ Ixxly of 



200 THE HISTORY OF 

the said John George Barr a native of Germany aged 
48 years 2^ months 

36 On Saturday DecIH 21^'' died after having been 
afflicted with a tedious Illness of almost 84 years, and 
on Sunday Dec"" 22i^ was Enterred in the Church Yard 
of Orangeburgh the Body of Christian Hnber, son of 
Hans Huber of Orangeburgh Township aged 30 years 
& 

1755 

37 On monday March 24^*1 died after 14 days Illness 
and on Wednesday March 26. 1755 was Enterred in the 
Church yard of Orangeburgh the Body of Susannah 
Daughter of John and Barbara Giessendanner aged 2 
years 5 months 

38 On Thursday Augt 21t'i died after four weeks 
Illness and on Friday august 22 was Enterred in the 
Church Yard of Orangeburgh the Body of Mary Eliza- 
beth, daughter of John and Susannah Fridig of Orange- 
burgh Township aged 6 years and 5 months. 

Register of Buryings. Orangeburgh Township 

Page 9. 

1755. 

N^ 39 On Tuesday August 26^^! died after some 
months Illness and on Wednesday August 27 was En- 
terred in the Church Yard of Orangeburgh The body 
of Ann Margaret daughter of Elias and Mary Catha- 
rine Snell of Orangeburgh Township Aged about 26 
years — 

40 On Thursday Augt 28. died nfter a tedious and 
most painful Disorder of Nigh Seven years and on Fri- 
day August 29^*' was Enterred at the plantation of 
Henry Rickenbacker in Orangeburgh Township the 
body of Catharine Dill a maid aged about 26 years. 

41 On Thursday Oct'_» 23<1 died nftei- a long disoi'dei- 
and a few davs confinement in lied and on F^'riihiv 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 201 

Octl^ 24 was Enterred at the Plantation of Melchior 
Ott, a native of* Switzerland who settled in the said 
Township in the year 1735 aged about 57 years 
1756 

42 On m()n(iay Jany 19^ died after a long disorder 
and one days confinement in Bed and on Wednesday 
Jany 211^ was Enterred at the plantation of John 
Spring in Orangeburgh Township The Body of Mar- 
garet wife of the said John Spring aged about 73 
years. 

43 On Saturday morning January 3l£.t died after 
Thirteen days Illness and on Sunday Feby 1 was En- 
terred in the Church Yard of Orangeburgh the Body 
of Barbara wife of Henry Snell — Senior of Orange- 
burgh Township aged about 72 years 

Register of Buryings Orangeburgh Township 

Page 10 

1756 

44 On Sunday Feby 8^ died of a painful disorder 
and on Monday Feby 911l was Enterred at the Planta- 
tion of Joseph Robinson in Orangeburgh Township 
the body of Anne, wife of the said Joseph Robinson 
aged about. 

45 On Wednesday April 14^ died after one months 
Illness and on Thursday April 15ill was enterred in 
the Church Yard of Orangeburgh the body of Jacob 
Kuhnen senior a native of Switzerland who settled in 
Orangeburgh Tow^nship in the year 1736 aged about 
83 years 

46 On Thursday June 17ti» died after a lingering Ill- 
ness of nigh a Twelve month and on Friday June 18^1^ 
was Enterred in the Church Yard of Orangeburgh the 
Body of Abraham Son of Jacob and Anne Rumph 
aged one year 8 months ct 20 days 

47 On Sunday July 41il died after some months Ill- 
ness an<l on Monday -Uilv 5 was Enterred in the 



202 THE HISTORY OF 

Church Yard of Orangebnrgh the Body of John Bal- 
ziger— Senior^ — of the said Township of Orangeburgh — 
Anno a tat 59 years 9 months & 9 da.ys 

48 On Wednesday Sept S^ii died after Eight days 
Illness and on Thursday Sept 9ill was Enterred in my 
absence at the plantation of Martin Kooner in 
Orangebuigh Township the Body of Hans Jacob, son 
of Jacob and Catharina Kooner of the Township afore- 
said aged 4 years wanting 22 days 

49 On Friday Sept 17^'' died and on Saturday Sept 
ISlll was Enterred in the Church Yard of Orangeburgh 
the Body of Ursula, widow of (lideon Zanini |alias| 
Jennings late of Orangeburgh Deceased aged Sixty 
seven Years. 

Page 11 
1756 

50 On Monday Sept 19th died and on Tuesday Sept 
20Hl was Enterred in the Church yard of Orangeburgh 
the Body of Lewis son of Luke and Mary Patrick of 
Orangeburgh aged 16 months IS days 

51 On Sunday Sept 26 died and on Monday Sept 27 
was Enterred at the Plantation whereon the deceased 
then lived the Body of Seth Hatcher of Edisto Fork a 
native of Virginia aged about 70 years 

52 On Tuesday Oct^ 5^11 died of the bloody Flux 
and on Wednesday Oct^2 ^— was Enterred at the Plan- 
tation of John Harrisperger in Orangeburgh the Body 
of Nicholas Dirr of said Township aged 35 years a 
Carpenter & Millwright. 

53 On Monday Oct2 U^^' died of the Bloody Flux 

54 Peter and on Tuesday Oct2 12 died of the Same 
disorder Jacob both the sons of Johannes and Eliza- 
beth W(df of Orangeburgh who were both Enterred in 
the plantation of the said Johannes W^olf on Wednes- 
day Ocir 13t'> Peter aged 5 years & 1 month 13 days. 
Jacc)b aged 2 years 3 months and 22 days. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 203 

55 On TuescUiy Oct<» 12 died of the Bloody flux and 
on Wedtjesday Octi.^ 13 was Enterred at tbe Plantation 
of Francis Kooner in Orangeburgli the Body of Jacob 
son of the said Francis and Mary Kooner aged two 
years wanting 15 days 

56 On Friday Oct<> W± died and on Saturday Oct2 
16 was Enterred on the plantation of John Martin 
Hossleiter of Orangeburgh Township the Body of 
Hans Emanuel son of the said John Martin and Anne 
Margaret Hosssleiter aged 2 years 7 months 

Register of Buryings Orangeburgh Township 
1756. 

57 On Saturday Oct2 16 died and on Sunday Oct" 17 
was Enterred ^t the plantation of Jacob Herlan in 
Orangeburgh Township the body of Mary Catharina 
Daughter of the said Jacob & Mary Susannah Herlan 
aged 11 years wanting 2 months 

58 On Friday Evening Dec^» 3^ died after Ten weeks 
Confinement in Bed and on Sunday Decl" ^^— was En- 
terred in the Church yard of Orangeburgh the Body of 
Magdalene late widow of Peter Hugg of Orangeburgh 
deceased aged 59 years wanting 22 days. 

59 On Sunday night DecV/ 26 1756 died & on mon- 
day Dec™ 27 was Enterred at the Plantation of Peter 
Roth in Orangeburgh the Body of an Infant named 
Anne Margaret, daughter of Jacob & Anne Wymer 
aged 6 dayS: 

1757 

60 On Saturday Jany SHi died & on Monday Jany 
10^ was Enterred in the Church yard of Orangeburgh 
the Body of F^lizabeth, widow of Henry Hessy deceased 
aged ahnost 79 years- 

61 On Sunday Jany 16 die<l »t on monday Jany 17 
was eiiterred in the Plantation whereon Henry 
Sterckey lives in Oi-angeburgli Townsliip the Body of 



204 THE HISTORY OF 

Elizabeth wife to the said Henry Sterckey aged 3 — 
years 

62 On Friday morning Feby 4121 died & on Saturday 
Evening Feby 611l was Enterred at the plantation of 
William Howell the Body of the said William Howell 
a settler i'or many years over Santee or Congaree 
River in Craven County aged 

Register of Buryings Orangeburgh Township 
1757 

63 On Tuesday night March 15Ill died in child Bed 
and on Thursday March ITHl was Enterred in the 
Church yard of Orangeburgh the Body of Margaret 
wife of Adam Snell aged about 26 years 

64 On Wednesday April 2711l died of a lingering Hl- 
ness Hlness and on Thursday April 28*^ was enterred 
in the plantation of Jacob Strowman of Orangeburgh 
Township the Body of Margaret wife of the said Ja- 
cob Strowman aged 36 years & 3 days 

65 On Wednesday June Sljl died & on Thursday 
June 9H^ was Enterred in the Church Yard of Orange- 
burgh the Body of William, son of John & Phibbie 
Mitchel, lately come from the Northward aged 20. 
mo. 

(66) On Wednesday vVugust 31^! died after nine days 
Hlness and on Thursday SeptI 1^ was enterred in the 
church yard of Orangeburgh the Body of Magdalena 
wife of Hans Imdortf of Orangeburgh a native of 
Switzerland aged about 70 years 

(67) On Saturday Nov^ \9^^ died & on Tuesday 
Nov 22 was Enterred in the church yard of Orange- 
burgh the Body of Susannah wife of Hans Huber of 
Orangeburgh aged about seventy years. 

(68) On Sunday Nov^ 27'^ died in child Bed & on 
Monday NoV 28 was Enterred on the plantation of 
Abraham Dupuis in Orangeburgh the Body of Susan- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 205 

iiah wife of the said Abraham Dupuis aged 37 Years, 
9 mo. 

(69) On ThursiJay DecT l^ was Enterred in the 
church yard of Oraiigeburgh the Body of Evan Reece 
a settler on the North side of Congree River who died 
at the house of Luke Patrick in Oraugeburgh on Tues- 
day Novl 30111 then being on his Journey to Georgia 

Register of Buryings Orangeburgh Township 
1758. 

(70) On Tuesday Jany 13 1758 died of a lingering 
Illness and on Sunday January 151J1 was Enterred in 
the Church yard of Orangeburgh the Body of Eliza- 
beth wife of Joseph Huber of the said Township aged 
about 29 years 

(71) On Thursday night Feby 22 died and on Satur- 
day Feby. 4 was Enterred in the plantation of Martin 
Koonen in Orangeburgh Township the Body of Bar- 
bara wife of the said Martin Koonen aged about 67 
years- 

(72) On Thursday March 9th (Jied and on Saturday 
March 11 was Enterred on the plantation of Melchior 

Otte of Orangeburgh Township the Body of the said 
Melchior Otte a native of Switzerland aged about 
60 years. 

(73) On Saturday night March 111.^ died of a pleu- 
risy and on Monday March 1311l was Enterred on the 
plantation of John Harrisperger in Orangeburgh the 
Body of his brother Rudolph Harrisperger aged 27| 
years. 

(74) On Tuesday March 141!^ died and on Wednes- 
day the 1511i was Enterred in the church yard of 
Orangeburgh the Body of Anna Negely widow a na- 
tive of Switzerland aged 

(75) On Friday morning Marcli \7^h died in child 
Bed, and on Saturday March 18t]i ^vas Enterred in the 



;206 THE HISTORY OF 

Church yard of Orangeburgh the bod.y of Barbara 
wife of the Rev^ John Giessendauner aged 33 years 
8| months 

(76) In the same cophin with her was laid and 
buried in the same, grave her little Infant born last 
Tuesday March \4^J}_ having been baptized on Wednes- 
day and named George died on Thursday night March 
16th 1758. 

Register of Buryings Orangeburgh Township, 
1758 

(77) On Saturday March 25 175^ died after ten day^ 
Illness and on Sunday March 26 was Enterred in the 
church yard of Orangeburgh the Body of Agnes wife 
of Peter Roth of Orangeburgh aged years 

(78) On Saturday April \^ died after six days Ill- 
ness at the house of Mr Henry Wurtzer in Orange- 
burgh and on Monday April 3^^ was Enterred in the 
church yard of Orangeburgh the Body of Fegina Phil- 
ippina wife of Valentine Yntzy below Orangeburgh 
Township aged about 40 years. 

(79) On Monday April 3^ died of an apoplectic Fit 
and on Tuesday April 412l was enterred on the planta- 
tion of John Harrisperger in Orangeburgh the Body 
of Mary Catharina wife of John Kitelman of Orange- 
burgh aged almost 60 years 

(80) On Monday Ap7-il 3lI 1758 died after Th?-ee days 
Illness and on Tuesday April 411l w^as enterred on the 
Plantation of Joseph Kryter in Orangeburgh the body 
of the said Joseph Krj^ter aged years 

(81) On Monday April S"! after Eight days Illness 
and on Wednesday April 5^'^ was Enterred in the 
church yard of Orangeburgh the Body of Lewns Linder 
a native from Germany and Planter below Orange- 
burgh Townshi]) He died at the house* of the Itev' 
John Giessendauner aged about 50 years 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 207 

Register of Buryiiigs Oraiigeburgh Township 
1758 

(82) Sunday April 23:1 died after 9 days Illness and 
on Tuesday April 2511: was Enterred in tiie Cliurch 
yard of Orangeburgli the Body of Jacob Friday Junior 
of Orangeburgh aforesaid aged Thirty years 

(83) On Thursday April 27 after 9 days Illness and 
on Friday April 28 was Enterred on the plantation of 
John Friday where the deceased died the Body of 

8arah Elders wife of John Elders, Sen^ aged 

years 

(84) On Wednesday May 3:1 died in child be(i & on 
Friday May the 5t'» was interred in the Church yard 
of Orangeburgh the Body of Catharina wife of Henry 
Snell, Senior* aged years 

(85) On Friday May IDt'i died and on Saturday May 
20 was interred on the Plantation of John Shaumloftel 

in Orangeburgh Township wife of 

the said John Shauniloffel aged 

(86) On Wednesday June 28111 died Suddenly and on 
Thursday June 29tii was Entened on the plantation 
of Martin Koonen in Orangeburgh the Body of the 
said Martin Kooner Senior a native of Switzerland 
aged 

(87) On Saturday July 1511l was unfortunately 
drowned in an Indigo vat and on Sunday July 16 was 
interred on the Plantation of Henry Haym in Orange- 
burgh the Body of Barbara daughter of Adam Frolick 
deceased & Barbara his wife aged almost 13 mo- 

(88) Thursday Novr 30tf» 1758 died after a long and 
lingering disorder and on Friday Evening Dec£ 1^^ was 
enterred in Orangeburgh Church yard the Body of 



-TIh' will of Hi'iiiy Sm-ll, \\ii(» \\\v<\ "lu'iir Oranjreburfjjh Town- 
ship", is <i!it**(l 17H0, :inii is rcconlcfl in tin- ottici' of tiu' .ludjic of Pro- 
htitf, Clinik'ston Coniity, on |>ti<;»' 284 of Mic hook for that [wriod. 



208 THE HISTORY OF 

Anne wife of John Jacob Wymer of Orangeburgh aged 

about 23 years 

1758 

(89) Thursday Decl 211* died after 15 days Illness 
and on Friday Decl 22 was enterred on the plantation 
of Peter Murer in Orangeburgh. Township the Body of 
the said Peter Murer Senior a native of Switzerland 
aged almost 75 years. 

1759 

(90) On Thursday Feby 22 died after some days Ill- 
ness and on Friday Feby 23 was enterred in Church 
yard of Orangeburgh the Body of Zibilla Wolf widow 
a native of the Orisons County in Switzerland aged 73 
years 

(91) On Monday March 5H!_ died after aboat three 
weeks Illness and on Tuesday March 6Hi was enterred 
in the church yard of Orangeburgh the Body of 
Michael Larry of Orangeburgh, Blacksmith aged about 
34 years. 

(92) On Wednesday evening March 21, 1759 died 
after Eleven days Illness and on Friday March 23^] 
was enterred on the plantation of the late Melchior 
Otte late of Orangeburgh deceased the body of Bar- 
bara, widow of said Melchior Otte. aged 50 years — 

(93) On Wednesday April 11^ died after some days 
Illness and on Thursday April \2^ was interred in the 
church yard of Orangeburgh the bod}'^ of Elias Snell a 
native of Germany but residing in. So. Ca since the 
year 1735 aged almost 40 years — 

Register of Buryings Orangel)urgh Township 
1759 

(94) On Tuesday April 2411i. died and on Wednesday 
April 25th wa.s interred on the plantation whereon 
Emanuel Miller now lives the Body of Mary Daughter 
of Andrew Inabnet deceased and Mary his late wife 
Aged S years 9 mo 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 209 

(95) On Tuesday May 15 died and the day after was 
interred on the plantation of John Caspar Mintz The 
Body of John Jacob son of the said John Casper 
Mintz and Anna Barbara his wife aged 4 years 5 mo 
21 days 

(96) On Friday May 25 died & the day after was in- 
terred on the plantation of John Casper Mintz the 
Body of John George Melchior son of John Casper 
Mintz and Anna Barbara his wife aged 2 years 4| 
mo 

(97) On Monday June ISHl died of an apoplectick 
Fit and the day after was interred in the Church yard 
of Orangeburgh the Body of John Friday Sen£ a native 
of Switzerland and a settler in this Township since 
the year 1735 aged about 69 years 

(98) On Thursday June 21^ died after a lingering 
Illness and the day after was interred in the Church 
yard of Orangeburgh the Body of John Dietrick a na- 
tive of Switzerland and a settler in this Township 
since the year 1735 Aged about 73 years 

(99) On Wednesday June 27th died after three days 
sickness and on Friday June 29 was interred on the 
plantation of Nicholas Yonn in Orangeburgh the body 
of Anna Barbara daughter of the said Nicolas Yonn 
and Christina Yonn aged 15 years 6 mo- 
Register of Buryings Orangeburgh Township 

1759 

(100) On Friday July 20^^ died after nine days Ill- 
ness and the day after was interi'ed in the plantation 
of Nicholas Yonn in Orangeburgh Township the Body 
of Nicholas son of the said Nicholas & Christina Yonn 
aged almost 8 years. 

(101) On Thursday Morning August 16tii died after 
8 days Illness and the day after was interred in the 
Church yard of Orangeburgh the Body of Cap^ Jacob 



210 THE HISTORY OF 

Giessendanner He was born in Switzerland Jany 
25/1727 Therefore aged 32 years 6 ?no 3 weeks 
' (102) On Friday August 31:1^ died after a lingering 
Illness of above a Twelvemonth and the day after was 
interred on the i:)lantation of Henry Rickenbacker of 
Orangeburgh the Body of Anna, mother to the said 
Henry Rickenbacker and wife of Conrad Alder aged 
63 years 11 mo 

(103) On Saturday Sept 29^ died and the day after 
was enterred in the Church yard of Orangeburgh the 
Body of Barbara Kitchen |alias| Fund widow a native 
of Switzerland aged 

(104) On Sunday Nov^i 25 died after a few days Ill- 
ness and the day after was interred in the Church yard 
of Orange))urgh the Body of Henry Wurtzer a native 
of Switzerland and a settler in Orangeburgh since 
1735 aged 55 years & some njonths 

1760 
Register of Buryings Orangebg T. Ship 

(105) On Friday Jany 1V± 1760 died and one day 
after his return from the Cherokee Expedition and the 
day after was interred on the plantation of the Late 
"John Whetstone Sen^ deceased the Body of John 

Whetstone Jun"* son of the above aged about 

(106) On Tuesday Jany 15 died and the day after 
was enterred in the Church yard of Orangeburgh the 
Body of Elizabeth Daughter of Adam Snell and his 
wife deceased aged almost 10 years — 

(107) On Friday Feby \^:t died in Child Bed and the 
day after was interred in the Church yaid of Orange- 
burgh the Body of Magdalene, wife of Benedict Koller 
aged years 

(lOS) On Tuesday Feby 5^'' died and the day after 
w^as interred in the church yard of Orangeburgh the 
Body of John I'lrick son of Benedict Koller i\: Magda- 
lene liis wife deceased Aged 7 days 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 211 

(109) On Thursday Feby W± died & the day after 
was interred in the Church yard of Orangeburgh the 
Body Henry Horguer Sen'" a native of Switzerland 
Aged about 89 years — 

(110) On Monday Feby 25^ died & the day after was 
interred in the Church yard of Orangeburgh the Body 
of Magdalene wife of Henry Sally JunI aged 

Register of Buryings Orangeburgh T. S. 

1760 

(HI) On Tuesday Feby 26^ died of a pleuritic dis- 
order & the day after was interred in the Church yard 
of Orangeburgh the Body of George Ulrick aged about 
28 years 

(112) On Wednesday Feby 27th died & the day after 
was interred on the plantation of Casper Foust in 
Orangeburgh the Body of wife of Fred- 
erick Purly Shoemaker aged years 

(113) On Thursday March 6 died after nine days Ill- 
ness & the day after was interred on his own planta- 
tion in Orangeburgh the Body of Henry Haym, a na- 
tive of Switzerland aged about 60 years 

(114) On Friday March 711l died after a pleuritic dis- 
order of 8 days & the day after was interred on the 
plantation of Ulrick 0th the Body of Francis Kooner 
Aged 35 years 

(115) On Tuesday March 11 died after Five days Ill- 
ness, and the day after was enterred on his own plan- 
tation in Orangeburgh the Body of Kilian Gussert 
aged years 

(116) On Wednesday March 12ili died after 9 days 
Illness and the day after was interred in the planta- 
tion of John Ulrick 0th the Body of Catharine wife of 
Jacob Kooner aged years 

(117) Oil Thursday March 13ili died & the day after 
was interred in the above plantation the Body of 



2'12 THE HISTORY OF 

Johij, son of Johannes & Elizabeth Wolf aged 15 years 
3 months and 13 days, was sick 11 days 

Register of Buryings Orangeburgh Township 
1760 

(140)* On Saturday June 211^ died of the small poxf 
and the day after was interred in Church yard of 
Orangeburgh the Body of Mary Magdalene. Daughter 
of Jacob & Anna Wannenmaker, aged 2 years & 8 
months ^ 

(141) On Thursday June 26^ died of the small pox 
and the day after was interred in the Church yard of 
Orangeburgh The body of Anna, daughter of the above 
Wannenmaker and Anna his wife aged 3 months 3 
weeks 

(142) On Thursday July 29 died and the day af- 
ter was enterred in the church yard of Orangeburgh 

the Body of Regina Daughter of Jacob and A 

Wolf aged 10 months 

(143) On Friday August l«tdied — — 

was interred in the Church — 

— the Body:t 

A List of Persons Deceased and Buryed in the 

Churchyard of Orangeburgh 

1760 ' 

No** 

144 

(145) On Wednesday Oct^' 15;^ died & the day after 
was interred on the Plantation of Ulrick Brunner in 
Orangeburgh Township the Body of John, son of the 
said I hick Brunner aijd Eva Mini:) his wife nged 2 
months 11 days 

(146) On Saturday Oct«^ KStiL died & the day after 

"From No, 117 to No. 140 in recor*! lost. 

tThat tliere was any ditti'iciKv of opiiiiidi as to vvht'tlier this was 
sinall pox or "ag^fijravatrd fhicki'ii [mix", tht' record saitli not. 
tOllu-r words torn off. ■ "Tlir cntrv torn off. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 213 

was interred on the plantation of Lewis Roth in 
Orangeburgb Township the Body of Catharina Eliza- 
beth daughter of said Lewis Roth and Mar}' Barbara 
his wife aged 22 months 

(147) On Sunday OctL* 19!]L died the day after was 
interred on the plantation of Capt William Seawright 
at Beaver Creek the Body of the said William Sea- 
wright aged between 50 and 60 years 

(148) Nov 7 died and the day after - — 

was interred in the Cbui'ch Yard* 

The subsequent burial records are missing, but there 
could not have been many numbers after 148, as Rev. 
John Giessendanner died early in 17(n. 

The following is the record as to communions, kept 
by Rev. John Giessendanner after his return from 
England: 

The number of all those who have received The 
Holly Communion on Easter and Monday in the 
Church of Orangeburgb according to the Form and 
use of the Church of England.! 

On Sunday April 15 the following 
1 Michael Christopher Row 

3 John Futchman and his wife 

4 Mary Margareth Shnyder 

5 Barbara Jennings 

6 Agnes Giessendanner 

8 Wenner Ulmer, and his wife > : 

10 John Frederick &■ George Lewis Ulmer 
12 Nicholas Durr cV: His wife 
14 George Giessendanner Sen^ife wife 
16 Hans Fryding Juni; & his wife 
18 Hans George Hessey and his wife 

*Tlu' i)art of tlu' pajif coiitaininu the lialniici' (if this nconi is foiii 
offaiwl lost. 

tThe year of tliis ii-conl is not >iivcii, i«iit I7.")(l was mi<l<)iil>tf<li_v tlu' 
(late. 



214 THE HISTORY OF 

19 Verona Wurtzer 

20 Miss Catharina Diel 

22 Henry Heym, and bis wife 

23 Magdalene Hug 

24 Ann Negely widow 

25 Magdalene Imdorff 

27 Hans and Joseph Huber 

28 Hans Amacker 

29 Elizabeth Hessy widow. 

30 Ann Mary Fanst widow 

31 Miss, Ursula Giessendanner 
33 Jacob & Regina Kuhnen 

35 Hans Inabnet and his wife 

37 Caspar Nagely George Sholer 

38 Henry Ricken backer 

40 Henry Strauman and His wife 

42 John Chevillette and his wife 

43 Elizabeth Roth ^widow,— 

44 Veronica Anding 

45 Ann Barbara Snell 

46 Mary Stebely j£ 

47 Barbara Giessendanner 
49 Felix Morff and His wife 

51 Francis Kuhner, and old Jennings 

52 Jacob Stauber 

On Monday April 16^1^ the following- 
Hans Imdorff and Mary Inabnet 

Ann Barbara Ernst and Ann Bunipli 

Apollonia and Zibilla Wolf 

Miss Barbara Kiyter 

Susanna Huber 

Hans Fridig Sen'' and his wife 

Mary Stehely Sen 

On Easter 1753 Had 1(17. oiw iiinulred and ^eveii 
coninjunicants all from (ieruiany^ — Michael Larry ^ — 
pi'ovided the wine for the Sacrament for Easter 1753. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY, 



215 



Note: — George Giessendanner provided the Sacre- 
ment Wine for Whitsuntide 

Received on Whitsunda}^ June 3^ the following new- 
Con) municants after proper instruction viz 
John Nicholas Herter 



John Barr, 
John Dentzler, 
Isaac Hottow, 
Jacob Foust, 
Henry Strom an, 
Conrad Kryter, 
John Faust, 
Henrv Dentzler, 



Ann Margret Myer 
Anna.,Catharina Mell 
Anna Barbara Young 
Agnes Huber 
Christina Hossleiter 
Elizabeth Kays 
Eva Elizl^^ Hertzog 



Mary Elizabeth Stroman 
Anna Barbara wife of Henry Dentzler 
Margaret wife of Jacob Hottow 
Mary Tshudy (In all 20) 
On Easterday 1758 the following children were con- 
firmed and admitted to the Lord's Ch. 



S Anna Roller 
9 Mary Robinson 
10 Barbara Ulmer 



1 Nicolas Dill 

2 Ottinaries Dantzler 

3 Rachel Rowe 

4 Maria Inabinet 

5 Veronica Hirsch 

6 Maria Magdalena Shnell 

7 Anna Weigne 

The following is a rather unique piece of latinizing, 
by the reverend old gentleman: "174S Sept. 25. Bap- 
tizetus est born Sept. Stii- H. H. & Marie Elizabethe 
uxaris urgis Suscept: Jacob (iiessendanner. iV: Jacob 
& Louisa Horger."* 

The following bit of humor is also culled from the 
pages of the Giessendanner l)ook: 'information: Put 
a Miller, a Weaver and a Taylor in a bag and shake 



*Mt*nnt for the record of l)a])tis)ii of ii son of Hniis Ihiiry iind Mnrv 
ElizjilK'tli Fflder. 



216 THE HISTORY OF 

them and the first that Comes out will be a thief or an 
honest man." 

The Rev. John Giessendanners will is dated Mandi 
5th, 1761, and was proved July 24th, 1761,* so that he 
must have died sometime betweeu those dates. 

*See page 124, Judge of Probate's l)0()k, ("harlestoii ("ouuty, for tliat 
year. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 217 



CHAPTER III. 

THE COLONIAL PERIOD, 

Section 1. Pioneer Life in Orangehurgh.* 

The early settlers of that section of South Carolina 
that was erected into Orangeburgh District in 1768, 
had many trials and hardships to undergo, such as all 
settlers in a new and unbroken country have to con- 
tend with. The country was infested with wild 
beasts, birds, and reptiles that were a constant men- 
ace either to the settlers or their agricultural inter- 
ests; savage Indians were all about them, and fre- 
quently gave them much trouble; and, the seat of all 
government being at Charlestown, no officers of the 
law resided among them save the Rangers and a few 
justices of the peace, and from the number of adver- 
tisements that appeared in the Sontli Carolina Gazette 
from time to time, it would seem that the chief duty 
of the justices of tlie peace in those early days was the 
advertising of stray animals picked up.f There were 

*Or, Roughing it on the Edisto. 

■\Soiith Carolina Gazette, March 26, 1753: "A Stray'd bay mare 
near 14 hands higli, witii some saddle spots, branded on tiie mount- 
ing shoulder 3M in one, and on the mounting buttock AH, taken 
up by J().s( ph Wood below Oratigehargh. The owner may have her 
again, making proper application to 

''Christian Mhiiiicl;, .1. P." 

In tiic Cazctti- of April 11, to 18, 17(i8, "Lewis Uolsay" (Golsan), 
".J. I*.", advertises: ".John Staley informs of a yellow bay gelding" 
etc., and "Eliziibeth (xoisin, of :i small pyde hefTer" etc.; and on May 
i», 17(58, "Lewis Golsan, .1. I*.", advertises a stray horse picked up by 
Adam Whetstone. Again in the ihtzette of .July 4, 17()8, "Ijcwis (iol- 
san, .1. I*.", advertises "ii stray horse picked up by Jolni Amacker; two 
bull stags picked up by .laeolt Kooney", and "a stray borse picked up 



218 THE HISTORY OF 

no courts of law in that section, but criminals had to 
be carried to Charlestown for trial, and the result 
of this was that few criminals were brought to trial 
for crimes committed in that section. But, fortunate- 
ly, these people were a quiet, industrious people and 
crimes among them were few. This lack of proper 
criminal courts of trial led to what is known as "Reg- 
ulation", in the upper country of South Carolina, in 
the period just prior to the Revolution, but there is no 
evidence to show that "Regulation" played any con- 
by James Newton". 

In the Gazette of Monday, July 11, 1768, Moses Thomson, J. P., ad- 
vertised "a stray mare picked up by Moses Curtis". 

In the Gazette of Monday, August 8, 1768, several stray horses are 
advertised by "William Thomson, J. P., Amelia, July 28, 1768", as 
"picked up" b.y John Switman, Richard Switman, Ebenbard vSteven- 
tir, and Major Lloyd. 

In the Gazette of Monday, Sept. 5, 1768, "Lewis Gonsan, J. P.", 
advertised strays "picked up" by Adam Brickel, Peter Imboden, 
John Starley, and Valentine Cronich. Golsan also advertised strays 
"l^icked up" by Joseph Cook and Henry Boshard, in the Gazette of 
Oct. 10, 1768. 

In the Gazette of Thursday, January 26, 1769, Jacob Rumph adver- 
tised two hogs that he had taken up at Orangelnirgh, and John Fair- 
child advertised a stray liorse that had been "picked up" by Solomon 
Wood of the "Forks of the Edisto". 

In the Gazette of March 23, 1769, William Thomson, T. M., of 
Amelia, advertised stray horses "picked up" by Henry Whetstone 
and George Kubler. 

In the S. C. Gazette and Country Journal of June 13, 17()9, Philip 
Pearson, J. P., of Saxe-Gotha, gives notice of a number of stray ani- 
mals "picked up". 

From the South Carolina and Ameriean Getwral Gazette for Fri- 
day, May 12th, to Friday, May 19th 1775, page 2: [Charleston Li- 
terary.] 

"John Salley, senr. informs nie of a l>rif/ht txii/ Gelding, twelve 
hands high, five years old, a star on iiis forehead, branded on the 
mounting buttock S [], a trotter; also a hai/ Mar<\ near twelve hands 
high, four years old, branded on the mounting shouhler I '^^ a trotter; 
also a .strawherri/ roan Metre, near thirteen hands high, six years old, 
branded on the mounting shoulder and buttock K. R. The owners 
may jirove their property within six niontlis, at Orangeburgh, l)efore 

"Samuel Rowe." 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 219 

siderable part in Orangeburgh District; though we do 
find the following notice in the South Carolina Gazette 
of March 16th, 1769: 

"In Council, 13^'» March 1769. It having appeared 
to his Excellency, and the Board, that Benjajiiin 
Farrar, and Barnabas Arthur, Eqrs. Justices of the 
Peace for this Province, had been instrumental in for- 
menting and increasing the Disorders that prevailed 
among the People who stiled themselves REGULA- 
TORS in the Back Country: His Excellency, by the 
Advice of the Council was pleased to strike their 
Names out of the Commission of the Peace." Farrar 
and Arthur were both prominent citizens of Saxe- 
Gotha Township. While the chief seat of "Regula- 
tion" was higher up in the State, still there were some 
disturbances in Saxe-Gotha and Amelia Townships, 
hardly in Orangeburgh Township, or the section be- 
tween the North Edisto and Savannah rivers. 

The condition of the country embraced by the pres- 
ent county of Barnwell is given by Tarleton Brown in 
his "Memoirs". About the same conditions existed in 
the other parts of Orangeburgh District, so some ex- 
tracts from the "Memoirs" will be given here. After 
stating that he had moved to South Carolina from 
Virginia with his parents and settled on Brier Creek, 
opposite to Burton's Ferry, in 1769, he goes on thus: 
"Having cleared a piece of land, we planted, and 
found the soil to be exceedingly fertile in the river 
swamp, producing abundant crops. The country was 
literally infested with wild beasts, which were very 
annoying to the inhabitants — killing the stock and de- 
stroying the crops — and were so bold, daring, a,nd 
ravenous, that they would come into our yards, and 
before our doors take our sheep and poultry. Indeed, 
it was dangerous to venture out at night beyond the 
l)ieciiicts of our yards unarmed. We used every de- 



220 



THE HISTORY OF 



vice to exterminate them, and ultimately effected our 
object by setting traps and poisoned bait. 

"The forest abounded with all kinds of game, parr 
ticularly deer and turkeys — the former were almost 
as gentle as cattle. I have seen fifty together, in a 
day's ride in the woods. The latter were innumera- 
ble, and so very fat that I have often run them down 
on horseback. The range for cattle was excellent; it 
was a very common thing to see two hundred in a 
gang in the large ponds. In any month in the year 
beeves in the finest order for butchering might be ob- 
tained from the forest. It was customary then to 
have large pens or enclosures for cattle under the 
particular charge or direction of some person or per- 
sons; I was informed by one of those who kept a pen 
at King Creek, that there had been marked that 
spring seven hundred calves. Our produce for mar- 
ket was beef, pork, staves, and shingles. There was 
but little corn planted in that section then; and, in- 
deed, there was scarcely any inducement to plant 
more than sufficed for our own consumption, there 
being but few mills in the country, and consequently 
very little demand for the article. 

"From the fact of the new and unsettled state of the 
country, it may readily be inferred that the roads 
were very inferior; in truth, they were not much bet- 
ter than common bridle paths; and I feel confident in 
asserting that there were not, in the whole Barnwell 
District,* any conveyances superior to carts of com- 
mon wood slides. There were a great many wild 
horses running at large in the forest when we first 
settled in the district, a number of which were caught 
and sold by various individuals, who puisued exclu- 
sively the business for a livelihood.*" 

*It was not Barnwell District at that tinu-, hnt a part of Oranjir- 
burjih District. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 221 

The writer tells us of the cow-pens, situated in vari- 
ous parts of the district. One of these pens was situ- 
ated upon the present Middlepen creek, and was the 
middle pen of the cattle raisers for a certain territory, 
and hence the name of the stream. Another of these 
pens was owned by Capt. John Salley, the writer's great 
great grand-father, but the family tradition has always 
been that it was his own pen, as he had thousands of 
acres of land and many cattle; and Mr. Brown speaks 
of it* as "Capt. Salley's 'Cowpens'" — doubtless a col- 
lection of pens at one spot. It is said that the spot on 
Dean Swamp whereon this pen stood is still so fertile 
as to show a marked difference between the crops 
planted there and those all around. 

What Mr. Brown has said about the wild beasts in 
this section is confirmed by the traditions of many old 
people hereabouts. One old gentleman of this county 
relates that his elders have often told him of the 
troubles the early settlers had with beasts of prey. 
The settlers had to build their cow-pens and sheep 
folds and poultry houses very near their dwelling 
houses, and had to keep their firearms constantly 
loaded and primed in order to protect their stock. 
The same old gentleman tells of an old wolf trap that 
was built in the Limestone section before the Revolu- 
tion, and which was still to be seen ten or fifteen 
years ago, though there are now no traces of it left. 
It wa!5 built by digging a large, grave-shaped hole in 
the gi'ound about ten or twelve feet deep. Then the 
walls of this pit were secured by means of a snug fit- 
ting pen of notched poles built from the bottom of 
the pit to a level with the surface, so as to prevent a 
wolf from scratching his way out. A board was then 
nicely balanced lengthwise over the pit, and a piece 

■*"Mt'iii<»ir»", psifre 12. 



222 THE HISTORY OF 

of fresh meat suspended over one end of the board, so 
that if a wolf walked out on the board to try to get 
the meat he was dumped into the pit, from which he 
was unable to escape, and where he was killed by the 
hunters soon thereafter. It was usually the custom 
to drag a piece of fresh meat about through the woods 
for several miles, and finally to drag it to the wolf 
trap, so that wolves might follow the trail and be led 
into the snare. The same old gentleman remembers 
going to the trap when quite small and seeing some 
of his neighbors kill a wolf.* 

Bear were also plentiful in this section in the days 
of the pioneer, and occasionally one is to be met with 
to-day in the Edisto river swamp. Mr. Benjamin Cul- 
ler,}- grand-father of Mr. W. W. Culler of this county, 
once killed a large bear in a hand to hand encounter. 
It was near his home in the Limestone section. He 
was stooping over a spring when suddenly a little dog 
he had with him sprang, apparently much frightened, 
into the spring beside him and splashed the water all 
over him. This caused Mr. Culler to straighten up 
suddenly, and just as he did so a large bear clasped 
the little dog in his embrace. Quick as thought Mr. 
Culler grabbed old bruin by the long hair on the back 
of his head, and drawing his hunting knife, gave him 

*He was also present at the killin{>- of the last wolf killed in this sec- 
tion, which was about 1839 or 1840. It was killed by William Robin- 
son on the plantation of his father, Joseph Robinson, on Limestone. 
He shot it twice and broke both of its fore lejis, l)ut in spite of its crip- 
pled condition it managed to turn back every dofj- tiiat came within 
reach of it. A short time before that a lone wolf had made its ap- 
pearance on Great Branch, and "Jack" McMichael got a i^hot at it 
and wounded it, but did not bajr it. But as it was never seen iji that 
section afterwards, it was supposed that it died of its wounds. In 
each or these instances the wolf had played havoc with the sheep 
about it before being l)rought to earth. 

tOr Collar, as it was then si)elled. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 223 

a few swift stabs under the foreshoulder and laid him 
low. He weighed 370 or 380 pounds. 

The early settlers of Orangeburgh doubtless found 
some buftaloes roaming the forests about them, for 
there are old salt licks to be seen in this section to-day 
that are still called "buffalo licks." It is doubtful 
though if there were ever many buffaloes in this sec- 
tion of South Carolina, as the topography of the coun- 
try was not suited to them, and it is more than likely 
that deer, bear, wild horses and the small animals did 
most of the licking at the salt licks of this section, not- 
withstanding the fact that the buff'alo has received the 
credit of producing these mosquito farms of to-day. 

The beaver was also to be found in this section in 
the days of our first settlers, and, although it has been 
long over a century since he passed out of our terri- 
tory, he has left his impress* behind him. There were 
one or more Beaver creeks and Beaver dams in the 
old District of Orangeburgh. 

Mr. W. W. Culler also gives a description of a very 
unique dwelling house that was built about 1750, or 
earlier, by his great grand-father, Benedict Roller, on 
the lands that had been granted him by the govern- 
ment, and which lands are still in possession of the 
Culler family. The last wall of this house was torn 
down by Mr. Culler himself about 1835, and he remem- 
bers perfectly well how it was constructed. It was 
about 16 X 20 feet. The sides were built by putting 
up in line eight fat lightwood posts, with eight or 
nine feet clear the ground, about two feet apart. 
Each post had a groove cut in the sides facing the 
neighboring posts. These grooves ran the entire 
length of the posts. The spaces between the posts 
were tilled in by sliding into these grooves a wicker 

*Aii<i jHTliaps his imprint. 



224 THE HISTORY OF 

work of small twigs made somewhat as stick baskets 
are made. The ends of the house were built up in the 
same manner, save that a space was left for a door. 
The outside wall was then plastered over with a plas- 
ter made of red clay and the inside was quite smooth 
and nice looking when plastered with a plaster made 
of native lime. The floor was made by hewing small 
logs flat on the upper and under sides and laying 
them together as a floor is laid, and then putting on a 
finishing touch with an adz. The roof was made of 
the same material and then sodded. The door was 
made of the same sort of boards joined together by 
wrought nails which Roller himself had made by hand 
at his own forge. The hinges were made of dogwood, 
and very ingeniously arranged so that the door might 
swing on them, very much as our modern iron gates 
revolve on an iron rod. Beneath this structure was a 
cellar, which has only been filed up in the last decade. 
With such a house as that the settler could defy the 
elements, the wild beasts and the savage Indians. 

A number of notes, extracted from the Statutes of 
South Carolina, the columns of the old Gazettes, and 
other authorities, that beaf on matters and people in 
the section embraced within this work, will be repro- 
duced here, as they give some insight into the condi- 
tion of affairs in this section in colonial days, and fa- 
miliarize us with the names of many of the families 
then living here: 

The Statutes of South Carolina* show that on April 
21, 1753, the Provincial legislature appointed commis- 
sioners "To build a Bridge over the pond in the Four 
Holes Swamp, commonly called Gibbe's pond, and to 
lay out, make and keep in repair, a road from the said 
bridge, as convenient as may be, into the Orangeburgh 

*V()1. IV, page 5. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 225 

old road, from the head of the path leading from Dor- 
rhe.'^ter to Izard's Cow-pen."* The "old road" here 
spoken of was opened in 17371 by an act of the Coun- 
cil establishing "a road from the head of the path 
that leads from Dorchester to Capt. Izard's Cow pens 
to the Township of Orangeburgh." 

The follow described plantation was offered for sale 
in the South CaroJhm Gazette of June 18, 1753: "A 
Plantation at Orangeburgh, containing 250 acres, es- 
teemed the best Land in that Township, on which one 
Lary now dwells, bounding N. E. on said Lary's Land, 
S. E. on Hans Spring's and Henry Fousts; and a 
Town-Lot in the said Towuiship, No. 32.":t 

On May 11, 1754, an Act was passed "for vesting th© 
Ferry over Savanna river, at the Garrison of Fort 
Moore, in New Windsor, in John Stewart of New" 
Windsor, his executors, administrators and assigns, 
for the term therein mentioned; and for establishing 
a Ferry over Santee river, in the township of Saxe- 
■ Gotha, from the land of Martin Fridig, on the South 
side, to the opposite landing on the North side, of the 
said river, and for vesting the same in the said Martin 
Fridig. his executors, administrators and assigns, for 
the term therein mentioned."** 

*0n April 7, 1770, an Act was passed "for repealing an Aft entitled 
'An Act for appointing Conunissioners to build a Bridge over the 
Pond in the Four Hole Swamp, commonly called Gibbes' Pond, and 
to lay out and make and keep in repair a road to and from the said 
bridge, as convenient as may be, into the Orangeburgh old road, from 
the head of the said path leading from Dorchester to Izard's Cow- 
pen'; and for authorizing and empowering the Board of Commission- 
ers of the Roads for the parish of 8t. George Dorchester, to lay out 
and make and keep in repair the road mentioned in the said Act". — 
Stats, of S. C, Vol. IV, page 322. 

tThe "Old Charleston Road." jLot No. 82 on the original plan of 
Orangeburgh was a lot near tiie river. **Stats. of S. C., Vol. IV, 
l«ige lo. 



226 THE HISTORY OF 

The South Carolina Gazette of May 21st, 1754, con- 
tains a notice from William and Thomas Sabb, of 
Amelia Township; and the Gazette of May 28th, 1754, 
advertises 1700 acres of land "on Edisto opposite 
Orangeburgh Township," 

On April 13th, 1756, the Legislature passed "An Act 
for laying out, making and keeping in repair a Road 
from the bridge commonly called Minnick's bridge, to 
the 15 mile post on the road leading from Orange- 
burgh township to (Jharlestown, and for rebuilding 
the said bridge and keeping the same in repair."'* 

On the schedule of provincial expenses for the year 
1758t the following items concerned citizens of Orange- 
burgh: 

''To Henry Gall man, on several or- 
ders for provisions and carriage 
of stores, t 3292 12 09 

"To John and Henry Gallman, for 

provisions, 361 13 06 

"To William Seawright, for carriage 
of stores, £30; and on an order of 
Philip Puhl's, for provisions, £180 210 00 00 

"To Barnard Snell, on Lewis Cole- 
son's order, for horse hire, 10 00 00 

"To Isham Clayton, for driving cattle, 6 00 00 

"To John Cleissendanner, for slaves 

executed, 200 00 00 

"To Jacob Rumph," [constable, for 

fees on trial of slaves] "9 07 06 

"Elizabeth Mercier," [provisions] "26 05 00" 

On the schedule for 1760** the following items con- 
cern us: 



*Stats. of 8. C, Vol. IV, page 30. ff^tat^. of !S. C, Vol. IV, page 
(i8. jTo frontier forts. **StHts. of S. C, Vol. IV, page 137 et seq. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 227 

*'To Henry Gallman, on an order of 
John Conrade Geiger, for the car- 
riage of stores to the Congrees, 27 00 00 

"To Henry Galluian, for the carriage 

of stores to Fort Prince George, 670 00 00 

Christopher Rowe, Henry Gallman, Conrade Hol- 
man and Gavin Pou were all paid for carrying pres- 
ents to the Indians, while John Fairchild received 
compensation for entertaining Indians. 

On the schedule of expenses from January 1st, 1762, 
to December 3lst, 1763,^ the following items are of in- 
terest: 

"Moses Thomson", [ for holding an in- 
quest] "15 00 00 

"Henry Gallman", [for entertainment 

of Indians] "59 05 03 

"Conrad Hall man. ditto, 19 03 04 

"To Elias Ho user, Cherokee keeper, 57 00 00 

"William Thompson," [for conveying 

prisoners to jail] "10 00 10" 

On the schedule for 1764}- we find: 

"To Godfrey Dreyer, for sundries sup- 
plied Fort William Henry and 
other Forts, ' 295 04 10 

"Peter Bull, or Phul, for flour, for the 

Orangeburg militia, M 00 00 

"Christian Minnick, for a steer, 10 00 00 

"Jacob Wolf, for two hogs, H 00 00 

"Henry Richenbacer, for carrying on 

a hue and cry,^ 4 07 06" 

From the schedule for 1766** we cull: 

"William Thomson," [for repairs to 

Fort Prince George] "16 10 00 

*Stats. of S. C, Vol. IV, page 198 et seq. fStats. of S. ('., Vol. IV, 
page 228 et seq. JDoubtless as a warning of the approach of hostile 
Indians. **Stats. of fS. C, Vol. IV, i)age 248 et se(i. 



228 THE HISTORY OF 

"John Fairchild, for surveying 20,000 

acres of land for the Cliickesaw 

Indians, 1S4 03 04 

"To Christopher Rowe, for provisions 

for a scout, £21 17 06 

"Henry Gussendenner, for constable's 

fees, 25 00 00" 

On April 12th, 1768, the Legislature passed "An Act 
for establishing and making public a road to lead 
from Orangebnrgh to Saludy. and from thence to 
Bush and Rayburn's Creeks, and for appointing Com- 
missioners for the same; and also for establishing and 
making public a Ferry over Saludy river, and vesting 
the same in Samuel Kelly and John Millhouse, their 
Executors, Administrators and Assignees, for the 
term therein mentioned".* 

From the (jazeiie of May 9, 176S, we extract: "The 
Grand Jurors of the body of the province of South 
Carolina presents" * * * * "^^^ .^ grievance 
that Thomas Bond, a J. P. of Amelia Township, is a 
person unworthy of that dignity; on information of 
Moses Kirkland. When these presentments were ta- 
ken into consideration process was issued requiring 
Bond to come in, plead to, and answer the present- 
ment." The same paper, mentioning the prisoners at 
the Charles-Town Court, remarks: "Thomas Owen, 
Jun. convicted of willfully burning the house of An- 
thony Distoe, pleaded his Majesty's pardon." Distoe. 
or Duesto, was of Orangeburgh District.f 

The Gazette of Monday, Jnly 11th, 1768, contains 
this notice: 

"I do hereby forwarn all persons not to credit my 

*St.ats. of S. C. Vol. IV, jKi^e ;W2. S. <'. (r'fizcffr, A\w\\ 11, to IH, 
17()S. tSee O'Neall's Bench and Bar, Vol. 11, pixgi^ 343. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 229 

Wife,* or any other person, on 1113' account, without a 
written order from under my hand. 

'•Christopher Wise. 
"St. Matthew's Parish, July 2d, 1768." 

The Gazette oi July ISth, 1768. contains the follow- 
ing advertisement: ''A Plantation or Tract of Land, 
containing 187 acres, situate in Amelia Township" 
* * * "late the property of Robert Stewart, 
and sold under execution by 

''ROGER PINCKNEY, Provost-Marshal." 

On April 7th. 1770, an Act was passed by the Legis- 
lature,! for establishing a road "from Orangeburgh 
Bridge to Indian Head.:|: 

On the same day an Act was passed "for stamping 
and issuing the sum of Seventy Thousand Pounds, for 
defraying the ex pence of building the several Court 
Houses and Goals appointed to be built in the several 
Districts in this Province", under the Act of 1768, cre- 
ating the seven Districts, or Precincts. The late Judge 
T. W. Glover stated, in some notes prepared by him, 
that the Orangeburgh District jail was built in the vil- 
lage of Orangeburgh in 1772; and Dr. Joseph Johnson, 
in his "Traditions of the Revolution", says that Col. 
William Thomson was the first Sheriff of the District, 
and that he assumed the duties of the office in June 
1772. 

The following notice is taken from the South Caro- 
lina Gazette of January 23rd, 1775: 
"South Carolina. 
"November Assizes, 1774. 
''Wherean at a Court of General Sessions of the 



*N<)t very couiplinieiitar.v to liis witV'. t^^tJit*^- <»f' J^- <•- Vol. T\', 
pnjje 81K. jThe Ninety-Six R<>a<l. 



230 THE HISTORY OF 

Peace, Oyer and Terminer, Assize, and General Goal- 
Delivery, begun and holden at Orangeburgh, for the 
District of Orangeburgh, on Saturday the S^ii Day of 
November, 1774, 

Charles Heatley, 

George Hales, 

James Baldrick 

Thomas Newman, and 

Daniel Kelly, 
Being duly summoned, and returned, to serve as 
Grand Jurors; and John. Newman, Melchior Smith, 
Gersham Kelly, Peter Corbin, Sadrick Parler, George 
Robinson, and Richard Barklow, As Petit Jurors, 
made Default, and were noted for Non Appearance: 
This is to give notice. 

That the former will be fined in the Sum of Ten 
Pounds and the latter in the Sum of Five Pounds 
Proclamation-Money of America, each, unless they 
shall make good and sufficient Excuses, upon Oath, for 
ther Non Appearance, by the third Tuesday in May 
next. 

^'James Caldwell,* D. C. C. & P." 

The following similar notice also appeared in the 
Gazette during February 1775: 

''South Carolina, 

"Orangeburgh District. 

"Whereas at a Court of Common Pleas, begun and 
holden at Orangeburgh, on Tuesday the 8*^ Day of 
November 1774, William Tucker, W^i Heatley, Sen., 
George Hales, Henry Young, and George Freeman. 
Sen., Being duly summoned and returned to serve as 
Jurors at the said Court, made Default, and were no- 
ted for Non-Appearance. 

*Janie8 Caldwell was, it seems, at that time acting as District ("leil< 
for both Orangeburgh and Ninety-Six Districts. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. ^1 

"This is to give notice. 
''That they will be fined in the Sum of Five Pounds, 
Proclamation-money of America each, unless they 
shall make good and sufficient Excuses upon Oath, for 
their Non-Appearance. and transmit the same to the 
Pleas-Office, in Charles Town, on or before the First 
Tuesday in April next. 

"Peter Bonnetheau* C. C. & P." 

From the Gazette of April Srd, 1775, the following 
notice is taken : 
"South Carolina. 
*'In the Court of Common Pleas. 

"February Term 
"Their Honours the Judges, Chose their Circuits, which 
are as follows; viz. April Assizes, Southern Circuit: 
T , • ( Honorable the Chief Justice 
Justices ^ Mr. Justice Cossett. 

Orangeburgh District, at Orangeburgh, Wednesday 
April 5th. Clerk ■ Peter Bonnetheau. 

Section 2. Indian Troubles. 

In the Soidh Carolina Gazette oi April 14th, 1748, Gov- 
ernor Glen published a proclamation announcing that 
"George Haig, Justice of the Peace," had been carried 
offf by "French Indians from the Congarees or new 
township of Saxa-Gotha";:}: and in consequence there- 

*Peter B(Hiiietheau was Clerk of the Court of Coniinon Pleas at 
Charlestown and civil processes for all the districts were returned at 
Charlestown. 

fThey captured Haig and his servant, but the servant escaped. 

Jin the South Carolina Gazette of January 8, 1754, Mrs. Elizabeth 
Mercier advertised as "Executor of George Haig", and stated that she 
was "late" his wife. In the Gazette of July 2, 1758, Patrick Brown 
and Thomas Corker, "who survived George Haig", advertised for 
James Cirill. 



232 THE HISTORY OF 

of he recommended that Co'uncil pi'ovide for two small 
troops of horse and for l)uilding a fort "at the Con- 
garees." From this it would seem that the fort es- 
tablished at the Congarees in 171S had long since been 
abandoned. It is quite likely that after the fears of 
Yemassee incursions had blown over that the fort was 
abandoned, and that Captain Russell and his men 
were employed as rangers, for in the "Contingency'" 
account for 1734* the following item appears: "To 
the Rangers under Captain Russell, four hundred and 
five pounds seventeen shillings. 405 17 00;' Captain 
Russell di<ed in 1737, and by his death his rangers were 
probably broken up. At any rate it appears that a. 
fort called St. John's was built near the site of the 
old fort at the Congarees, and that troops were organ- 
ized in this sectl'O^n in accordance with Governor 
Glen'^ suggestion, ahd that in the rourse of ten years 
there were several regiments instead of two troops. 
Col. Moses Thomson was, about 1750, commander of 
the "Township battalion'', that is, the provincial forces 
of the region southwest of the Santee, and outside of 
the old parishes. William Thomson was a captain of 
Rangers,! 175 1759. For his services in the Chero- 
kee war, 1759, he was promoted major, and the Assem- 
bly, in the Act of July 31st, 1760, voted him £275. He 
is spoken of by HewatJ as "Major Thomson,"** and the 
South Carolina Gazette of September 27th, 1760, says: 
"Our 7 companies of Rangers are to be completed to full 
numbers and W"'- Thomson, Esq., being appointed Ma- 
jor Commandant of the whole, they will soon be equal 
to a Regiment of Light Horse." He afterwards com- 
manded the "Township battalion", and was made col- 

*Statutes ofS. C, Vol. Ill, page 391. fFroutier mounted police. 
tCarroll's Hi.stori«-al Collections of South Carolina, Vol. T, page 4(i.5. 
**Also Statutes of S. ('., Vol. IV, page VIl. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 



on el in 1765.* Tacitus Gaillard was also a colonel,! but 
his commission was revoked by the Governor in 1769. 
Peter Mercier, whose will was made in 1754, and 
proved in 1755. declares himself therein:|: to have been 
'"Lieutenant in one of the three Independent compa- 
nies." John Chevillette, the same who had been an 
officer under Prince Frederick of Prussia, commanded 
a battalion of provincial malitia,** and Wm. Gilmore 
Simms says, in *'The Forayers," p. 264, that Christo- 
pher Rowe was commissioned captain, ff in 1755, in 
■'Colonel John Chevillette's regiment of foot", and 
that his commission was then (1855) extant.:|::|: Captain 
Christian Minnick is mentioned in the South Carolina 
Gazette of March 23rd, 1752; John Lloyd is called Cap- 
tain by Giessendanner and Major in the Gazette of 
August Sth, 1768, and James Tilly, Jacob Giessendan- 
ner and Christopher Rowe are all spoken of as captains 
by Giessendanner. 

■ These malitia ofRcers and rangers were kept quite 
busy from about the time of the carrying off of Haig, 
until the close of the Cherokee war in 1761, for, says 
Logan, § "from 1749, to the close of Col. Grant's cam- 
paign, in 1761, embracing a period of more than ten 
years, there was not a settlement in this portion of 
the province that was not exposed to the inroads of 
hostile savages, and at their hands became the not 
unfrequent scene of bloody tragedies and domestic 
ruin." 

About 1750, Herman Gieger, who has already been 
mentioned as one of the first settlers of Saxe-Gotha 



*S.' C. Oazette and Country Journal, July 12, 1774; -S'. C. Gazette, 
Jan. 28, 1775; S. C. O. cfe C. J., Jan. 17, 1775; Moultrie's Momoirs, 
Vol. I, page 17. "[S. C. Gazette Feb. 23, 1769. jSee book for that 
year, page 290, office of Probate Judge, Charleston. **Stats. of S. 
C., Vol. IV, pages 118 and 127. ft^ee also Statutes of S. C, Vol. IV, 
page 299. Ulu Sininis's possession. ^History of the Upper Country 
of South Carolina. 



234 THE HISTORY OF 

Township, was living at the Congarees and carrying 
on trade with the Indians. 

*'0n one occasion." saj's Logan, p. 302. ''he had been 
emplo3'ed, it seems, b}' tlie provincial authorities in 
Charleston, to go. in company with a member of the 
Board of Indian Trade, to the Cheiokee Xation. in 
search of the precious metals, which were supposed to 
exist in inexhaustible abundance in that mountainous 
region. Having set out, and reached in safety one of 
the middle towns, they there discovered several of 
their friendlj^ settlement Indians in the hands of a par- 
ty of hostile Canadian savages, who had captured 
them near Charleston, and were carrying them pris- 
oners to their towns in the north." 

Gieger's pity was aroused, and. at the head of a 
body of traders, he succeeded in rescuing the friendly 
Indians, but this act of kindness afterwards cost him 
his life. 

The following summer, having set out for the Ca- 
tawba Nation, in company with a half-breed, they 
were intercepted and captured by several of the very 
part}" of Canada Indians from whom Geiger had res- 
cued the friendly Indians a year before, by whom he 
was carried toward the Great Lakes, and finally mur- 
dered.* 

On the 7th day of May, 1751, Mrs. Maiy Gould, or 
Cloud, appeared at the house of Martin Friday, at the 
Congarees. severely wounded, and i-eported to Capt. 
Daniel Sellider. of the Saxe-Gotha company, that on 
Saturday, the fourth, two Savannah Indians had come 
to her house, situated about half way between the 
Congarees and Savannah Town. and. after partaking 
of her husband's hospitality, had suddenly arisen in 

*In the iS'o?/^/? Carolina Gazette of 3 une 18th, 1753, John and Henry 
Gallnian advertised for the crtditors of "Herman Geijrer, of Saxe- 
Gotha, deceased". 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 235 

the dead of night and murdered her husband, and her 
two children, and a young white man who was living 
with them, and had dangerously wounded her and 
left her for dead. It is also recorded that Mrs. Gould 
died of her wounds soon after. 

About the same time Stephen Crell, of Saxe-Gotha, 
infornjed Governor Glen that a gang of Indians had 
been killing "horses, mares, and cattle" at the Con- 
garees, and in the more northern settlements, after 
which they went to the house of John Gieger, and 
carried off his negro boy. Two women, who were the 
only members of the family at home at the time, 
tried to save the boy, but were threatened with death 
by the savages. 

In 1754 the Cherokees of the up-country committed 
several murders, and sacked several stores; whereupon 
the frontier settlers hastily assembled, and fortified 
themselves at Ninety-Six, the Congarees and other 
convenient points. But it was not until 1759 that 
the Cherokees made any serious outbreak. 

Shortly after the breaking out of Cherokee hostili- 
ties in 1759, Dr. Hewat says:* "The Governor! set out 
for Congarees, the place of general rendezvous for the 
militia, and about one hundred and forty miles dis- 
tant from Charlestown, where he mustered in all 
about one thousand four hundred men." From the 
Congarees Governor Lyttleton marched his little army 
against the Cherokees in the Northwestern part of 
the province, but before shedding much blood he suc- 
ceeded in arranging terms of peace with them. 

The rejoicings on account of the peace were scarce- 
ly over when the news arrived of a fresh outbreak of 
hostilities. General Amherst, the British Command- 



*History of i^outh Carolina, pages 445 and 440 of Carroll's Collec- 
tions, Vol. I. fLyttleton. 



236 THE HISTORY OF 

er-in-Chief in America, was then appealed to, and he 
sent a battalion of Highlanders, and four companies 
of the Royal Scots, under command of Colonel Mont- 
gomery, afterwards Earl of Eglinton, to South Caroli- 
na, where he landed in April, 1760; but as the con- 
quest of Canada was the grand object of the year's 
campaign in America, he had orders to strike a sud- 
den blow for the relief of Carolina, and return to 
head-quarters at Albany without loss of time. Hewat 
says, p. 455: "Several gentlemen of fortune, excited 
by a laudable zeal for the safety of their country, 
formed themselves into a company of volunteers, and 
joined the army. The whole force of the pi'ovince 
was collected, and ordered to rendezvous at Congarees". 

"A few weeks after his arrival Colonel Montgomery 
marched to the Congarees, where he was joined by 
the internal strength of the province, and immediate- 
ly set out for the Cherokee country.*' In this expedi- 
tion the Indians were defeated, but not quelled, and 
so soon as Colonel Montgomery retired from their 
country they immediately resumed hostilities. They 
captured and killed most of the garrison at Fort Lou- 
don, and had designs on Fort Prince George. 'Tn con- 
sequence of which", says Hewat, p. 465, "orders were 
given to Major Thompson, who commanded the mili- 
tia on the frontier, to throw in provisions for ten 
weeks into that fort, and warn the commanding offi- 
cer of his danger.'" 

The British authorities next sent Col. Grant to the 
aid of South Carolina, and he, with the assistance of 
the provincial malitia under Colonel Arthur Middle- 
ton, succeeded in tinally defeating and overthrowing 
the Indians; but the chief glory in this last expedi- 
tion belonged to the provincial malitia. and it is great- 
ly to be regretted that the names of the militia men 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 237 

from the townships of Amelia, Saxe-Gotha and 
Orangeburgh cannot be here given. Some of them 
are known, but the majority are not. 

The people of Orangeburgh Township liad, at least, 
some of the scare of the Indian warfare of this period, 
for from the Giessendanner record we learn that sev- 
eral forts* existed in the Township, and from the 
w^ording of the record we are led to believe that the 
inhabitants assembled in these forts with their families 
in times of Indian troubles. 

On the Schedule! of the expenses of the Indian war- 
fare the following items concern us: William Thom- 
son, a cart; Conrad Holman. corn and straw; ''To the 
following persons, for Colonel John Chevillette's bat- 
talion"', &c; Michael Snyder, flour; Elizabeth Mercier, 
English peas, and corn; Michael Lightner, hire of a 
mare; Rev. Mr. John Giessendanner, for hire of a 
horse 7 days; Christopher Minnick, for cattle; Henry 
"•Rinchenbackor," flour, peas and hogs; "Nicholas 
Shooler", for a steer; Godfrey Dreyer, flour; "Conrad 
Holman, for entertaining the Governor and several 
others, ... 55 00 00;" Michael Christopher Rowe, 
30 13 00; Moses Thomson, for a steer; Jacob 
Runjph, cart hire; Christopher Rowe, for cattle; Jacob 
Fridig; David Fridig; and Henry Whetstone, wagon 
hire; "To pay the battalion of Colonel John Chevil- 
lette, (as the muster roll of the said battalion was set- 
tled by a committee of the Assembly,) 13,109 12 08"; 
"To Major William Thompson, a gratuity for his ser- 
vices, 275 00 00". Other Orangeburgh names are 
on the statement, as having furnished provisions, 
hired wagons, pastured cattle and rendered various 
other services for which they received pay from the 
public treasurer. 

* "Block houses", no <loul)t. t^tats. of S. C, Vol. IV, July 31, 1760. 



238 THE HISTORY OF 



Section 3. Heresy in the ''Dnfc/i Fork". 

In the section devoted to the settling of Saxe-Gotha 
Township some mention has been made of the Weber, 
or Weaver, "heresy." The following interesting ac- 
count of that trouble, wlych culminated in 1760, is ta- 
ken from Dr. Bernheim's history, p. 195 et seq.: 

"In Saxe-Gotha Township, Lexington County, South 
Carolina, and 'in the neighborhood of what is now 
called Younginers Ferry', there originated a sect 
among the Swiss and German settlers, who were 
called Weberites. Their heresy was of so revolting a 
nature, that it would be desirable to pass it by in 
silence, if it could be done without doing injustice to 
a faithful and correct narration of historical facts. 

"Rev. Dr. Hazelius give us a brief sketch of the do- 
ings of these Weberites in his American Lutheran 
Church, p. 103; and the Rev. Dr. Muhlenberg has also 
furnished us a more extended account of them in his 
journal, translated and published in vol. i of the 
Evangelical Review, dating their transactions as hav- 
ing occurred in the year 1760; nevertheless, the origin 
of this sect must have taken place some time before, 
as that is the date of the culmination of their heresj^ 
into the crime, which brought their leader to suffer 
the just penalty of the law. 

"Dr. Muhlenberg's account is as follows: 'Mr. Stro- 
bel, the son-in-law of Rev. Mr. Martin, a wealthy tan- 
ner, sent for me in a chaise, to convey me out of town 
to dine with him. He told me, among other things, a 
remarkable history of an abominable sect, which had 
arisen among the Germans in South Carolina, A. D. 
1760-1, and had some similarity with Knipperdolling 
and Jan Van Leiden. They committed murders, on 
wdiich account one of them, named Jacob Weber, who 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 239 

called himself a god, and slew a person, was hanged. 
Their founder is said to have been Peter Schmidt. 
The sect originated at Saluda Fork, about one hun- 
dred miles from Charleston (125 or 130 miles). 

'• 'Jacob Weber was a Swiss. He first became an 
exhorter, then he advanced himself still farther, but 
before his end he came to his senses, and saw his error. 

'"The people in the country, in general, grew up 
without schools and instruction. Occasionally a self- 
taught (auto-didacter) minister may labor for awhile 
amongst them, yet it continues only a short time. 
The people are wild, and continue to grow wilder, for 
what does it profit them to hear a sermon every four, 
six, or twelve weeks, if in early youth the foundation 
of Divine Truth had not been laid? The aforesaid 
sect had so far obtained the supremacy that several 
families united wdth it for fear of their lives; numbers 
of both sexes went about uncovered and naked, and 
practiced the most abominable wantonness. One of 
them pretended to be God the Father, another the 
Son, and a third the Holy Spirit; and the pretended 
Father, having quarrelled with the Son, repudiated 
the pretended Son, chained him in the forest, declared 
him to be Satan, and finally gathered his gang, who 
beat and trampled on the poor man until he died; he 
is reported also to have killed the pretended Holy 
Ghost in bed. A report of these circumstances having 
reached the authorities in Charleston, the malitia 
were ordered to arrest the pretended deity, when he 
was tried, condemned, and executed upon the gallows. 

"'The English inhabitants scoffed about it, and said 
the Germans had nothing to fear, their Devil having 
been killed, and their God having been hanged. Such 
are the fruits of not inculcating the doctrine of Divine 
Truth early in youth, and of leaving man to himself. 
Rom. 1: 21-32. This sect spread from South to North 



240 THE HISTORY OF 

Carolina, thence to Maryland and Virginia, among the 
German and English population, and has likewise left 
some seed of this heres}^ in Charleston. Upon this 
gross Satanic tragedy a more subtle temptation fol- 
lowed. Quakers, Anabaptists, &c., spread themselves 
in the country regions around, and appear to be better 
suited to the circumstances of the land at this time. 

" 'October 9th. To-day I received the original copy 
of a letter dictated by Jacob Weber in prison before 
his death, for the benefit of his children, which reads 
as follows: 

"'"JffC'o/> Weher's Confession. 

"'"April 16th, 1761, being imprisoned and ironed, it 
occurred to me and the jailor to transmit to my be- 
loved children a sketch of my mournful life. I, Jacob 
Weber, was born in Switzerland, in Canton Zurich, in 
the county of Knomauer, in the parish of Stiffer- 
schweil, and was raised and educated in the Reformed 
Church. In the fourteenth year of my age I journeyed 
with my brother to South Carolina, leaving my pa- 
rents; and soon after my arrival I lost my brother by 
death. Thus I was forsaken of man, and without 
father or mother. But God had compassion on me 
amid much trouble and sorrow. He planted the fear 
of the Lord in my heart, so that I had more pleasure 
in the Lord, in godliness, and the Word of God, than 
in the world. I was often troubled about ray salva- 
tion when I reflected how strict an account God would 
require, that I must enter into judgment, and know 
not how it would result. Although God drew me 
with his grace, 1 found also the reverse in my corrupt 
nature, which was excited with the love of the world. 
viz., of riches, honors, and an easy life. 

"'"Mankind love a social life, and as the Lord drew 
me back in many wonderful ways, I came, therefore. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 241 

nearer to him; notwithstanding I always attended to 
my religious services and prayer, but with a heart cold 
and averted from God. Through such exercises of 
the heart T arrived at a knowledge of my sins, and 
learned how awfully the human race had fallen from 
God, and how low all maiikiiid. without exception, are 
sunken in depravity. As soon as T experienced this, I 
earnestly besought God day and night for forgiveness, 
for the Holy Spirit, for a pure heart, and for saving 
faith, and I felt the necessity of retirement to restrain 
my thoughts, and to prevent the Divine work from 
being hindered in me. In this retirement I forgot the 
turmoil of the world. In this light I regarded all vain 
desires and thoughts and all human works as by na- 
ture damnable in the sight of God. Fear and sorrow 
now seized upon ray poor soul, and I thought, what 
shall I do to be saved? It was shown me that noth- 
ing would suffice but being born again of water and of 
the Spirit. Realizing that I could not be saved in any 
other way, I prayed still more earnestly, and it was 
shown me still more plainly by the Holy Ghost in my 
heart how sinful I was (Rom. 7), so that I stood there 
before the judgment of God; but the judgment of God 
became manifest in me, so that I judged myself, and 
confessed that I deserved a thousand-fold to be cast 
from the presence of God. and wondered that the for- 
bearance of the Lord had not long since hurled me, 
poor and condemned wretch, into the lowest pit of 
destruction; and then too, I saw the whole world lay 
in sin. Feeling myself so lost, I cast myself entirely 
upon the mercy of God to lead me according to his 
holy will and pleasure, whether unto life or death, if 
he would only be gracious unto my poor soul for 
Christ's sake, and pardon my sin. and purify my heart 
from all uncleanness. Thus I lay at the feet of Jesus 
with all my heart in submission, sighing and praying 



242 THE HISTORY OF 

night aud day for his grace, and so continued for sev- 
eral days, until I had passed from death unto life. 
Then Jesus revealed himself unto my soul. Then 
there was great joy in heaven over me, a returning 
sinner. Then all my sins were forgiven me, and I was 
full of the Holy Ghost, and rejoiced with a joy un- 
speakably great. This occurred, or 1 experienced this 
joy, A. D. 1756, in the month of May. This grace 
caused me to despise the joy of the world, and to dis- 
regard its reproach, and kept me, thenceforth, continu- 
ally with my surety, Jesus, amid many temptations 
not now to be mentioned, until tinally I found rest for 
my soul. This peace and communion with God I pos- 
sessed about two years, under every burden of afflic- 
tion, for I had the grace to enable me, under all cir- 
cumstances, to submit my will to the mercy of God. 
Through the grace which was in me 1 could govern 
temporal goods without danger to my soul. Upon 
this followed the great misery and awful fall into sin, 
already, alas! too well known. The devil bringing 
me into a greater temptation and fall than was ever 
known, of which Peter Schmidt was the origin and in- 
strument. After this, by the providence of God, I was 
captured and cast into prison, that I might recover 
my reason, come to a knowledge of my great sins, and 
confess them before God, that thus it might awaken 
great wretchedness in my soul, humble me before God 
and man, yea, beneath all creatures, yea, that 1 might 
account myself as the poorest worm. I often thought 
each and every persoi] too good to speak to me, and 
interest himself in me. Nevertheless 1 sought cordial- 
ly the forgiveness of my sins in the blood of the Lamb 
of God, my Redeemer, who loved me and died for all 
my sins, and for his righteousness' sake arose, all 
which I heartily believe, because I experience again 
the witness of the Holy Spirit, which testifies unto 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 243 

my spirit that I am a child of God. And now, my 
children, beloved in the Lord, T must leave this world, 
and, perhaps, behold your face no more in this life. I 
commend yon. therefore, to the protection and mercy 
of God! Pray without ceasing, learn and read; injure 
no one vs^illingly and wilfully while you live; labor in- 
dustriously and faithfully according to your ability; 
then, if vs-e should meet no more in this world, we 
may hope to meet each other in heaven, in the world 
to come; which may the triune God, Father, Son, and 
Holy Ghost, grant to you for the sake of the crucified 
Jesus, Amen. Such cunning and celerity does Satan 
possess as to cause so great a schism and injury even 
among the children of God, and to lead them astray, 
and make them fall so suddenly against their knowl- 
edge and consent. May God preserve all persons from 
so great a fall, and trample Satan under foot, for 
Christ's sake, Amen. The grace of our Lord Jesus 
Christ be with you and all persons. Amen. And I 
beseech all persons who have been injured by me to 
forgive me, for Christ's sake. 
*'* "Written or dictated by 

'""Jacob Waeber. 

'""April 16tli, 17(j]."' 

"Dr. Hazelius' account of this tragic affair is as fol- 
lows: 

"'It was about this time that a number of our (Ger- 
man) people, living on the banks of the Saluda River, 
in South Carolina, being destitute of ministerial in- 
struction, agreed to assemble from time to time for 
singing, prayer, the reading of the Scriptures, and mu- 
tual edification. This was as it should be, but the 
enemy soon sowed tares among the wheat, by intro- 
ducing spii'itual pride among the small fiock. One 
man, by the name of Weaver, personated Christ, an- 
other the Holy Spirit, a certain woman, the wife of 



244 THE HISTORY OF 

Weaver, the Virgin Mary, and one poor fellow was 
doomed to represent Satan. The curiosity of the peo- 
ple became highly excited by the strange proceedings 
on Saluda River, in the neighborhood of what is now 
called Younginer's Ferry. Excess followed excess, 
until at length Weaver, representing either Christ or 
God, ordered, in virtue of his dignity, that Satan should 
be chained in a subterranean hole, and finally that he 
should be destroyed. For this purpose they met, 
placed the unfortunate man in a bed, covered him 
with pillows, on which some seated themselves, while 
others stamped with their feet on the bed until the 
life of the man had become extinct. The corpse was 
then taken out of bed, and thrown into a burning pile 
of wood, to be consumed to ashes. The perpetrators 
of this crime were taken to Charleston and tried. 
Weaver was found guilty, and suffered the penalty of 
the law on the gallows. His wife was pardoned.' 

"The Rev. Christian Theus furnished Dr. Muhlen- 
berg with a more detailed description of this sect of 
Weberites, as he was well acquainted with their do- 
ings, having lived about twenty-five miles fiom the 
place where the murder occurred. At a certain time 
he came unexpectedly into their meeting, and found 
Jacob Weber contending that he was God, and the 
said Peter Schmidt insisting that he himself was 
Christ, and that the unconverted members must be 
healed through his stripes. 

"Pastor Theus opposing such blasphemy, the leaders 
became enraged, and threatened his life, and coun- 
selled with their rabble whether to drown or hang 
him. He escaped, however, fronj their hands, fied to 
the river, and fortunately found a negro with his ca- 
noe at the shore, sprang into it, was conveyed across, 
and thus saved his life. 

"All traces of this abominable heresy have long since 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 245 

been obliterated: neither are tliere even any descend- 
ants of Jacob Weber and Peter Schmidt to be found 
in the Sahida Fork. To what region of country thej' 
emigrated, or what was their subsequent history, is 
not known. The object of history in preserving the 
record of such deeds is that it might serve as a w^arn- 
ing to all not to depart from the truth as revealed in 
God's word, even in their religion."' * * * * « 
"That Weber was sincere, his confession, which he made 
with eternity in view, fully proves; notwithstanding 
his sincerity, so great was his deception in spiritual 
things, that he became guilty of the most horrid blas- 
phemy and the greatest crime known to the law." 

"In this locality, v^here the Weberites had their ori- 
gin, and about that period of time, A. D. 1758, accord- 
ing to the import of Weber's confession, the Gospel 
was but seldom preached, and the effects of such neg- 
lect soon manifested themselves: the people generally 
gave a loose rein to their passions, rioted in their 
wantonness, and actually believed that in doing so 
they w^ere rendering service to God." 

These were the people who contributed much to- 
ward bringing about the ''Regulation" troubles, and 
here is where the largest number of German Tories 
was to be found during the Revolution, and on that 
account the whole German population of South Caro- 
lina has been charged with being of Tory inclination. 
But let it be remembered that the little angle between 
the Saluda and Broad rivers — partly in Orangeburgh 
District and partly in Ninety-Six District — constitu- 
ted a very small part of South Carolina, and the Ger- 
mans there settled constituted a very snjall portion of 
the South Carolina (Jei-mans, and they were not all 
of them Tories either. 



246 THE HISTORY OF 

Section 4. The Ciric Officers of the Period. 

Up to 1768, when the Pioviiice of South Carolina 
was divided into districts, the townships of Amelia, 
Orangeburgh and Saxe-dotha formed parts of Berkeley 
County, as already stated, and the only civic officers 
in those townships were the Justices of the Peace, 
and the Inquirers and Collectors of taxes. After the 
formation of St. Matthew's Parish in 1765, representa- 
tion was allowed that Parish in the Commons House 
of Assembly of the Province; and after the formation 
of Orangeburgh District in 1768. a Sheriff, a Jailer and 
a District Clerk of Court were added to the list of 
office holders. The following is a very incomplete 
list, made up from various sources, of the civic officers 
of the period: 

Justices of the Peace.* 

1734. 

Charles Russell. f 

1737. 

George Haig.:J: 

Christian Motte.§ 

1747. 
John Chevillette.1l 

1752. 
Moses Thomson 



*The ottice of justice of the peace was a far more important position 
in Colonial days than it lias ever been since. t^S'. C. Gazeftc, .Iiine 7, 
1734. J.S'. a Gazeftc, July 2—9, 1787. He was also at that time a Dep- 
uty Surveyor General, as will appear by the grants of John Hearn, p. 

25, Henry Salley, p. 28, and the grant made April 13, 1739, to Mrs. 
Mary Russell, in trust for her children.— p. 23. ^*S'. C. Gazette, March 

26, 1737. lAs appears by an old original document. °Snuth Caroli- 
na Gazette, 1752. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 247 

Christian Minnick.* 
1753, 
Moses Thomson, I 
Christian Minnick.;]: 
1754. 
Moses Thomson.§ 
1756. 
Jacob Motte. Moses Thomson, 

Tacitus Gailliard, John Chevillette, 

Christian Minnick. 

1762. 
Jacob Motte. Tacitns CTaillard, 

Moses Thomson, ^ John Chevillette, 

James Mayson. 
1765.11 
Moses Thomson, Christian Minnick, 

John Chevillette, Gavin Pou, 

Lew^is Golson. 

1768. 
Thomas Bond,l[ 
Lewis Golson,"^ 
Moses Thomson** 
William Thomson. |f 

*South Carolina Gazette^ 1752. -fS'otifh Carolina Gazette, Aufj. 6, 
1753. XSouth Carolina Gazette, March 26, 1753. hSouth Carolina 
Gazette, March 19, 1754. || "In and for Amelia and Orangel)iirgh 
Townships." — From X\\e South Carolina Almanac, 1705. Jolin Govaii 
is mentioned in the same authority as one of the justices of the peace 
for Granville County. He had probably removed to Granville Coun- 
ty, for in the Gazette of July 18, 1768, (No. 1711— Supplement) under 
the caption "Provost-Marshal's Sale", appears the following notice: 
"On Thursday 25tli of August next, will be sold, at public vendue, at 
the usual place in Charles-Town, All that valuable plantation or 
tract of 520 acres of land", &c., "whereon John Govan, Esq., deceased, 
lately lived, situate in Prince Williams parish, Granville-county", &c. 
^S'. a Gazette, May 9, 1768. °S'. C. Gazette, April 18, May 9, July 4, 
Sept. 5, Oct. 10, 1768. **.S. C. Gazette, July 11, 1768. tt-'^'- C Gazette, 
August S, 1768. 



248 THE HISTORY OF 

-1768-9. 
Benjamin Farrar,* 
Barnabas Arthur.* 
Philip Pearson, (Saxe-Gotha.)t 
Tacitus Gaillard.:|: 

1769-70.§ 
Moses Thomson, John Chevillette, 

William Hopton, Gavin Po«, 

Lewis Golson, Christopher Rowe, 

William Thomson, William Arthur, 

George Strother. 

177(>-71.1i 

Moses Thomson, , Lewis Golson, 

William Thomson, Gavin Pou, 

Christopher Rowe, William Hopton, 

John Chevillette, George Strother, 

William Arthur. 

1775° 

Gavin Pou, Christopher Rowe, 

Benjamin Farrar, John Savage, 

John Fairchild, James Thomson, 

Henry Felcler, Donald Bruce. 

Justices of the Quorum.** 
1775. 
Gavin Pou, Christopher Rowe, 

Thomas Green, Benjamin Farrar, 

Moses Kirkland, John Savage, 

*See page 219. -fS'. C. Gazette and Country Joaniat, June 13, 1769. 
JThe South Carolina Gazette of Febriuiry 28rd, 1769, announced that 
the day before the Governor had ordered Tacitus Gaillard's name 
"struck out of the Commission of the Peace; and at the same time, 
the said Tacitus Gaillard, as Colonel". ^.For the townships of Ame- 
lia, Orangeburgh and Saxe-Gotha in Berkeley County. — The SoutU 
Carolina Gazette, Oct. 18, 1769. ^South Carolina Gazette, Oct. 18, 
1770. °«S'. C. Gazette, Jan. 7, 1775. **For Orangeburgh District. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 249 

David Pou, John Fairchild, 

Henry Patrick, Thomas Young, 

Joseph Kirkland, Samuel Rowe,* 

William Tucker, Arthur Symkins, 

David Holmes, John Dicks, 

Johannes Beard, Michael Dickert, 

John Chestnut, Isham Clayton, 

Malcolm Clark, James Thompson, 

William Housell, Henry Felder, 

Ephriam Mitchell, William Brovv^n, 

Donald Bruce, Evan McLaurin, 

Lewis Golson, William Arthur. 

Inquirers and Collectors. 

1758.t 

Amelia and adjacent ^ ^.jj.^^ g.j^^ 
places: ) ° 

Orangeburgh, with the ) 
forks of Edisto river and > Gavin Pou. 
the adjacent places: ) 

The Township of Saxe- I j Leslie,t 

Uotha and forks between j^u^, j pp 
the Congaree and Wa- ^r^j^^^^g j^g^^j^gU^ 
teree rivers and adjacent ] j Pennington, 
places: J ° 

1760.§ 

The Township of Ame- } -1117-^11;.,^. q..i.u 
lia and adjacent places: < 

*See page 218, foot note. fStats. of S. C, Vol. IV, page 56-7. tOn 
Dec. 14, 1758, an Ordinance was passed "for rectifjang Mistakes in the 
names of two of the Inquirers, Assessors and Collectors, for the Town- 
ship of Saxegotha, and the forks between the Congree and Wateree 
Rivers, and adjacent places, appointed by the Tax Act, passed the 
19th May, 1758". James Leslie and Thomas Kennelly were by the 
mistake in the said Act, called "John Leslie and John Kennelly". — 
Stats, of S. C, Vol. IV, pages 73 and 74. |Stats. of S. C, Vol. IV, 
page 132. 



250 THE HISTORY OF 

Oraiigeburgh Township, ) 
with the forks of Edisto > Michael Christopher Rowe. 
river and adjacent places: ) 

Saxe-Gotha Township^ 
and the fork between the | John Pearson, 
Congaree and the Wa- [-William Harson, 
teree rivers and adjacent 1 William Raiford. 
places: J 

1764.* 

For Amelia Township ) ^^-^^ ^.j^.^^ Thomson, 
and adjacent places: ) *' 

Orangeburgh Township, ) 
with fork of Edisto river > Gavin Pou. 
and adjacent places: ) 

Saxe-Gotha Township ] 
and the fork between the I u^u^ - n^^^^.. 

Cono-aree and Wateree l^^^^^* ^^^^"^' 
L^ongaree and wateree ^Andrew Allison. 

rivers, and adjacent 
places: 

1 765.1 

Amelia Township and } ^j p^^^^ 

adjacent places: ' 

Orangeburgh Township, ) 
with the forks of Edisto [■ Gavin Pou. 
river and adjacent places: \ 

Saxe-Gotha Township 
and the fork between the t^u. i^ir.n. ,.a 
Congar-ee and Wateree hil'^ ^f,^'^' 
rivers and adjacent 
places: 



Isaac Ross. 



1766.^ 

The Parish of St. Mat- / Thomas Piatt, 
thew: \ Samuel Rowe. 

*Stats. of S. C, Vol. IV, pa^e 193. 
tStats. of S. C, Vol. IV, page 217. 
jStats. of S. C, Vol. IV, page 242. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 251 

Saxe-Gotha Township] 
and the fork between the I t i xj -i^. 

Congaree and Wateree K J^^' Sc^^o d'"^ 
rivers and adjacent I ^°"" ^^^^^^^• 
places: J 

1767.* 

i?^„ 4-u^ r> ..;,u ^v a^- ) John Thomson, 
lior the ransh or bt. ( f i ^t -xt- u i 
Mr>^^u^„.. V Joiio McJNichols, 

Matthew ( nu • j. u r» 

) Christopher Kowe. 

) John Thomas, 
For the Congarees: > Thomas Corker, Jr., 

) Thomas Green. 

For both sides of Broad \ Thomas Kennedy, 
river: , ) John Freydig. 

Members of the Provincial Assembly. 
1765-67. 

It will be remembered that when the Parish of St. 
Matthew was erected in August, 1765, that two rep- 
resentatives in the General Assembly were allowed 
that parish. At an election held in October following 
William Thomson and Tacitus Gaillard were returned 
as representatives for the parish, and took their seats 
in the assembly that met on the 28th of the same 
month, and closed its session on April 12th, 1768. 
From the journal of that unusually long session we 
learn that; "His Majesty having been pleased to Re- 
peal, the Act for establising S* Matthews Parish, Ma- 
jor Gaillard and Coll^ Thomson quitted their seats in 
the House the lO^ii day of November One thousand 
seven Hundred and sixty-seven." 

1768. 
It will also be remembered that a second Act was 
passed, in April 1768, establishing St. Matthew's Par- 

*Stats. of S. C, Vol. IV, page 272. 



252 THE HISTORY OF 

ish, and that provision was made therein for one rep- 
resentative in the Provincial Assembly. The Soiitft 
Carolina Gazette for Monday, September 5th. 176S, 
contains the following announcement: 

"Wednesday last ended the |>eneral election of 
members to represent the inhabitants of the several 
parishes into which this province is divided, in the 
ensuing general assembly, which is to meet here on 
Monday the 25th instant;* when the following gentle- 
men were elected, viz." * * •* * "For 
St. Matthew's. William Thomson. Esq." 

1769. 
The South Carolina Gazette for March 16tb 1769, 
contains a list of the members elected to the General 
Assembly on the 7tb and 8th of that month. W^illiara 
Thomson is named as the representative elected for 
St. Matthew's Parish. f 

1772. 

The South Carolina and A/neriran Genera f Gazette. 
for March 3Ist, 1772, announced that Isaac Huger had 
been elected a member of the Provincial Assembly 
for St. Matthew's Parish.:|: The same paper for 
September 29th, 1772, again announced Isaac Huger 
as a member of the Assembly for St. Matthew's 
Parish.§ 

1773-75. 

The South Carolina and American General Gazette. 
for December 29th. 1772. nnnounced that at the late 
elections, Tacitus Gaillard had been i-eturned as the 
representative fron] St. Matthew's;;; but Mr. (lailliard 
was not permitted to sit easy in his seat, for the South 



*Met Nov, 15, 17()S, fFIie Assembly nie( on the 2HtFi of .Tune fol- 
lowinjf. JThe new Assembly niet soon nfter. ^Tlie Assembly met on 
OetoberSth, following. ||The new Assembly met on .Jnn. ITtli, 1773. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 253 

VaroVuKi and American General G<(zetU\ for March 26th, 
1773, announced that Isaac Huger would contest the 
election of Tacitus Gaillard; and the journal of the 
House of Representatives for Saturday, March 20th, 
1773, contains the following: 

"Petition of Isaac Huger Esq to set aside the Elec- 
tion of Tacitus Gaillard Esquire 

"A Petition of Isaac Huger Esquire of Charles 
Town,* was presented to the House and read in the 
words following ( ) "That 3'Our Petitioner with 

Tacitus Gaillard Esquire were candidates at the last 
Election of a Member to serve in the present General 
Assembly for the Parish of Saint Matthew That the 
Election was not managed and conducted agreeable 
to the directions of an Act of the General Assembly 
for ascertaining the Manner and form of Electing 
Members to represent the Inhabetants of this Province 
in the Commons House of Assembly: First that no 
public notice was given in Writing at the Door of the 
•Parish Church, two Sundays before the appointed 
time of Election — That at two of the Clock in the Af- 
ternoon when the Box which contained the Names of 
the voters was produced by William Stent, one of the 
Church Wardens for the said Parish, two of the Seals 
were tore otf. That many undue practices were al- 
lowed by the Church Wardens during the Election to 
obtain a Majority of Votes for Mr Gaillard. That sev- 
eral persons were refused the liberty of Voting for 
your Petitioner on the first day of Election, and on 
the second were, offered their Votes, provided they 
would Vote for Mr Gaillard, That many Persons un- 
der Age, some who had no property in the Parish, and 
several Mulatoes were allowed to Vote at the said 

*A citizen of South Carolina was eligible for election to the Conl- 
iiio!is House from any parisli or election district wherein he owned 
land, and Mr. Huger owned land in St. Matthew's Parish. 



254 THE HISTORY OF 

Election, contrary to the derections of the said Act, — 
Wherefore. Your Petitioner humbly prays that the 
Premises may be taken into Consideration by this 
Honorable House, and on proof thereof, that the Elec- 
tion of the said Tacitus Gaillard Esquire may be set 
aside and deemed void and of no Effect." 

"Ordered-that the Petition be referred to the Com- 
mittee on Privileges and Elections. And that the said 
Committee have Power to send for Persons, Papers 
and Records." What their report was the journal 
does not show, but suffice it to say that Mr. Gaillard 
served out his term, which — by the way — lasted until 
September 15th 1775, when Governor Campbell jDroro- 
gued the Assembly; the last Assembly under the Royal 
government. We may, therefore, take that date as 
the closing date of the colonial period in our history. 

Sheriffs. 

1772. 
William Thomson. 

1775. 
John James Haig.* 

Jailer of Orangeburgh District. 

1775. 

John Mills.f 

District Clerk of Court. 

1775. 

James Caldwell. :{: 

* "His Honour the Lieutenant-Governor has bt'en pleased to apjioint 
John James Haig Esq., to he Sheriff of Orangeburgh District." — 
South Carolina Gazette, Feb. B, 1775. 

"To Be Sold 

"At Orangeburgh C. H. on the 1st. Tuesday in December next." 
* * * * "Plantation", &c. "John James Haig, 

"Sheriff".— A'. C. 
Gazette, Nov. 28, 1775. t^S'. C. Gazette. J.S'. C. Gazette, Jan. 28, 1775. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 255 



CHAPTER IV. 

THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD. 

Section 1. The Civil Affairs of the Period. 

The excitement occasioned by the blockading of 
Boston port, by act of the British Parliament, in 1774,* 
caused a great number of the people of the Province 
of South Carolina to meet together in convention! in 
Charlestown, July 6th, 1774. St. Matthew's Parish 
was represented in that convention by Col. Tacitus 
Gaillard, who at that time was a member of the Com- 
mons House of Assembly (or Constitutional Assembly) 
for St. Matthew's Parish. (See S. C. Gazette for Mon- 
day, July 11, 1774.) 

This convention passed a set of resolutions con- 
demning the British Parliament for shutting up Bos- 
ton port, and setting forth the rights of the American 
<;olonists; and also elected five delegates:|: to a Conti- 
nental Congress, to meet in Philadelphia the first Mon- 
day in September following. This convention select- 
ed a committee of ninety-nine to act as a General 
Comnjittee to correspond with the committees of the 
other Colonies, and to do all matters and things nec- 
essary to carry out the resolutions of the convention. 
It was stipulated that twenty-one of this committee 
should constitute a quorum and that the power of the 
General Committee was to continue until the next 
general meeting. On this committee Col. Tacitus 
Gaillard, Col. William Thomson and William Ancrum 

*See South Carolina Oazette, June 3,»1774. fHee <S'. C. Gazette, June 
13, 1774, — call for meeting. jHenry Middleton, John Rutledge, 
Christopher (xadsden, Thomas Lynch and Edward Rutledge. 



256 THE HISTORY OF 

were appointed for St. Matthew's Parish.* At this 
early day St. Matthew's Parish was the only part of 
Orangeburgh District that was allowed representation 
in the Assemblies. St. Matthew's Parish, of course, 
included Orangeburgh Township, 

The Continental Congress, which met the first Mon- 
day in September, and adjourned the 26th of October, 
1774, among its other acts, formed an association to 
suspend importations of British goods, and the expor- 
tation of American produce, till their grievances 
should be redressed; and recommended to the several 
Colonies a strict observance of these pledges, and that 
the provincial conventions establish such further reg- 
ulations as they might think proper for carrying the 
pledges into execution. 

To give efficacy to the measure, adopted by the dep- 
uties at Philadelphia, it was determined by the Gen- 
eral Committee in Charlestown, to convene a provin- 
cial congress, by electing representatives from every 
parish and district in South Carolina, and to submit 
the proceedings of the Continental Congress to their 
judgment. As the measures about to be adopted de- 
pended entirely on the consent of the people, a very 
large representation was thought advisable. The Con- 
stitutional Assembly consisted of only forty-nine, but 
this new representative body consisted of one hundred 
and eighty-four. The members of the Constitutional 
Assembly were universally members of the Congress, 
but with this difference, that in the latter capacity 
they could neither be prorogued nor dissolved by the 
royal Cover nor. 

This first Provincial Congress met in Charlestown 
on the nth. of January 1775, and took under consid- 
eration the proceedings of the Continental Congress at 

*See *S'. C. Gazette and Country Journal, for TuescUiy, July 12, 1774. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 257 

Philadelphia at the close of the preceeding year. The 
following notice of the Provincial Congress appears in 
the Soittli Carol hia Gazette of January 23rd, 1775:* 
"List of the several members of the Provincial Con- 
gress, which was held here on the Uth Instant; being 
the most complete Representation of all the good peo- 
ple throughout the Colony that ever was and perhaps 
ever will be obtained." Then follows a list of the 
members, St. Matthew's Parish, including Orange- 
burgh Township, being represented by: 

Col. Tacitus Gaillard, 

Col. William Thomson, 

Rev. Paul Turquand,}- 

Mr. John Caldwell 

Mr. George King, 

Mr. Simon Berwick. 
The Township of Saxe-Gotha, Orangeburgh District, 
was represented by: 

Hon. William Henry Drayton,:!: 

Hon. Barnard Elliott,:]: 

William Arthur, 

Jonas Beard, 

Benjamin Farrar, 

William Tucker. 

This Congress, without one dissenting voice, gave 
public thanks to theii" late deputies to the Continental 
Congress, approved their proceedings, and resolved to 

*Set' also ;V. C. G'azrfte and Contifrjj Jour mil, Tuesday, January 17, 
1775. Se£' also Moultrie's Memoirs, Vol. I, page 17. f "Ordered, That 
the Rev. Mr. Tunjuaud, a inemher, be desired to celebrate divine ser- 
vice in Provincial Con<>:ress." "Resolved, That the President do re- 
turn the thanks of the C'onjiress, to the Rev. Mr. Tunjuaiid, rector of 
iSt. Mathew's Parish, for his devout and pious performance of divine 
service before the Congress. And the same was done accordingly." 
—Moultrie's Memoirs, Vol. I, page 89. JAny voter who owned land 
in an election district was eligibU" to represent that district in an 
Assemltly, whether he lived in that district or not. 



258 THE HISTORY OF 

carry their suggestions into execution; and to this 
end adopted the following resolution:* '"Remlved that 
the following Gentlemen be the Committee for effect- 
ually carrying into execution the Continental Asso- 
ciation! and for receiving and determining upon ap- 
plications relative to law processes". On this Commit- 
tee the following gentlemen were appointed to repre- 
sent St. Matthew's Parish, which included Orange- 
burgh Township: 

Col. Tacitus Gaillard, 

Col. William Thomson, 

Col. John Savage, 

Rev. Paul Turquand. 

Mr. George King, 

Mr. John Caldwell, 

Mr. Simon Berwick. 

Mr. Henry Felder, 

Col. Michael Christopher Rowe, 

Mr. Lewis Golson, 

Mr. Adam Snell, 

Mr. Christopher Zahn. 
And the following gentlemen were appointed for 
Saxe-Gotha Township, Orangeburgh District: 

Benjamin Farrar, 

Jonas Beard, 

William IVicker, 

Samuel Boykin, 

Godfrey Drier, 

Ralph Humphries. 

On the 19th of April, 1775, the Battle of Lexington 
was fought, and the very same day a packet from 

*8ee S. a Gazette, Feb. 13, 1775, and Moultrie's Memoirs, Vol. T, 
page 43. 

tThe first of February, 1775, was the day fixed by the Continental 
Congress after which no British goods sliould be imported. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 259 

Loudon reached Cliarlestowii with intelligence sub- 
versive of the [jleasing hopes of a speedy acconiinoda- 
tion. These matters so excited the people, and affairs 
began to take such a serious shape that the Provincial 
Congres.>s was immediately summoned by the General 
Committee, to meet in twenty-three days at Charles- 
town. "So great was the zeal of the inhabitants", 
says Dr. Ramsay in his History of the Revolution of 
South Carolina, p. 33, ''and so general the alarm 
throughout the province, that one hundred and sev- 
enty-two members of the provincial Congress met on 
the day appointed, the first of June 1775, and proceed- 
ed with such assiduity, that they finished a great deal 
of important business in a short session of twenty- 
two days. Great were the objects which came before 
this assembly. Hitherto the only sacrifices demanded 
at the shrine of liberty, were a suspension of trade 
and business; but now the important question was 
agitated, whether it was better to 'live slaves or die 
freemen"." 

On the second day of their meeting it was unani- 
mously resolved that an association was necessary, 
and, accordingly, one was drawn up and signed by 
all of the members present, and afterwards by a large 
majority of the people of South Carolina.* By the 
terms of this association the people of South Carolina 
united themselves ''under every tie of religion and 
honour", and associated '"as a band in her defence 
against every foe'*. All persons who should refuse to 
subscribe to the association were to be considered as 
"inimical to the liberty of the colonies". Within 
three days it was resolved to raise two regiments of 
infantry Hud a regiment of rangers.* and to put the 

*See letter of Henry Laurens to Col. Fletehall.— Collections of the 
South Carolina Historical Society, Vol, II, page 42. 
fOn .June 21, 1775, the Council of Safety: ''Rcmlvrd, That it is not 



260 THE HISTORY OF 

town and provini^e in a respectable position for de- 
fence. On June 22nd this Congress adjourned. 

From the Smdli Cayolina Gazette of September 7th, 
1775, we learn that on the 7th, Sth, 28th, and 29th of 
August, 1775, elections were held throughout South 
Carolina for delegates to a "Colony Congress" to be 
held in Charlestown the tirst day of December follow- 
ing. St, Matthew's Parish, including the Township of 
Orangeburgh, elected the following delegates: 

Col. Tacitus Gaillard, 

Mr. Simon Berwick, 

Rev. Mr. Paul Turquand, 

Mr. Henry Felder, 

Mr. John Caldwell, 

Captain William Fludd. 
The Township of Saxe-Gotha, Orangeburgh District, 
elected the following: 

Hon. Wm. Henry Drayton, 

Benjamin Fai'i-ar, 

William Arthur, 

Henry Patrick, 

Ralph Humphries, 

Dr. Jacob Richmond. 
The section between the North fork of the Edisto 
river and the Savannah river, also a part of Orange- 
burgh District, elected delegates to this Congress also, 
but their names have not been obtained. The new 
Provincial Congress met, agreeably to their original 
appointment, on the 1st of November, 1775.* 

necessary for the present, to raise more than fifty men per company 
in the Foot, and thirty men per troop of Horse, in tiie Regiments or- 
dered to he raised for the service of this colony." 

*A sliort while previous to the assembling of the Provincial Con- 
gress, Lord William C'ami)bell, the Royal Governor, assembled the 
Constitutional Assembly and tried to transact business, but as most 
of the members of this Assembly sided with the Colonists, he could 
do nothing with them, and accordingly, on the loth of September, he 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 261 

•*Till the year 1776, the opposition to Great-Britain 
was conducted on such temporary principles, that the 
repeal of a few acts of parliament would have imme- 
diately produced a reinst<itement of British govern- 
ment — a dissolution of the American army— and a re- 
commencement of the mer<-antile intercourse between 
the two countries. The refusal of Great-Britain to 
redress the grievances of the colonies, suggested to 
some bold spirits early in 1776, the necessity of going 
much greater lengths than was originally intended."* 

''Public affairs were in confusion for want of a regu- 
lar constitution. The impropriety of holding courts 
of justice under the authority of a sovereign against 
whom all the colony was in arms, struck every think- 
ing person. The impossibility of governing a large 
<'omm unity by the ties of honour, without the authori- 
ty of law, was equally apparent. But notwithstand- 
ing the pressing weight of all these considerations, the 
formation of an independent constitution had so much 
the appearance of an eternal separation from a coun- 
try, by a reconciliation with which many yet hoped 
for a return of ancient happiness, that a great part of 
the provincial Congress opposed the necessary meas- 
ure. At the very time when they were suspended on 
this important debate, an express arrived from Savan- 
nah, with an act of parliament, passed December 21, 
1775. confiscating American property, and throwing 
all the colonists out of his Majesty's protection. This 
turned the scnle — silenced all the moderate men who 
were advocates for a reconciliation— and produced a 
majority for an independent constitution".! 



.1. 



dissolved the AsstiiiMy, tind noer aftei wards iKs-iied writs for a new 
election. 
*Ranisay.— Hist. Kev. [<. ('., page 81. tH'i^l, pi'gt- 81. 



262 THE HISTORY OF 

"So strong was the attachment of many to Great- 
Britain, which they fondly called the mother-country, 
that though they assented to the establishment of an 
independent constitution, yet it was carried, after a 
long debate, that it was only to exist 'till a reconcilia- 
tion between Great-Britain and the colonies should 
take place'."* 

This constitution, temporaiily declaring South Car- 
olina a free and independent republic, was adopted 
March 26th, 1776. "The most essential parts of this 
temporary constitution are contained in the following 
resolutions:''! 

"T. That this Congress, being a full and free repre- 
sentation of the people of this colony, shall henceforth 
be deemed and called the General Assembly of South 
Carolina, and as such shall continue until the 21st of 
October next, and no longer. 

*TI. That the General Assembly shall, out of their 
own body, elect, by ballot, a legislative-council, to 
consist of thirteen members, (seven of whom shall be 
a quorum) and to continue for the same time as the 
general assembly. 

"III. That the general assembly, and legislative- 
council, shall jointly, choose, by ballot, from among 
themselves, or from the people at large, a president 
and commander-in-chief, and a vice-president of the 
colony. 

"V. That there be a privy-council, whereof the vice- 
president of the colony shall of course be a member 
and president of the privy-council, and that six other 
members be chosen by ballot, three by the general 
assembly, and three by the legislative-council; pro- 
vided always, that no officer of the army or navy, in 
the service of the continent, or of this colony, shall be 
eligible. 

*Ranisa.y.— Hist. Rev. S. (',, page 83. fTbid, page 89, et sec). 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 263 

"VII. That the legislative authority be vested in the 
president and commander-in-chief, the general as- 
8eml»ly and legislative-council. 

"XI. That on the last Monday in October next, and 
the day following, and on the same days of every sec- 
ond year thereafter, members of the general assemblj^ 
shall be chosen, to meet on the first Monday in Decem- 
ber then next, and continue for two years from said 
last Monday in October. The general assembly to 
consist of the same numbers of members as this con- 
gress does, each parish and district having the same 
representation as at present. 

"XVI. That the vice-president of the colony, and 
the privy-council, for the time being, shall exercise the 
powers of a court of chancery. And there shall be 
an ordinary, who shall exercise the powers hereto- 
fore exercised by that officer in this colony. 

"XIX. That justices of the peace shall be nomina- 
ted by the general assembly, and commissioned by 
the president during pleasure. 

"XX. That all other judicial officers shall be chosen, 
by ballot, jointly by the general assembly and legis- 
lative-council. 

"XXI. That the sheriffs, qualified as by law directed, 
shall be chosen in like manner by the general assem- 
bly and legislative-council, and commissioned by the 
president for two years only. 

"XXII. The commissioners of the treasury, the sec- 
retary of the colony, the register of mesne (convey- 
ances, attorney-general, and powder-receiver, shall be 
chosen by the general assembly and legislative-coun- 
cil jointly. l)y ballot, and commissioned by the presi- 
dent during good behaviour: but shall be removed on 
the address of the general assembly and legislative- 
council. 

"XXllI. That all field-officers in the army, and all 



264 THE HISTORY OF 

captains in the navy, shall be, by the general assem- 
bly and legislative-council, chosen jointly, by ballot, 
and commissioned by the pi-esident: and that all 
other officers in the army and navy shall be commis- 
sioned by the president and commander-in-chief.'' 

In consequence of this temporary constitution the 
following officers were elected immediately on the 
adoption of the constitution: 

President, John Rutledge, 
Vice-President, Henry Laurens, 
Chief Justice, William Henry Drayton. 
Assistant Judges, Thomas Bee, John Mathews 

and Henry Pendleton. 
vVttorney-rieneral, Alexander Moultrie, 
Secretary, John Huger, 
Ordinary, William Burrows, 
Judge of the Admiralty, Hugh Rutledge, 
Register of Mesne Conveyances, George Sheed. 
Members of the Legislative-Council: 
Charles Pinckney, 
Henry Middleton, 
Richard Richardson, 
Rawlins Low^ndes, 
LeRoy Hammond, 
David Oliphant, 
Thomas Ferguson, 
Stephen Bull, 
George Gabriel Powell, 
Thomas Bee, 
Joseph Kershaw, 
Thomas Shubrick, 
William Moultrie. 
Members of the Privy-Council: 
James Parsons, 
William Henry Drayton, 
John Edwards, 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 265 

Charles Pinckney, 

Thomas Ferguson, 

Rawlins Lowndes. 
Pursuant to the provisions of Article XIX above 
quoted, justices of the peace for the several parishes 
and precincts of the colony were, in April, 1776, nomi- 
nated by the General Assembly and commissioned by 
President Rutledge. The following were the justices 
selected for Orangeburgh District: George Ancrum, 
William Ailhur, Jonas Beard, Samuel Boykin, Rich- 
ard Brown, Donald Bruce, Peter Corbin, James Cor- 
nelley, Malcolm Clark, Isham Clayton, John Chesnut, 
Michael Dickert, Benjamin Farrar, John Fairchild, 
Lewis Golson, Tacitus Gaillard, Ralph Humphries, 

Houschild, David Holmes, William Housell, 

John Kensalow, Michael Leitner, Ephriam Mikell, 
David Pou, Henry Patrick, James Pritchard, Samuel 
Rowe, M. C. Rowe, Jacob Richman, George Robinson, 
John Savage, Arthur Simkins, George Strawther, Wil- 
liam Thomson, William Tucker, and Thomas Young.* 

The South (Jaroli//a and Anterican General Gazette for 
Wednesday, April 17th, 1776, states that on April 
11th, the following commissioners of election were 
appointed by the General Assembly: For Saxe-Gotha 
Township, election to be held at Granby, William Ar- 
thur, Benjamin Farrar, Ralph Humphries, Jacob Rich- 
man, and Jacob Finlay. The commissioners of elec- 
tion for St. Matthew's were, as was the custom in all 
the parishes, the wardens of the parish church, and 
the election was held at the church. 

After passing a few necessary laws, the represen- 
tatives of the people closed their session on the Uth, 
of April, 1776. This first General Assembly, agreeably 



*!See South Carolina and Anirrican Orncral Gazette for Wednes- 
day, April 17th, 1776. 



266 



THE HISTORY OF 



to the constitution they bad framed, was dissolved on 
the 21st of October of the same year, and a general 
election for members of the Legislature was immedi- 
ately held throughout the State the last Monday in 
October. Such was the union of the people, and so 
general their acquiescence in the measures adopted by 
their representatives, that the former members were 
almost universally returned. The following members 
w^ere elected for Orangeburgh District: 

For St. Matthew's Parish, including Orangeburgh 
Township: Richard Richardson,* Donald Bruce, and 
four others. 

For Saxe-Gotha Township: Six meinbers. 

For the territory between the North Edisto and Sa- 
vannah rivers: Six members. 

For the lower district between Broad and Saluda 
rivers: Two members. 

The So?ffh Cfffoh'na and American General Gazette lov 
October 17th. 1776, contains the following: 

"At a Court of General Sessions of the Peace. Oyer 
and Terminer. Assize and General Gaol Delivery, be- 
gun and hoi den at Orangeburgh for the District of 
Orangeburgh. on Monday the 20th. Day of May. 1776. 
before the Honorable William Henry Drayton. Esq. 
Chief Justice of the Colony of South Carolina. 

"The ADDRESS and DECLARATION of the Grand 
Jury of the said District, to his Honour the Chief Jus- 
tice. 



*Tlu' Gazette of the S'tate of South Carolina for April f)tli, 1777: 
"Writs have been issued, for electing Members of the General Assem- 
bly to fill up Vaeaneies which have happened in the following Par- 
ishes and Districts." Among the members to be elected to fill these 
vacancies was one for Ht. Matthew's Parish, "in the room of ( "ol. Rich- 
ard Richardson, who made his election for St. .lames, Goose Greek". 
The election days were set for Tuesday and Wednesday, April 'I'lud 
and 28rd, following. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 267 

"Ma3' it please your Honour, 

"Whilst engaged in an arduous but glorious 
Strugglia for the | (reservation of those invaluable 
Rights and Liberties, which, by the Laws of Keason, 
and of Nature, all men have a right to possess, and 
without the Possession of w hich Life itself would be A 
Burthen; it was Matter of no small Grief to us that 
any Men should be found amongst us ready to add to 
the Distress of an oppressed and injured People, by 
endeavouring to introduce Anarchy and Confusion and 
thereby to light up the Flames of Civil Discord in the 
Bowels of this once happy Country. — We are fully 
convinced that those'must have been the nefarious in- 
tentions, and base Hopes which induced the King's 
Judges to refuse the Execution of their Offices, and by 
so doing to put a Stop to the Administration of Jus- 
tice in the Courts under their Jurisdiction; to the 
great Danger of the Lives, Liberties, and Properties of 
the good People of this Colony. But however great 
our Grief, we cannot say we are surprised at their 
Conduct— Strangers in this Land, as they are, and, in- 
duced by no Ties of Affection to this Country, or its 
Inhabitants, they acted as may ever be ex'pected from 
the wretched Hirelings of an arbitrary and despotic 
Power. We trust they are the last Officers of the Kind 
this Colony will ever know, and hope it will be an ad- 
ditional Cause, for us hereafter to rejoice that we re- 
sisted, that we thereby became sensible of the true Li- 
terest of America in this, as well as many other Re- 
spects. To the base Conduct of our late Judges, 
among other Causes, we owe however the excellent 
Constitution lately established amongst us: A Con- 
stitution evidently franied for the Good, Welfare and 
Happiness of those who are to live under it. We de- 
clare, that as we do most heartily approve of, so we 
are determined with our Lives and Fortunes to sup- 



268 THE HISTORY OF 

port, maintain and defend it. And to that End. we 
will, to the utmost of onr Power, endeavour to make 
known its Excellency to all around us, to promote 
and encourage Peace. Harmony and good Will among 
the People; and w^hilst we treat with the tender Hand 
of Pity and Compassion those few', if any, of our 
Brethren, who, from the Want of Information, or the 
artful Designs and Intrigues of wicked Men, may be 
found at present unfriendly to the sacred Cause in 
which we are now engaged, we will use our utmost 
Efforts to teach and instruct theni what, and how" 
many Grievances we labour under; the dutiful, hum- 
ble, and we cannot help now thinking too submissive. 
Petitions and Remonstrances, we have vainly present- 
ed for Redress; the appeal made by our oppressors to 
the Sword, and driven as we are by dire necessity, the 
becoming and spirited Measures we have pursued and 
are now pursuing for a vigorous, manly, and virtuous 
Defence of the Liberties of ourselves and. which are 
still dearer to us, of our Posterity. Thus acting, we 
doubt not but that we shall be -able to create such an 
Union among them, as if extended over the whole 
Colony, will, with the Assistance of that gracious 
Providence which has hitherto manifested itself in 
our Favour; the Goodness of our Cause, the Advan- 
tage of our Situation, our Use to Arnjs, and our 
Equality, if not Superiority in other Respects to those 
who are. or may be sent against us, insure us. if called 
to Action, both Victory and Peace. 

"GREAT BRITAIN has forced us into a new Form 
of Government; she may continue the Sword so long 
unsheathed that by observing its Supei'iority over the 
old, we may be unwilling to part with it. We now 
have Rulers of our free Choice aud Judges of our own 
Election; a full and equal Representation in the Gov- 
ernment; Blessings we hope we should never lose, and 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 269 

wbii'b tlie Wisdom of the Continental Congress will 
enable us long to keep Possession of. In our present 
Situation it would be needless for us to present any 
Grievances to tbis Court: From tbe Joy we are in, 
and the Pleasures we feel in observing the Attention 
paid to tbe Interests of the Colony, at the first Session 
of the Assembly under the present Constitution, by 
the Law for the once more opening the Courts of 
Justice amongst us, and, the many other excellent 
Laws passed in that vSession, we can think of none we 
labour under: Should there be any, we have the 
greatest Confidence that your Honour would pay 
proper Attention to them, were they pointed out, and 
that the Legislature will at all Times be ready to pro- 
vide adequate Remedies, when they are. 

"Henry Felder, (L. S.) 

"George King, ' (L. S.) 

"Michael Leitner, (L. S.) 

"William Heatly, (L. S.) 

-Garrit FitzPatrick, {L. S.) 

"Adam Snell, (L. S.) 

"Gaspar Brown, (L. S.) 

''John M'Williams, (L. S.) 

'"Henry Rickenbacker, (L. S.) 

"Henry Whetstone, (L. S.) 

"Henry Crum, (L. S.) 

"Godfred Drelve, (L. S.) 

"Jonas Beard. (L. S.)" 

From the strength of this Grand Jury report, and 
the ability displayed in its preparation, we are led to 
believe that the back country people of South Caroli- 
na were not as ignorant and illiterate as John Bach 
McMaster, Mason L. Weems, and some other writers 
would have us believe that they were at the time of 
the American Revolution. 



270 THE HISTORY OF 

; The new Assembly met on the 6tli of December 
,1776, and. in a few days thereafter, re-elected the for- 
mer President and Vice-President, South Carolina 
was the first of the United Colonies that fornjed an 
independent constitution: bnt as this was done on 
temporary principles, the declaration of independence 
by the Continental Congress. whi<*h took place on the 
4tb of July preceding, made it necessary to remodel 
that temporary form of government, so as to accom- 
modate it to that great event. The members of the 
Legislature, chosen in October 1776. were authorized 
by the people to frame a new constitution suited to 
the declared independence of the State. Authorized 
in this manner, the Legislature, in January 1777. be- 
gan the important business of framing a permanent 
form of government, Before finally adopting this new- 
constitution the Legislature submitted it to the peo- 
ple for their approval for the space of one year, so 
that it was not finally adopted until the spring of 1778. 
The temporary constitution, ratified in March 1776. 
differs from that which was framed in 1777 in the fol- 
lowing particulars: By the last, the appellation of the 
country was changed from colony to state, and of the 
chief magistrate, from president to governor. The 
Legislative authority was reduced from three to two 
branches. Instead of the Legislative-Council, to be 
chosen by the representatives of the people out of 
their own body, a senate, consisting at twenty-eight 
inembers, each upward of thirty years of age. to be 
elected by the people in their respective parishes and 
districts, was constituted a branch of the Legislature. 
And South Carolina was declared ahsoliifci// free and 
independent of Great Britain. 

; On January 16th, 1777, the Legislature passed an 
Act for I'aising taxes; and. in accordance with the 6th 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 271 

paragraph of the Act, appointed Inquirers and Collec- 
tors for the several parishes and districts of the State. 
The following were the Inquirers and Collectors ap- 
pointed for Orangeburgh District: For St. Matthew's 
Parish, including Orangeburgh Township, Henry Fel- 
der, William Reed and Joseph Dunklin; for the dis- 
trict of Saxe-Gotha, George Stroul, Andrew Kaigler, 
and William Gieger; for the district between the Sa- 
vaiiuah river and the North fork of the Edisto river, 
William Robinson, James Moore, Henry Peoples and 
Henry Young.* 

The South Carolina ami American General Gazette 
for February 12th, 1778, contains the following: 
"SOUTH CAROLINA, 

"ORANGEBURGH-DISTRICT. 

''The Presentments of the Grand Jurors, at a Court 
of General Gaol Delivery, for the District of Orange- 
burgh, on Wednesday the 5th Day of November, 1777, 
before Hon. William Henry Drayton, Esq; Chief-Jus- 
tice of the said State. 

•'I. We present as a grievance the dangerous prac- 
tice of fire-hunting, and recommend that a law be 
passed inflicting more severe penalties than the last, 
upon persons guilty thereof. 

"if. We present as a grievance, the want of a law, 
fixing some punishment on persons harboring or con- 
cealing horse and other thieves. 

' JII. We present as a grievance, the want of a pub- 
lick general test, by which the foes may be dis- 
tinguished from the friends of the American cause; 
and we do recommend that the abjuration oath may 
be made general. Lastly, We return our thanks to his 
Honour the Chief-Justice for his patriotic charge de- 

*Statutesof S. ('., Vol. IV, page 809. 



272 THE HISTORY OF 

livered to us at this sessions, Hiid. request that these 

our presentments be made publick. 

"Lewis Golson, Foreman, (L. S.) 

"William Arthur, (L. S.) 

"George King. (L. S.) 

"Phillip Frierson. (L. S.) 

"Gaspar Brown, (L. S.) 

"Daniel Kelly, - (L. S.) 

"Henry Felder, (L. S.) 

"Guerard FitzPatrick, (L. S.) 

"David Friday, (L. S.) 

"Henry Whetstone, (L. S.) 

"John Harrisperger, (L. S.) 

"Henry Rickenbacker, (L. S.) 

"Godfrey Drehr, (L. S.) 

"Adam Snell, (L. S.)" 

The new constitution having been approved of by 
both the deliberative branches of the Legislature, and 
also having gained the implied consent of the people, 
after one year of trial, the Generol Assembly and Leg- 
islative-Council proceeded, in March 1778, to give it a 
final sanction in the form of a law. When it was sub- 
mitted to President Rutledge he refused to sign it, be- 
cause he then held office under the constitution of 
1776, which made South Carolina independent of 
Great Britain only until an agreement could be reach- 
ed with her. He therefore resigned the office of Presi- 
dent, and Rawlins Lowndes was elected in his stead, 
and on the 19th of March. 177S, he gave his assent to 
the new constitution. 

On March 2Sth. 177S, the Legislature passed an act 
for establishing a new list of jurymen for the several 
Districts of the State, declaring: "That the several 
persons whose names are inserted in the different 
schedules or lists hereunto annexed as jury lists for the 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 273 

several districts of C'harlestowii, Georgetown, Cberaws, 
Camden. Beaufort and Oraiigelnirgh, within this State,, 
and entitled the grand jury list, petit jury list, and the 
special jury list, of each of the said districts respec- 
tively, are hereby deenjed and declared to be qualified 
and obliged to serve as jurjinen for such districts re- 
spectively, according to the several jury lists in which 
their I'lames are so inserted; that is to say, all persons 
whose names are inserted in the list of the grand jury 
of any of the districts aforesaid and hereunto annexed, 
shall be summoned, returned and obliged to serve as 
grand jurymen, according to law, for such districts in 
the grand jury list of w^hich their names are so insert- 
ed; and all persons whose names are inserted in the 
petit jury list of anj^ of the districts aforesaid and 
hereunto annexed, shall be summoned, returned and 
obliged to serve as petit jurymen for such districts in 
the petit jury list of which their names are so insert- 
ed; and also all persons whose names are inserted in 
the special jury list of any of the districts aforesaid 
and hereunto annexed, shall be summoned, returned 
and oliliged to serve as talesmen on the petit jury of 
such district in the special jury list of which their 
names are so inserted, in all cases where tales are al- 
lowed by law." 

The Legislature of South Carolina, on March 28th. 
177S, ratified an Act for raising taxes. This act pro- 
vided for the appointment of Inquirers and Collectors 
for the collecting of the said taxes in the various 
parishes and districts of the State. In the 7th para- 
graph of this Act these Inquirers and Collectors are 
named, and the following were the appointees for 
Oi-angeburgh District: For St. Matthew's Parish, in- 
cluding Orange Parish, lately formed. Philip Frierson. 
William Heatly. George Frierson and Donald Bruce; 
for Saxe-Gotha Township and adjacent parts, William 



274 THE HISTORY OF 

Arthur and Samuel Boykin; for the district between 
the North fork of the Edisto river und the Savannah 
river, William Robinson, James Moore, Henry Peoples 
and John Jennings.* 

In 1778, James Prichard is mentioned in the (idzefte 
of the State of Souf/i Cai-oliiia as sheriff of Orangeburgh 
District. 

In the Gazette of the State (f S(,at]( Carolina for Octo- 
ber 28th, 1778, notice is given that at; election, in ac- 
cordance with the new constitution, would be held 
the last Monday in Noveniber and the day following, 
Tuesday, December the first, and the following com- 
missioners of election for Orangeburgh District were 
then named: For Orange Parish (late a part of St. 
Matthew^'s Parish), election to be held at Orangeburgh 
Court House, Henry Felder, Donald Bruce, Samuel 
Rowe, and John Clayton; for the district between the 
North fork of the Edisto river and the Savannah river; 
John Parkinson, James Moore, John Collins, Capt. 
George Robison, and Henry Peoples; for Saxe-Cotha 
Township; election to be held atGranby, Ralph Hum- 
phries, Jacob Richman, William Arthur, and Samuel 
Boykin. For St. Matthew's Parish the election was. 
as usual, of course, to be conducted by the parish 
church wardens at the church. Under the apportion- 
ment of the new constitutioi], Orangeburgh District 
was allowed the following representation: For St. 
Matthew's and Orange parishes combined, one sena- 
tor; St. Matthew's three representatives, and Orange 
three; the district between the North fork of the Ed- 
isto river and the Savannah river, one senator and six 
representatives; Saxe-Gotha Township, one senator 
and six representatives. The election was scheduled 

^statutes of S. C, Vol. IV, page 417. Al.so S. ('. (did Anicricdii 
General G(izctt( for April 2ik1, 1778. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 275 

for the la«t Mondny in November, 177<S, and the day 
following. 

The new Assembly met the fiist Monday in January 
1779. As the term of office of President Lowndes had 
expired, and as the office of president had been abol- 
ished by the new constitution and that of governor 
created in its stead, the Legislature immediate!}' elect- 
ed John Rutledge governor. 

The Gazette of the State of Sotitli Cfnvl(tia for Febru- 
ary 24th, 1779, mentions James Haig as sheriff of 
Orangeburgh District. 

On the 9th of September, 1779, the Legislature passed 
an Act for raising taxes, and, under the 7th paragraph 
of the Act. appointed Inquirers and Collectors for the 
several parishes and districts of the State. The fol- 
lowing were the Inquirers and the Collectors appoint- 
ed for Orangeburgh District: For St. Matthew's Parish, 
Samuel Dubois. Jacob Christopher Zahn and Jared 
Neilson; for Orange Parish, Lewis Golson, William 
Hill and Henry Fekler: for Saxe-Gotha Township and 
parts adjacent, William Arthur and Jacob Sayler; for 
the Fork district, John Collins, George Robison, and 
James Leyton Richards.* 

On the Mth of September, 1779, the Legislature elec- 
ted J. Wylde and P. Watters magistrates for Orange- 
burgh District.! 

The General Assembly of South Carolina, called for, 
met in December, 1779, when the following represent- 
atives for Orangeburgh District appeared ij 

*Statutt's of 8. C, Vol. IV, pages 490 and 491. fSee House journal 
for that period. JSee the Gazetff of the State of South Carolina for 
Wednesday, December 8th, 1779. These representatives were proha- 
l)lv the ones elected in Octol)er, 1778. 



276 THE HISTORY OF 

Senator for the combined parishes of Orange and 
St. Matthew: 

Col. William Thomson. 
Representatives for Orange Parish; 

Donald Bruce, 

Samuel Rowe, 

William Hill. 
Representatives for St. Matthew's Parish; 

Isaac Porcher, 

Jacob Christopher Zahn, 

Samuel Dubois. 
Senator for the Fork district; 

Stephen Smith. 
Representatives for the Fork district; 

John Collins, 

Britton Williams,* 

Henry Hampton, 

Patrick Cain, 

James Fair, 



Senator for Saxe-Gotha Township; 

John Hbpton. 
Representatives for Saxe-Ootha Township: 

William Arthur, 

William Gieger,}- 

Ralph Humphries.:|: 

Jonas Beard, 

Jacob Seyler, 

James Beams. 
Senator for the lower district between Broad and 
Saluda rivers; 

Charles King. 

*Hung by Tories in 1780. — Tarletoii Brown's Memoirs, page 17. 
tDied during the session beginning Aug. 31, 1779, and ending Feb. 12, 
1780. 
JRemoved from the State during the same period. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 277 

Repretieiitatives for lower district between Broad 
and Saluda rivers: 

Wade Hampton. 
Philemon Waters. 

This Assembly adjourned February 12th, 1780; but 
before adjourning, it passed, on Feb. 3rd, "An Ordi- 
nance for the better defence and security of this State, 
during the recess of the General Assembly", which Or- 
dinance practically vested in Governor Kutledge the 
powers of a dictator, as, among other things, it gave 
him the right, *'with the advice and consent of the 
Privy Council", "to do all matters and things which 
may be judged expedient and necessary to secure the 
liberty, safety and happiness of this State, except tak- 
ing away the life of a citizen without legal trial". 
Practically the same powers had been given Governor 
Rutledge on a previous occasion, February, 1779, when 
the Legislature adjourned with the State threatened 
by an invasion. 

The fall of Charlestown, the capital, in 1780, and 
the subsequent overrunning of the State by the British, 
rendered it impracticable to hold another session of 
the Legislature for nearly two years. For the same 
reason it was not possible to hold an election for a 
new legislature in the fall of 1780. But, the State 
having been recovered from the British, towards the 
close of 1781, Governor Rutledge. by virtue of the ex- 
traordinary power delegated to him before the surren- 
der of Charlestown. issued writs for new elections. 
These w ere ordered to be held in the usual places where 
it was practicable, and in other cases as near as safety 
and other circumstances would permit. By the same 
authority it was ordered, that at the election the votes 
of such, only, should be received as had never taken 
British protection, or who having taken it, had, not- 



278 THE HISTORY OF 

withsiaudiiig, re-joined tlieir coniitrynieii on or before 
the twenty-seventh of September, 17S1. 

At this election the following were the members re- 
turned for Orangeburgh fiistrict: Orange Parish, Capt. 

Henry Felder, George llennarson, and ; St. 

Matthew's Parish, William Middletoii, , and 

; the Fork district. Wm. Rol)ison, Wm. Dun- 
bar, John Collins, John Parkinson, , and ; 



Saxe-Gotha Township, Jonas Beard, Michael Lietner, 
and four others. 

This Legislature, so chosen, met January Sth, 17S2. 
The Senate chose John Lewis Gervais, president: and 
the House chose Hugh Rutledge, speaker; and some 
days later. Governor Rutledge's term having expired, 
John Mathews was chosen governor; all vacancies 
were filled up in the different departments, and civil 
government was re-established, and before adjourning 
(Feb. 26th), the Legislature delegated to Governor 
Mathews the same powers, with similar limitations, 
that had been intrusted to Governor Rutledge in 
1779 and 1780. 

Section 2. The Third Heijinienl of South Corolina Con- 
tinent a Is. 

There are very few records to show the names of 
those brave men of Orangeburgh District, who went 
forth to battle for the independence of South Carolina 
and the other American colonies, but there are docu- 
ments enough in evidence to show that a good part of 
the fighting was done by men from Orangeburgh, and 
that they usually had "a place in the picture near the 
flashing of the guns." If many of the companies and 
regiments to which the Orangeburgh men belonged 
ever had any official rolls they were not deposited in 
places of al)solute safety, for the Carolinians recked 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 



279 



not of pension Inireans that might he formed when the 
war should end: and many of the rolls of the organi- 
zations to which those hrave men belonged, wdio fought 
for their country for their country's sake, were lost or 
destroyed. Many of them have been bought up since 
the Revolution by historical societies outside of this 
State, and others were destroyed during the last war. 
But we can recount the deeds of our heroes, even if 
we have not their names. 

It will be remembered that in June, 1775, the Pro- 
vincial Congress of South Carolina, as a safeguard, 
raised two regiments of infantry and one regiment of 
rangers. William Thomson, a member of that Con- 
gress from Orangeburgh District, was elected Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel and commander of the regiment of ran- 
gers. The officers and men of the regiment were from 
Orangeburghf and the adjoining districts of Camden 
and Ninety-Six. The following were the officers of 
this regiment elected at its organization.:!: Those 
marked with an asterisk (*) were of Orangeburgh 
District: 

*William Thomson. Lieut. Col. 
James May son, Major. 

1 Samuel Wise. 

2 Ezekiel Polk, 

3 *John Caldwell. 

4 Eli Kershaw. 

5 *Robert Goodwin, [-Captains. 

6 Moses Kirkland, 

7 *Edward Richardson, 

8 Thomas Woodward, 

9 John Purves. 



fDr. Joseph Johnson says, "Traditions of the Revolution", page 90: 
"He" (Thomson) "being from tlie upper part of ()rangel)urg District, 
soon filled his regiment with many of the best riflemen in the State." 

jSee Ramsay's Revolution in Soutii Carolina, Vol. I, ijages 36, 37. 
Also .Journal of Council of Safety for .June 18, 177").— Collections S. C. 
Hist. Soe., Vol. II, page 24. 



280 THE HISTORY OF 

1. *J oh n Lewis Pever Im holt', ( 

2. *Oharles Heatly, 1 
8. Alan Cameron,! j 

4. Richard Winn, | 

5. John Donaldson.:^ J Lieutenants. 

6. Hugh Middleton, | 

7. Lewis Dutarque, j 
S. Francis Boykin, | 
1). Samuel Watson, ! 

The commissions for these officers were signed hy 
the Council of Safety on vJune iSth, 1775, and on the 
21st of June, following, a comnnssion for John Ches- 
nut, Paymaster 3rd regiment, and nine blank commis- 
sions, all dated June lSth,for second lieutenants, were 
signed by the Council. The appointing of the second 
lieutenants was left to Col, Thomson. 

On the 24th of June, 1775, Col. 'i'homson received, 
from the Council of Safety, his commission, and an or- 
der, dated June 21st, directing him to issue forthwith, 
orders for levying troops for his regiment; and in the 
Council of Safety on June 26, 1775, the following reso- 
lution was passed: 

''Besoh'ed, That a letter be wiitten to Col. Thomson, 
directing him to station the first troop of Rangers 
that shall be raised, at Fort Charlotte, till further or- 
ders; that he send to Charles Town as soon as possi- 
ble, the two brass field pieces, and bayonets, that are 
there; and that he do take charge of all the gun-pow- 
der and military stores that shall remain there, and 

fCanieron refused to aeeept the coniniissidii ottered him, as will be 
seen by hits two letters to Major Andrew Williamson, dated .July 10th 
and .July lOth, 1775, and published on pajie ()7 of Vol. II. of (^>llee- 
tions of S. C. Historical Society. He sympathised with the Crown. 

IRamsay and Col. Thomson f^We his name as John Donaldson, but 
his name is given on the Journal of Council of Safety and in (xeneral 
DeSausure's pamphlet as James Donaldson. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 281 

immediately transmit an exact inventory of the whole 
to this Couneil". 

Orders in accordanee with thi.s resolution were then 
sent to Col. Thomson,* and on July 1st he transmitted 
them to Major Mayson to be by him put into execu- 
tion: and Major Mayson was directed to place Fort 
(_'har!otte in chal-ge of Capt. Purvis. 

On the 13th of July the Council of Safety issued or- 
ders requiring Col. Thomson to make a complete re^ 
turn of hi.s regiment, and issued further orders for the 
regiment to begin a series of movements on August 
the 10th; whi<-h last orders were rescinded by the 
Council on July 20th. 

On July 14th, the Council, upon application by Col. 
Thomson, issued the following order, which was doubt- 
less very agreeable to the officers and men of the Ran- 
gers: 

■'Pay to Col. William Thomson, to be paid by him 
to the Paymaster of the Regiment of Hangers, for pay- 
ing the said Regiment, the sum of one thousand 
Pounds currency; for which this shall be your war- 
rant. 

"7V> John NevfviUe. Ffif^r Barof, WUluihi Gihbes, esqa., 
Comniissioners of the Co/on i/ Tjrasun/.'" 

Fronj the Journal of the Council for the same day, 
July 14th. we extract: "The Council signed a certifi- 
cate for Dr. Alexander Rogers, appointed Surgeon to 
the Regiment of Rangers, dated this day, upon an ap- 
plication by Col. Thomson." 

Col. Thomson was next given orders, on July 15th, 
to immediately march his regiment, or such part of it 
as he might deem necessary foi' the service, to take 
Fort Chailotte, in case the same had not already been 

*.See his order book in Section 8 of this chsiptcr. 



282 



THE HISTORY OF 



secured agreeable to the order of June 26th. Upon re- 
ceiving this order Col, Thomson issued orders for Cap- 
tains Goodwyn, Kershaw, Richardson and Woodward 
to meet him at the Congarees on the following Sun- 
day, ready to march to Fort Charlotte; but upon reach- 
ing the Congarees he met an express from Major May- 
son containing the intelligence of the capture of Fort 
Charlotte.* Thereupon Col. Thomson went into camp 
at the Congarees with the four companies he had with 
him, issued orders for Capt. Wise to also join him at 
once with his company, and sent a detachment to 
Fort Charlotte for powder. 

From his camp at "Granby near Friday's Ferry", 
Col. Thomson wrote a letter to the Council of Safety 
on July 22nd, in which he advised that some member 
of the Council of Safety and the Rev. William Ten- 
nent be sent among the back-country people. 

It appears that when the Continental Association 
was carried among the settlers in the fork between 
the Broad and Saluda rivers, (a part of which territor}^ 
was in Orangeburgh District, but the greater part of 
which w^as in Ninety-Six District) many of them re- 
fused to sign it. The Council of Safety then resolved, 
on July 23rd, to send William Henry Drayton and the 
Rev. William Tennent among them to try to persuade 
them into signing it. The Council also gave them the 
following authority: "Gentlemen — in order to give 
you every necessary and proper support and protec- 
tion in your progress into the country, in execution of 
our commission of this date, you are hereby author- 
ized to call upon all and every Officer of the Militia 
and Rangers for assistance, support and protection". 
Acting under this authority Messrs Drayton and 

*WIiieli was plaet'd under the care of ('apt. John Caldwell and his 
company. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 

Tenuent. who had left Charleston on August 2nd, 
<-alled upon Col. Thomson soon thereafter to accom- 
pany them with his regiment. The following account 
of their journey tiirough Orangeburgh District, and 
their transactions with Col. Thomson and his regi- 
ment of rangers, is made up from Mr. Tennent's diary, 
several letters written by Messrs Drayton and Ten- 
nent, and various other documents: 

Tennent's diary: "'Sth. Set out a little after 6, and 
by the help of Mr. Thomson's good pair of horses, 
passed over sixteen miles of the worst road I almost 
ever saw, owing to the steepness of the hills, and the 
gullies made by yesterday's shower of rain. Dined at 
Mr. Patrick's, a man of property among the Dutch, and 
afterwards rode with him seven miles. Arrived at 

Col. Chestnut's paymaster and there found Col. , 

with sundry othcers of the regiment. Among others 
was agreeably surprised to find Dr. Charlton, from 
Philadelphia, a lieutenant among them. We were 
soon introduced to Messrs Dunn & Booth, two lawyers 
sent from North Carolina, prisoners, for having been 
busy in stirring up there in opposition to the Conti- 
nent. They appear sensible and plausible men. After 
making known our errand to the Commanding Officer, 
we consulted with him and concluded to send the 
prisoners by a detachment to Charleston to the gener- 
al committee informing them of the time of the Con- 
gress in North Carolina, to disband the Kangers for a 
few days, to take off the fears of the people. Sunday, 

August 6th. Preached in Camp at Col. in the 

evening. Finding some disaffected among the soldiers 
Mr. Drayton harrangued them and was followed by 
myself until all seemed well satisfied, and we returned 
to Mr. Chestnut's 2 miles. About midnight were 
alarmed by an officer from the Camp, who informed 
us, that they had niutined and were deterujined to g6 



284 



THE HISTORY OF 



off in the morning, we agreed to let matters rest until 
they ordered the Companies to come to us. 

"Monday, 7th. Discovered that the Mutiny arose 
from some words dropped by some officers concerning 
their pay and duty. We dealt plainly with the Corps 
of Officers, and addressed the men at the head of the 
Regiment in such a manner as that they all went 
away happy". 

Letter written by Drayton and Tennent: 

"Congaree Store,* August 7th, 1775. 
''To the Council of Safety. 

"Gentlemen: — Having left Charles Town on Wed- 
nesday morning, we arrived here early on Saturda}' 
afternoon, 130 miles distant from town. In our way, 
we spent some hours at Col. Gaillard's.f and we flatter 
ourselves the visit had a good effect. It is to be hoped, 
he has not delivered himself in public so warmly, as 
he has expressed himself to us." 

********* 

"As a first step to the particular object of our pro- 
gress, upon our arrival here, we despatched notices to 
particular persons of influence among the Dutch, to 
endeavor to procure a meeting of them at the place of 
election as on this day. To our great mortification 
not one German}: appeared, but one or two of our 
friends who had been industrious to procure a meet- 
ing. By them we were informed, their countrymen 
were so much averse to take up arms, as they imag- 
ined, against the king, least they should lose their 

*"A few hundred yards below Graiiby." 

fTaeitus Gaillard, who lived in Orangehiirgli District, near Eutaw 
Springs. 

JLet it be borne in niind that these were the 8axe-(Jotha and 
"Dutch Fork" Germans — not the Orangeburgh Germans. And even 
the small hopes that Drayton entertained of fheae, were redeemed 
?ifterwards. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 285 

lands; and were so possessed with an idea, that the 
rangers were posted here to force their signatures to 
the association, that they would not by any argu- 
ments be induced to come near us". * * * "How- 
ever unfavorable these circumstances are, we hope 
you will not be alarmed at them; we yet have some 
hopes of success, though we confess they are but small 
in this quarter. 

"We have engaged Col. Thomson to order a muster 
of two Dutch companies in this neighborhood on Wed- 
nesday next, and w-e have declared if the officers diso- 
bey they shall be broke. This threat was highly nec- 
essary, as the Dutch Captains had some little time 
ago disobeyed such an order, alledging that extra mus- 
ters were warranted only by orders from the Gover- 
nor. We hope this step will oblige a part of the Ger- 
mans to give us a hearing; and as we flatter ourselves 
that our discourses to them will not be entirely lost 
upon them, we expect these will induce others of their 
countrymen to be willing to hear what we have to 
say. With this view, and to give such persons an op- 
portunity of hearing us; w^e have engaged one Dutch 
clergyman to perform service at one place on Friday 
next, and another, at a second place on Sunday next, 
at both which places Mr. Drayton will be present. 
And in the mean time, as we know in general, that an 
argument relating to money matters most readily 
catches a Dutchman's ear, we have declared that no 
non-subscriber in this settlement will be allowed to 
purchase at, or sell to this store or Charles Town. 
When Mr. Drayton shall quit the Dutch settlements 
on Sunday next, after having had on Saturday a meet- 
ing with a large number of people of all sorts, at one 
McLaurin's, a store keeper, hitherto an enemy, but 
now. at least in appearance, a friend, he will proceed 
up the fork to Col. Fletc hall's". 



286 THE HISTORY OF 

"Yesterday Mr. Tennent performed divine service 
in Camp; and in the afternoon Mr. Drayton harran- 
gued the Rangers respecting the new and extraordi- 
nary power by which they were raised; the nature of 
the public disputes, and the justice of the cause in 
which they were engaged; the nature of their alle- 
giance to the King and their duty to their country, 
their families and themselves; their duty and obliga- 
tion to oppose and attack any British troops landing 
in this colony; their honor was awakened by con- 
trasting their personal value and importance against 
the importance of the British troops; their complaints 
respecting provisions were entered into, and they 
were assured the public meant to do all that could be 
done for them consistently with the nature of disci- 
pline and the calamitous situation of affairs; they 
were informed that the public could not so much dis- 
honor them as to imagine they had enlisted merely 
for pecuniary gain, but persuaded that they being ac- 
tuated with a nobler motive, all men were willing to 
believe, that they without wishing to be at ease in 
every respect, as in a regular service under an estab- 
lished and quiet Government, did not, as they could 
not in honor or conscience, desire more than absolute 
necessaries. And that, if they thought it a hardship 
to go abroad to procure provisions, the Council were 
ready to save them that trouble by deducting a rea- 
sonable sum from their pay, and supplying them with 
provisions in the manner in which the foot were fur- 
nished. They had grumbled about tents, and were 
now informed that the British troops in America dur- 
ing the last war, not only generally used but piefer- 
red huts made of bushes. Finally, encomiums were 
passed upon the progress they had made in the art 
military, and it was recommended to them in the 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 287 

strongest terms to pay the most perfect obedience to 
their officers, as the only means by which they could 
become good soldiers, and to defend those liberties 
and rights which they appeared so willing to protect. 
Hitherto there has been but little subordination. 

"To these things Mr. Tennent added assurances of 
the value of Congress currency which many people 
liad endeavored to depreciate in the opinion of the 
soldiers, and he read and commented upon the declar- 
ation of the General Congress. 

"These things being finished, we left the camp in 
apparent quiet satisliiction and content, the men on 
being discharged expressing their thanks to us. But 
about midnight, an officer stole from the camp (about 
two miles off*) and gave us the most alarming intelli- 
gence that a most dangerous mutiny had broke out 
in, and prevailed throughout the whole camp, in 
which there was no longer any command or obedience; 
that the men were in an uproar at the idea of a de- 
duction of their pay, for they had in general been 
promised provisions above their pay, and they were 
determined to quit the camp this morning and dis- 
band. Col. Thomson and Capt. Kershaw lodge with 
us; they were willing to do any thing that was 
thought proper. We consulted with them upon the 
case, and it was thought most advisable not to take 
any step in the night or for either of those officers to 
go to the camp; but that time should be allowed for 
the men to cool, and for the three Captains and other 
officers in camp to sound the men, and learn who 
would be depended upon. This measure had the effect 
we exi»ected, and this ujorning the men appeared 
quiet, and it became evident that the disorders arose 
from three or four privates of prof!igate dispositions, 

* "At the Corif^aree Creek, below Grant»y". 



■288 THE HISTORY OF 

and from improper conduct, declarations, and conver- 
sations of some officers. Capt. Woodward had incau- 
tiously at enlisting his men, made promises which 
proved grounds of discontent and disappointment, and 
yesterday had even the rashness to attempt to he 
spokesman to us in the hearing of the Rangers in fa- 
vor of their being found above their pay; and Lieu- 
tenant Dutarque, also attenjpted to inveigh against 
the cruelty of keeping men encamped without tents. 
Such topics had by these officers frequently been 
touched upon heretofore, but we have privately given 
them a lecture upon the subject, and we hope as the}' 
heard us in a proper manner, that it will have a good 
effect. From such sources, however, it is plain the 
disorder of last night arose. The Rangers were this 
morning marched from camp to this place, where Mr. 
Drayton harrangned them upon the disorder of the 
last night, attributing it to a few disorderly persons. 
who in this the first instance, would by the Colonel be 
passed over unnoticed, in hopes such lenity would 
work a reformation in them. The consequences of a 
mutinous conduct were described as tending to expose 
them to the derision of their neighbors and enemiejs. 
and to cover them and the whole corps with shame, con- 
tempt, infamy and ruin, without effecting the public 
service; for, if they should prove unworthy of the ser- 
vice, they would certainly be brought to condign pun- 
ishment, and other and more worthy rangers be found 
to supply their places. For they ought not to flatter 
themselves, that because some parts of this country 
w^ere disaffected, that therefore they could desert and 
be in places of security. If any should desert they 
must some time be off their caution and guard, and 
then they would be seized, for a reward would be put 
upon their heads — no money would be thought too 
much to ferret them out wheiesoever they should go; 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 28^ 

and dead or alive the}" would oeitainl}^ be carried to 
Charles Town. The situation of America was placed 
l)efore them. On one side of the question stood almost 
infinite numbers, supported b}^ wealth and men of 
learning and abilities to plan and execute measures to 
evercome their opponents, who, of the Americans 
were only a few men of little property and less 
knowledge and abilities to conduct affairs; and they 
were asked, if they could possibly think ther6 was any 
safety among such men. The obligation of their oath 
was strongly insisted upon; and as to provisions, it 
was declared that the officers wH)uld endeavor to en- 
courage people, of whom many were willing to sup- 
ply the camp; in which case the soldiers should pur- 
chase as they pleased in camp, where, when there 
were any provisions they should not be allowed to go 
abroad to seek what they could find at home. They 
were told, they were not now to look for rewards, but 
that they must expect them when these troubles w'ere 
over. For, as in the mean time it would be known 
who among them behaved with due obedience, and 
who conducted themselves otherwise; so, all these 
things in time to come would be remembered by the 
gentlemen below, who would in private affairs shew 
to the first all kinds of favors and acts of friendship 
whenever opportunities should offer; and they would 
carefully mark the latter, and discountenance and 
thwai't them upon every occasion. This discourse we 
flatter ourselves had a full effect. They were called 
upo!! to say what they pleased; except three men, 
they wer-e all well satisfied and contented, and showed 
the most perfect submission. These three were prop- 
erly checked, and the worst of them severely repri- 
manded and spoken to in private." 

***** :M :i: * =!= 

"As well to remove the apprehensions of the Dutch 



290 THE HISTORY OF 

settlers as those of the interior parts, that the Rangers 
were posted here to force measures; and to remove 
every idea that we came up to issue orders to plunder 
and lay waste, as well as to allow the soldiers to go 
home to places of election, and to procure necessaries, 
and to shew that we place a contidence in their good 
behavior, we have this day broken np the camp ami 
sent them to their respective homes under their offi- 
cers, with orders to repair to a new camp in Amelia 
about thirty miles below this, and to join there on the 
18th inst.,* at which place Maj. Mason is likewise un- 
der orders to appear at the same time with Capt. Pur- 
vis' Company. For the Major's personal presence in 
96 is of disservice to the public affairs." 

"With regards to Oapt. Polk, we are at present si- 
lent, but we hope you will not delay to fill up Cap- 
tain's Commissions for those two vacancies, by pro- 
moting the two eldest first Lieutenants,}- as in such a 
case Mr. Heatly will speedily procure full compliments 
of recruits for and himself. We also beg leave 

to inform you that a Surgeon's mate is necessary for 
the Rangers, although there is no provision for such a 
post by particular act of Congress, yet it may arise 

*Here is a copy of one of the orders issued by Col. Thomson to his 
captains on this occasion: (Gibbes's Documentary History, 1855, page 
127.) 

"Camp at Mineral Springs, August 7th, 1775. 
"Sir: — You are hereby ordered to give your men leave to go to their 
respective homes, and you are to order them to get their horses re- 
cruited, and themselves properly equipped, and on the 18th instant 
you are to rendezvous with your company in Amelia phice, known 
by the name of Flechall's old field, where you are to camp till furth- 
er orders. 

"From the Honorable W. H. Drayton, or 

"Your most humble servant, 

"Wm. Thomson. 
"To Capt. Robert Goodwyn." 
fThis was presently done. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 291 

from your power, as such an officer is, in our opinion 
and the Colonel's, necessary for the service. We beg 
leave to recommend Lieutenant Thomas Charlton, a 
man of experience and reputation in physic, and who 
came into the corps under an idea, that there was 
provision for such an appointment. He is worthy of 
the first post in that line in the Regiment; but being 
willing to serve the public in this cause, he is content 
with the last rank in the way of his profession." 

"P. S. The Rangers perform their exercise at least 
as well as the Regulars in Charles Towm'', &c. 

Tennent's diary: "Tuesday 8th. Spent the morn- 
ing in preparing matters, to get people together in dif- 
ferent parts of the district, crossed Congaree River 
and rode 5 miles to an election for the Congress, where 
they refused to proceed, unless we should enlighten 
them. We found persons had come a great way to 
oppose the election. Harangued the meeting in 
turns, until every man was convinced, and the great- 
est opposer signed the Association and begged pardon 
for the words he had spoken to the people. Returned 
and found that Major Mason had come. N. B. This 
morning about 11 o'clock sent off Lieutenant Dutar- 
que with the prisoners to Charleston, charged with 
our dispatches." 

Letter from Drayton to Council of Safety: 

"Congaree, August 9, 1775. 
"jTo the Council of Safety: 

"Gentlemen: — This afternoon Mr. Tennent and Col. 
Richardson sat off upon their progress on the north 
side of Broad River. Mr. Kershaw, who came from 
Camden to-day, remains to continue the progress with 
me, through the fork between Broad and Saluda 
rivers.'" 



202 



THE HISTORY OF 



"This day we procured a German audience by the 
means of a muster by the order of Col. Thomson, of 
which we informed you in our last. During our dis^ 
courses, the falling tears from the audience showed 
that their hearts were penetrated,* and that we 
might hope for success. In conclusion all who were 
present signed the Association, except fifteen persons, 
who mildly desired, nay begged to consider of the af- 
fair until Friday, when they would certainly meet me 
at the place of divine service. They have since as- 
sured me they will subscribe. All persons joined in 
the election, which we judged it necessary to postpone 
yesterday and the day before, as no persons appeared; 
and as we judged we had authority so to do, as such a 
proceeding tended to compose the people, and bind 
their obedience to the measures of the Congress by 
giving them an opportunity of electing Representa- 
tives after they understood the nature of the dispute 
in which the British Empire is engaged. 1 expect a 
large meeting on Friday next, when I expect equal 
success; by which the whole Congaree settlement will 
be made parties in our proceedings. I shall then at- 
tend two larger assemblies of the people on Saturday 
and Sunday; and I have now no doubt of success in 
the Dutch settlements".! 

"I have drawn an order upon the Council in favor of 
Mr. John Chesnut for four bundled and five pounds, 
for four horses purchased by Col. Thomson for the 
service of the progress". 

* "What would I have given to have been a spectator at the Dutch 
crying bout, with an Hogarth's i)encil in hand? one of you certainly 
must have been vastly moving, whether Tennent or yourself, we are 
much at a loss to know, for I find you have united the orators under 
the word we, and thus confounded religion and politics". — Andrew 
Marvell to William Henry Drayton. 

tHe had evidently changed his mind about the "Dutch". 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 298 

■ TenDent's diary: "Wednesday 9th, Left here about 
7, met a Company of militia and harangued them. 
They signed the Association and generally promised 
to meet Mr. Drayton in the Fork. After the meeting 
I gained over in private the most obstinate. Mr, Ker- 
shaw now came to us. Major James Mason came 
through from 96, and gave njany melancholy accounts. 
Having agreed upon our route, we separated and I 
rode four miles to Mr. Beard's on the Bank of the Sa- 
luda, a romantic situation Col. Richardson accompa- 
nies me". 

"Thursday August 10th." * * * ''Reached 
Capt. Woodward's of the Rangers after Sun Down, an 
honest man who informed that his company had uni- 
versally signed". 

Andrew Marvell, Member of Council, to Drayton:* 
*'T have mentioned youi' request respecting the vacan- 
cies in the Regulars, and the blank commissions are 
forwarded to Thomson by this conveyance." 

Tennent's diary: "Friday, 19th. Capt. Polk now 
came. We find that he has laid under some mistake 
as to his duty".-}- 

Col, Thomson and the five companies of Captains 
Wise, Kershaw, Goodwyn, Richardson and Woodward, 
duly met at the appointed place, "Flechall's old field", 
where they were soon joined by Maj. May son from the 
Congarees, and by the companies of Captains Imhoff 
and Heatly. From this camp Col. Thomson moved, 
by order of Mr. Drayton, to the "Ridge" on September 
8th. In the meantime Messrs Drayton and Tennent 
continued their progress into the up-country, and the 



* "Charleston, August 12th." 

fHe had bfeii charged with treaeliery. 



294 THE HISTORY OF 

extracts here given from various documents, will 
show how the work continued: 

Drayton's letter to the Council of Safety, from Law- 
son's Fork, August 21, 1775: "I have the honor to ac- 
knowledge receipt of your letters of 11th and 13th in- 
stant. They came to hand last night, forwarded hy 

Col. Thomson." 

********* 

"I believe Mr. Charleton expected to hold the lieu- 
tenant's commission together with that of surgeori's 
mate. I had forgot the resolution of Congress respect- 
ing one person holding two commissions; but 1 have 
acquainted Col. Thomson with the affair, who, with- 
out doubt, will transmit the explanation you expect. 

"I am happy that you approve of my putting off the 
election at Saxe Gotha; and also that you have direct- 
ed me to appoint elections for those places where 
none had been held. In my last of the 16th from. 
King's Creek, I had the honor to acquaint you, that 
neither of the districts in the Fork, between Broad 
and Saluda rivers had held any election. For the 
lower district* I have already acquainted you with 

the day of election". 

********* 

"The commissions for the volunteer companies are 
not come to hand, but I suppose they are with Col. 
Thomson, who, in all probability, will continue in his 

new camp until my arrival there." 

********* 

"Things wearing so unfavorable an appearance, 
Colonel Richardson, Mr. Kershaw, Mr. Tennent and 
myself unanimously, thought it absolutely expedient, 
to direct Captain Polk to raise an additional troop of 
rangers immediately to lie on the back of these peo- 

*The "lower district" was in Orangebiirgh District. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 295 

pie. And Mr. Tennent and myself have given direc- 
tions acfordingly. not doubting but that the necessity 
of the case will induce you to approve the measure. 
Captain Polk came to us, appeared much concerned 
for his past conduct, attributing it to a mistake touch- 
ing the station of the rangers, wiiich he had thought, 
had been by the Congress fixed to the back country 
and frontiers. He has been since active in our favor 
as a person of influence in his part of the country on 
the back of Fletchall; his brother is a man of great 
influence in Mecklenburgh, and ready to march to our 
assistance when called upon; and already Fletchall 
looked upon Captain Polk as an acquisition to his par- 
ty. Hence, to bind Captain Polk's brother, and all 
the friends of both to us; to quash FletchalFs expecta- 
tion from the Captain, and to have a troop of rangers 
on the back of FletchalFs people to watch their mo- 
tions, we all thought it absolutely necessary to direct 
the raising of this additional troop, as we apprehend- 
ed you would consider Captain Polk's letter and con- 
duct as a resignation of his commission, and that you 
had already disposed of it. In short, we have given 
Captain Polk such a lesson, which he has received 
with all due submission, as I believe will render him 
more obedient to orders, than he has been." 

"Within twelve days, I purpose to be at Colonel 
Thomson's camp, where 1 think it will be advisable 
that I should remain till I shall see every spark of in- 
surrection extinguished; but in regard to this, I shall 
regulate myself by your orders on the subject which I 
hope to receive by the time T arrive at the camp". 

The following is a copy of a letter from Maj. An- 
drew Williamson,' of the Ninety-Six militia, to Capt. 
Caldwell, of the 3rd regiment: 



296 THE HISTORY OF 

"White Hall, August 21, 1775. 

"Dear Sir: — I just now received a letter from Col. 
Thompson and Major Mayson, dated the 10th iust., at 
the Oongarees, informing me that they learn of a body 
of men going from our regiment and headed by some 
of the disaffected about Stephen's Creek, to attack Au- 
gusta. They desire me to give you every intelligence 
for the defence of Fort Charlotte, that you may be on 
your guard. I have heard nothing as yet of the above 
report, but you may depend upon it that if ever they 
make such an attempt they will have Fort Charlotte 
in their view. 

"I would take the liberty to advise you, if you 
should hear anything of the above report— that Cap- 
tain Taylor w^ould order some of his Company to rein- 
force the post. 

"I think it would not be amiss to send one of your 
men, you can put the most confidence in, to watch the 
motion of the disaffected about Stephen's Creek, and 
the Pine-a-wood House. If I learn any thing from this 
quarter you may depend upon me letting you know 
immediately — the privater this is kept the better. 1 
this moment send an express from the Council of Safe- 
ty to Mr. Hammond. Excuse me taking the liberty of 
dictating to you. I am, dear sir, 

"Your most obedient humble servt., 

"A. Williamson. 
''Captain John Cahhrell, ('<)nnii<ni(lani af Fort Charlotte.''' 

Extracts from a letter written by Mr. Drayton, "At 
Mr. Hammond's, near Augusta, Aug. 30, 1775": 

"By various accounts that 1 received on the road 
yesterday afternoon, last night, and this morning, it' 
appears to be a fact that Kirkland* is actually in arms 

*Moses Kirkland, of the fork between Broad and Saluda rivers, who 
hud been elected a captain in the Rangers, but had turned traitor. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 297 

to attack Augusta and Fort Charlotte. The King's 
men as they are called were summoned to meet yes- 
terday at a place about twenty niiles from hence; they 
separated last night, and I" am informed they will 
meet again in two or three days. They have been 
very diligent in obtaining arms. Cunningham and 
Brown are of the pai-ty. 

"In this situation of affairs, by virtue of your letter 
of the eleventh instant, I have ordered out three com- 
panies nenr this place to assemble immediately, and 
who will be joined by one hundred men from Augusta. 
I have ordered Major Williamson to march with three 
hundred men to Harden's Ford on Savannah River 
about thirty miles above this place. I have also or- 
dered Col. Thomson to march his Rangers, and as near 
three hundred militia as he can, and take post at the 
Ridge; and Col. Richardson, with three hundred men, 
to take post near the mouth of Enoree, to be a check 
on Fletchall's people, in case they should show any in- 
tention of assisting Kirkland". 

Mr. Tennent's diary of about the same date says: 
"This evening our little detachment of 200 men 
marched about eight miles to Foxes Creek, having 
news that Major Williamson was on his way to 96. 
and Col. Thomson in full march with the Rangers and 
Militia to join them*'. 

The following is an order issued by Mr. Tennent to 
Capt. John Caldwell comnjanding a detachment of 
the 3rd regiment, and some militiamen, at Fort Char- 
lotte: 

''Long Canes, September, 1775. 
'To Capt. John Caldwell, at present in Fori Charlotte: 

"Sir:- This is to dii-ect you to employ six workmen 
to build platforms for Hghting the cannon and small 
arms in the Fort you at present command, and as ex- 



298 THE HISTORY OF 

peditiously as possible, to put it into the repair direct- 
ed by orders from Major Mason, bearing date August 
6th, 1775, now in your possession. You are to emploj^ 
the men under your command to assist the workmen 
in the labor. You are also ordered to )nount two of 
the best four-pounders on high wheels, that they be 
fit for either field or fort service, as need may require 
— shafts and collars being provided for them that they 
may be easily drawn with horses. For these you are 
to provide two ammunition boxes, cartridges, fuses, 
and all that may be needful for a march, and so fitted 
as to fasten on the carriages. Take great care that no 
man enter the Fort on any pretence, that you do not 
know and in whom you cannot place confidence. Be 
much upon your guard against surprise, especially in 
the night; for this purpose, as often as convenient, 
order out advanced sentinels and patrols. You are to 
clear away the standing corn to some distance from 
the Fort, and insist that the corn which is left be 
bladed and topped, nor leave any cover that may hide 
an enemy. In case of an alarm, and when the ap- 
proach of an enemy is no longer dubious, you are to 
fire three cannon towards the thickest settlements as 
a signal; communicating timely notice of the same to 
the volunteer and other companies of militia that 
they may understand it, which companies are hereby 
ordered immediately to assemble and march under 
the command of their respective officers to your re- 
lief, or so to annoy the enemy as the service may re- 
quire. And, whereas, there is a great scarcity of am- 
munition among the militia, and an attack from In- 
dians is to be apprehended, you are directed to give 
out 150 lbs. weight of the powder, and lead in propor- 
tion, under your care to the captains of the volunteer 
and other militia companies in the upper part of this 
district, who have associated, taking a receipt from 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 299 

them, and directing them so to dispose it among their 
men, as that it may be returned upon demand when 
it shall be apprehended that the danger is over. But 
when a supply of fresh powder shall be sent up by the 
Council of Safety, you are to exchange the fresh pow- 
der pound for pound for the old pow^derthat you have 
already given out to as many as offer the same for an 
exchange. You are also ordered to dismiss your 
horses for the present, and not hazard your men by a 
grass guard; but the horses are not to be sent to such 
a distance as that they cannot be commanded within 
the space of a day and a half." 

From "St. Mathew's Parish, Sept. 10, 1775", Mr. 
Tennent wrote the following to the ''Council of Safety 
in Savannah'" : "Being on my return from the frontiers 
of South Carolina, where the Honorable Mr. Drayton 
and myself were sent by the Council of Safety of our 
Province, I think it my duty to acquaint you that 
there exists in those parts a most dangerous conspira- 
cy against the lives and liberties of these Colonies. 
Encouraged by Government and by the tories in your 
town and in Charlestown they have gone to great 
lengths. They do not hesitate to boast that they are 
furnished with ammunition and that even artillery 
are at their service any day. This I have by a trusty 
friend from Cunningham's mouth. I have great rea- 
son to think that they are mistaken when they boast 
of many thousands ready to come down at the Gover- 
nor's signal — but that they have some hundreds actu- 
ally enlisted, if not under pay, 1 make not the least 
doubt. That they depend upon the Cherokee nation 
to join their camp when it forms, and have great 
hopes of the Creeks, they do not pretend to keep any 
longer a secret. I am in possession of an affidavit by 
which it appears that the malcontents on the frontiers 



300 THE HISTORY OF 

expect to gather into forts, and suffer the savages to 
pass on and massacre the associated inhabitants. By 
these circumstances, you gentlemen, will see the ne- 
cessity of an immediate effort to crush the sedition, 
and save an effusion of innocent blood to the danger 
of these Provinces, and especially of the aid which you 
have already given to that important measure. It 
will be prudent to have at least one thousand five 
hundred, if not two thousand men, at hand when it is 
done; and a number not far short of that is, I hope, 
by this time in motion in the unhappy district."* 

Drayton's letter, of Sept. 11th, from Ninety-Six, de- 
tails fears of an attack by Fletchall. He says; "I im- 
mediately consulted with Major Mason, Major Wil- 
liamson, and Capt. Hammond. We had a choice of 
three steps; to retreat towards Col. Thomson then at 
the Ridge — to defend Ninety-Six or to march and am- 
buscade the enemy." After detailing his arrange- 
ments for resisting this expected attack he goes on: 
"Fletchall, Brown and Cunningham have been, since 
the first alarm that I wrote you of, and still are en- 
deavoring to assemble men, as they yet have no force 
embodied; it is plain their influence is declining, and 
that their people are terrified. And this last, I assure 
you, is a fact. They never dreamed we would take 
the field; they thought their boast of 4.000 would en- 
sure their security against us. And T have well 
grounded information, that the assembling they are 
now endeavoring to make, is with a view to make 
terms of accommodation, so as they may be quiet and 
trade in Charles Town, rather than with any design 
of fighting. I think Cunningham had only an hun- 
dred men at the meeting which gave occasion for our 

*The regiments of Thomson, Richardson, &<•. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. SOI 

late alarm;* and even these, I have received certain 
intelligence, have no determination. In three days I 
shall begin to march into the heart of FletchaU's quar- 
ters with about 800 men and 6 pieces of canon. I can 
now, in all human probability, promise to you, that 
this cruel opposition will be crushed without blood 
spilt in battle; and if I shall be unhappily mistaken 
on this point^ — the opposition, to all human appear- 
ance, will be rooted out without risk on our side." 

"P. S. I expect Col. Thomson will arrive here to- 
morrow morning." 

How much of a prophet Mr. Drayton was, is shown 
by the fact that three days later, on September 16th, 
1775, a treaty was signed at Ninety-Six, between 
Drayton and the Tories, whereby the Tories promised 
to disperse and remain neutral, and to deliver up any 
one of their number who should in any way violate 
the treaty. And it was further agreed that, "all per- 
sons who shall not consider themselves as bound by 
this treaty must abide by the consequences". Col. 
Thomson and Capt. Kershaw were present on this oc- 
casion, and signed as witnesses to the treaty. 

The following is extracted from the report which 
Mr. Drayton sent the next day to the Council of Safe- 
ty: "On Tuesday I found, that the 100 men Cunning- 
ham had on Sunday were but the first of a large par- 
ty that had been summoned to meet at Neal's Mill, 
about ten miles over Saluda. About 3 o'clock on 
Tuesday afternoon, I was joined at Ninety-Six by Col. 
Thomson and a few of his militia. It was Wednesday 
before I was joined by any of Major Williamson's reg- 
iment, and it was Thursday before I was joined by 



*This is juK.tlier evidence of the fact that the Tories were few in 
number. 



302 THE HISTORY OF 

any considerable number of it. hi the mean time, the 
enemy increased in numbers, at least as fast as I did, 
and by the best accounts I could depend upon, they 
increased faster. Fletchall joined them on Tuesday 
night. In the mean time, on Tuesday evening I 
placed all the troops in camp, about three-fourths of a 
mile from Ninety-Six. I caused the most exact order 
to be observed, even in an army composed of militia 
in a manner. The advanced posts are regularly and 
punctually kept all around the camp; and it is not 
only surprising, but it must be animating to the peo- 
ple of this country, that this army, never in service 
before, and now about 1,100 strong, obey punctually, 
keep good order in camp, are cheerful and content — 
even although we have had constant rains since we 
have been encamped. Till yesterday, this army did 
not exceed 900 strong, and by the best accounts I 
could learn, Fletchall's camp removed to about four 
miles on the other side Saluda, contained from 1,200 to 
1,400 badly armed and under no order or command. 
Our people were impatient to be led against them — 
but as I saw if I advanced to attack, many lives must 
be lost, and I found I had a perfect command over our 
people, and could keep them together as long as I 
pleased — as I had every reason to think the enemy 
being under no command, and having no regular sup- 
plies of provision, and the weather being bad, that 
they could not keep long together, and that having 
their greatest influx, their numbers would then ebb 
and diminish; these considerations determined me, 
with the perfect appiobation of Col. Thomson, Maj. 
Williamson and Capt. Hammond, to continue en- 
camped, and to watch their motions. With this view, 
I put every thing in practice to persuade the enemy 
that I would persevere in this plan; and, among other 
devices, I sent a letter directed to Col. Richardson, in 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 303 

order that they should intercept it. I put forth a 
declaration on the 13th, which I inclose, together with 
the affidavit on w hich T grounded it. The declaration 
was publicly read in their camp the next day. This, 
together with a series of negociations, procured a dep- 
utation froui their camp to me: and yesterday the 
deputies being in my camp, I drew up, and, with them, 
signed the enclosed instrument dated the 16th of Sep- 
tember." 

"With this treaty, the spirit of discord is gone forth 
among them, and there is now a great quarrel between 
Fletchall and Cunningham. All the people in a man- 
ner approve of Fletchall's conduct, and they are, this 
morning, all gone off with him. Cunningham is now 
left at their camp with only about 60 men, who, I sup- 
pose, will soon disperse. I am persuaded Fletchall 
and his people will be true, and I make no doubt but 
that the affair is now crushed. I have employed peo- 
ple to watch Cunningham, and if he offends, he will be 
delivered up or taken by us to be proceeded against. 
Kirkland stands excepted from the benefit of the trea- 
ty* — they have nothing to do with him, they disclaim 
all communication with him. And I continue to pur- 
sue him. It is apprehended he may get on board the 

man-of-war."f 

********* 

"1 mean to stay here with the rangers some days". 
* * * ■•• * "In the mean time, I shall, 
to-morrow^, send off a company of rangers, in order to 
quiet the fears of the people above, but with orders 
not to advance anything near the Indian line". 

*Kirklaiid signed the Association, accepted a captain's conmiission 
in tlie Colony regiment of rangers (the 3rd regiment), deserted, and 
afterwards endeavored to be chosen a delegate for Ninety-Six District, 
wliich he never accomplished, bnt tinally tied the Colony. 

fWhich he did. 



304 THE HISTORY OF 

Col. Thomson left seven companies at Ninety-Six 
with orders to march farther back into the country, 
but not to go within fifteen miles of the Indian coun- 
try, and after that, to repair to their homes in order 
to recruit themselves and their horses, and finally to 
join him in camp at Amelia on the 24th of October. 

Nothing more now remaining for Mr. Drayton to do, 
he returned to Charlestown, but a portion of the arm- 
ed force was left in the fork to watch the movements 
of the Tories; and on Nov. 2nd Col. Richardson wrote 
the following, from his camp near McLaurin's, to the 
Council of Safety: "I am now joined by Col. Thomas 
with about two hundred, Col. Neel as many. Col. 
Lyles about one hundred, together with Col. Thom- 
son's regiments of rangers and militia, with my own, 
may make in the whole about 2,500; and 1 received, 
last night, accounts of Col, Polk being near with six 
hundred. An army, if it was a favorable time of the 
year might go or do anything requii-ed, wliich I hope 
we shall. I hear of their moving about, but yet have 
made no opposition." 

Everything appearing quiet some of the troops went 
to their homes, but scarcely had they reached them 
before the troubles in Ninety-Six District broke out 
afresh. Capt. Robert Cuningham, a man of wealth 
and influence in the District, having refused to be 
bound by the treaty, was arrested and taken to Charles- 
town, Immediately bis brother Patrick laised a party, 
and attempted to overtake the officers having him in 
charge, for the purpose of rescuing him. Failing in 
this they seized upon some powder which the Council 
of Safety was just then sending through their District 
to the Cherokee Indians, and made prisoners of the 
guard of twenty rangers and the officers. 

The following aflidavit, to be found on page 97 of 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 305 

Moultrie's Menioii's, gives an accurate account of the 
seizure: 

"■South CaroliuH, \ 
"Ninety-six District. ( 

'"Personally appeared before nie, 
James Mayson, one of his majesty's justices of the 
peace, for the district aforesaid: Moses Cotter, of the 
Congarees, waggoner, who being duly sworn on the 
holy evangelist, of Almighty (Tf)d, makes oath, and 
says, that on Tuesday morning last, at about 9 o'clock 
he left the Congarees, with his waggon, containing the 
ammunition that was delivered him in Charlestown, 
by the honorable the council of safety, to carry to 
Keowee under an escort of Col. Thomson's rangers 
consisting of Lieut. Col.* Charleton and Mr. Uriah 
Goodwin, a cadet, 2 sergeants and 18 privates, and 
continued on their journey there, without the least 
molestatit)n or interruption, until about noon this day, 
when the deponent perceiving some men on horse- 
back, ahead of the waggon, came towards hira: a few 
minutes after, two of Patrick Cunningham's men, 
coming up to the deponent and asking him what he 
had in his waggon, the deponent answered, rum: 
Then up came a large body of armed men. in number, 
I suppose, at least one hundred and fifty, headed by 
Patrick Cunningham and Ja(*ob Bowman. Cunning- 
ham ordered his men to hair, and then came up to 
the deponent and said, I order you to stop your wag- 
gon in his majesty's name, as 1 understand you have 
ammunition for the Indians to kill us. and 1 am come 
on purpose to take it in his majesty's name. He then 
ordered the deponent to take off his waggon cloth, 
which he r-efused; upon which Cunningham mounted 
the waggon himself, loosed the strings of the cloth. 

*He WHSoiilv !i liiMihiiaiit. 



806 THE HISTORY OF 

and took up a keg of the powder; 'there,' said he, 'is 
what we are in search of.' I immediately took the 
keg from him and laid it in the waggon. Cunningham 
said, 'it is in vain for you to attempt to hinder us from 
taking this animiinition, as you have no arms;' then 
he handed out every keg to his men who were along- 
side the waggon and prepared with bags to receive it; 
after they finished with the powder, he, with Messrs 
Griffin and Owen, and several others, took out the 
lead which they unfolded, cut into small pieces with 
their tomahawk's, and distributed it among the men. 
When the rangers were at some distance behind the 
waggon, and were riding up i>retty fast, Cunning- 
ham's party said, 'there comes the liberty caps; damn 
their liberty caps, we will soon blow them to hell'; and 
such like scurrilous language. Cunningham's men, as 
soon as Lieut. Charleton came up wnth his guard, re- 
treated behind trees on the road side, and called out to 
him to stop and not to advance one step further, other- 
wise they would blow out his brains; at the same 
time, a gun was fired by one of their men, but did no 
damage. Lieut, Charleton, with his men, were soon 
surrounded by the opposite party, with their rifles 
presented, who said, 'don't move a step; deliver up 
your arms, otherwise we will immediately fire upon 
you.' Lieut. Charleton continued moving on, when 
Cunningham's men marched up to him, with their 
rifles presented at him, and repeated, 'deliver up your 
arms without moving one step further, or you are a 
dead man;' they then took his arms, together with 
his men's; afterwards they tied Lieut. Charleton, Mr. 
Goodwin, and William Witherford, a private, by their 
arms. 

"Lieut. Charleton seemed very much displeased at 
their behavior, and said 'he would rather have been 
shot, than used in such a manner, had he expected it; 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 307 

that be did not value his own life: thought he had 
acted prudent by not onleiing his men to fire on them, 
as it would be throwing away their lives, without an- 
swering any good pui[iose; especially as their party 
were so numerous, that he was sorry to see them be- 
have in such a base manner, and that he would very 
willingly turn out his party against twice the number 
of theirs, and give them battle:' Cunningham and 
Bowman, some little time after asked Lieut. Charle- 
ton. 'whether if they wei'e to unloose him he would 
be upon his honor, not to go off:' to which he replied. 
*I scorn to run, and all your force cannot make me;' 
they then marched off with the ammunition, and the 
'prisoners,' (as they called them,) and left the depo- 
nent, desiring him to return to the Congarees: but as 
soon as they were out of sight he took a horse from 
out the waggon and came to Ninety-six. to inform 
me of what had happened, and where he arrived this 
night about 8 o'clock. This unfortunate accident of 
taking the ammunition, happened IS miles below 
Ninety-six. 

'"Moses Cotter. 

'"Sworn, before me, this / i, .,.^, Mo,,u^..i t p "' 
oi £ \t irv^r ' ; James iVlavson, J. r. 

3d of Nov. 17^5. ^ * 

The news of this insurrection being laid before the 
Provincial Congress, that body, on the 7th of Novem- 
ber, ordered Col. Richardson forthwith to assemble 
six companies of rangers. Captain Ezekiel Polk's com- 
pany of volunteers, draughts of militia from Richard- 
son's, Thomson's,* Savage's, Neel's and Thomas's regi- 
ments, and with such troops pursue such instructions 
as should, from time to time, by order of the Congress, 

*At the time that Col. Thomson was made lieiiteiiaiit-ooloiiel of the 
Haufiers, he eommaixh-d tlie militia ivj>iment of Oraiijidniijih Dis- 
trict. < 'hristoph«T l{o\vc was lieiitenant-coloiicl, ami Lewis (Jolson 
major. 



308 THE HISTORY OF 

or the Council of Safety for the time being, be signi- 
fied to him by the President. 

In the meantime, Maj. Andrew Williamson had, as 
soon as he heai-d of this seizure, begun to enjbody the 
militia for the purpose of recovering tlie powder and 
lead, and of apprehending the oifenders. The Council 
of Safety at once thanked Maj. Williamson for em- 
bodying the militia, advised him of the instructions 
that had been given to Col. Hichardson, and directed 
him, with the militia under his command, to act 
against the insurgents with the utmost vigor. 

Major Williamson lay encamped near Ninety-Six 
for almost two weeks, receiving the militia who came 
in, and waiting for the rangers. The Tories were dili- 
gent on their part, and by circulating a report to the 
effect that the Council of Safety had intended the am- 
munition which was seized, for the Indians to murder 
the whites with, they gained a considerable following. 
But notwithstanding their force, Maj. Williamson did 
not believe that they would dare attack him; and he 
continued encamped in this persuasion, until the 18th 
of November, when, in the evening of that day, he re- 
ceived certain information, that the insurgents were 
in full march upon him; and that they were actually 
crossing Saluda river in order to attack him. At this 
time. Major Mayson, who had been in the neighbor- 
hood with thirty-seven of the rangers, joined Major 
Williamson. Maj. Williamson would have marched 
to attack their camp in the night, but was overruled 
by Major Mayson and a council of war, who preferred 
to erect breast-works, and fortify themselves near the 
Ninety-Six court house and jail. It was also hoped, 
that by taking this position, opportunities would be 
furnished for reinforcements of militia, and of Col. 
Thomson's arriving with the remainder of his rangers. 
Hardly had their foi-titications been erected, when the 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 309 

enemy appeared in force, at about eleven o'clock on 
the morning of the 19th of November, and taking 
possession of tiie conrt house and jail, they advanced 
troops, ajid completely invested the stockade fort. 
Maj. Williamson then dispatched an officer with a flag 
to Maj. Joseph liobinson and Captain Patrick Cun- 
ningham, who appeared to be the leaders, and de- 
manded their intentions: but they refused to confer 
with anyone save the con)manding officers. Major 
Mayson and Captain John Bowie were then sent out, 
and they were met midway between tlie two parties 
by Robinson. Cuningham and Evan McLaurin* on 
the part of the enemy. The Tories insisted upon an 
immediate surrender of arms, and a disbanding of 
the assembled militia. Just as Major Mayson and 
Capt. Bowie had returned to the fort and made their 
report, the Tories seized two of Williamson's men: 
upon which Major Williamson gave orders to rescue 
them and a general tiring commenced from the fort, 
which v\as answered by the Tories. For two hours 
and a half the firing on both sides was incessant, but 
from that time until night, it was less severe. During 
the night, the fort kept up a firing to discourage any 
attempt on the part of the besiegers to fire the fort. 
On the next day (Monday), almost as heavy a fire was 
commenced, and continued, as had lieen kept up the 
afternoon before: and the besiegers endeavored to use 
mantilets which they had constructed, for the purpose 
of approaching the fort, to fire it: but not being able 
to advance them so as to cover their approaches, they 
were destroyed. The firing, however, only slackened 

*N()iie of those who had ssi^iied tlu' treaty of Nitiety-Six, on ►Sep- 
tember Ifith, when William Henry Drayton hrought them to terms, 
took any open part in this affair, save McLaurin, who, with the 
treachery charaeteristie of his clan, had violated the treaty which he 
liad signed on that occasion. 



310 THE HISTORY OF 

with the night, and on Tuesday it was recommenced, 
and continued until about sunset, when the Tories 
displayed a white flag from the jail, tuid called a par- 
ley. Strange to say, the Tories then sent a messenger 
to again demand a surrender. To tliis demand Capt. 
Bowie carried a negative answer, and in two hours he 
returned with ('apt. Cuningham, who went into the 
fort and fully discussed the matter with the command- 
ing officers; after which it was determined that a con- 
ference should take place the next morning. At the 
conference the next morning it was agreed that hos- 
tilities should cease. The following is a copy of the 
treaty signed upon that occasion:* 

•'1st. That hostilities shall immediately cease on 
both sides. 

''2nd. That Major Williamson and Major Mayson 
shall march their men out of the Fort and deliver up 
their swivels.f 

"3rd. That the Fort shall be destroyed flat without 
damaging the houses therein, under the inspection of 
Capt. Patrick Cunninghanj and John Bowie, Esq., and 
the well filled up. 

"4th. That the differences between the people of 
this District and others disagreeing about the present 
public measures shall be submitted to his Excellency, 
our Governor, and the Council of Safety, and for that 
purpose that each party shall send dispatches to their 
superiors — that the dispatches shall be sent unsealed 



*Gibbes's Docuiueiitary Hisstory, 1764 — 177H, jjage.s 214, 215; Dni.y- 
ton's Memoirs, Vol. II, pages 148, 149. 

fBy a secret article of the treaty it was agreed that tiie swivels 
should be returned in a day or two. Tliis mock surrender of swiv- 
els was agreed upon by the leaders to appease a large party of the l)e- 
siegers, who insisted, that if the swivels were not given up, they 
would abide l>v no articles. — Drayton's Memoirs, Vol. II, page 120. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 311 

and the niesseiigei* of each part}^ shall pass unmolest- 
ed. 

"5th. That Major Hobinson shall withdraw his men 
over Saluda, and there keep them embodied or dis- 
perse them as he pleaseth until his Excellency's or- 
ders be known. 

"6th. That no person of either part}^ shall in the 
meantime be molested by the other party either in 
going home or otherwise. 

"7th. Should any reinforcements arrive to Major 
Williamson or Major Mayson, they also shall be bound 
by this cessati(m. 

"Sth. That twenty days be allowed for the return 
of the messengers. 

"9th. That all prisoners taken by either party since 
the second day of this instant shall be immediately 
set at liberty. 

"In witness whereof the parties to these articles 
have set their hands and seals at Ninety-six this twen- 
ty-second day of Novetnber, one thousand seven hun- 
dred and seventy-five, and in the .sixteenth year of his 
Majesty's reign. 

"Present, Joseph Robinson. 

"Patrick Cunningham. A. Wm. Son. 

"Richard Pearis. James Mayson. 

"Andrew Pickens. 
"John Bowie." 

On the 24th. Major Mayson directed a letter to Col. 
Thomson detailing an account of the siege and treaty: 
and on the 25th Maj. Willianison wrote Mr. Drayton 

* "Major Robinson's mess('n<;t'r, or a ihtsou who pretfiids to he the 
messetifier, and ealls hijnself Flo.vd, lias ai»i)eare<l before ns, and de- 
dared tliat heinji' dnink, he liad h)st all liis papers at ()ran,u('bur<>-." 
— Kxtraet from letter of Henry Laurens to Maj. Andrew Williamson, 
.Journal of (V>uneil, Dee. ")th, 177"), Colleetions S. (". Hist. Soe., Vol. 
in, i)aKe4,s. 



812 THE HISTORY OF 

an account of the affair, in which he stated that Maj. 
Mayson with thirty-seven of the rangers, were with 
him;* and by the '"Report of the Militia and Volun- 
teers on duty in the Fortified Oanjp at Ninety-Six on 
Sunday the Nineteenth November, 1775, under the 
Command of Major Andrew Williamson, by order of 
the Honorable the Provincial Congress."}- it appears 
that Lieutenant Hugh Middleton,of the 3rd regiment, 
and two privates of his company were also there. 

At the time Major Williamson was being besieged 
by the Tories at Ninety-Six, Colonel Richardson had 
commenced his march against them, in pursuance of 
the orders he had received from the Provincial Con- 
gress; and in doing so, he was directing bis course to- 
wards the middle, or the upper part of Col. Fletchall's 
command, over Broad River. But, as soon as he was 
apprized of Williamson's investment, he changed his 
route, and proceeded by forced marches to the Conga- 
ree river, over which he crossed his troops; and on 
Novembei- 27th he addressed th^; following letter to 
Mr. Drayton: 

"Camp near Congarees, Nov. 27th, 1775. 
"Sir: — I arrived at this place last night, and take the 
earliest moment I can spare to write you this, as I 
have been very busy in getting the men's wagons, &c., 
over the river, which I shall scarcely complete to-mor- 
row. The route 1 intended to have taken was very 
different from the one 1 at first anticipated; as wdien 1 
heard of the fort at Ninety-Six being besieged, 1 alter- 
ed my march, in order to make what speed I could to 
relieve them; but they had concluded articles too 
soon, for a possibility of my reaching them. Perhaps 

*Gibbes's Documentary History, 17f)4 — 1776, page 216. 
fCiibbes's Documentary History, 1764 — 1776, page 221; Drayton's 
Memoirs, Vol. II, page 150. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 313 

it may be said in Congress why did not Col. Thomson 
go and relieve theni? I answer, he could not. was not 
ahle. nor liad timely notice if he had been. We have 
yet received no accounts from there but what I here- 
with enclose a copy of, together with a letter from Mr. 

McLanrin, which was sent to-day to Col. Thomson." 

********* 

"1 cannot ascertain the number, of my men, as I* 
have not, from the bustle, been able to obtain regular 
returns. a:nd which, I believe, at this time, amount to 
about one thousand, with daily additions, and soon 
expect^ as many more." * f * * "Though we 
hear the opposers are very numerous and violent and 
desperate, yet hope in a little time to give you a more 
full account of our army and our opposers, who are 
now much elated and carry a high hand. But though 
much, very much, depends upon this campaign, do not 

be under two great apprehension for the event." 

********* 

"P. S. After I wrote and sealed, about 12 o'clock last 
night we were alarmed by some of our rangers, which 
we had sent light to discover where Col. Thomas was, 
who, I heard, was on his way, in a dangerous part; 
they came to him about 22 miles from us, who had 
three prisoners. Lieut. Boykin, who commanded that 
light detachment of rangers, reported that Col. Thom- 
as had stopped about dark to take a mouthful and re- 
fresh, intending then to drive on while he (Boykin) 
was there. Col. Thomas received a letter, informing 
him that Major Robinson was pursuing him with a 
thousand men. and would be cut off before he crossed 
the river. I immediately detached a party of rangers, 
volunteers and militia, sufficient I hope to sustain 
him. This evening have not yet heard; think, if 
proper instructions be given to look sharp for Robin- 
son in his way to town, it would be a great mattei; 



314 THE HISTORY OF 

to get hill] without his putting himself in your power: 
a good watch at Dorchester, and other places may se- 
cure him, for, T think, it will he his only refuge soon." 
Whether this suggestion of placing a "good watch" 
at Dorchester was followed out, we know not, but cer- 
tain it is that Captains Purves and Imhoff, of the Ran- 
gers, were about that time stationed at Dorchester.* 
•and kept there for some weeks. 

On November 2Sth Col. Thomson addressed the fol- 
lowing letter to Henry Laurens:! 

"Camp, Congaree, Nov. 28th, 1775. 

"Honored Sir: — You will see by the enclosed that 
our party and the opposite have had an engagement, 
and came to a cessation of arms on the 22d: and you 

* "Read a letter from Captain Peyer Imhoff, of the Raiijjers, dated 
Dorchester, 14th Decemher, 1775, inclosiiij; return." — .Journal of Coun- 
cil of Safety, Dec. 14th, 1775. 

"O/Y/f/Tf/, That Capt. Peyer Imhoff he supplied with about one 
hundred yards of the cloth imported for the public, to clothe his com- 
pany of rangers, and that he be desired to procure Doct. (.'hauler's ac- 
counts for attending sick rangers, properly certified, to be laid before 
the board." — .Journal of Council of Safety, Dec. 15th, 1775. 

"Read a letter from Captain Jolin Purves, of the regiment of Ran- 
gers, dated 22nd December, 1775." 

^^Ordered, That Capt. Purves, of the Rangers upon duty at Dor- 
chester, have leave of absence, not exceeding three weeks." 

"To Capt. John Purves, the pay-bill of his company of Rangers, 
from 20th November to 20th December, at Dorchester,... 850 00 0." 

"Capt. Peyer Imhoff, the pay-bill of his company at Dorchester, 
same time, 656 10 0." 

"On the last two orders, liie treasurers were desired to take especial 
care that those pay-bills be not included in other account.^ — they hav- 
ing been issued upon an extraordinary occasi«vn." — .Journal of Coun- 
cil of Safety, Dec. 23rd, 1775. 

tThis letter had evidently not reached the President of the Council 
of Safety by December 2nd, for in a letter to Maj. Williamson, of 
that date, Mr. Laurens wrote: "As we have not heard properly, eith- 
er from Col. Richardson, or Col. Thomson, we cannot account for 
their slow progress. When we learn their strength and plan for uni- 
ting their forces, we shall immediately give orders for such operations 
as we hope will prove effectual." 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 315 

will perceive how dilatory they were, in giving us in- 
formation of it. The moment I received it from above, 
I acquainted Col. Richardson with the same, who was 
then about eight miles distant from us, and joined me 
about four hours after. We immediately summoned 
our officers and held a consultation on the following 
propositions: 

"1st. 'Whether according to our orders in the pres- 
ent situation, the cessation of arms stipulated between 
Col. Mayson, Major Williamson, and Mr. Bowie on our 
side, and Mr. Cunningham, Mr. Robinson, and others, 
on the [)art of the others, have any weight upon our 
operations. Carried in the negative. 

"2d. 'As we have been informed of a kind of cessa- 
tion of arms between the contending parties, if it be 
not necessary to acquaint the Congress therewith and 
ask their advice. Affirmative. 

"3rd. 'As we have heard that troops were, or are 
now assembled, near Augusta, at the Cherokee Ponds, 
whether it may not be necessary for them to be de- 
sired to advance and meet us at some convenient 
place appointed, and a letter dispatched for that pur- 
pose. Affirmative. 

"4th. 'Which may be the njost necessary route to 
order our march, and the destination of the wagons 
now on the other side of the river. 

•'5th. 'Whether if they can be come at, it may not 
be prudent to take Cunningham, Robinson, and Pearis, 
in custody, though they are the persons acceding to 
the cessation of arnjs at Ninety-Six, and the best 
method to be pursued for that end.' 

"By order of Colonel Richardson, I marched with 
my regiment of rangers on Monday last, with about 
one hundred of the draughted militia to this place. 
Col. Richardson gave orders for draughting two hun- 



316 THE HISTORY OF 

dred men, which orders I directed the officers of lu}' 
militia to distribute, but was unfortunate enough to 
raise but about one hundred, and those collected from 
three companies in my own neighborhood. When the 
Sergeants warned the draughted people about Orange- 
burgh and the Congarees, they seemed very insolent, 
asked which camps they were to join, and, in fact, did 
as much as to declare themselves King's men, as they 
term it. The same dissatisfaction seems to have 
reigned amongst a part of Col. Richardson's people. 
But I am persuaded, after all their murmuiings, we 
shall have a sufficient number of men to vanquish all 
the disaffected people in South Carolina, and I hope 
Col. Eichardson will have orders so to do before we 
break up. As 1 have heard several of the officers and 
men declare, that they would never take up arms 
again, unless the militia who have been diaughted 
and do not appear, are made to suffer by fine or other- 
wise, and they have the liberty to subdue the enemies 
of America, as they observe that those who are not 
for America, are undoubtedly against it. Such dis- 
courses we hear spreading through our camps, and I 
have reason to believe is their determination. 

"We have had great uneasiness amongst them, when 
the news arrived of the cessation of arms, and we 
have no other means of appeasing their disturbed 
minds, but by signifying that the cessation of arms 
was not binding on us, and so forth. 

"I have some reason to believe that the late mob 
has privately murdered people in the woods who had 
been our associates. I imagine w-e shall march from 
here to-morrow, to the Forks betw^een Broad and Sa- 
luda rivers. If any pai't of this you think will prove 
of service to the country, I beg you would show it to 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 317 

the Congress; such other parts of it, beg you would 
treat as from a friend. 

"I am, honored sir, 

"Your very humble servant, 

"Wm. Thomson.* 

*'P. S. I believe part of the disaffection among the 
people at Orange burgh, proceeded part from cov^^ard- 
ice, and part from the speeches of disappointed gen- 
tlemen in our parish. But I hope to have the liberty 
of putting the militia law in force against the defaul- 
ters, and that I shall see their expectations frustra- 
ted." 

That "the disaffection among the people at Orange- 
burgh" was of short duration, is proved by subsequent 
events. 

From his "Camp near Congarees", Col. Richardson 
wrote, on November 30, to Mr. Drayton: "We have 
now, at least one thousand men, and are still increas- 
ing, and intend entering the Fork of Broad and Salu- 
da rivers this day." 

Reaching Ninety-Six a few days later. Col. Richard- 
son issued the following proclamation: 

"South Carolina. 

"Whereas, on the third day of November 
last past, Patrick Cunningham, Henry O'Neal, Hugh 
Blown, David Russe, Nathaniel Howard, Henry Green, 
and sundry other persons, did, in Ninety-six District, 
raise a dangerous insurrection and commotion, and 
did, near Mine Creek, in said District, felloniously 
take and carry away a quantity of ammunition, the 
property of the public, and in contempt of public au- 
thority, and did also, with further aid. and by force of 

* "To William Good wyn, express tVoni Col. Thomson, £33. 00."— 
.lounial of Couiifil of Safety, Dec. .')tli, 1775, Collectioiis of the K. C. 
Hist. Soe., Vol. Ill, pajieoO. 



318 THE HISTORY OF 

arms, on the nineteenth, twentieth and twenty-first 
clays of said month of November at Ninety-Six, in the 
District aforesaid, attack, besiege, kill and wound a 
number of the good people of this Colony, and iu 
manifest violation of peace and good order, and breach 
of a solemn treaty entered into on the eighteenth day 
of September last, made and concluded between the 
Honorable William Henry Drayton, on the one part, 
and Col. Thomas Fletchall and others, on the other 
part, thereby becoming guilty of the atiocicus crimes 
of robbery, murder and breach of treaty of peace. To 
satisfy public justice in the just punishment of all 
which crimes and offences, as far as the nature of the 
same will admit, I am now come into these parts, in 
the name and behalf of the Colonies to demand of the 
inhabitants, the delivery up of the bodies of all the 
principal offenders herein, together with the said am- 
munition and full restitution for the ravages commit- 
ted, and also the arms and ammunition of all the aid- 
ers and abettors of those robbers, murderers, and dis- 
turbers of the peace and good order as aforesaid; and, 
in case of refusal or neglect, for the space of five 
days, I shall be under a necessity of taking such steps 
as will be found disagreeable, but which T shall cer- 
tainly put in execution for the public good. 

"Given under my hand this eighth dav of Decem- 
ber, 1775." 

That the Council of Safety meant to spare no ex- 
pense to quell the disaffection of the non-associa- 
tors, the following extract from its proceedings will 
show: 

"Upon the accounts of Mr. John Chesnut, Paymas- 
ter of the Regiment of Rangers, the order was drawn 
in the words following: 

"Gentlemen — Please to order the above accounts 
and the several accounts therein referred to, to be 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 319 

carefully examined; and if found free from error, pay 
the above mentioned sum of £9850, 7s. Hd. to Mr. 
Aaron Loocock, on behalf of Mr. John Chesnut, Pay- 
master of the Regiment of Hangers, and charge to the 
proper account. 

"By order of the Council of Safety. 

"Henry Laurens, President. 
''To John NeiifvilU', Peter Bacot, William Gibbes, esqs., 
Coirnnissioners of the Co/o)/i/ Tt'ea-suri/.^"'^ 

A few days after the surrender of Ninety-Six, Maj. 
May son repaired to Charlestown,f and on the 7th of 
December he addressed the following letter to the 
Council of Safety::J: 

■'Charlestown, 7th December 1775. 
"Gentlemen, 

"It is with the greatest reluctance that 1 pre- 
sume to trouble you with a matter, which principally 
relates to myself. But, as its example and tendency 
might perhaps hereafter be of some prejudice to the 
cause, in which we are all engaged, if no notice was 
taken of it; I find myself under a necessity, of not be- 
ing entirely silent on the subject. 

"The few forces which were lately assembled at 
Ninety-Six, were drawn together by me, as well as by 
Major Williamson; and, though I was Lieutenant- 
Colonel of the same regiment of militia in which Ma- 
joi- Williamson held his commission, and also a Major 
in your Regular Troops, to my surprize Major Wil- 

*Joiirnal of Council of Safety, DeeeiiilKM- I'lid, 177"), Collections 8. 
C. Historical Society, Vol. Ill, page 40. 

f Ordered, That Major Mayson have leave to visit and converse 
with Robert Cunningham, contined in Charles-Town jail." — Journal 
of Council of Safety, Dec. 6th, 177-5, Collections S. C. Hist. Soc, Vol. 
Ill, page o{». 

tDrayton's Memoirs, Vol. II, page lol. "Read a letter from Major 
Mtiyson, of the Rangers, of this date." — .lournai of Council of Safety, 
Dec. 7th, 1775. 



320 THE HISTORY OF 

liamson disputed the command with me — but, rather 
than hurt the cause, T 3ne]ded some points to hi m : which, 
I am sensible as your soldier, I shall not be justifiable in, 
without the greatest indulgence from vou. 1 however 
think it proper to mention, that although on account 
of the public good 1 suffered his name to be inserted 
in the Truce before mine, yet the means of our defence 
was planned by me; and the whole negotiation with 
the disaffected party, was addressed to me. 

"I thought the conduct of Major Williamson in this 
affair the more extraordinary, as he was a member of 
the very Congress, which settled these points of com- 
mand; and which points, I find have been confirmed 
by the present Congress, as well as by the Continental 
Congress. But, lest hereafter the same disputes may 
arise, 1 humbly submit it to this honorable board, 
whether Major Williamson should not be informed, 
that when we act together, and hold our present com- 
missions, I am to have the command. 

"The thanks of my country, it will be my highest 
ambition to deserve; and. as 1 understand that Major 
Williamson is to return the thanks of Congress to the 
officers who were present at Ninety-Six; I shall with 
joy receive them, though delivered to me by an in- 
ferior officer. 

"I cannot conclude without assuring you, that both 
Major Williamson and myself concealed our difference 
from all, except one or two of the officers. 
"I have the honour to be, 
"Gentlemen, 
"With the greatest respect. 
"Your most humble sei'vant, 

"Jas. Mayson." 

To this letter the Council of Safety, on December 
Sth, addressed the following reply:* 

*J()iirn:il ofCVniiK-il of JSafety, Dec. Stli, 1775. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 321 

"Charles-Town, Dec. 8th, 1775. 

"'Sir — We have duly considered the contents of your 
letter, which was yesterday laid before us. and as we 
have received no complaint from Major Williamson, 
and are satisfied that each of you had the real service 
of the colony at heart in the late affair at Ninety-Six, 
we wish to avoid a minute inquiry, which in our 
opinion would produce no beneficial end. 

"The command of the militia was, by the Congress, 
vested in Major Williamson, froui considerations of 
the distance of Col. Savage, and the little probability 
of his heading the regiment, as well as from an infor- 
mation that you were at that time extremely ill, un- 
able to take the field. It was therefore necessary to 
order that gentleman to call forth the militia in his 
district,* and to hold them in readiness to join the 
troops under Col. Richardson: your junction, and 
what afterw^ards happened at the fortified camp at 
Ninety-Six, were circumstances altogether adventi- 
tious and unexpected. Hence we are convinced, that 
Major Williamson, when he took the command, acted 
in conformity to the order of Congress, and you will 
perceive that those orders were not intended to over- 
look your merit, nor to offer you an affront. We high- 
ly applaud you, for having, after you had joined Major 
Williamson, yielded in any points of mere punctillio, 
on account of the public good. We are so sensible of 
your services, that with pleasure we repeat to you the 
thanks of this board, and desire that you w\]\ also 



*"M;iysoii was Lieut. C'ol. of the Nitiety-Six Regiment of Militia; 
of which Willianisoti was then aeting as Major; hut tiie (^oiineil of 
Safety di(] not approve of Major Maysoii's coninianding on llie occa- 
sion, either as Lieutenant-Colonel of tlie regiment, or as Major of the 
M regiment of rangers; as their contideiice was greater in Major 
Williamson; and he was more influential in tliat jiart of the count- 
try." — Drayton's Menioii-s, Vol. TI, page 111*, foot note. 



322 THE HISTORY OF 

present our thanks to the officers ami soldiers of the 
corps of rangers who were under your command, 

"You are now to repair immediately to Col. Richard- 
son's camp. We are satisfied of your zeal and attach- 
ment in the cause of the colonies, and particularly 
we confide that you will persevere in your endeavors 
to promote harmony within your sphere, and to dis- 
countenance every kind and degree of dissention, the 
hane of public service. We wish you health and suc- 
cess. 

"By order of the Council of Safety. 

"Henry Laurens, President. 

"Major James Mayson." 

On Dec. 12th, Col. Richardson wrote, from "Camp 
Great Survey, Duncan's Creek", to Henry Laurens: 
"The eighth instant I wrote and made public a kind 
of declaration, of which I herewith inclose a copy, 
which I hope may in some measure meet with your 
approbation, upon which they have come in, many of 
them, and delivered up their arms, all of whom, where 
they have not been capital offenders, I dismiss with 
soft words and cheerful countenances, and admonish 
them to use their interest with their friends and 
neighbors, which seems to have a good effect. Our 
army which is now formidable strikes terror, and the 
opposite party have hitherto fled before us, keeping 
fifteen or twenty miles distant. We often are told 
they will give battle, but yet have not attempted it, 
and do hope we shall by the measures pursuing so 
weaken their party that most will abandon them, and 
they will not be able to make head with any great 
body, and the salutary measures prove the best con- 
quest. Should their behavior be otherwise we shall 
deal with them accordingly. We have several prison- 
ers, amongst whom are Col. Fletchall, Capt. Richard 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 323 

Pearls, Capt. Shuhurg. and several others of the first 
magnitude. B.y the capture of Col. Fletchall (who 
was hid in a rave.* and taken b}^ Col. Thomson and 
rangers, and the volunteer companies who were sent 
out on that and some other service) papers have fallen 
into my hands which the Council of Safety will be 
glad to see, but which I cannot venture to send by 
this conveyance; but shall transmit by the officer of 
the guard, with the prisoners, which I intend to dis- 
patch to-morrow. Our arnjy is about three thousand 
of diJS'erent corps, viz: my own regiment. Col. Thom- 
son's, and volunteer light horse. Col. Thomas, Col. 
Neel, Col. Polk and Lieut. Col. Martin of the North 
Cai-olina regiment, upon the continental establish- 
ment, who voluntarily stepped out on this occasion, as 
did Col. Thos. Polk.''" ***** -This 
minute, while I am writing, Capts. Plumer and Smith 
with thirty men surrendered themselves and arms." 

On the 16th. Col. Richardson wrote, from "Camp 
Liberty Hill", to Mr. Laurens: "I herewith send you 
the persons of Col. Thos. Fletchall, Capt. EMchard 
Pearis, Capt. Jacob Fry, Capt. George Shuburg, John 
McWilliams, Philip Wells, James Davis, Capt. Mc- 
David, alias McDade, and Joseph Alexander. These 
being all adjudged by the officers and people here to 
be offenders of such a nature that from the active 
part they have taken, it would be dangerous for me to 
let either of them go." * * * * "These unhap- 
py people are in a great panic, still flying before us, 
and it is told that young Pearis and others have gone 
to bring the Indians down, in person; if it should be 
the case, it could not be in a better time, and if any 
such intentions, should be glad the whole would conie 
while we are here." 

*Sonie say in tlie lioUow of a large sycainoiv tree. — Drayton's Me- 
moirs, Vol. II, i)age 12!), foot note. 



324 THE HISTORY OF 

On the 22ad, Col. Richardsou, from ''Camp Raborn's 
Creek, Hollingsworth's Mill", wrote Mr. Laurens: "1 
thought to let you hear from us before now, but con- 
stant marching, and multiplicity of cares and business 
have prevented, and the more so, as 1 had not such 
things as I could wish to acquaint you with; but now, 
as we have got to the very extremity of the roads 
north-westward, take the liberty to inform you, that 
on Saturday last, the 16th instant, we were joined by 
Col. Rutherfoi'd, of Rowan, and Col. Graham, of Tryon 
counties, in North Carolina, with about five hundred 
men." * * * ''Qjj Wednesday, the 20th inst., 
I was joined by Maj. Andrew Williamson, Capt. Ham- 
mond, and a small party of Col. Bull's regiment, 
amounting in the whole to about eight hundred, so 
that our army is now formidable, between four and 
five thousand — a number most desirable to view — 
though we have had no occasion tor more than my 
own regiment to have done the business. Notwith- 
standing, the number has a good effect, strikes terror, 
and shows what can be done on occasion — and, upon 
the whole, it may prove a happy event — we have been 
successful in disarming most of this unhappy people; 
they are coming in with fear and trembling, giving up 
their arms, with a sensible contrition for the errors 
they have been guilty of." ****** 
"There is still a camp w^e cannot yet come up with, 
consisting of the principal aggressors, which were, by 
best information, camped on the Cherokee land. 1 
detached yesterday about thirteen hundred horse and 
foot, about an equal number, under the command of 
Cols. Thomson, Martin, Rutherford, Neel, Polk, Lyles, 
Major Williamson, and others, commanding all volun- 
teers, which, I flatter myself, will render us a good ac- 
count, as I don't expect them in till to-morrow, or 
perhaps some days hence." * * * * "They 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 325 

have had expectations of the Indians joining them, 
but b\^ a letter from Mr. Wilkinson to Major William- 
son, they will be disappointed in that, as he says all 
are peaeable there, and the Indians well satisfied, and 
say the Saluda people are devils, &c." * * * 

* * "We have at times got small parts of the 
ammunition they got, and delivered with their arms; 
and yesterday two barrels, say fifty pounds, and have 
a slight information of some more." * * * 

* * * '"I shall, therefore, crave your permis- 
sion to discharge the North Carolinians, to make their 
way from hence through the upper parts by the In- 
dian line to their own colony, which will scour that 
part, and Cols. Neel and Thomson through a middle 
direction to their different quarters." * * * 

* * "The spiiit of discord will so far subside, 

that they will hardly raise any more commotions." 
********* 

'"P. S. This minute since, or while I was writing my 
name, a messenger from Col. Thomson and the detach- 
ments arrived with the agreeable account, that they 
had surprised and taken the camp of Cunningham, &c., 
and taken the greatest part prisoners, with all their 
ammunition, guns, wagons, and utensils. P. Cunning- 
ham had escaped, and some principals, but the most 
are taken, &c." 

"On January 2nd, 1776, Col. Richardson sent, frt)m 
the Congarees, to Henry Laurens, the following re- 
port:* 

''Sir: — In my last I informed you of the detachments 
I had sent out, and in a postscript, of my intelligence 
of success. Our people surrounded their camp by day- 
light in the morning after a long march of near 

*"Read also a letter from Col. Richardson, dated Congarees, 2d 
.laniiary, 1776." — .Journal of tlie ('onncil of Safety, .Jan. Stli, 177G. 



326 THE HISTORY OF 

twenty-five miles, and lying on their amis till day, 
they then attacked and took about one hundred and 
thirty prisoners, with baggage, arms, ammunition, &c., 
which completed the conquest of that flying party 
which had till then kept out of reach. They were en- 
camped at a convenient place called the Brake of 
Canes on the Cherokee land; Patrick Cunningham es- 
caped on a horse bare backed (and they say without 
breeches) telling every man to shift for himself.* 
None of our men were killed or wounded, except the 
son of Col. T. Polk, a fine youth, was shot through the 
shoulder, and was in great danger. Some five or six 
of the other party, T am told, were killed; happily the 
men were restrained or every man had died. The 
next day they returned to camp, the snow set in, and 
continued for thirty hours without intermission, 
which, with the hardship and fatigue the men had 
suffered before made them very uneasy, and seeing no 
more could be done they grew so uneasy it was out of 
my power to keep the troops together any longer. I, 
therefore, on Christmas-day dismissed the North Caro- 
lina troops, viz: Col. Rutherford, Col. Graham, Col. 
Martin and Col. Polk to all of whom, in behalf of my 
country, I returned my cordial and hearty thanks, &c.; 
the same day Colonels Neel and Thomas, and Major 
Williamson with proper orders to pursue such meas- 
ures in their different marches, as I was (convinced 
would be necessary for the public service. I then as I 
found the service pretty well done and no possibility 
of detaining the men longer, the snow then lying on 
the earth in the smoothest places at least fifteen 
inches deep}- (most say two feet) I marched in the 
best manner we could downward. Eight days we 

*He fled to Florida, where he spent a good portion of his time. (See 
Southern Quarterly Review for April 1847, Vol. XI, No. 22, page 484.) 
tThis expedition has been, by many, termed tiie "Snow Camp". 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 327 

never set foot on the earth or had a place to lie down, 
till we had spaded or grabbled away the snow, from 
which circumstance, many are frost bitten, some very 
badly; and on the third day a heavy cold rain fell, to- 
gether with sleet; and melted the snow and filled 
every creek and river with a deluge of water; but 
with all these difficulties we reached this place yester- 
day with the prisoners, whom we have used in the 
best manner we could^about ten Captains and a hun- 
dred and twenty of the most mischievous men (sonie 
of whom will make good soldiers); all the powder; 
Ninety-six and New Camp men. We retook seven 
kegs of gun-powder, six of which I delivered to Maj. 
Williamson to be sent to Mr. Wilkinson for the Chero- 
kees; many arms have been delivered up, and I caused 
the men to sign an instrument of writing, which they 
did willingly with fear and trembling, by which they 
forfeit their estates, real and personal, if they ever 
take up arms against, or disquiet the peace and tran- 
quility of the good people of this colony again, and to 
assist them if they are ever called upon. The arms 
taken by Maj. Williamson and those from that quar- 
ter I ordered to be stored at Fort Charlotte, which he 
(the Major) is to see done. Those taken by the upper 
regiments are to be sent down, and many lodged in 
the hands of the Committee to be sent to Mr. Ches- 
nut's Store at the Congarees, and about two hundred 
stand 1 have ordered to Camden, &c." * * * * 
"The prisoners I send in a boat from this place to Wil- 
son's Ferry, under the command and guard of Capt. 
Thomas Sumter, who on this expedition I constituted, 
Adjutant-General, who has behaved very well and has 
been to me and the cause, of extra service; from thence 
Col. Thomson with the Rangers and others under 
him will guard them to Charleston, who. with Major 
Mayson and officers under them have l)een obliging in 



THE HISTORY OF 

behavior and alert in service, and must recommend 
them to your particular notice; and I must say 
through the whole I have been extremely happy in 
the mutual harmony which has subsisted." * * 

* * "I shall refer you to Col. Thomson and 
Maj. Mayson for further particulars, as I am still 
broke in upon every line.'' 

On the same day Col. Richardson wrote the Council 
of Safety: "By Col. Thomson of the rangers, you will 
receive, if nothing happens, the i)risoners, we thought 
proper to detain,* which, upon examination, find were 

*"Charlf«-T()wii, .Ian. 10th, 1776. 

"Sir — We have received your several letters of the 2(1 and 8th instant, 
together with tlie proceedings of the Court of Inijuiry in the case of 
Lieut. Charlton, and the general court-njartial on Capt. Samuel Wise, 
and approve of their respective determinations — which you will sig- 
nify in proper orders. We desire when you arrive at some convenient 
ground, at or near the Quarter-House, that you will order a halt, 
leaving the prisoners under proper guard, and come forward, yourself 
in order to attend the Board for further direction. 
"By order of the Council of Safety. 

"Henry Laurens, President. 
"Col. Will. Thomson." 

"Col. Thomson, of the Regiment of Bangers, came to town, and at- 
tended for instructions how to dispose of tlie prisoners sent down by 
Col. Richardson. 

^^ Ordered, That Col. Thomson do cause the said prisoners to be 
conducted to Mr. Strickland to-morrow morning, and that he then 
attend this Covuicil again." — .lournal of C'onncil of Safety, Jan. 10th, 
1776. 

"Col. Thomson and Major Ferguson of the rangers attended, with 
a list of the prisoners sent down by Col. Richardson, and distinguished 
the most culpable offenders." — Journal of Council of Safety, Jan. 11th, 
1776. 

^^Ordered, That Col. Thomson do immediately attend this board; 
and that the prisoners from Col. Richardson do remain at, or return 
to, their stations at Strickland's." — Journal of Council of Safety, Jan. 
12th, 1776. 

"Col. Thomson reported the names of twenty of the prisoners sent 
down by Col. Richardson, wiio liad voluntarily signed a paper, (which 
he delivered in,) being a strong assurance of their future proper be- 
haviour. 

"Whereupon, Col. Thomson was authoiized by the Council to dis- 
cliarge them." — Journal of Council of Safety, Jan. 18th, 1776. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 329 

the mo8t leading and active, in taking the powder at 
Ninety-Six, and the late camp. They were long ont 
before taken, and have been some time since in du- 
rance, from which circumstances they of course will 
make but a despicable appearance, adding also, that 
the spirit of humility and contrition takes place of the 
opposite character." * * * * ^^j ^^^^ ^^ 3^ 
loss to know how to recommend ray brother Colonel, 
will say his behaviour has been as becomes him, and 
deserves your notice." 

Pains have been taken to quote all of these details 
of these two expeditions into the back country, not 
only to show the part taken in them by Colonel Thom- 
son and the 3rd regiment, but also to show that, after 
all, the disaffection of the people living in that section 
of the Districts of Orangeburgh and Ninety-Six, be- 
tween the Broad and Saluda rivers, was not so serious 
in its consequences. We have seen how the Ninety- 
Six troops, assisted by only a portion of the forces 
from the adjoining districts, twice vanquished them 
with scarcely any bloodshed. We have seen them 
wavering from side to side, accordingly as the most 
plausible speeches were made them; we have seen 
them intimidated by a powerful force; but we have 
seen the final triumph of the Whigs. Col. Richardson 
tells us that his own regiment could "have done the 
business" in the second expedition, but there never 
was a time after that when the Ninety-Six Whigs 
could not handle with ease the Ninety-Six Tories. 
Pickens and Williams did it in the darkest days of the 
Revolution, and were only restrained by the British 
regulars — and Tories from other States thrown in, for 
Cruger's regiment of six hundred Tories that garrison- 
ed Ninety-Six in 1780-81, were every one men that he 
had enlisted in New York and New Jersey. 



330 THE HISTORY OF 

The mission of Messrs Drayton and Tennent in the 
first expedition was of a diplomatic nature; that of 
Col. Thomson was both of a diplomatic and a military 
nature, and how he succeeded the records themselves 
show. In the second expedition, his excellent work is 
vouched for by his fellow officer. Col. Richardson, in 
his reports. That Col. Thomson never received a 
brigadier's commission in the Continental service was 
no fault of his. May posterity ever award him the 
honor that the Continental Congress failed to be- 
stow. 

We cannot refrain from adding here some extracts, 
anent these expeditions, from Ramsay's History of the 
Revolution in South Carolina, which not only concern 
the 3rd regiment, but the conduct of the whole peo- 
ple of South Carolina during the Revolution. It has 
been charged by partisan historians that South Caro- 
lina furnished no troops to the Continental Establish- 
ment; that troops from New England had to fight her 
battles for her; that the State was overrun with To- 
ries; and that the majority of her people were luke- 
warm in the cause of American independence. The 
paragraphs from Dr. Ramsay, besides giving us a short 
account of the Tory uprisings of 1775, speak eloquent- 
ly in refutation of these slanders. Dr. Ramsay pub- 
lished his history in 1785, just three years after the 
close of the war. while events wei'e still fresh in the 
minds of men, and he had been a prominent figure in 
the Revolution, in South Carolina, and he therefore 
WTote with authority. He cannot be accused of un- 
due partiality, for he was a native of Penns3dvania. 
He says, Vol. I., p. 67: 

"Though there were some royalists in every part of 
the province, the only settlement in which they out- 
numbered the friends of Congress, was in the country 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 331 

between the Broad and Saluda rivers.* When it was 
determined to raise troops, the inhabitants of that 
part of the province could not be persuaded that the 
measure was necessary. Feeling themselves happy 
and free from present oppression, they were averse 
from believing that any designs, inimical to American 
liberty, had been adopted by the British government. 
Instead of signing the association, they signed papers 
at their general musters, declaring their unwillingness 
to concur in the measures recommended by Congress. 
The council of safety sent the hon. William-Henry 
Drayton, and the rev. William Tennent, into their set- 
tlement, to explain to them the nature of the dispute, 
and to bring them over to a co-operation with the 
other inhabitants. They had several publick meet- 
ings, and much eloquence was exerted to induce them 
to sign the association. Some were convinced and 
subscribed that bond of union; but the greater num- 
ber could not be persuaded that there was any neces- 
sity for congresses, committees, or a military estab- 
lishment. Suspicion, that bane of society, began to 
exert her mischievous influence. The friends of the 
old government doubted the authenticity of all pamph- 
lets and newspapers, which ascribed to the British 
troops in Boston, or to the British government, any 
designs injurious to the rights of the colonists. They 
believed the whole to be an imposition by artful men, 
who wished to excite storms, that they might shew 
their skill in pilotage. The friends of Congress sus- 
pected the leading men of the royalists to l)e in the 

* "Excepting in tliat jnirt of the country included between tiie 
Broad and Saluda rivers the non-subscribers were comparatively few. 
In Charleston, where the jjeneral committee sat, their number 
amounted to about forty."— Ramsay, page 42. The (Chicago paper 
that accused Senator Tillman of uttering a falsehood, when he said 
that South Carolina had "stood to the front in 177(5", was evidently 
better acquainted with the falsehoods of the Sabines and Sumners 
than with the truths of the Ramsays. 



332 THE HISTORY OF 

pay of governor Campbell. Reports were circulated 
by one party, that a plan was laid to seize the com- 
missioners sent by the council of safefy; by the other, 
that the third provincial regiment was brought up to 
compel the inhabitants to sign the association. Mo- 
tives and designs were reciprocally attributed to erch 
other of the most ungenerous nature and mischievous 
tendency. The royalists embodied for reasons similar 
to those which had induced the other inhabitants to 
arm themselves against Great-Britain, They suspect- 
ed their adversaries of an intention to dragoon them 
into a compliance with the measures of Congress; and 
they, in their turn, were suspected of a design to com- 
mence hostilities against the associators for disturbing 
the established royal government. Camps were formed 
in opposition to each other, and great pains were 
taken to increase their respective numbers. Moderate 
men employed their good offices to prevent bloodshed. 
After some days, the leaders on both sides met in con- 
ference. Several explications having taken place, a 
treaty was leciprocally agreed to, by which it was 
stipulated, that 'the royalists should remain in a state 
of neutrality.' Both parties* retired to their homes, 
and a temporary calm succeeded. Mr. Robert Cun- 
ningham, who had been a principal leader among the 
royalists, continued to encourage oj)position to the 
popular measures, and declared that he did not <*on- 
sider himself as bound by the treaty. Suspicion again 
began to spread her poison. This declaration was con- 
strued as an evidence of a fixed intention to disturb 
the peace, by another insurrection. To prevent his 



*This treaty was signed at Ninety-Six on Sept. 16, 1775, by William 
Henry Drayton on belialf of the Whigs, and by Thomas Fletehal, 
Jolm Ford, Thomas Green, Evan McLanrin and Benjamin Wofford 
on belialf of the Tories. Tlie witnesses to ttie agreement were William 
Thomson, Ely Kershaw and Francis Salvador. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 

attempting any thing of that kind, he was apprehend- 
ed, brought to town, and committed to gaol. Patrick 
Cunningham instantly armed a party of his friends, 
and pursued, with the expectation of rescuing his 
brother. The party collected on this occasion seized 
a thousand pounds of powder, which was at that junct- 
ure passing thi'ough their settlement. This was pub- 
lick property, and had been sent by the council of 
safety as a present to the Cherokee Indians. To in- 
flame the minds of the people, some designing men 
among the royalists propagated a report, that the 
powder was sent to the Indians, accompanied with in- 
structions to them, to kill every man who should re- 
fuse to sign the association.* This charge, entirely 
false in itself, was not believed by any of the well-in- 
formed inhabitants; nevertheless it answered the pur- 
poses of party among some of the ignorant multitude. 
It w^as confidently asserted that some private marks 
had been agreed on by the popular leaders and In- 
dian chiefs, to distinguish the associators from the 
nou-ai?sociators; the former of whom were to be spared, 
and the latter sacrificed. Clreat pains were also taken 
to exasperate the inhaliitants against the council of 
safety, for furnishing the Indians with powder at a 
time when the white people could not be supplied 
with that necessary ai-ticle. 

"Major Williamson, who commanded the militia in 

*''Tlius Pearis swears, that lie 'is assured, from what I said to the 
Indians, I intended to employ them ajfidnst tlie white men, for the 
♦•ommittee', although it is notorious, at the great store at the Conga- 
rees, that I never saw the Indians but in public, and that the speec^i 
I made to them was by an inter|)reter, in a crowded room, and that 
several copies were taken froni the original draught of it, now depcjsi- 
ted emong the public papers, in which draught and copies there is no 
foundation for Pearis' oath and charge in this j)articular." — Dray- 
ton's "address to the inhabitants of the frontier settlements". Jour- 
nal of Council of Safety, Dec. 6th, 1775, Collections S. C. Hist. >Soc., 
Vol. Ill, pages 55, 5(i. 



334 THE HISTORY OF 

favour of Congress, went in quest of the party which 
had taken the publick powder, but was soon obliged 
to retreat before their superior numbers. The royal- 
ists, irritated by the capture of Cunningham, and 
flushed with success in seizing the powder, were at 
this time more numerous than at any other period. 
Major Williamson was reduced to the necessity of re- 
treating into a stockade fort, in which he and his par- 
ty w^ere confined without any water, till, after three 
days, by digging they obtained a scanty supply. The 
royalists possessed themselves of the gaol at Ninety- 
Six, and from that station tired into the fort. Mon- 
sieur St. Pierre, an ingenius French gentleman who 
had settled there some years before, and had made 
considerable progress in the cultivation of vineyards, 
was killed by the fire of the royalists, and some others 
were wounded; but on the whole, very little execu- 
tion was done. After some days the assailants hoisted 
a flag, and proposed a truce. Reciprocal permission 
was given to forward expresses from the royalists to 
the governor, and from major Williamson to the 
council of safety. Both parties once more dispersed, 
and retired to their homes. 

"Domestick division at this time was particularly to 
be dreaded. An invasion from Great-Britain was 
soon expected. A British fleet and army in front, and 
disaffected inhabitants in rear, threatened destruction 
to the friends of Congress. Lord William Campbell 
had uniformly recommended to the royalists to re- 
main quiet till the arrival of a British force. The ad- 
vice, so well calculated to distract the views of the popu- 
lar leaders, had been providentially frustrated. Similar 
reasons of policy to those which induced the royal 
governor to recommend inaction to the royalists, 
operated with the council of safety to crush their in- 
testine foes before that force should arrive. Their 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 335 

late insurrection, in violation of the treaty of Ninety- 
Six, gave ground to doubt of the sincerity of their en- 
gagements to continue in a state of neutrality. From 
their past conduct it was feared, that, as soon as a 
proper opportunity should offer itself, they would 
throw their weight into the royal scale. It was there- 
fore judged necessary, for the publick safety, to march 
an army into their settlements before that event 

should take place." 

********* 

"The provincial congress did not rest their cause on 
reasoning alone, but enforced their measures with an 
army sufficiently numerous to intimidate opposition. 
The}^ sent a large body of militia and new raised reg- 
ulars, under the command of colonels Richardson and 
Thomson. They were also joined by seven hundred 
militia of North-Carolina, commanded by colonels 
Polk and Rutherford, and two hundred and twenty 
regulars commanded by colonel Martin. In a little 
time Congress had an army of several thousand men 
under their direction, with instructions 'to apprehend 
the leaders of the party which had seized the powder, 
and to do all other things necessary to suppress the 
present and prevent future insurrections'. Colonel 
Richardson proceeded in the execution of these or- 
ders with great moderation and propriety. A demand 
was made that the persons who had seized the powder 
should be delivered up to the justice of their coun- 
try. Assurances were publickly given that no injury 
should be done to inoffensive persons, who would re- 
main quietly on their plantations. The leaders of 
the royalists found great difficulty in persuding their 
followers to embody. They were cut off from all com- 
munication with governor Campbell. Unconnected 
with their brethren in other parts, there was no union 
in their measures. They were 'a rope of sand' with- 



336 



THE HISTORY OF 



out order and subordination, and without that en- 
thusiasm which inspired the friends of Congress. Their 
leaders were destitute of political knowledge and 
without military experience. The unanimity of the 
whigs, and the great numbers which, from all sides, 
invaded the settlements of the royalists, disheartened 
them from facing their adversaries in the field of bat- 
tle. They saw resistance to be vain, and that the new 
government had much greater energy than they had 
supposed. The whigs acted by syssteni, and in concert 
with their brethren in the adjacent states, and were 
directed by a council of safety composed of the great- 
est and wisest men in the province. They easily car- 
ried every point — seized the leaders of the royalists — 
and dispersed their followers. In erecting this busi- 
ness they did not lose a single man, and only one of 
their number, major Polk, was wounded. This de- 
cided superiority gave confiden(^e to the popular lead- 
ers, and greatly strengthened their hands. The van- 
quished royalists retired to their plantatious; but on 
all occasions discovered as much obstinacy in oppos- 
ing their countrymen, as their countrymen did firm- 
ness in opposing Great-Britain. Several of them, and 
of others who were averse from fighting, retired over 
the mountains, where, remote from the noise and bus- 
tle of war, they enjoyed that independence for which 
so many were contending. In the year 1778, when 
every inhabitant was called on to take an oath of al- 
legiance to the state, many of them voluntarily aban- 
doned their country for the barren sands of East- 
Florida. In the same year, when the alliance between 
France and the United States of America was publish- 
ed, others of them nominally joined the Congress. 
Mr. Robert Cunningham and two or three more of 
their leading men, were elected members of the legis- 
lature. After the reduction of Savannah, a consider- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 337 

able party rose a second time in favour of royal gov- 
ernment; but they were completely routed on their 
way to the British encampments in Georgia.* They 
afterwards remained quiet till the British obtained 
possession of Charleston. 

"Excepting these ill-concerted insurrections; no pub- 
lick body in the province, prior to the British con- 
quests in the year 17S0. gave avowed evidence of their 

disapprobation of the popular measures." 

********* 

"Vigorous decisive measures characterized the pop- 
ular party; while their opposers either acted without 
system, or from timid counsels which w^ere feebly ex- 
ecuted. 

"No revolution was ever effected with greater una- 
nimity, or w ith more oi'der and regularity. The lead- 
ing men in every part of the province, with very few 
exceptions, from the first njoments of the contest, ex- 
erted themselves in the cause of their country. Their 
abilities and influence gave union and system to the 
proceedings of the people. A few persons in the col- 
ony hated republican governments, and some ignor- 
ant people in the back country were induced to be- 
lieve that the whole was an artful deception, imposed 
upon them for interested purposes, by the gentlemen 
of fortune and ambition on the sea coast. But among 
the independent enlightened freemen of the province, 
who loved liberty, and had spirit to risk life and for- 
tune in its support, there were very few to be found 
who took part with the royalists." 

We have it, therefore, from Dr. Ramsay, an eye-wit- 
ness, that the only place in South Carolina where the 
Toiies outnumbered the Whigs, was in that little tri- 
angle between the Broad and Saluda rivers — the great- 

*At Kettle^ Civt'k, liy Col. Andrew Pickens. 



338 THE HISTORY OF 

er part of which was in Ninety Six District and the 
lesser part in Orangeburgh District. And that little 
triangle constituted a very small part of South Caro- 
lina, and the people there dwelling constituted a very 
small portion of the population of South Carolina, and 
we further have it from Dr. Ramsay that they were 
either ignorant, or selfish, republic haters, or timid — 
and we might add— or criminals, and that it was not a 
difficult matter foi' the well oi-ganized Whigs to con- 
trol them, as they had no organization, system or 
ability. We have already seen how they were thrice 
brought into line, the first time by Drayton's per- 
suasion, — although he had Col. Thomson's regiment 
along — the second time by Richardson and Thomson, 
and the third time, just after the fall of Savannah in 
1778. 

And the fact is that nowhere else in South Carolina 
did the Tories attain any strength, and if the State 
was ever overrun by Tories it was in 1780, after the 
fall of Charleston, and it was not South Carolina To- 
ries that did the overruning. but it was Clinton's over- 
whelming army of regulars, assisted bi/ Tories direct 
from the Northern States; those fron) East Florida, 
who were the offscourings of the whole thirteen colo- 
nies; those of Georgia, wheie there were many set- 
tlers only lately from Great-Britain; and the few fur- 
nished by South Carolina. And with all of these odds 
against them — to say nothing of tlie bad management 
of Lincoln and Gates — the people of South Carolina 
were fighting their own battles and driving out and 
defeating the enemy at the very moment that General 
(ireene was sent down to their assistance. 

Toward the close of 1775, the Council of Safety in 
Charletown received intelligence of the approach of a 
powerful British fleet and army destined for the re- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 339 

dnction of Chai'lestown. The Council immediatelj^ be- 
gan to make preparations for defending the coast. 
With that object in view the following letter was ad- 
dressed to Col. Hichardson: 

"Charles-Town, Dec. 30th, 1775. 

''Sir — We have judged it necessary to detain your 
messenger Newton, upon an information which we 
have received by express from the Committee at 
George-Town, of a fleet of ships having been seen sail- 
ing southerly on Christmas evening, said to be eighteen 
sail, five of which are very large — the weather has 
ever since been l)oisterous and thick, in which no ship 
could with safety approach the land^ — the first clear 
day will probably confirm or remove our apprehen- 
sions. In the mean time we shall direct Col. Thom- 
son to march his Regiment of [{angers immediately to 
Monck's Corner, and if you can prevail upon a body 
of volunteer foot, fronj 500 to 1,000 men, under proper 
officers, also to march to the same place, we desire 
you to do so. The conimanding officer, upon his ap- 
proach, will give notice to this board, and we will 
transmit the necessary orders for his further proceed- 
ings, and we shall give orders after their encampment 
that payments be regularly made to the troops, and 
rations of provision duly served to the companies. 
We confine our application wholly to volunteers, be- 
cause we would not harrass the militia who have al- 
ready been engaged in a severe service, nor call upon 
them out of turn but by their own consent. 

"By order of the Council of Safety. 

"Henry Laurens, President.'" 

On the same da}' the following letter was addressed 
to Col. Thomson: 

"Sir — If Col. Richardson from some unexpected oc- 
currence shall not find it necessary to detain you' in 



340 THE HISTORY OF 

his army for the service of the colony, you are direct- 
ed to march that part of your regiment of Rangers 
now with you, with all expedition to Monck's Corner, 
and upon your approach to that place, to give notice 
to this board. 

"By order of the Council of Safety. 

"Henry Laurens, President. 

"Col. Thomson." 

Col. Thomson was next placed in charge of the fort 
at Dorchester, as will be seen by the following extract 
from an order from the Council of Safety, dated Jan- 
uary 3rd, 1776, to Col. Joseph Glover, then command- 
ing at Dorchester: "You will, at the end of the sta- 
ted time for service of the draughts now upon duty, 
discharge the whole, and have the command with the 
othcer of the Regiment of Rangers." 

Next we extract from the Journal of the Council of 
Safety for January 12th, 1776:* "Col. Huger, Col. 
Motte, Col. Thomson and Col. Roberts, being ordered 
to attend, and attending accordingly, were conferred 
with. 

''Ordered, That Col. Thomson do cause a detach- 
ment of fifty or sixty of such of his rangers as are 
good riflemen and will volunteer to go on the service, 
to proceed to Sullivan's Island, immediately, for the 
better securing the possession thereof. 

''Ordered, That Col. Thomson be immediately sup- 
plied with twenty-five pounds of gun-powder and one 
hundred pounds of lead, for the use of the said detach- 
ment."! 

^Collections S. C. Hist. Soc, Vol. Til, pages 170 and 171. 

f^^ Ordered, That one quarter of a lumdred more of ji:uiii)o\vder be 
issued innnediately to Col. Thomson. 

^'Ordered, That fifty weight more of lead lie immediately issued to 
Col. Thomson." — Journal of Council of Safety, Jan. 13th, 177(i. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 341 

<t day 
Thomson: 



The next day the f()]h)wiiig order was sent to Col. 



"In the Council of Safety, ( 
"Jan. 13th, 1775. \ 

"Sir — You are to detach as many of your regiment of 
rangers with rifles and other good guns, in failure of 
rifles, as will voluntarily go,* to Sullivan's Island, un- 
der the command of Major Mayson; who must apply 
to Capt. Edward Blake early to-morrow for proper 
means of transportation; which will be provided by 
him. 

'"By order of the Council of Safety. 

"Henry Laurens, President. 

"Lieut. Col. Thomson." 

On January 14th, "Col. Thomson of the Rangers, re- 
ported, that sixty-six rank and file, and eight officers, 
of his regiment, had embarked for Sullivan's Island, 
together with twenty-eight of the prisoners under his 
charge, who declared themselves willing to give all 
possible assistance in forwarding the works to be 
erected there."! 

*Iii a letter, of tlie same date as the above, to Dr. Oliphaiit, Henry 
Laurens wrote: "The ranjfers are heartily disposed to the service". 

t.I<»urnal of the Council of Safety, Jan. 14, 1776. 

"Col. Thomson also reported the names of some other prisoners less 
criminal than the rest, iiaving been misled, as objects of the council's 
mercy, and fit to be disciiarged." — .Journal of the Council of Safety, 
Jan. 14th, 177(). Six prisoners were discharged on this recommenda- 
tion. 

"Col. Thomson accjuainted the board, that he had brought down 
all such of those prisoners sent to tf)wn by Col. Richardson, as had 
not been already discharged, or gone to work on Sullivan's Island." 
—Journal of Council of Safety, .Tan. 15, 177(). The last of the prison- 
ers were thereupon discharged. 

"To Col. Thomson, to pay 4!t days wages of rangers employed as 

carpenter's on Sullivan's Islajid, at 15s., 36 15 00". — .Journal of 

Council of Safety, .Jan. 29, 1776. 

"To Col. Thomson, for discharging the i)ay allowed to prisoners 
from the back country, who have laboure<l for the public, on Sulli- 



842 THE HISTORY OF 

III the midst of all of these prepa rations for war. 
Col. Thomson was obliged to turn his attention to a 
matter of discipline in his regiment, for, from the 
Journal of the Council of Safety, for January 23rd, we 
learn that on that day Colonel Thomson "applied for 
a warrant to hold a general court martial", which was 
granted. From the Journal of the Council of Safety 
for January 29th we learn that William Morris was 
tried by this court-martial for nuitiny, and that he 
was convicted, and sentenced by the court-martial to 
receive two hundred and fifty lashes and be sent a 
prisoner on board the ship Prosper. This sentence 
was approved by the Council, except as to sending 
Morris on board the Prosper. 

At tliis time Col. Thomson's regiment was ver}' 
much divided up. About one hundred of his men were 
on duty in Charlestown;* Capt. Caldwell, with his com- 
pany, was stationed at Fort Charlotte;! Capt. Purvis, 

van's Island, and are now disfhargtHl,...i:llS 00 ()."— Journal of 
Council of Safety, Jan. 23, 1776. 

*.]ournHl of Council of Safety, Jan. 2(5, 177<i. 

t "To Capt. John Caldwell, the i)ay-hills of his company of rangers 
from September 26th, to 1775, Jan. 20th, 1775, £8525 11 8".— Jour- 
nal of Council of Safety, Jan. 25, 1776. 

"We desire you will augment the numl)er of militia now on duty 
in Fort Charlotte to the full luunher of militia and rangers which are 
there at present, and put them under the command of an otlicer in 
whom you can confide." • * " * "When this order is 
carried into effect, Capt. Caldwell will withdraw the rangers and 
march to Charlestown; we therefore recommend it to immediate exe- 
cution." 

* * * * * -.i * * * -;•:■ -X- * * 

"('apt. Caldwell has presentKl to us an account for work done at 
the Fort by certain Carpenters, in which the charges appear to be ex- 
tremely high, and the Captain has nothing to say in support of them, 
and declares himself a bad judge of such matters; the amount moreo- 
ver is neither certified nor attested. We tiierefore take the liberty of 
enclosing it un<ler this cover, and we desire you will cause a projjcr 
iiupiiry to be made, and give us the needful hiformation." — Council 
of Safety to Maj. Willamson, Jan. 25, 1776. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 343 

with his company, was stationed at Dorchester;* and 
perhaps other detachments were serving elsewhere, 
but from the [leadings of the letters iii Col. Thomson's 
order book we are led to conclude that his headquar- 
ters during the spring of 1776. were about the Ten Mile 
House. The following is a copy of one of Col. Thom- 
so!i's orders during this pei-iod of preparation for a 
British attack: 

"March 17. 1776. 
"7o Capi. Roberi Goothrin, Coiiyanrs. 

"Dear Sir: — 1 expect to see you at Nelson's Ferry l)y 
Friday next, or Saturday at farthest, with your old 
Company and all your new recruits. If you will call 
on me Thursday or Friday, 1 will go to Nelson's Ferry. 
Please to order Lieut, Liles to recruit men for Capt. 
Donaldson.* as he is in his Company. [ hope your 
Company will be full very soon. 

"I am. dear sir, your humble serf.. 

"Wm. Thomson." 

On the first of June advices were received in Char- 
lestown that a fleet was at anchor off Charlestown bar. 
The next day orders were sent to the country troops 
to repair to the defense of Charlestown. Col. Thoni- 

"lu the Council of Safety, I 
Jan. 27th, 1776. " i 
"Sir — We desire you will order ('apt. Caldwell to return to Fort 
Charlotte; and as soon as Major Williamson shall have put into that 
post as many militia men as will replace Capt. Caldwell's company, 
iie is to march to Charles-Town, with that company, and report his 
arrival to the Congress or this hoard. 
"By order, 

"Henry Laurens, President. 
"Col. Thomson." 

*See letter to Capt. Purvis, dated Jan. -'{0, 177H.— .Journal of Council 
of Safety, .Ian. ;^1, 177B. 

"Read a return of the gunpowder and other stores at Dorcliester, 
received from Capt. Purves, dated 1st inst."— Journal of Council of 
Safety, Fel>. 3, 177(). 



344 THE HISTORY OF 

son's regiment was mHrched down from the Ten Mile 
House, and the 2nd and 3rd regiments of regulars, un- 
der Colonels William Moultrie and William Thomson, 
respectively, were stationed on Sullivan's Island. On 
June 8th, Gen. Charles Lee, who commanded all the 
forces in and about Charlestown, issued the following 
order to Col. Moultrie: 

"Charlestown, S o'clock, June 8th. 
"Sir, 

"As we have received information that a body 
of the enemy have landed, and are lodging themselves 
on Long-Island, and as the nature of the country is 
represented to me as favorable to riflemen, I must re- 
quest that you immediately detach Thomson's and 
Sumpter's regiments; Capts. Alston's, Mayhara's, and 
Coutirier's companies to that Island, vvith orders to at- 
tack, and if possible, dislodge this corps of the enemy; 
. . . but you must above all, take care, that their re- 
treat across the breach from Long-Island to Sullivan's 
Island, is secured to them in case of necessity. For 
which purpose, you are desired to move down to the 
point, commanding the breach, two field-pieces; . . . 
the sooner it is done the better: . . . you are there- 
fore to exert yourself in such a manner that the attack 
may be made at break of day. 

"I an], sir, yours. 
"To Col. Moultrie. "Charles Lee. 

"Major General." 

In another letter to Col. Moultrie of the same date. 
Gen. Lee wrote: "I have ordered a considerable rein- 
forcement of riflemen to join Colonel Thomson, which, 
with the advantages of ground ought to make you to- 
tally secure." 

The following is Col. Moultrie's reply to Gen. Lee: 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 345 

"Sullivan's Island, June 10th, 1776. 
"Sir. 

"I just now received your orders for detaching 
Thompson and Sunipter's regiment;^, AUston, Mayham 
and Coutirier's companies. By the date of your letter 
it seems as if you intended this business to have been 
done this morning, but your letter came too late to 
hand for that purpose, 1 shall send the detachment 
to our advance guard, there to remain with their 
boats for crossing them, hid till night, then shall em- 
bark them for Long-Island, where they may be re- 
connoitreing till day-light." * * * 

'*I am, sir, your most obedient, 

'* William Moultrie, 
"Col. 2d. regiment." ^ 

But before night Col. Moultrie received the follow- 
ing letter: 

"June the 10th, 6 o'clock, P. M. 
''Sir ; 

•'I am just returned from an excursion into the 
country .... As the large ships are now over the 
l)ar, and as your bridge must be finished: 1 would wish 
you would lay asside all thoughts of an expedition 
against Long-Island, unless your scouts bring such 
intelligence as almost to insure a successful stroke. 

"I am, sir. yours, 

"Charles Lee. 
"To Col. Moultrie. 

"Sullivan's Island." 

In a letter to Col. Moultrie, dated the 11th, Gen. 
Lee wrote: "I hope the point of your Island, oppo- 
site to Long-Island is secui'e against the enemy lodg- 
ing there." The task of guarding that point had 
been enti-usted to Col. 'IMiomson. 

On June 16th Col. Moultrie wrote to Cen. Arm- 



346 THE HISTORY OF 

strong, who commanded at HaddreH's Point, on the 
mainland: "Col. Thompson is now with me, and in- 
forms me that he has taken particular notice of the 
movement of the enemy, he observed about 10 o'clock, 
200 grenadiers, and a small battalion, (which he 
imagines came from Dewee to cover the landing of 
the rest) where they posted themselves, about one 
mile from our advanced guard, and waited until about 
seventeen hundred men were landed. They then 
marched off to Dewees' Island, he observed every six 
men carried something like a tent; they are still 
landing as fast as the boats can bring them. Col. 
Thompson begs that he may have at least his own men 
which are over with you (one hundred) without whom 
he cannot undertake to prevent their landing on this 
island, should they attempt it. We are all in high 
spirits, and will keep a good look out to prevent a sur- 
prise. Col. Thompson requests as a favor, if you have 
time, that you would come over and take a ride on 
the island to observe what a length of ground we have 
to defend." To this Gen. Armstrong replied, on the 
same day: "I shall do my utmost to comply with 
yours and (]ol. Thompson's request, respecting the resi- 
due of his regiment, no passage over, unless you can 
send boats in the morning." * * * * ^q y^^ 
no reason why you may not also reinforce Col. Thom- 
son: nay, if they appear indeed to land on Sullivan's 
it must be done, and the point at the island where 
they may best land, prudently and vigorously defend- 
ed at all events. Let the Col. know this.'* 

On the 21st, Cen. Lee wrote to Col, Moultrie: "Those 
two field pieces at the very end of the point, are so 
exposed that 1 desire you will draw them oflf' to a more 
secure distance from the enemy ... in their present 
situation it appears to me, they may be carried oft' 
when ever the enemy think proper." 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 347 

III a letter to Col. Isaac Hayiie, dated June 24th, 
Hon. Richard Hiitson relates the following incidents 
concerning the 3rd regiment: 

"On their sending their first reconnoitering party 
upon Long Island, one of their men was shot by one 
of our Riflemen. He was dressed in red, faced with 
black, and had a cockade and feather in his hat and a 
sword by his side. By which it appears that he was 
an officer; but that is all we know about him. Some 
time after there happened an affair of a very tragi- 
comical nature; when they began to effect a landing 
on Long Island our President offered a premiurii of 
tliirty guineas to any of the Riflemen who should first 
take one of the King's troops prisoner'. Accordingly 
three of them went over one night for that purpose. 
Two of them agreed to keep together, the other deter- 
mined to go by himself. In the morning by twilight 
the one that was alone descried the two others at a 
distance, and imagining that they were the King's 
troops, took up his gun to fire at them, thinking, I 
snppose, to kill one and then take the other alive; one 
of the others seeing his piece presented, was quicker 
than he was and shot him through the thigh, upon 
which he fell. They immediately ran up, dragged 
him to the boat, threw him in and pushed off, all 
thinking that he was one of the King's troops. They 
had got a considerable distance from the shore before 
the poor man was sufficiently recovered from his fright 
to speak. As soon as he spoke they discovered their 
mistake. He is likely to recover.'* * * * * 
"There was a sham battle the other day between our 
men on Sullivan's Island, and the troops on Long Island. 
Some of our Riflemen had been over in order to 
endeavor to obtain the President's premium, and 
on Friday morning last, the King's troops tracked 
them down to the Breach between the two islands. 



348 THE HISTORY OF 

which tit low water is foixlable. As soon as our guard 
upon Sullivan's Island discovered them, they fired 
upon them with a field piece, which they returned 
l)y Platoons of Musketry. They continued firing at 
each other in this manner across the Breach for 
several hours. One of our men had one of his hands 
blown off by our own Field-Piece, which went off 
while he was loading it, owing to its not having been 
sponged. Two others were wounded by tlie enemy. 
We have not learnt what loss they have sustained." 

It was doubtless this same "sham battle" that in- 
duced Gen. Lee, on June 22nd, to write the following 
to Col. Moultrie: 
"Sir, 

"Inclosed is a letter for Col. Thompson: I send it 
open that you may read it: for allowing for the differ- 
ence of his circumstances as a rifle officer, the spirit 
of the order is to extend to the whole: no vague un- 
certain firing either of rifles, muskets, or cannon is to 
be permitted." And Gen. Lee was probably referring 
to the three adventurers, referred to by Mr. Hutson, 
when he continued, in the same letter: "Soldiers run- 
ning at random wherever their folly directs, is an ab- 
solute abon)ination not to be tolerated." 

But it appears that a few days later there was an- 
other exchange of shots between Thomson's men and 
the enemy, for on June 27th, Mr. Hutson wrote again: 
"The firing yesterday was between the troops on Long- 
Island and our advanced Guard on Sullivan's Island, 
across the Breach. They fired with Field Pieces, and 
threw several shells. The President and General Lee 
were down there at the time. One of the shells burst- 
ed within a few yards of the President, and he brought 
a piece of it up to Town with him. They did not do 
anv execution and General Lee would suffer oniv two 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 349 

shots to be returned from an eighteen pounder which 
has been carried down there." 

On the 27th, Gen. Lee, in a letter to Col. Moultrie, 
wrote: "I have ordered Gen. Armstrong to send an 
hundred volunteers to ease Col. Thompson's regiment 
of their heavy duty, for I find, that a part of Col. Hor- 
ry's regiment* had most magnanimously refused to 
take this duty on them: We shall live I hope to 
thank them." 

On the 28th of June the British fleet, having crossed 
the bar, bore down on the little fort that Colonel 
Moultrie occupied at the western extremity of Sulli- 
van's Island, — but the result of the British admiral's 
temerity on that occasion, in bearing down upon that 
fort, is too well known. The battle, of Fort Sullivan 
is American history. We have only to deal with the 
part taken by our own Thomson at the other end of 
the Island. 

About the same time that the British fleet moved to 
attack Col. Moultrie's fort, the British army of tw^o 
thousand regulars, under General Sir Henry Clinton, 
marched down to the western extremity of Long 
Island, and attempted to cross the inlet, where it is 
fordable at low water, over to Sullivan's Island. Clin- 
ton's army was flanked by an armed schooner and 
a sloop, and by a strong flotilla of armed boats from 
the fleet, with orders to co-operate with the army. 
But Col. Thomson's sharpshooters and artillerists not 
only drove Clinton's regulars back from the ford as 
often as they attempted to cross it, but swept the 
decks of the flotills^ as often as it approached to aid 
the army. And after a short and decisive fight the 
army was defeated and driven off^ and the flotilla dis- 

*Militia. 



350 THE HISTORY OF 

porsed. Clinton's forces, including the marines, num- 
bered nearly two thousand more than Thomson's, and 
yet Col. Thonison bad not a man killed and only one 
wounded. 

While the tight was going on Gen. Lee sent tiie fol- 
lowing letter to Col. Moultrie: 

"Dear Col. 

"Mr. Byrd makes reports of your condnct 
which does you infinite honor; they are indeed such 
as I expected. I have sent for more ammunition for 
you, and ordered a large corps of riflemen to reinforce 
Col. Thompson." Whether Col. Thomson received these 
reinforcements before, during, or after his fight, the 
records do not state; but Gen. Moultrie in his ''Me- 
moirs." p. 142. says that Col. Thomson's force corjsist- 
ed of his own regiment of 300 men, Col. Clarke with 
200 North Carolina regulars. Col. Horry with 200 
South Carolina troops, and the Racoon Company of 
50 militia riflemen. He further says: "Col. Thomp- 
son had orders that if they could not stand the enemy 
they were to throw themselves into the fort" — an or- 
der which, it appears, he was not put to the necessity 
of obeying. 

On the day after the battles. Gen. Lee wrote Col. 
Moultrie a letter of thanks, to which his secretary 
added the following postscript: "The General desires 
that Col, Thompson w\\\ send as soon as he can, a re- 
turn of all occurrences in his part of the Island." 

"On July 1st, (lien. Lee addressed a letter to Col. 
Moultrie to which he added the following postscript: 
"I must request that your garrison may be kept more 
vigilant than ever, and that Col. Thompson and his 
corps do not relax; for it is almost proverbial in war, 
that we are never in so great danger as when success 
makes us confident." But the British were satisfied 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 351 

with the drubbings they had received, and soon sailed 
away from our coast. 

For his splendid victory over Clinton, the Continen- 
tal Congress included Colonel 'rbomson's name in the 
general resolution df thanks to the victorious forces 
on this occasion. 

The following is a copy of the resolution:* 

-Philadelphia. July 20th, 1776. 
"In Congress. 
"Pipsolved, That the thanks of the United States of 
America, be given to Maj. Gen. Lee, Col. William 
Moultrie, Col. William Thompson, and the officers 
and soldiers under their comman*ls; who, on the 28th 
of June last, repulsed, with so much valor, the attack 
which was made on the State of South-Carolina, by 
the fleet and army of his Britannic majesty. 

"That Mr. President transmit the foregoing resolu- 
tion to Maj. Cen. Lee, Col. Moultrie, and Col. Thomp- 
son. 

■'By order of the Congress. 

"John Hancock, President."'! 

The six South Carolina regular regiments were now, 
by resolutions of the Continental Congress, passed June 
18th, and July 24th, 1776, put regularly upon the Conti- 
nental Establishment, and the South Carolina officers 
came into the Continental line as the youngest officers 
of their respective ranks, as will appear by the follow- 
ing resolution of the General Assembly of South Caro- 
lina, passed September 20th. 1776: "Resolved, that 
this house do acquiesce in the resolution of the conti- 
nental Congress of the 18th of June, and the 24th of 
July last, relative to the putting the two regiments of 

♦Moultrie's Memoirs, Vol. I, page 183. 

fFor Col. Thomson's tiDswer to this letter see his order book for 
Aug. 14, 177(>. 



352 THE HISTORY OF 

infantiy, the regiment of rangers.* the regiment of ar- 
tiller\', and the two regiments of riflemen, in the sei-- 
vice of this state, upon the continental establish- 
ment." 

Hildreth says, Histor}^ United States, Vol. III., Chap- 
ter XXXII., p. 109, that "Congress had already! taken 
into Colonial pay:|: the three regiments of South (Caro- 
lina, presently increased to five". 

In the month of July following his victory ovei' 
Clinton, Col, Thomson was called upon to furnish a de- 
tachment for an expedition against the Cherokee In- 
dians in the upper part of South Carolina. 

Upon the breaking out of hostilities, the British 
agents in the South instigated the Cherokee Indians 
to take up arms against the colonists. An Indian war 
commenced, and was carried on with its usual barbari- 
ty. § The speedy departure, however, of the British 
fleet from the sea coast, after their unsuccessful attack 
on Fort Sullivan, gave an opportunity to concentrate 
a large force for the chastisement of the savages. 

Col. Andrew Williamson,!' of Ninety Six District, 
commanded the forces in this expedition. With a 
small force of militia he began his march on the third 
of July. His force being small, his progress was ne- 

* "There are some of my officers, I am informed, who will not take 
Continental Commissions". — Col. Thomson to Major Morgan Conner, 
January 2nd, 1777. 

tTowanl the chjse of 1775. 

JTt was 'T'olonial pay" in name only, for fieneral Moultrie says 
that up to April, 1778, "the state Iiad paid and clothed the troojts, 
and furnished every article that was necessary for military operations 
from their own stores, the continent having nothing here at the 
time".— Memoirs, Vol. II, page 864. 

?Mr. Francis Salvador stated in a letter lo Mr. Drayton, dated July 
IS, 1776, that some of the inhabitants of the up-connfy were so panic 
stricken that they fled as low down as (^rangeburgh. — I)raytoi\'s 
Memoirs Vol. II, page 363. 

l|He was promoted colonel uhiU' on this expedition. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 353 

cessai'ily slow. On the IGth lie reached Dewett's Cor- 
ner near the Cherokee houndary line. Here he was 
joined by Capt. Felix Warley, of Thomson's regiment, 
with a detachment of a hnndred rangers, and a con- 
voy of wagons with anununition, arms, and stores.* 

The Carolinians had several sluir|) engagements 
with the Indians, bnt they finally defeated them; 
traversed their whole country; and laid waste their 
fields of coin; and about five hundred of the Chero- 
kees were forced to take refuge in West Florida, 
where they were fed at the expense of the British 
government. Of this expedition Ramsay says: 

"None of all the expeditions before undertaken 
against the savages had been so successful as this first 
effort of the new-horn conjmon wealth. In less than 
three months, viz. from the 15th of July to the Uth of 
October 1776 the business was completed, and the na- 
tion of the Cherokees so far subdued as to be incapa- 
ble of annoying the settlements. The whole loss of 
the Americans in the expedition did not exceed fifty 
men, but in this number was that w^oithy citizen Mr. 
Francis Salvador.''}- 

In August, 1770, Gen. Charles Lee, comiiianding the 
troops in South Carolina, undertook an expedition 
against the British province of East Florida. Presi- 
dent Rutledge gave oi'ders to Col. Thomson to send 
130 men of his regiment with Gen. Lee. In conse- 
quence of this order Col. Thomson, on August 7th, is- 
sued an order to Major Mayson to take command of 
this detachment at Savannah. Gen. Lee's expedition 

* "Captain Warley with this loaded eoiivoy, luairhed from Charlew- 
tovvn to Dewett's Comer, by the road aloiiji the Coiigaree and Hard- 
Lahour Creek, in fourteen days." — Drayton's Memoirs. Vol. II, page 
843, foot note. 

tFor a sketch of this jieiitleman see Drayton's RIeinoirs, Vol. II, 
])a,ires 847, 84S. 



354 THE HISTORY OF 

left Savannah in September and marched towai'd St. 
Augustine; but two days thereafter Gen. Lee received 
an express from Congress ordering him to the north- 
wai'd with the Virginia and North Carolina troops. 
This put an end to the expedition, and Major Mayson 
returned to the Congarees with liis detachment in Oc- 
tober, and at once gave his men furloughs for thirty 
days, for recuperating. 

On October the 6th we find, by his own order book, 
that Col. Thomson was in camp at the Congarees 
with 161 officers and privates, with the detachment 
that had been sent to East Florida not yet returned, 
though it did return a few days later. 

Scarcely had the detachment under Major Mayson 
returned from Georgia, when Col. Thomson was or- 
dered to send off another detachment to assist the 
Georgians. This detachment, consisting of two cap- 
tains, three lieutenants, three sergeants and ninety- 
three privates, marched from the camp at Congarees 
on October 14th, 1776, under the command of Capt. 
John Caldwell, with orders from Col. Thomson to cross 
the Savannah just below Augusta and proceed to Fort 
Barrington on the Altamaha. A second detachment, 
of seven privates and a, sergeant, under command of 
Lieut. Beames, marched, on October ISth, to join Capt. 
Caldwell, and took orders to Capt. Caldwell instruct- 
ing him to execute his orders, and then to join the 
regiment wherever it should then be. 

On the 2Sth of December, a detachment under Capt.' 
Richard Winn was ordered to Georgia to relieve Capt. 
Caldwell and his detachment. 

The next service required of the 3rd regiment was 
to go to Georgia, in 1777, under General Robert Howe, 
who then commanded the troops in South Carolina 
and Georgia. Gen. Howe, in February, 1777. received 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 355 

intelligence from Georgia tliat a body of regular 
troops, under (V)l. Fuser, were marching to invade 
Georgia, and he immediately left C'harlestown for Sa- 
vannah; but the enemy soon retreated, and in March 
following, Generals (ladsden and Moultrie, command- 
ing at Charlestown, requested Gen. Howe to return to 
that city, which he did in June following. In the 
meantime he wiote a letter to Gen. Moultiie, from 
Savannah, on March IGth, in which he said: "Thomp- 
son's are at Purisburgh, and will he ordered to march 
to-morrow."* They were ]n'obably marched back to 
their homes, for we find in Col. Thomson's order book 
a letter, dated at "Charles Town 25th April 1777", di- 
rected to Maj. Wise, in "Camp near Nelson's Ferry", 
ordering him to send a detachment to Charlestown. 

During the remainder of the year 1 777, Col. Thomson's 
regiment was divided up into detachments, which per- 
formed various duties in difl'erent parts of South Caro- 
lina. One detachment, for some time, guarded the 
jail at Ninety-Six, another, under Capt. Lyles, was, on 
August 16th, ordered to capture several Tory leaders 
in Ninety-Six district and convey them to Charles- 
town jail, v^hile othei' detachmerits w^ere given other 
similar duties to perform. The regiment was en- 
camped part of the time at Amelia and pai't of the 
time at Nelson's Ferry. 

In December, 1777, the State of Georgia being much 
disturbed by British and Tory inroads from Florida. 
Gen. Howe returned to Georgia. 

On April 6th. 1778, President Lowndes wrote the 
following letter to Gen. Moultrie: 
Sir, 

"I liave received letters and information from 
the Congarees, which give good grounds to suspect 
that some design is formed to disturb the tranquility 



356 THE HISTORY OF 

of the interior piirts of this state. Several of tlie in- 
habitants have suddenly and secretly withdrawn 
themselves from their habitations, and have manifest- 
ed, by other parts of their behavior, that some enter- 
prise is in agitation, that may, if not timely attended 
to, surprise us at a disadvantage. I have ordered 
Colonel Beard to keep a good look out, and to raise a 
proper number of his militia, so as to l)e in readiness 
to oppose any sudden attem})t that may be undertaken 
by those people called Tories. 1 have taken the liber- 
ty to direct him in case the matter should wear a seri- 
ous aspect and require a greater force than he can 
readily draw from his regiment, to apply for aid and 
succor to Colonel Thonjson, who, I l)elieve has a de- 
tachment of his regiment near those parts, as 1 in- 
tended to apply to you to give the required assistance. 
I wish the present appearances which have given this 
alarm may blow over* without producing any ill con- 
sequences. Perhaps the late incursions of the Florida 
scouts in those parts, may have afforded an opportuni- 
ty of tampering with the ill-affected, and of exciting 
ill humours amongst them. However this may be, it 
is prudent to be prepared against the worst. 

''I am, &c. 

"Rawlins Lowndes. 
"The honorable General Moultrie." 

On April 7th, (len. Howe wrote, from Savannah, to 
Gen. Moultrie, wishing him "immediately to prepare, 
and have in readiness to march at a moment's warn- 
ing, 200 men"; and in answer to this Gen. Moultrie 
wrote, on April 10th: "I have, agreeably, to your or- 
ders sent 150 men from Thompson's, and 50 from 
Sumpter's regiments in readiness to go off at a mo- 

*They seem to have done so. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 357 

ii)ent"'s warning: I hope, however, you will have no 
occasion for them."" 

Thomson's regiment seems to have been very much 
in demand abont that time. On Api'il 14th President 
Lowndes wrote to Gen. Moultrie as follows: ''As it 
appears froni the concurient accounts of all the intel- 
ligence 1 have leceived, that the disaffected plan their 
hopes and expectations on being joined with a force 
from Florida: and that their aim is to form the junc- 
tion by crossing Savannah river, a condiderable party 
having alieady taken that route, 1 submit to you. 
whether it would not be necessary and proper to post 
Thompson with his regiment at some convenient place 
on Savannah river to interrupt or prevent such a de- 
sign, more especially as he would be enabled from 
thence, more expeditiously to remove to the immedi- 
ate assistance of Georgia. The militia in all parts of 
the back country being in arms, and on their guard, 1 
think no gi'eat danger is to be apprehended, unless a 
combined force should be effected, which must be by 
crossing Savannah river, the guarding of which might 
bafile their scheme."" To this dien. Moultrie replied on 
the same day: 'T just now received yours, and have 
considered with attention what you mention with re- 
gard to posting Thompson"s regiment on Savannah 
river, I cannot at present think it proper by any means, 
and 1 will therefore give you my reasons. That regi- 
ment consists of about one third the number of conti- 
nental troops in this State (150 of them in town which 
we cannot do without, unless the militia will take off' 
some of our guards) and the sending them so far from 
the capital would be running too great a risk, besides 
the harrassing the troops: should any sudden attack 
be made upon our sea coast, we have only the conti- 
nental troops to make head until the militia can be 



358 THE HISTORY OF 

collected, which you know will take some little time; 
should any attack be made on our frontier it cannot be 
halt" the consequence, and should the enemy attempt 
to move with an army through the back country, they 
must drag themselves so slowly along that before they 
could penetrate far we should be collected to oppose 
them; and should they move in small parties I think 
our militia quite sufficient to check their progress. I 
flatter myself that this bustle is not so serious as was 
first imagined, or 1 ceitaiuly should have heard from 
Gen. Howe ere this, to move on the troops, he had or- 
dered to be in readiness." 

But Gen. Moultrie had not long to wait on Gen. 
Howe for marching orders, for on the same date that 
he addressed his letter to President Lowndes, Gen. 
Howe wrote him, from Savannah, as follows: "The 
situation of affairs here, makes it necessary to desire 
that the men under marching orders, repair, with all 
possible expedition to Purisbui-gh, where they will re- 
ceive directions as to their further conduct. You will 
take care that they are provided with every military 
requisite, as this state cannot furnish them. You are, 
however, not to delay the march of the men, for any 
preparations of this sort, as 1 am exceedingly anxious 
for their arrival, and shall continue to be so, till they 
do arrive." 

"When I wrote you before, though I thought it eli- 
gible to prepare for the worst, yet 1 had hopes that 
things would not have been so serious; but the aspect 
they now weai-, induces me to believe, that this state,* 
deplorably weak in itself, will need every support 
yours can give it: 1 am therefore under the necessity 
of ordering fifty men from the first regiment, and also 

*({c(»rf);ia. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 359 

thirty men from the artillery, with two field-pieces, 
with everything proper tor action." 

The occasion of these alarms was the well authen- 
ticated reports received from St, Augustine, that a 
British army, under Tien. Prevost, was about to invade 
Georgia. On April iSth Gen. Moultrie replied to Gen. 
Howe: "1 received yours by express, last night, and 
shall order the first detaidiment off to-morrow morn- 
ing; the remainder of the first regiment and the artil- 
lery will march off on Monday, under the command 
of Colonel Charles C. Pinckney." 

On the same date Maj. J. F. Grimke, Aid-de-Camp 
to Gen. Howe, sent the following order to Gen. Moul- 
trie: 'i am directed by General Howe to request of 
you, that you would have the remaining part of the 
continental troops, amounting to one half the number 
and allowed by the president and council of your 
state, in immediate I'eadiness for marching, upon re- 
ceiving the general's orders." 

On April 24th Gen. Moultrie answered this order: 
"Our first detachment* marched off a few days ago, 
and Colonel Charles C. Pinckney with the second, 
went otf yesterday." =!:*** 'i have order- 
ed the i-emainder of Thomson's and Sumpter's regi- 
ments to be ready to march on my receiving your fur- 
ther ordeis." * * * * "()ur number of con- 
tinental troops belonging to this state, amount to 
about fifteen hundred." 

But Gen. Moultrie was too slow for Gen. Howe, for 
on the 2()th, Major Grimke wrote again as follows: 'T 
have to request your excuse if 1 did not deliver myself 
so explicitly as 1 was ordered to do in the last letter I 
wi'ote you by desire of Major (ieneral Howe. As I 
did not keep a copy, not having time to write it again, 

*Consisting of 150 men of Thomson's regiment, under Major Wise, 
iiU(] ')0 men of Sumter's regiment, under Lieut-Col. Henderson. 



3()0 THE HISTORY OF 

1 cannot refer to the order, nor do I at present recol- 
lect in what mode of expression I delivered myself. 
The order, sir, that it was my intention to transmit 
yon, shonld have positively declared the necessity for 
the imniediate march of the troops, forming and re- 
maining part of the continental battalions in the 
state of South Carolina. Yon will please, therefore, 
to order the troops you refer to, whom you say you 
have directed to be ready to march at a moment's 
warning, and consists of the othei- parts of Colonel 
Thomson's and Sumpter's regiments. They are to 
proceed to Fort Howe, by the shortest road upon the 
Alatamaha, without touching at Savannah." To this 
(len. Moultrie replied, on May 1st: "The excuse you 
request should rather l)e asked by me, as I neglected 
to inform you, that your orders were very explicit, and 
I accordingly put them in execution, excepting for 
Thomson's, in lien of which I sent the hrst regiment, 
as they are better clothed and disciplined." 

The appearance in (ireorgia of so formidable a force 
had the effect of deterring Prevost froni invading that 
State, and Gen. Howe then determined to "carry the 
war into Africa" by marching into P]ast-Florida, but 
the country through whicli they passed was so barren, 
and the season so unfavorable that upon reaching the 
St. Mary's river and capturing and destroying Fort 
Tonyn, it was decided, on July 11th, to go no farther. 
Gen. Howe, with the (Georgia troops, and, it appears, a 
portion of the South Carolina troops — among them the 
detachment fron) Thomson's regiment under Maj. Wise 
— returned to Savannah; while Col. Pinckney with the 
other South Carolina troops returned by watei" to Char- 
lestown. The South Carolina troops reniaining with 
Howe lingered out a summer season in Georgia, and 
when the autumn came the British army again found 
work for them to <lo. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 3(U 

On November 27th, (len. Howe wrote from Zubly's 
Ferry to Uen. Moultrie advising him that the British 
were again about to invade Ueorgia, and requesting 
the ar,sistanee of more South Carolina troops. In an- 
swer to this Gen. Moultrie wrote, on the 2Sth: "I 
have sent an express to Col. Huger to expedite his 
inarch, leaving his baggage and weak men behind to 
come up more at leisure. 1 shall get Col. Henderson's 
l)attalion off I hope to-morrow; Thonjpson's regiment 
is not far from you,* they are taking the shortest 
rout to Purislmrgh." Although (nlen. Moultrie wrote 
"Thompson's I'egiment"", it appears to have been only 
a detachment of that regiment, for Gen, Huger wrote, 
on December 28th. to Gen. Moultrie: "l am just now 
turning out my regiment with Thompson's detach- 
ment, and few of the Georgia continentals, with or- 
ders to take the tiekl immediately"; and we find by 
(.'ol. Thomson's order book that he, with the major 
part of liis regiment, was at this time aiding the civil 
authorities and militia about Oi'angeburgh to subdue 
certain disturbers of the peace, and was ]>ati-olling the 
Edisto and Savannah rivers in order to keep out 
"Florida scouts" and protect the frontier settlers from 
Indians. 

On the 29th. Gen. Howe's army was totally defeated 
by Col. Campbell, and Savannah fell into the hands of 
the Bi-itish. In this tight the South Carolina troops, 
including Maj. Wise's detachment of the 3rd regiment, 
formed the right wing of Hovs-e's army, which was 
commanded by Gen. Isaac Huger. In the meantime 
Major-General Benjamin Lincoln, a New Englander 
whouj Congress had sent to relieve Cren. Howe, had 
arrived in Charlestown and assumed command there. 
As soon as he could collect reinforcements, he marched 

*Wh('rt' tlifv had ]>r<)l)al)ly sin'iit tlie siiiumer. 



362 THE HISTORY OF 

for the Savannah river, arriving at Purishurgli on Jan- 
uary Brd, 1779, — too late to save Howe. That evening- 
he vs^as joined by Howe, and the next day by the South 
Carolina troops. 

Gen. Lincoln remained at Purisburgh. with the Con- 
tinental troops and some militia, having skirmishes 
with the enemy almost daily, until April, when he 
moved his army up to Black Swamp, twenty-five miles 
above; leaving a small force at Purisburgh. On the 
20th of April Cen. Lincoln marched off up the river, 
leaving Gen. Moultrie with a fence of 1200 men at 
Black Swamp. Two days later Gen. Lincoln wrote 
back, ordering (len. Moulti'ie to send up Gen. Huger 
with the remaining (Continental troops, excepting de- 
tachments of the 2nd and 5th i-egiments (numbering 
220 men), to the nuniber of 1000 men. The 3rd regi- 
ment was, therefore, with Lincoln, and shared the for- 
tunes of his army as he marched up on the South Caro- 
lina side of the Savannah, and crossed that river and 
marched down on the Georgia side. The ai'iny was 
engaged in only a few skii'mishes, it is true, but the 
long march through a rough, thinly settled country 
was more trying to the health and spirits of the men 
than a pitched battle would have been. 

While Gen. Lincoln was marching up and down the 
banks of the Savannah river "inspiring the inhabi- 
tants of the country with confidence". Gen. Prevost 
crossed the Savannah liver. on April 2yth, with about 
3000 men and marched for Charlestown. But Gen. 
Moultrie with about 250 Continentals and 1000 militia 
lately arrived from Orangeburgh, was between Pre- 
vost and Charlestown, and delayed his march in every 
possible way: all the while sending despatches to Lin- 
coln requesting him to send reinfoicements, and to re- 
turn to South Carolina with his army in order to save 
Charlestown. Gen. Moultrie was joined at Charles- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 363 

town by a considerable militia force, and by a skillful- 
ly arranged piece of deception Prevost was made to 
believe that the town would be surrendered; but 
when time enough had been gained to bring (len. Lin- 
coln's army, which had recrossed the Savannah and 
was marching to Moultrie's relief, uncomfortably near 
to Prevost all proposals of surrender were withdraw'n. 
It was then too late for Prevost to attempt to storm 
the works around Charlestovvn, and he withdrew to 
the neighboring sea islands. 

On the 20th of June, Gen. Lincoln made an unsuc- 
cessful assault on Pi-evost's trenches at Stono, and the 
next day Col. Grimke wrote a letter to jMr. J. Kean in 
which he stated that ''the left of our line was com- 
posed of continental troops, under Gen. Huger"; and 
we may presume that the detachment of the 3rd regi- 
ment was there. 

A few days after Lincoln's attack on his trenches at 
Stono, Prevost embarked his army for Beaufort, where 
he left a part of his force and repaired to Savannah 
with his main army. 

AI)out the 1st of Se])tember Count D'Estaing, with a 
French fleet, appeared oiT Charlestown bar and an- 
nounced to Gen. Lincoln that he was ready to assist 
him to lay siege to Savannah. On September 5th 
Gen. Lincoln ordered all officers and soldiers to join 
their respective regiments. This brought Col. Thom- 
son and all of the officers and men of the 3rd regiment 
to their places. On the 23rd of September, Lincoln's 
army joined the French, and encamped before Savan- 
vt^h. On the 4th and 5th of October their batteries 
opened on the British works, and on the 9th an as- 
sault was made, which resulted in the defeat of the 
allied forces. The 3rd regiment lost its major, (Samuel 
Wise) one Lieutenant, (Bailev) and 10 of the rank and 



364 THE HISTORY OF 

file; while one captain, (Farrav) two lientenants, (Gas- 
ton and DeSanssure)* two sergeants and twenty-foui- 
of the rank and file were wounded — making a total of 
41 killed and wounded, | 

From certain documentary evidence now before us, 
we are led to the conclusion that Col. Thomson and 
Lieut. Col. Mayson l)oth resigned their commissions in 
the 3rd regiment about the beginning of the year 
1780. It is on the following evidence that we base 
our conclusion: 

Extract from a letter from Gen. Lincoln to Lieut. 
Col. Marion, dated Charlestown, November 25th, 1771): 
"I will inquii-e into the reason why the officers of the 
Third are absent, I must find some officers who belong- 
to another corps to do duty in that l^egiment.'":|; 

Order from Major Edmund Hyrne, Deputy Adjutant 
General, to Lieut. Col. Peter Horry, dated February 
nth, 17S0: "You are this day in orders for the third 
Regiment, and the General desires me to inform you 
that your presence is immediately and absolutely ne- 
cessary. We have certain intelligence of the British 
Troops having landed and we are just informed that 
sail are now off Stono,"§ 

Letter of same date, from Major Hyrne to Lieut. 
Col. Peter Horry: "I am sorry to have troubled you 
with my letter of this date by the Express. Col. Hen- 
derson, (before the order was issued,) informed the 
General he had altered his mind and would accept the 
appointment, and he is accordingly appointed Lt. Col. 
of the third." 

*Tt appears from Gen. DeSaussure's paiiiplilet that hotli of tlu- 
wounded lieiiteiiant.s died of their wounds. 
tSee Soiffh Carolina and American Genera/ G'azeffe, Oct. 2!», 177!i. 
JGibbes's Docunieiitary Histor>-, 1781 and 1782, page 4. 
Hhid, page 10. 
II Ibid, pages 10, 11. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 365 

The next seivice required of the 3rd regiment was 
to assist in tlie defence of Charlestown against the 
fleet and arn]}' which Sir Henry Clinton brought from 
New York against that city in February, 1780. Col. 
Thomson was not with the regiment during the siege. 
Dr. Johnson, in ''Traditions of the [levolution". says 
that he was on detached service in Orangeburgh Dis- 
trict; and John Lewis Gervais, Deputy Paymaster 
General for the Southern Department, writes, in his 
diary of March 10th: "Col. Thomson is forming a 
camp near Orangeburg, to put a stop to plunderers." 
Moses Young writes, in his journal of April 4th: Col. 
Thomson raising men — has got 20". J. L. Gervais, in 
a letter written from Georgetown, dated April 28th, 
says: "By our last advices, Gen. Caswell was, with 
1000 men. near Col. Thomson. Gen. Williamson was 
expected last Sunday at Orangeburg, with DOO men — 
say 600." * « * "Col. Thomson was at Orange- 
burg with 200 men." * * "Major Vanderhorst, 
formerly in the first regiment, arrived yesterday from 
Colonel Thomson." And when Charlestown finally 
fell, one lieutenant-colonel is the only field officer* re- 
corded as having been surrendered by the 3rd regi- 
ment — and that lieutenant-colonel was doubtless Hen- 
derson. 

The reorganization of the Continental Army might 
have caused the resignation of Col. Thomson. Instead 
of having regiments with full colonels, the army was 
organized into 88 battalions, each commanded by a 
lieutenant-colonel. This was done to accord with the 
arrangement in tlie British army, and facilitated the 
exchange of prisoners. It is likely that this change, 
coupled with his long illness, caused Col. Thomson to 

*Tlie major of tlie regiment luwiiig'beeii kille<l at Savannah. 



366 THE HISTORY OF 

resign his regular coiiimission, and resuuie charge of 
a militia organization. 

Not long after the surrender of Charlestown Col. 
Thomson was captured and paroled. While at home 
under parole he was arrested, charged with having 
hroken his parole, and taken to Gharlestown where he 
was confinefl in the hasement of the old ''Exchange" 
for some time. When he was finall}' releiised and ex- 
changed he immediately reported to Gen. Greene, sa.ys 
Dr. Johnson in ''Traditions of the lievolution", and 
was put to scouting. If he had never resigned his 
commission in the 3rd regiment he would, most likel5^ 
have resumed command of the remnants of that regi- 
ment after the fall of Gharlestown. 

Very little is known of the part taken by the 3rd reg- 
iment in the defense of Gharlestown, hut in order to 
show here what is known of the part taken b}^ that 
regiment it will be necessary to again have recourse 
to extracts from journals and documents of that day, 
and histories written since: 

We learn from Gen. Mcintosh's journal, and from 
Gen. Moultrie's Memoirs, Vol. IT, page 80, that Captain 
Goodwyn,* of the 3rd regiment, was killed by the be- 
siegers on April 26th; and when Gharlestown finally 
surrendered on the 12th of May, 1780, the Bi-itish re- 
turns show that the 3rd regiment surrendered one lieu- 
tenant-c()lonel, nine captains, six lieutenants, one sur- 
geon, one surgeon's mate, U) sergeants, 14 drummers, 
and 208 of the rank and tile: making a total of 259. 

By the surrender of I'harlestown the regiment was 

*TIh' roll of ottk-ers of tlic old rejiiriK'iit, taken from (Ji-ii. DcK'His- 
sLire's paniplilot, shows that tlieri' was a Cajitaiii R<ihert Goodwyn 
and a Ijit'Utt'iiant Win. Goodwyn of this refiinicnt, hut it also shows 
that they hoth ivsij>:n('d May SO, 177S; hut from the statcmonts of 
(JtMierals Mcintosh and Moultrie we must t*<Miclude that (ieu. DeSaus- 
sure was mistaken as to one of them. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 367 

practicall.v annihilated; another regiment took its 
place in the Continental line while its men were on 
parole, and when the few survivors were exchanged 
they probably joined other regiments. 

The following account of Col. Thomson and his reg- 
iment is taken t'ronj Johnson's Traditions of the Revo- 
lution: (p. 90 et set].) 

"colonel WILLIAM THOMSON. 

'•(Colonel William Thomson commanded the third 
regiment, called the Rangers; he being from the up- 
per part of Orangeburg District, soon filled his regi- 
ment with many of the best riflemen in the State, he 
being himself the most practiced marksman in his 
command. The tories in the upper country having 
been influenced by Sir William Campbell, the royal 
governor, and his agents, commenced hostilities there, 
and afforded the new troops a fine opportunity for ex- 
ercise and for facing an enemy. The expedition was 
under command of General Richard Richardson,* of 
the militia, and was conjpletely successful, but the cold 
and exposure was very severe to such soldiers. They 
had scarcely concluded this campaign, when news was 
received that Sir Henry Clinton was preparing, at New- 
York, a strong armament against the South. They 
were consequently ordered down to the sea coast, for 
its protection. Colonel Thomson was posted at the 
eastern end of Sullivan's Island, in a small battery of 
two guns, the brick foundation of which has lately 
l)een discovered, by the shifting of the sand. It was 
called the advanced guard, and was ordered to protect 
the island from the bayonets of Sir Henry Clinton, — 
his command of two thousand British regulars, being 

*He wiis Diilv a coloiu'l at that tiiin'. 



368 THE HISTORY OF 

then eiu'amped Mithiu sight, on the we.steru extremi- 
ty of Long Island. 

"This gentleman was horn in Pennsylvani;i, of Irish 
parents, about the year 1727, and removed with his 
fathers family to South-Carolina, while yet a child. 
They settled on the west side of Congaree }-iver, in 
what was called Amelia township, now known as St. 
Mathew's Parish, in Orangeburg District. This was at 
the time a frontier settlement, and young Thonjson 
grew^ up 'amidst alarms and strife,' which trained his 
mind to deeds of enterprise and daring, and nerved 
his body to endure the toils and sufferings incidental 
to border warfare. The rifle became his favorite com- 
panion in all his excursions, and his sure reliance in 
danger. He planted with his father, and aided him in 
guiding the plough, in driving the team, and in all 
the other occupations of a country life.* Being socia- 
ble and friendly in his disposition, he l)e<'ame a favor- 
ite among his neighbors, secured their adn]iration by 
winning the prizes at every shooting match, and com- 
manded their respect and esteem by his uniformly cor- 
rect deportment. 

"About the year 1763,t William Thomson married 
Miss Eugenia b'ussell, born in that neighborhood, the 
half sister of Colonel William Heatly. Her father was 
a native of Massachusetts, and born of English parents 
who had settled in that then Province. 

"In 1769 great commotions arose in the uppei' parts 
of the State, between what were called llegulators and 
Schofilites, At that time no courts wei'e established 
out of Chai'leston, and lawless depredators, living near 
the Indian nations, plundered the industrious, honest 

*In ail affidavit, inado ifi January, 1761, before Andrew Brown, J. 
P., relative to the will otManies Beanies, lie spoke of himself as "Wil- 
liam Tliomson, late Indian Trader in the Cherokees". 

fTluirsday, Ang. 14, 17.>5. 




COI.ONEI. WIJjLIAM THOMSON. 



KKl'KOITC i:ll l-olt THE HISTORY IIK OKA Mi KUT HIi Cor.NlY FHOM 
AN OLII OTL I'OUTKAir IN I'OSSICSBION OK (Il.vlM.KK T. HAKKKl.L. KKti.. 
OF KA\ANNAH. (JHOlfCUA 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 369 

fanners, and escaped over the borders with the stolen 
horses and cattle. The parties aggrieved united to 
protect each other, soon took upon themselves to pun- 
ish the aggressors, and personal feelings no doubt hur- 
ried them on into some unjustifiable acts. They called 
themselves Regulators; the depredators appealed to 
the royal governor for protection, and a silly fellow, 
a Colonel Schovel, was sent up for that purpose. He 
encouraged them to assemlile in arms, and bloodshed 
was barely prevented by the intervention of a few 
more discreet pei'sons. They took their name from 
that of their colonel, and having been screened by the 
royal authority, many of them and their descendants 
became royalists in the revolution, which commenced 
a few years after this event. 

"Among the royalists of 1775, there were, no doubt, 
many conscientious, honest men. 

"To soothe these irritaticms, and prevent future dep- 
redations, sevei'al additional courts were established in 
the upper country, one at Camden, one at Orangeburg, 
and one at Cambiidge. in Ninety-Six, now Abbeville 
District. As soon as the establishments could be car- 
ried into effect, William Thomson was elected sheriff 
of Oiangeburg District, as a man of the greatest influ- 
ence, energy, and decision. He entered on the duties 
of his office in June, 1772, and continued to be called 
upon in all difficulties and in all emergencies of a pub- 
lic nature that subsequently occurred. 

"He was elected a ujember of the Provincial Legis- 
lature, under the royal government, and was a mem- 
ber of the convention which commenced revolution- 
ary measures, adopted a constitution, and organized 
the means for resisting Great Britain. When it was 
resolved to raise three regiments for this purpose in 
South Carolina, William Thomson was elected colonel 
of the Rangers, oi- third regiment, and immediately 



370 THE HISTORY OF 

proceeded to enlist his men, under ordeis issued on 
the 17th June, 1775. Before his number was complete, 
and while employed in drilling his men, the royalists 
in Ninety-Six armed in opposition to the revolution- 
ary government. Col. Thomson had previously been 
out with William Henry Drayton and the Rev. Mr. 
Tenant, acconjpanied by Colonel Joseph Kershaw, of 
Camden, endeavoring to <*onciliate and restrain the 
disaffected in the upper and western portions of the 
State. Now, that the royalists assembled in aims, 
and attacked Colonel Williamson, at Cambridge, for- 
bearance ceased to be a pacific measure. Colonel 
Thomson marched with his command, under General 
Richard Richardson, captured all their officers, except 
Colonel Cunningham.* and crushed their hostile pro- 
ceedings. This was in the winter of 1775, and such 
was the severity of the weather that the expedition 
was designated *the snow camp." 

''Scarcely had Thomson's reginjent returned from 
this campaign, when news arrived that the British 
had assembled, in New- York, a fleet and army, under 
General Clinton, to attack Charleston and overrun the 
Southern States. After this British armament had 
appeared off Charleston bar, but had not yet either 
landed their army or entered the harbor. Colonel 
Thomson asked for leave of absence, that he might 
make some arrangements on his plantation, called 
Belleville, about one hundred miles from the city. A 
furlough was granted him for only two days. He im- 
mediately mounted his hoise, rode home, effected his 
business, and returned to the city within forty-eight 
hours. This is a family tradition. 

"The united attack of this British army and navy on 
Sullivan's Island, and their total defeat, on the 2Sth of 

*Patnck, captain. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 371 

June. 1776, are ns well known as any part of the 
American histoiy. Bnt it is not generally known 
what an important part, in this defence, was perform- 
ed by Colonel Thomson's command. They were 
posted at the easterii extremity of Sullivan's Island, 
in a redoubt, called 'the advanced guard,' constructed 
of palmetto logs, with merlins, on a brick foundation. 
At this point, the army under General Clinton, num- 
i)ering two thousand regulars, was to make the gener- 
al attack, as soon as the fleet should become engaged 
with Fort Sullivan. They accordingly marched from 
Iheir encampment on Long Island, down to the edge 
of the inlet, where it was fordable. except at high 
water. They were flanked by an armed schooner and 
sloop, and by a flotilla of armed boats from the fleet, 
with orders to reach the landing on Sullivan's Island, 
and rake the platform of the redoubt, while the army 
crossed over the inlet and stormed the little fort, 
which was entirely open on the west. Colonel Thom- 
son had but two cannon, and they were manned only 
by his rangers, who had never fired a great gun before 
this occasion. But, with small arms, they were the 
best marksmen in the State, and their commander, 
Colonel Thomson himself, was decidedly the best shot 
of the whole regiment. 

"The flotilla advanced Inavely to the concerted at- 
tack, cheered on by the army, paraded on the shore, 
within speaking distance of the boats. When within 
reach of his guns. Col. Thomson opened on them so 
well directed a fire that the men could not be kept at 
their posts; every ball raked the decks. The flotilla 
njade repeated attempts to reach their destined point, 
and did come so near to it as to be within the range 
of grape shot. This being equally well directed, soon 
cleared the decks, and dispersed the flotilla. 

'•This atta(d^ by Clinton's regulars, on land, was well 



372 THE HISTORY OF 

coucertecl, but not well execnted. Tliey intended that 
it should be made at the same time with that of Sir 
Peter Parker's fleet on Fort Sullivan. Clinton harl 
two thousand British infantry, exclusive of the ma- 
rines and boatmen supplied from the fleet, which 
probably amounted to six or seven hundred more. 
He had, therefore, about two thousand rejjjulars more 
than the whole command of (Jolonel Thomson, of 
which the Raccoon and other militia companies con- 
stituted a considerable portion. The force w^as sufli- 
cient to defeat Colonel Thomson, and then storm 
Fort Sullivan, as was intended. If Wellington had 
commanded instead of Clinton, he would probably 
have passed with more facility than he did over the 
river Douro, near Oporto. Clinton had the command 
of boats for transportation, of which Wellington had 
very few. 

•'Mr. Alexander Forrester, a near relation of the late 
Robert Elliott Rowand, left Charleston at the com- 
mencement of the revolution, and joined the British 
troops in this expedition. He said, in my presence, 
that he was in the schooner, and that it was impossi- 
ble for any set of men to sustain so destructive a Are 
as the Americans poured in upon them on this occa- 
sion; that it was the destructive Hre from Colonel 
Thomson's fort wdiich prevented the flotilla from ad- 
vancing, and not the shoals and sand bars, as was al- 
leged; that it was the repulse of the flotilla which 
prevented General Clinton from fording the inlet, and 
not the depth of water. 

"One of the opposition papers in England, the St. 
James' Chronicle, announces, in an epigram, a miracle 
on Sullivan's Island: 

" 'By the Red sea, the Hebrew liost detained, 
Througli aid divine, the distant shore soon gained; 
Tiie waters tied, the deep a passage gave, 
Hut this God wrought, a ehosen race to save. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 373 

'"•Tlioiiiih Clinton's troops litivc sharo<! a tliffert'nt fate, 
'Gainst thfui, |)oor men! not i'lu)sen sure of heaven, 
Tiie miraele revei"sed, is still as great — 
From two feet <\vep, the water i-ose to seven.' 

"Two other stations are represented on this plan*— 
the rear guard, of which the foundation may still be 
seen, as the foundation of the Episcopal Church, and 
the quarter guard, on or about the site of the new 
Moultrie House. These were spoken of by British 
writers, as efficient means of resisting their combined 
attack, but they had no opportunity of showing what 
they might have done; they never fired a gun. They 
also say, that the inlet wliich ran across the low land, 
called curlew ground, was covered by heavy cannon, 
mounted and pointed in the fort; but this, also, is an 
excuse. The annexed plan of the fort, copied from 
Drayton's Memoirs, will prove that not a single gun, 
of any description, was mounted on the eastern part 
of the fort. A great part of the eastern portion of the 
fort was unfinished, and exposed to the intended at- 
tack of Clinton's bayonets. 

"The riflemen, under Colonel Thomson, were ranch 
amused with the grape shot, and the effects of shoot- 
ing a pocket full of bullets into a crowd of their ene- 
mies, at every discharge; for they could not suppose 
that any one of their balls could ever njiss its object. 

''For his good conduct on this occasion. Colonel 
Thomson received the thanks of Governor Rutledgef 
and of Congress.^ — See vol. i., of Moultrie's Memoirs, 
page 1S3. 

"Moultrie takes but little notice of Colonel Thom- 
son's agency on this memorable occasion. The effects 
of his fire were not known until Ion"- after the revolu- 



*I)r. Johnson's copy of a plan from Drayton's Memoirs. 
tPresident Kutledjje. 



374 THE HISTORY OF 

tion. The British officials am] their ininistiT did not 
like to acknowledge it: the reputation of their navy 
was made to bear the disgrace of this defeat; the 
army was not suffered to come within gnnshot of the 
Americans. 

"American version of Sir Peter Parker's despatches 
to the Lords of Admiralty. 

"My lords, with your It-avc, 

An account I will give, 

That deserves to be written in metre; 

For the rebels and I 

Have been pretty nigrli 

Faith, rather too nigli for Sir Peter. 

"With much labor and toil. 

Unto Sullivan's Isle, 

I came fierce as Falstaffor Pistol, 

But the Yankees,* add rat them! 

1 could not get at them, 

Most terribly maided my i)oor P>ristol! 

"Bold (Minton, l)y land. 

Did (juietly stand. 

While 1 made a thundering clatter; 

But the channel was deep, 

So they only could peep. 

And not venture over the water. 

"Devil take them, their shot 

Came so swift and so hot. 

And the cowardly dogs stood so stiff sirs, 

That I put ship about, 

And was glad to get out. 

Or they would not have left me a skiff", sirs. 

"But, my lords, never fear, 

Before the next year. 

Although a small island <'oidd check us. 

The continent whole, 

We will take, by my soul. 

If these cowardly Yankees will let us. 

It was a happy thing for America that this tlotilla 

*The British called all Americans "Yankees", but it was a sobri- 
(piet which Southerners were never proud to acknowledge. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 375 

was so soon repulsed; had they made another attack, 
they might have effected a landing. Colonel Thom- 
son had, by this time, expended all the ammunition 
provided for his two Ccinnon, and v^^ould have been 
compelled to spike them, and rely on his infantry and 
small arms, to oppose the enemy in their march to 
Fort Sullivan. For this purpose, he had about seven 
hundred and fifty excellent marksmen to oppose two 

thousand British infantry." 

********* 

"From this time, Colonel Thomson continued ac- 
tively engaged, wherever duty or danger required his 
services. Under General Howe, he lingered out* a 
summer campaign in one of the most sickly parts of 
Georgia, w^here inaction and disease, more wasteful 
than war, reduced the numbers and spirits of his brave 
companions in arms, until the British forces, under 
Colonel Campbell, defeated Howe,t and overran that 
State. Next he served under General Lincoln, in his 
various endeavors to protect the Carolinas, by confin- 
ing the enemy within the limits of Georgia, and^ final- 
ly, to expel them, by the attack on their enti-ench- 
ments at Stono. In these harrassing duties, his expo- 
sures brought on a fever, when in the neigh l)orhood of 
Purisburg, and he retired for a while under furlough. 

"Colonel Thomson also served under Count D'Es- 
taing, in his w^ell known disastrous siege of Savannah, 
in which it became evident, as previously demonstra- 
ted in the siege of Newport. Rhode Island, that a iman 
high in rank at the Court of France, and high in the 
favor of his king, was not. intuitively, a skillful ad- 
miral or al)le general. It was probably lucky for the 
Count that he was wounded at Savannah. He had 



*He was not with Howe in tiie sunnntT of 1778. 
tDetvniherlii), 177S. 



376 THE HISTORY OF 

something to show for hi>s defeat— a set-ofp. In this 
unfortunate expedition, Coh)nel Thomson had embark- 
ed with all his family influence, with the highest 
hopes of success. His son, William, his three sons-in- 
law, and two nephews, accompanied him to Savannah, 
under D'Estaing; theii' mortificntion at the result was 
sore, indeed. 

"In these battles, in the pieviotis severe duties of 
the campaign, and in the subsequent exposure and suf- 
ferings of his reginient, little or no mention is made 
in history of the services rendered by Colonel Thom- 
son. Justice has not been done him; probably, be- 
cause he w^as always attached, with his light troops, 
to the command of some officei' of high rank, to whom 
his services were inestimable, in scouting and skir- 
mishing, but not reported in the line of battle. By his 
own men, he was designated l)y the sobriquet, 'Old 
Danger'. Even General Moultiie, when speaking of 
the battle of Sullivan's Island, uses the expression, T 
had seven hundred and fifty men under Colonel Thom- 
son,' although in a deta<died command, about three 
miles off from him. Drayton, in his account of it, does 
not even give, on his map of Sullivan's Island, the po- 
sition defended by Colonel Thomson. 

"When Charleston was beleaguered by General 
Clinton,* Governor Rutledge was advised to withdraw 
from the city, that he might be l)etter able to annoy 
the enemy, and cut off the aid and supplies that they 
might otherwise obtain from the country. P'or this 
purpose, the rangers were withdrawn from the defence 
of Charleston, and kept in active service in Orange- 
burg District. The governor's faujily had been pre- 
viously withdrawn, like most of those who could effect 
it, and were residing near where Stateburg now 

*In 1780. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 377 

stands, afc the house, I believe, of Colonel William 
llichardson, owned and occupied by his son, the late 
lamented Judge J. 8. Richardson. Such was the con- 
fidence of Governor Rutledge in Colonel Thomson's 
character, that when informed of the surrender of 
Charleston, he committed the care of his family to 
Colonel 'W, requesting that he would escort them with 
his own family to some place of safety. The governor 
remained in the State, with the hope of keeping up a 
resistance to the victorious British army. The indis- 
position of Mrs. Rutledge prevented their prompt re- 
moval, and thwarted this arrangement. In two or 
three days after the appointed time, Colonel Thom- 
son's house was surrounded by a body of tories and 
British troops, and he was made a prisoner, with his 
son, William Russell Thomson, then about seventeen 
years of age. 

"The father was sent down to Charleston, and con- 
fined numy months in the 'Provost,' in the same damp 
vaults that are under the present Custom House.* He 
was there confined at the time of Gates' defeat. But 
his son was left at home, w^ith the family, on parole. 
This elegant establishment was called Belleville. The 
British made it one of their garrisons, and stockaded 
it for defence. Various officers were in command of it, 
at different times, and of very different dispositions; 
some behaving with great rudeness and brutality, 
while others were polite, and even kind. It was the 
misfortune of young Thomson to displease one of the 
former description, who did not appear to resent it, 
until removed to the conimand of Foit Granby, oppo- 
site to Columbia. He then wrote to his successor, at 
Belleville, to hang young Thomson for a breach of pa- 
role, without trial or evidence. Fortunately, this offi- 

*The old j)ost-()ffice. 



378 THE HISTORY OF 

cer was a just and huraane man; his name was Stew- 
art. He did not like the duty imposed on hitii, and 
contrived to drop the letter where it would fall into 
the hands of the family. Young Thomson saw that it 
was neck or nothing with him, and watched tor an 
opportunity of making his escape. While standing 
near one of the sentinels, for this purpose, a poor, half- 
starved pig, belonging to the garrison, had escaped 
from his pen and passed close to them, Thomson had 
a fellow feeling for the pig, and thought that both of 
them might escape by the same means. He, therefore, 
persuaded the sentinel to catch it, and started with 
him in the pursuit. The pig, not being overloaded 
with fat or food, ran out at the sally-port, and they, 
whooping and holloing after him, continued the chase, 
until they had driven the animal out of gunshot. In 
the pig chase Thomson lost his hat, but he saved his 
neck. He soon joined Sumter's division,* where a 
horseman's cap was obtained, much more becoming 
than his old slouch. His excellent mother soon de- 
vised means for sending him a change or two of 
clothes, and he was free. 

"Colonel Thomson was kept in close confinement 
until his health was much impaired. He was then 
permitted to return on parole to Belleville. It so 
happened that the officer in command was relieved in 
a day or two after Colonel Thomson's return. Wheth- 
er from private instructions, caprice, or other motives 
unknown, this officer marched Colonel ThouLson back 
with him to Charleston. He was, however, soon per- 
mitted to return to Belleville, which continued to be 
occupied as a British station. About this time it was 
attacked by the Americans, and to this day some of 
the bullet marks may be seen in the house. While he 

*Brigade. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 379 

was exulting with hopes that it might he taken, and 
he released, he was ohliged to provide for the safety 
of his family, hy making them lie down on the floor. 
This attack was simultaneous with that on Fort 
Motte. and was only intended as a feint to prevent a 
junction of the two British foi-ces, the stations being 
within sight of each other. The double purpose was 
answered: when Fort Motte was taken, Belleville w^as 
evacuated. 

''On the surrender of Fort Motte, a number of tories 
wTre found among the British regulars. Most of these 
were of German families, who originally settled Ame- 
lia towmship, and built Orangeburg. The Americans 
were about to retaliate on them as tories, the sever- 
ities inflicted on themselves as whigs. At that criti- 
cal moment Col. Thomson rode over to the American 
camp, and knew^ most of these, his Dutch neighbors. 
He I'epresented to Colonels Lee and Marion,* that 
these people had been compelled to enter the British 
fort, and made to labor as artiticers; that they had al- 
ways been harmless, and tried to keep aloof from both 
parties. Their release was secured. The Dutchmen, 
who had given themselves up for lost, now hurried off 
without thanking Colonel Thomson, or pausing to say 
'Good by to you.' They scrambled over the breast- 
work instead of going through the gate, and some 
rolled over into the ditch, in trying to he the first 
out. 

"In the general exchange of prisoners, effected by 
the address of Major Hyrne, Colonel Thomson was set 
at liberty, and immediately repaired to General Greene 
for service. From his knowledge of the country, he 
was particularly useful in scouting and cutting off the 
couriers and supplies of the enemy. In one of these 

*CTeneral Marion. 



380 THE HISTORY OF 

expeditions, a very young and inexperienced recruit 
was sent out with a detachment, on patrol. They 
fell in with a superior force of the enemy, and were 
hotly pursued. The young man was well mounted, 
and a good rider, but it was the first time that ever he 
had faced an enemy, and when the retreat commenced 
at full speed, he concluded that all the detachment 
would be cut oif. His own comrades galloping close 
behind him, were mistaken for the enemy, and he 
called out for 'quarters!' He spurred on. still crying- 
out 'quarter! quarter! quarter!' until he was actually 
within his own camp. Being then stopped, and asked 
why he continued to cry out 'quarter! quarter!' when 
there was no enemy within half a mile of him, he de- 
clared that he had believed the enemy to be close 
upon him, and expected to be cut down at every leap 
of his horse. 

"The whig ladies were sometimes permitted to en- 
ter Charleston, and Mrs. Thomson obtained from one 
of the British officers a passport for herself and little 
daughter, Charlotte. On her way down, she had an 
interview with her husband, and passed on. She made 
the intended purchases, and while so engaged, left her 
child in a room, only saying that a gentleman or two 
might step into the room, and she must not l)e fright- 
ened, he would not hurt her. but that she must keep 
in her bosom anything that he might place there. 
Accordingly while alone in the room, a gentleman en- 
tered, and looked anxiously around, then bowed to 
her, put a folded paper into her bosom, and went 
hastily out, without saying a word. The mother i-e- 
turned, and they left the city immediately; the father 
again met them, conducted them into General Greene's 
camp, and introduced them to the general. The little 
girl was aske*! by the general, if she had not some- 
thing for him, but she, having been niuch amused 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 3S1 

with the novelty of every thing that she saw, had for- 
gotten all that had passed in the room, and told him 
'no.' He then asked more particularly for a paper, 
that had been put into her bosom, and she gave it to 
him. It has since transpired that General Greene had 
agreed with General Andrew Williamson for a partic- 
ular description of the British forces in Charleston, on 
condition that he should be screened from confiscation 
and other injury. General Greene did obtain the in- 
formation from Williamson, and it was probably in 
this way. through Colonel Thomson. The little daugh- 
ter of that day. is now the venerably Mrs. Charlotte 
Haskill, the only survivor of Colonel Thomson's large 
family. He had four sons and eight daughters. Of 
these sons, William and Paul lived to be married; 
Paul had no children; William left a fine family, 
among whose descendants the name is preserved and 
cherished. The daughters, we believe, were all mar- 
ried, and left families. 

''At the commencement of the revolution Colonel 
Thomson was an indigo planter, living in the enjoy- 
ment of affluence and domestic happiness. His only 
motive for resistance, was a sense of duty to protect 
the chartered rights of iiis country, and the rights of 
British subjects in America. In the course of the rev- 
olution, he lost almost everything that was movable, 
from his plantation. His valuable stock of horses and 
cattle, with his negroes, were dispersed, and most of 
them lost. The camp fever and small pox had been 
introduced into his plantation, by the British troops, 
and about one hundred of his people died of these 
dreadful disorders. But none of his negroes ever left 
him to join the British, notwithstanding their prom- 
ises of freedom, their temptations, and their threats. 
One negro, named 'Abram,' had been intrusted by his 
master with the care of a favorite blooded horse, and 



382 THE HISTORY OF 

the enemy heard of it. All their endeavors to obtain 
the horse were of no avail with Abram. and at last, 
from threats they proceeded to execution. He was 
hung up, by the neck, three several times, until sense- 
less, but still refused to reveal the place in which he 
had concealed the horse. The name of Abram is 
gratefully spoken of by Colonel Thomson's family to 
this day, and his other faithful services recounted. 

"When Charleston was recoveied from the British. 
Colonel Thomson returned to his plantation, and <iili- 
gently endeavored to restore his shattered fortune. 
He continued the cultivation of indigo, very success- 
fully, as long as he lived. His house was ever hospi- 
tably open to all travellers; his friends and neighl)ors 
were ever generously entertained at his plentiful 
board. To some he was too liberal and confiding; he 
involved his estate by securityship to ii large amount. 

"He continued subject to the calls of his country, 
whenever his services were needed for public purposes, 
and again became the sheriff of Orangeburg District. 
He was fond of the sports of the field and of the turf, 
and for his enjoyment in these he kept a choice collec- 
tion of hounds and horses. He enjoyed these pleasures 
the more, in proportion to the number of his associ- 
ates, and was as much amused with their eriors and 
mishaps, as with their success in the hunt. To him 
they were very exciting scenes and incidents. 

"Colonel Thomson's health having declined, lie 
travelled to the Sweet Springs of Virginia, hoping for 
its restoration, but he died there on the 2"2(1 of No- 
vember, 179(>. aged sixty-nine years." 

The late Mr. Simms, in his book, "South Carolina in 
the Revolution", has also paid a trilmte to (.'olonel 
Thomson and the 3rd. regiment, as follows: 

"Tlie resistance to the efforts of Sir Henry Clinton, 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 

with the lan<l ariuy. at the east end of the Island, con- 
ducted h}^ native rifleineii, under Colonel Thompson, 
was such as to paralyze the enemy. This portion of 
the affair has been but little comaiented upon by our 
historians; yet the fire of Thompson's marksmen, with 
rifies, and from two snuill field-pieces, was such^ — and 
the British flotilla, advancing from Long Island upon 
the eastern end of Sullivan's, were so raked by the 
tire — that the men could not be kept to their guns. 
The decks were cleared,. the flotilla dispersed, the en- 
terprise abandoned; yet the force of Clinton consisted 
of 2,000 British infantry, exclusive of some 600 or 700 
marines and boatmen, supplied from the fleet; while 
Thompson's strength lay in his two cannon, a small 
redoubt of palmetto logs, and 700 rifles."* 

Dr. Johuson also gives, in a letter to Col. Wade 
Hampton, dated June 27, 1S42, another account of 
Col. Thomson's defeat of Clinton, which, while it does 
not differ materially fronj that given in his ''Tradi- 
tions", adds some interesting facts. The following ex- 
tracts from Dr. Johnson's letter relate to Col. Thom- 
son and his regiment: 

'•Col. William Thompson, of Orangeburg District, 
having been appointed to the command of the 3d reg- 
iment, had his complement of men soon ,made up by 
the enlistment of some of the most expert Riflemen 
in the State; he himself being one of the most.prac- 
ticed among' them. He had the finest eye that I ever 
saw in the head of mortal man. 

"With but little experience in war, and certainly 
without having ever heard a cannon flred at an ene- 
my, the 2d and 3d regiments were ordered to oppose 
the best appointed armament that had then been 
equipped against any part of the United States, not 

*See i\]iio Southern Quarferfiy J?rricw, IHAS. 



384 THE HISTORY OF 

merely sent for the capture of Charleston, but for the 
conquest of the three Southern States." [The force 
that] "Col. Thompson commanded, was stationed at the 
eastern extremity of Sullivan's Island, called the ad- 
vance guard, and ordered to protect it and fort Sulli- 
van from the bayonets of Sir Henry Clinton's infan- 
try, then encamped on Long Island, within sight of 
the redoubt. He had but two pieces of cannon and it 
was then first proved that the riflemen make the best 
gunners for artillery. The plan of attack was this; 
while the fleet attacked the forts, the British army 
was to land and storm them, if not already abandon- 
ed. An armed schooner and a flotilla of armed boats 
were ordered to attack Col. Thompson's redoubt, in 
order to cover the landing of the infantry. They did. 
indeed, repeatedly make the attack, but were always 
received by the cool, well-directed fire of the Orange- 
burg sharp-shooters, then for the first time firing can- 
non, loaded with grape shot; the flotilla was always 
repulsed with great loss. 

"Mr. Alexander Forester, a near relation of the Kow- 
and family, was in South Carolina at the commence- 
ment of the revolution, and like many other consci- 
encious but mistaken men, believed that his first duty 
was to his king. He returned after the revolution, 
and told my father in my presence, that he was one 
of the detachment ordered to land on the eastern end 
of the Island; that he was in the armed schooner, and 
that in every attempt made to reach the position as- 
signed to them, the destruction from Col Thompson's 
two cannon was so great, and their decks so repeat- 
edly swept by grape shot, that even the seamen could 
not be made to work the vessel, and the landing of 
the British troops was thus prevented. Col. Moultrie 
well merited the praises bestowed on him for so ably 
defending the fort, called fort Moultrie, in compliment 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 



385 



to its gallant defender: l»ut the no less snccessful and 
important duty performed by Col. Thompson, at his 
station, is not generally known. They who suffered 
hy it were the least willing to acknowledge their de- 
feat, and ascribed their failure to other causes. In their 
official desi>atches, they said that the flotilla became 
embarrassed among the shoals, and the channel proved 
too deep for the infantiy to ci'oss over." 



"In wishing you harmony and happiness, I beg leave 
to offer a toast, in which I believe all will cordially 
unite. 

"Col. William Thompson and his gallant sharp- 
shooters of Orangeburg, as true in a fort as in a bush 
fight." 

The following is an incomplete list of the officers of 
Thon]son's regiment, made up from various sources: 



HANK. 


NAME. 


APPniNTKl). 


UKMAFiKS. 


Colonel 
Lieut. Col. 

MajoT* 


\Vm. Thomson 
\Vm. Thomson 
James Mayson 
William Henderson 
.lames Maysou 
Samuel Wise 


At): Jan. 1. 1777 
June l.s, 177." 
Ab: Jan. 1, 1777 
Fell. 11. 17S() 
June 18, 1 775 
Ab: Jan. 1, 1777 


Promoted. 

I'ronioied. 

Killed at Savannah, Oct. JHh, 


Adjutant 
Paymaster 


John Esom 
f'harles Heatly 
John Chesnut 


Ab:July20,1775t 
June 21, 1775t 







*Oii Dec. 2, 1775, a letter was addressed by Henry Laurens, [^resident of the 
<'ouncil of Safety, to "Andrew Williamson, esq.. Major in Col. Thomson's Regi- 
ment at Ninety-Six". This only meant that Major Wfllianis(»n was, for the 
time beins', serving- under Col. Thomson — not that he belonged tt) the 3rd reg;i- 
ment. 

From the Journal of f'oiuu-il of Safety for Jan. 11, 177(>, we extract: "Col. 
Thomson and Major P>rguson of the rangers attended", &c. Maj. Ferguson 
probably bore the same ndation to f'td. Thomson that Maj. Williamson did, as 
I'ecited above. He was not a Major in the Hrd regiment. 

t"Col. Thomson attended the Council, and represented the necessity of having 
an Adjutant to the Regiment under his command. 

"The (^ouncil taking the said representation into consideration, 

"Rf.solved, That as theCongress had not a|)pointed an Adjutant for the Regi- 
ment of Rangers, they can only approve of Col. Thomson's choice, and agree to 
recommend to the next Provincial Congress to provide the pay." — Journal of 
Council of Safety, July lOth, 1775. 

"Tf) Col. Thomson, for pay due to .John Esom, Adjutant to his regiment of 
rangers tils <)0 ()". — Journal of Council of Safety. Jan. 2r!i-d, 177(i. 

JHe was ajipoiuted on June 21st, but his commission was dated .lune IStli. 
See page 1 SO. 



386 



THE HISTORY OF 



HA.NK. 


NAME. 


API'OI.NTKn. 


RKMAKKS. 


Paymaster 


[John James Haig* 


Ab: Sept. 10, 1777 




Surgeon 


Alexamler Rogers 


July 14. 177." 




Taptain 


Samuel Wise 


June \H. 177."> 


Promoted major. 




Ezekiel Polk 




His comi)any classed as vol- 
unteers. 




John Caldwellf 


" •• 


Killed by "Bloody Bill" Cun- 




Ely KershaAV 




[inKham'stories.Nov. 1781.$ 




Robert Goodwyn§ 








Moses Kirklanil 




Deserted to the enemy, 1775. 




Eflvv'd Richardson 


" 


Resigned Jan. 80. 177(5.11 




Thos. Woodward 


" .. .. 


Resinned Jan. 80, 177«).11 


" 


John Purvis 






•* 


John LeAvis I'ever 








Imhoff 


Aug-ust, 1 77.^1 






f'harles Heatly 








Richard Winn 


Mentioned 187H 






John Donaldson 








Felix Warley 








James Wat ley 








Richard Rrown 


October, 1770 






I>Mvid Hopkins 


" 






Robert Lyles 


Mentioned 1 777 






Thomas Taylor 


1777 


ResiK-ned Oct. 1777(1 




J. f'arawav Smith 


177N 




"• 


Mask all 


177S 






William Heatl.v.Jr. 






" 


Jesse Baker° 






" 


John Buchanan" 








William Caldwell" 








Field Farrar° 




Wounded at Savannah. 1 77I>. 




Alexander Keith" 








Keith" 






" 


Thomas Marshall" 






" 


Fiichard Pollard" 








Oliver Tow les" 




Killed by "Bloody Bill" Cun- 
iiiKhani's tories. Nov. 1 7S1 ** 


Lieutenant 


John Lewis Pevei- 








Imhoff 


June IS. ]77."> 


I'romoted Cai)tain. 




Charles Heatly 








Richard Winn 







"Sir — Complaints have been frequently made to ns, of jjreat inconveniences 
arisins: to the regiment and detachments of rangers, from your non-attendance 
In person or by a sufficient deputy. It has been allejfed, tliat Ions continued 
sickness has rendered you incapable of performing .vour duty: if this be true, 
you outjht to have ajjpointed proper clerks, and to have acquainted us with 
the cause of your a))sence. We desire you will immediately take such measures 
as will tend to the public service, and prevent further c<)m))lafnts in your de- 
partment. 

"By order of the Council of Safety. 

"Mr. Chesnut. Henry Laurens, President."— 

Journal of Council of Safety. Jan. 18th, 1776. 

Journal of Council of Safety, Jan. 21), 177(5: "To John Chesnut, esq., Pa.y- 
master to the rangers, for pay of the officers, and 6 companies of that regimeni. 
up to the 20th instant £11, .571 12 11." 

*"John James Haig is appointed Our Pay Master."— Col. Thomson to Lieut. 
Col. Mayson, Sept. 15th, 1777. 

tHe was maternal uncle of John (,'aldwell Calhoun. 

tO'Neall's Annals of Newberry District. 

SGen. DeSaussure says, pam])hlet, page 7, that (apt. (Joodwyn resigned Maj' 
80, 1778, l)ut Gen. Lachlan Mcintosh, in his journal for April 26, 1780, states 
that "Cai)tain Goodwin, of :?d South-Carolina", was on that day killed in the 
siege of Charlestown. 

fJournal of Council of Safety, Jan. 30. 177<>. 

II DeSaussure, page lo. "DeSaussure. 

•*0'Neairs ,\nnals of Newberry District, page 24.'{. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 



387 



KANK. 


NAMK. AITOINTKK. 


RKMARKS. 


l^ieiiteiiant 


.lolin Donaldson Ljnne IS, 177r> 


Promoted Cajitain. 


" 


Husli Middleton 






" 


Louis Dutarfiiif' 




Resigned Jan. -SO, 1770.!? 


" 


FraiK'is Buykin 






<• 


Samuel Watson 






" 


Wni. Heatly.Jr.t 


•• 17. ■• 




" 


David Hoij'kins 


June, 177." 


rromr)ted Captain. 


" 


Thomas Charlton 






• > 


Cantey 


I. 




" 


David Mono>>l)an 




I'iesifjned Dec. 1.5, 177.'i.t 


" 


Moses Vance 


July 1. 177.-. 




" 


Mitfhell 


177.-. 




<' 


Joseph }'ledser 




Resigned Jan. .SO, 1770. § 


'• 


Beanies 


177.^) or 177n 




♦ ' 


r'rowthers 




Resigned Oct. 177S. 




Maskall 


" " " 


Promoted Captain. 




Willam Caldwell 


" " 


Promoted Captain.* 


" 


Charles M.Genney 


Mentioned 1778 




" 


McGinis 






«• 


William Taggert 


" '• 




«> 


Hartll 




Resijrned Oct. 1778. 


" 


Wm. R. Thonisfin 




" " 


** 


Bailey 


177'.» 


Killed at Savannah, Oct. V). 
1779. 


/ " 


Louis DeSaussure 




Killed at Savannah, Oct. 9, 






1779. 


*' 


Robert Gaston 




Killed at Savannah, Oct. N, 
1779. 




William Goodwyn* 




Resif?ued May 30, 1778.* 


" 


John Lisle* 




Aug. 1779.* 


" 


Cato West* 




Se|)t. 14. 1778.* 


," 


Isaac Cowther* 






'• 


John Davis* 






• ' 


Wm. Fitzjiatrick* 






" 


Benjamin Hodnes* 






♦' 


John Jones* 






>' 


Richard Jones* 






" 


Edward Lloyd* 






" 


(Jeorfje Liddell* 






" 


William Love* 






" 


Luke Mason* 






" 


James Roberson* 






Knsisn 


Wm. R. Withers* 






Corporal 


Daniel Shannon 




Thomson's order book. 



Section S. Cohnic/ TIiod/soi/'s Onler Book — June 24fh, 
r/7r^, fo Noreniher Hnl, 1778. 

Dr. Joseph Johnson, in his "Traditions of the Revo- 
lution", page 99, states that the order books of Col. 
William Thomson "have been preserved by his family, 
and are verv creditable to his officer-like conduct and 



§.Iournal of Council of Safet.v, .Ian. :'.(>, 1 77<>. 

tHeitman's Continental Officers. 

JJournal of Council of Safet.v, Dec. 1.'"., 177-.. 

*DeSaussnre. 

llDerrill Hart, no doubt. 



THE HISTORY OP 



discretion." One of these books is now in possession 
of Judge A. C. Haskell, of Colymbia, who has very 
kindly allowed it to be copied for use in this work. 
The book is bound in soft brown leather, is about 
eight by ten inches in size, contains about ninety un- 
ruled pages, very closely written in the style of script 
that generally prevailed at the time of the American 
Revolution. The following is a carefully made copy 
of the original: 



[l]8t Regiment 


2nd: Regiment 


Rangers: 


Ist: Colonel 

£ 
Mr: Gadsflen : (J per Day 


Colonel Und: Regt: 
Wm: Monltrie 


Lt: Colonel of Rangers 
Colonel Thomson 


lA: Col: Isaac Huger 


Lt: f'ol: Isaac Motte 


James Mayson Ma- 


Owen Roberts, Major 


Alexr: Mcintosh Major 






(^'hK:Cli\vt: Piiu-kney.... 
BarnaiMl Elliott 


X 

c 

'S 

a 
s 




's 






J as: McDonald 


F:zek: Polk 


I 


Francis Marion 






= 


Wm: Cattel 






5 


Peter Horrv 


Francis Huger.. . . 




'% 








a 


Adni: McDonald 


Ednid: Hyrne 

Roger Saunders. . 




^ 


Tlionias Evnch 


Thos: Woodward 




Wni: Scott 


Beni: Cattel 






John Barnwell 
















Anthony Ashby 

James Ladsdeh 

John Vanderhost 

John Mouatt 

Thomas Elliott 


X 

c 

eg 

a 

Z 
3 


Alexr: McCiueen 


X 

s 

i. 

s 


Jno: Lewis Pyre Inhoff 
(has: Heatlev ." 


*^ 


Richard Shubrick 

Richard Fuller..; 

Richd: Shingleton 

Jno: Allen Walter 




5 


Richd: Wyron Winn.... 


*! 


Wm: Oliphant 


Hugh Middleton 


- 


Glvn Dravton 


Lewis Dutarque 

Francis Boyakln 

Samuel Wat8f>n 


J 


Joseph loor 


W m : Cha rnock 

Thos: Lesesne. 


Robert Armstrong 

John Blake 










Pay Master: 

Thos: Evanee 


P 


ay Master: 

Jno: Sandft: Dart 


V 


ay Master: 

Jno: Chesnut 



Council of Safety. 



Col: Pinckney 
Col: Laurens 
Col: Parsons 



Mr: Lowniles 
Mr: Brewton 
Ben: Elliott 



Wm: Hen: Drayton 
Thos: Heywood 
John Huger 



\ Wm: Williamson 
[ Thos Bee 
r rhos: Ferguson 
J Andw: Middleton 



On the 2>A^}} June, 1 received my Commission from 
the above named Council of Safety with the following 
orders. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 389 

In the Council of Safety, 

21^;. June 1775./ 
To William Thomson Esq}'. 

Lieut: Col: Commandantof theRegim* of 
Rangers or to the commanding officers for the time 
being. 
Sir, 

You are hereby directed forthwith to Issue Or- 
ders for levying in this and the adjacent Colonies 
proper men not exceeding thirty in each Company to 
serve for six months certain and not longer than three 
Years in the Regiment of Rangers under your com- 
mand observing the Articles agreed upon in Provin- 
cial Congress, for Ordering and governing the Forces 
in this Colony. And it is recommended to all the 
good People of this and the neighboring Colonies to 
give you and the officers under your command all 
necessary aid and assistance therein. 

Signed by the above Council. 
True Copy. 

Amelia 24^1' June 1775./ 

Sir. 

Inclos'd is a Copy of orders I rec*? from the 
Council of Safty. You will observe the contents and 
give orders accordingly to the four upper Companies 
Viz: Captf. Perwis. Kirkland, Caldwell, and Polk, 
you will also order an Encampment in the most con- 
venient place near Reedy River and that each CaptV. 
as soon as he has enlisted Ten men to send them to 
the Camp in order to learn their Exercise and be in 
readiness with a good Horse, and Rifle, and other ne- 
cessaries. 

directed sign'd 

To Major James Mason. Wm Thomson 

True Copy 



390 THE HISTORY OF 

same dny gave orders to the lemaining Hve Capt*: 
Wise, Woodward, Kirshaw, Rirhardson, and Good- 
wyn, for their levying thirty men with speed, with 
oi'ders for each Captain immediately upon raising Ten 
men to send the same to their Camp near Holmans. 

Wni Thomson 

In the Council of Safety, 
Orders. 
To Col: William Thomson 

Charles Towne June 26^1? 1775 

Sir, 

You are hereby forthwith ordered to station at 
Fort Charlotte a Company of Rangers to Harrison that 
Post, and to take care of the Military Stores which are 
there deposited. 

You will direct the commandiiig Officer of this De- 
tachment to take an Inventory of the Military Stores 
he shall find in the Fort and to send to the Council of 
Safety an Exact Copy of it, and also an Account of 
the state of the works. 

Order the Commanding officer, whom you send on 
this Service to inlist the Men at Present in Garrison 
to serve as Rangers if they are willing, and give Mr. 
Whitfield* all proper Encouragement to remain in the 
Fort, provided he will be subject to your order, we are 
very desirous of retaining him in the Service of the 
Colony, and therefore you might propose to him pay 
equal to his present allowance, which we will confirm 
if he accepts it, and will upon Your Recommendation 
of him as a proper Person appoint him to the first Va- 
cancy in your Regiment. 

You will also cause the two Brass Field Pieces, and 

*Georj;;e Wliittit'ld, a iui)lic\v of tlu' ctlchratcd Rt>v. George Whit- 
field. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 391 

all tlie Spare Bayonets in the Fort, to be sent in a cov- 
ered Wagijoii and by a careful Waggoner to the Coun- 
cil of Safety in Charles Town. 

You will immediately send a copy of these Instruc- 
tions to Major Mason, in order that he may not exe- 
cute any thing relative to the Directions he had con- 
cerning Fort Charlotte. 
We are Sir. 

Your most humble serv^ 
Col. W'»' Thomson By order of the Council 

Henry Lawren«, President. 
Colonel W"' Thomson 



Amelia July l^t 1775./ 
Orders: 
To Major Ja^ Mason. 

Sir. Inclos'd you will find orders, I 

rec*? from the Council of Safety You are hereb}" or- 
dered forthwith carefully to put them into Execution, 
direct CaptV Perwis to take the Command, desire 
You will see that he has good likel}^ Men and good 
Rifles &c. 

Desire You may give CaptV Purvis orders to see that 
M^ Whitfield and his Possession is not molested if he 
will accept the offers made him, and if it is conven- 
ient for him I would be glad to see him at my House. 

I hope you will see that the four Capt'' of Rangers 
in your neighborhood does list good likely Rifled 
Men. T expect to hear from you as soon as you have 
executed these orders, which I make no doubt will be 
on sight. I intend for Town this Day week, but will 
be home in few Days. 

W'" Thomson. 
True Copy 



392 THE HISTORY OF 

Amelia b; July 1775. 
Sir 

Yours of the 29''' by M"" Swcinston I rereived, I 
desire Yoa will send some of Your Men, not less than 
Twelve, with one Officer, as soon as You can, I inclose 
You the Articles against Meeting, and the Oath to be 
taken by the Men when listed. Have the Meeting 
Act Read to Your Men, and them properly enlisted, 
good likely Rifles, 1 hope to see You have, as 1 know 
You can have choice, tell my Friend your Brother, I 
am ohlig'd to go to Town this Day Week, as soon as 
I return hope to see him, in mean while hope he will 
endeavor to settle the Minds of the Catawbas as I am 
almost sure some one has been tampering with them. 

True Copv. W"* Thomson 
To 
: Capt" Eli Kirshaw. 

Sir, 3'''^ July 1775./ 

Some time past 1 wrote to you to come down or 
send Your Lieutenant to receive Your commission and 
orders, but has not heard from You, makes me think 
the Letter miscarried I expect you have listed Your 
number of thirty before this time our Can:ip is near 
Holman's on the old Road, 1 shall go to Town Satur- 
day, in the mean tinje beg to see you or Your Lieu- 
tenant 

I remain. Sir 

Your humble Servt 

True Copy i W Thomson 

To CaptV Woodward, 

In the Council of Safety, V6^}^ July. 1775. 
ordered, 

That Col: William Thomson do immedi- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 393 

ately make a return to the Council of the several 
Companies in the Regiment of Rangers specifying the 
names of the officers non=coni missioned officers, and 
Privates, the station of each Company together with a 
state of their Cloathing, Horses, and Ammunition. 

That if the Companies are not full, he use his ut- 
most Diligence in order to complete them- and that 
each Man be well mounted, armed and accoutred. On 
the Tenth Day of August next, Eight companies shall 
rendezvous at some proper Place to be appointed by 
the Colonel, and march \)j the following Routes, to 
wit: 

Three Companies to the Southward by Orangeburgh, 
to the three Runs, thence down Savannah River to 
Purrysburg, thence to Ponpon, and downward by the 
High Road. 

Three Companies to the Northward, by the Kings 
Tree, and the most Populous Parts of Waccamaw^ and 
Pedee to George Town, thence by Wambaw to Hugers 
Bridge, and by the Strawberry Road going up to 
Childsburry=Town to Biggin Bridge, Monck's Corner, 
and thence downward by the High Road. 

Two Companies through S^. Stephen's Parish down 
to Monck's Corner thence to Edistow saw Mills, and 
from thence thro' the Horshoe, and Round to Par- 
kers Ferry, Dorchester, and thence down the High 
Road. 

That Col: Thomson do march with the First Detach- 
ment to the Southward. That Major Mason do march 
with the second Detachment to the Northward. 

That the senior CaptV on Duty march with the 
third Detachment of two Companies. 

That the whole meet and rendezvous at some con- 
venient Place within Ten Miles of Charles Town on 
the First Day of September, and that notice of the 



394 THE HISTORY OF 

Junction and Encampment he iminediateh' given to 
the President of the Council. 

That the utmost Diligence be constantly used, to 
train and Exercise the Regiment by Companies and 
otherwise as Opportunities may permit, in the use of 
Arms agreeable to the Manual Exercise approved of 
by the Council. 

That strict discipline be at all times kept up in the 
Regiment, Companies, and Detachments, . , That Ma- 
rauding and every degree of Injury to the Inhabi- 
tants or their property be strictly forbidden; and that 
exemplary Punishment be duely inflicted upon offend- 
ers against the orders of the Council and the Articles 
of War. 

That all needful and proper Assistance be given, 
when required by the Parochial Committees, officers 
of the Colony Regiments of Foot, Magistrates and offi- 
cers of the Militia who have signed the genei-al Asso- 
ciation; and imuiediate Notice transferred to the 
Council of such Requisitions, and services intended or 
performed. 

That orderly Books be kept by the commanding of- 
ficer of each Detachment and the whole returned, to- 
gether with a State of the Regiments, at the time of 
their Rendezvous on the first of September to the 
Council. 

As there are persons suspected of attempts to alien- 
ate the affections of the Inhabitants of this Colony 
from the Interests of America, Col: Thomson and all 
the officers of the Regiment of Rangers, are ordered 
to take proper Notice of such suspected Persons. And 
if it shall appear to the Colonel, or the Commanding 
officer of any Detachment, that the conduct or be- 
havior of such Person or Persons are dangerous to 
the safety of the Colony the Colonel or such Com- 
manding Officer of any Detachment is required to 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 395 

confine such Person or Persons in the District Gaol or 
otherwise, and report immediately to the Council of 
Safety. 

Col: Thomson is to procure from Fort Charlotte, 
half a Pound of Gun=Powder per Man, and Lead in 
proportion, for the Eight Companies which are to 
march and to the Commanding Officer of Fort Char- 
lotte, a receipt for such Powder and Lead. Strict or- 
ders to be given for the Preservation of such Pow- 
der and Lead, against all kind of Damage; and that no 
part be used but as occasions may require solely for 
the service of the Colony. 

Owners and Keepers of Ferries are to charge Ferri- 
age of the Rangers and their Horses, to the Public: 
Accounts thei'eof to be certified by the Commanding 
officers of Detachments, and transmitted to the Coun- 
cil of Safety.* 

The Council of safety recommend to the Inhabi- 
tants — throughout this Colony, to treat the Regiment 
and Detachments of Rangers with Hospitality, and to 
supply them with Provision and necessaries, for their 
Money, at Reasonable Rates. By order of the Council 
of Safety. 

Henry Laurens 
True Copy. President. 

Amelia 17t.'> July 1775./ 
Sir, 

I herein inclose you copy of the orders received 
from the Council of Safety. You will please to give 
the three Companies in Your District orders accord- 
ingly I should be glad if you would have them all in 
Amelia by the sixth Day of August as I could wish to 
have them together four Days before they March. 

* "To Jonas Beard, for ferriajie of rangers, £84 17.s (Jd." — Journal 
of Council «)f Safety, Nov. 30, 1775. 



396 THE HISTORY OF 

You'll observe the Instructions about the Powder 
and Lead in Proportion and order down sufficient 
Quantity for the five Company's in this Neighbourhood, 
as perscribed in the General orders, that I may be able 
to make a return of the whole You may supply those 
three Company's with their Dividend of Powder and 
Lead before they come down in order to save Car- 
riage. I make no doubt but you have comply'd with 
the orders concerning Fort Charlotte before this time. 
I should be glad to hear from You immediately. 

To W>" Thomson 

Major Ja^ Mason. True Copy. 

Amelia 17^.'' July 1775./ 
Sir, 

You are hereby required to rendezvous your 
Company in Amelia by the sixth of August next, in 
the meantime you are to be very diligent to learn them 
their Exercise. 1 hereby send you the Manual Exer- 
cise that is ordered to be learned by the Council of 
Safety, which You'll please to teach them except the 
Bayonet Exercise, and in loading, the Breech of Rifles 
must go to the Ground, and that You immediately 
make a return to me of your Company, specifying the 
names of the Officers, non commissioned officers, and 
Privates, the Station of Your Company with the State 
of their Cloathing, Horses, & Ammunition, if yonr 
Company is not full, use your utmost diligence to 
compleat it 
I remain 

Sir Your humble Serv^ 

W»» Thomson 

The underwritten is a Copy of Orders from the 
Council of Safety, which please strictly to observe. 
"As there are Persons suspected of attempts to 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 397 

"alienate the affections of the Inhabitants of this Col- 
''ony from the Interest of America, Col: Thomson and 
"all the Officers of the Regiment of Rangers are order- 
"ed to take proper Notice of such suspected Persons. 
"And if it shall appear to the Colonel or the Com- 
"manding Officer of any Detachment that the Conduct 
"and Behaviour, of an,y Person or Persons are danger- 
"ous to the Safety of the Colony, the Colonel, or such 
"commanding officer of any Detachment, -is required 
"to confine such Person or Persons in the District 
"Gaol, or otherwise and report to the Council of safe- 
"ty immediately. 

The above is a copy of Let- 
ters to Capt'.i^ Wise, Woodward, Goodwyn, Kirshaw 
and Richardson. 

True Copy. 

In the Council of Safety. 

Charles Town, W}^ July, 1775. 
Ordered. 

That Col: Thomson do immediately march 
with his whole Regiment, or such Part as may be ne- 
cessary for his Service, and take possession of Fort 
Charlotte, if the same is not already secured agree- 
able to the order of the 26th of June last, after which 
he is to leave one Company in Garrison and follow his 
late orders: And that the President do forthwith 
transmit a Copy of this Order and write Col: Thomson 
on the Subject. 

Sign'd 
True Copy. Pef; Timothy, Secretary. 

lOtJi July 1775 
Sir 

Please to order your Men to be in readiness to 
March at half a Days Warnings for perhaps I may call 



398 



THE HISTORY OF 



upon thern about Monday next to take a Tour of 
about Ten Days, owing to some Intelligence I just 
now received let Lieutenant Hopkins proceed on his 
Journey, forward the Express to Major Mason with all 
possible speed I am. 

To Your hnm'ble Serv^ 

CaptV Robert Goodwyn. W T. 

Amelia. lOtj. July 1775. 
Sir 

I just now rec^J your friendly Letter with the 
orders from the Council of Safety which shall he put 
in execution immediately. I expected that Major 
Mason had executed the orders of the 26fJ' June long 
before this time, as I trusted that part of the service 
to him with particular orders to execute it, being in 
his neighborhood I am very sorry the Council of 
Safety has to i-epeat their orders to me. 

To W T: 

Col: Hen: La wrens. 

True Copy. 

m^ July 1775. 
Sir. 

Since the Express sent You, Yesterday, I have 
rec<J Orders from the Council which makes it neces- 
sary to March to Fort Charlotte on Savannah River, 
It is hereby ordered that You, with your Com pan}' 
meet me on Sunday next at the Congarees in readi- 
ness for that Service. 

W Th. . 
Copy's of the above was sent to Capt^: Woodward, 
Richardson, and Kirshaw. 

True Cop3^ 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 399 

Amelia. 19^.1? July 1775. 

Sir, 

Since the Express sent you Yesterday, I have 
re('<? a Letter and orders of which I have sent you a 
Copy, 1 desire you will in) mediately transmit to me a 
state of the whole affair as it now stands. I shall col- 
lect four of the Lower Company's Immediately and be 
at the Congrees in five Days in order to March up if 
the needful is not done already of which I hope to be 
acquainted from you before that Day. I desire you 
will collect the four upper Company's to have them in 
readiness to join me when T come to Ninety six, that 
is if Capt. Purvis is not in the Fort already according 
to the first Orders, If so the express of Yesterday will 
acquaint You what to do with the other three Com- 
pany's. I shall be extreamly sorry & surprized to find 
the orders of the 26*'^ has not been put into execution 
by You, as I depended entirely on You, expecting to 
have them as absolutely executed as If I had been 
present. I shall add no more at present but that I 
expect to hear from You as above. I am 

Your humble Serv* 
True Copy W T. 

To 
Major James Mason. 

For Copy of Letter and & order sent inclosed see. 
orders sign'd Pet'.' Timothy & Letter. Henry Law- 
re ns. 

Granby near Fridays Ferry, the 22^^ Jnly 1775 
The Honourable Council of Safety. 

Gentlemen, 
I this evening arrived at this Place 
with an Intention to have March'd in the morning 



400 THE HISTORY OF 

with Capt^ Kirshaw, Richardson, Goodw\ n's & Wood- 
ward's ill order to carry into Execution your orders of 
the 15^'i Instant, it was not in my Power to collect the 
four Cympanys together sooner Capt" Wise being at 
the gi'eatest distance and also near a Quarter where t 
was inform'd several disaffected Persons live say on 
Thomson's & Lynch's creek's, for whitdi reasons 1 
only sent him your orders of the 13^'' Instant, & in- 
tended leaving him there in order to watch the Inten- 
tentions of these Persons, But on my way up hither, 
1 met an express from Major Mason, to the Council of 
Safety and also one for my self, a copy of which I 
herewith send you Inclosed. I shall now Camp a few^ 
miles above this Place, with the four Company's above 
mentioned & dispatch iin Express to Capt: Wise in the 
morning with orders for him to repair immediately 
with his Company to this Cam]\ I shall also send or- 
ders to Major Mason to have Fort Charlotte well 
guarded. If he finds it necessary with the whole of 
the other three Company's, or whatever part of them 
may be rais'd. The paymaster who is now with me, 
has only yet received 1000£ which 1 brought up from 
Charles Town for him, there being no more ready 
£500 of which shall be sent Immediately to Fort Char- 
lotte, with a Detachment that I purpose sending there 
in order to get a small supply of Gunpowder, and 
Lead agreeable to your order of the 13t'> Instant being 
entirely without, Excepting 151';'' borrowed of M'! Kir- 
shaw, this will be handed you by Capf; Woodward* 
who being desirous of going to Town in order to fit 
out himself and his Men, & as he also comes from near 
that Quarter where most of the disaffected lives he 

* "The President laid before, and read to the Coiuieil, sundry pa- 
pers, contained in a dispatcli from Col. William Thomson, reeeiveiJ 
Jast nijiht l)y Capt. Thomas ^Vood ward, of the Uangers." — Journal of 
Couneil of Safety, July 2t>tli, 177"). 



ORAT^GEBURG COUNTY. 401 

f 

may be able to give .some farther particulars as with 
regard to them. 

I am Gentlemen 

Your most obt Serv* 

W»i Thomson 

Sir, Your favour dated, Amelia June 

27t.'i oame safe to Hand, on Sunday last the 2"^ In- 
stant. I have the honour of acquinting You b}^ the 
return of the F]x|ness that we left Charles Town not 
sooner than the 24^'' of last Month, the very Day after 
the conclusion of the Provincial Congress, having ar- 
rived at my Place I begun imniediately to enlist Men, 
the number of which consisting this Day in 22 well cho- 
sen, young, and well mounted Men, I shall no doubt 
coinpleat my Company, this, or the beginning of next 
week. But permit me Sir. to observe that our people 
wants time to ecjuippe, and piepare for a march as 
long as such we have to perform from this place to the 
Camp. I hope to set out at the Head of the whole 
Company about the \^} of August, and Join the Camp 
with all possible diligence. I have the honour to be 
Sir 

Your most obedt humble Servt: 

Sam\ Wise 

Pedee the 15ti> July 1775. 

Sir, 

Just as I was about to dispatch Mr. Sallens yes- 
terday with the four Blank Association Papers, which 
you will receive in a seperate packett, certain intelli- 
gence arrived from. Fort Charlotte which render'd it 
proper to detain him till this morning. 

The Council of Safety alarmed by an intimation of 
Mr St Pierres proceed — with one Cossel, in the Fort 
as given by Capt: Whitefield in a letter to Mr. Gervais 



402 THE HISTORY OF 

& not clearly informed of the part which the Capt 
himself means to take, are anxious that you should 
can-y their Orders of the 26*'i June into execution &■ 
immediately take possession of the Fort & all the 
Military & other Stores contained in it. for this end 
the Council made another oider last night for enforc- 
ing the former, a certitied Copy of which you will find 
here inclosed. 

The Gunpowder is most particularly recommended 
to your care, not only to get possession of the whole, 
but to prevent damage waste and misapplication of 
any part & not a moment to he delayer]. 

I flatter myself with hopes that you will have antic- 
ipated the wishes of the Counril, that the Fort is now 
in the Hands of their Officers nevertheless I have it in 
charge to signify their commands that if it shall be 
necessary You immediately attempt to surmount 
every difficulty by the united efforts of your whole 
Regiment, You at their Heads together with such as- 
sistance as our Friends & associates in that neighbor- 
hood may think proper to lend upon this momentous 
affair. The Council entertain hopes that Capt: White- 
tield will associate in the Interest of America, in such 
case he will correspond with the Council, by trans- 
mitting to them a return of all the Stores at the time 
of his surrending to their officer which must be coun- 
tersigned by that officer or Yourself if you shall find 
it necessary to go there. 

The earnestness of the Council upon this important 
service impels n)e in conclusion of the subject again 
to repeat, it is their order, you take possession of the 
Fort and Stores without delay & also without delay 
you transmit a return of your proceedings including a 
complete Inventory. 

I must also this occasion particularly refer you to 
the Councils orders which 1 delivered you Yesterday 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 403 

for direction in case <>f opposition by an}' person either 
openl^y or otherwise were presumptive evidence is 
strong. And tliis moment when T cannot receive the 
Instruction of the Council «t when I dare not delay the 
messenger, it occurs to me that CaptV Whitfield how- 
ever ohearfully he may shew an inclination to serve 
the Colony by resignation, may not be content with a 
subcommand / if he is a man of spirit he will not/ in 
such case I recommend that you advise him to come 
to Charles Town & apply to the Council which I add 
from a Zeal for the Public service as well as from a 
feeling for a (ientleman, in the circumstances which 
he will be reduced to therefore if he follows my advice 
& does not succeed in This application to the Council, 
1 shall hold n)yself answerable to reimburse if he de- 
sires it) the expence of his extra journey in conse- 
quence of my reconnnendation. 

I have the Honour to be president 
to the Council & Sir 

Your most obed^ Serv*: 

Henry Lawrens 

P S: in Council, by order, the Letter which comes 
inclosed with this is to be delivered to Capt White- 
fieid a'fter he has signed the association otherwise not 
for some Days after You have taken possession of the 
Fort. 

Col William Thomson H L* 

Null. Granby neai- Friday's Ferry, 22*1 July 177 
The Honourable the Council of Safety 

Gentlemen. 

I havef 

* "The (%niiK-il havinji approved the letter, agreed witli Thomas 
Hingelton to deliver it to Col. Thomson, for forty pounds enrreiiey." — 
.Journal of Council of Safety, July 1(5, 1774. 

tThe rest of this letter was not copied into the order book. 



404 THE HISTORY OF 

P: S to the Letter dated 22^' July 1775 
to the Council of Safety, 

P. S: Mr: Chesnut informs me that King 
Prow, with about 50 of the Catawba's are now at Cam- 
den on a friendly visit. Mr: Kirshaw & 1 myself are 
both at a loss what to do with regard to taking some 
of them into pay for want of Your Instructions.* 

W T, 

Granby near Friday's Ferry 22*^ July 177 

Col? Henry Lawrens, 

Di' Sir, I herewith send you In- 

closed Copy of orders I sent to Major Mason with the 
order of the 26th ^ifo from the Council of safety 1 an) 
sorry Major Mason, has so unfortunately lost the Gun- 
powder, & cannot tell why he brought it out of the 
Fort, perhaps the Council of Safety order'd him to do 
so, as be told me when on his way up from Town, that 
he had orders relative to Fort Charlotte, but did not 

* "Tlu" following letter was written l>y the President to Joseph Ker- 
shaw, es(i,, laid before the Council and approved of: 

"Charles-Town, July -oth, 1775. 

"Hiir — The Council of Safety have ordered me to acknowledge the 
receipt of your fovour of the 8th instant, and to return tlieir thanks 
for your assiduity in treating with the old men and head warriors of 
the Catfiwba Indians, 

"Your assurances that those people are hearty in our interest, and 
your hopes that forty or fifty of them will cheerfully enter into the 
service of the Colony, aflbrds the Council additional satisfaction, and 
the design of uniting them to tiie Regiment of Rangers is a measure 
which tliey altogether approve of, l)ut to be under the particular direc- 
tion of a whire man, agreeable to a resolution of the Congress in their 
late session. 

"The Council request you to give tliem immediate notice wiien any 
body of the Catawbas are ready to march in order to join the Ran- 
gers, and that you will recommend a white man well qualitied to lead 
them in scouts, and in action. Transmit your notice by the iiands of 
such a one. The Council will give him a commission, and dispatch 
him with a letter to Col. Thomson, in whose camp he will meet the 
Indians," — Journal of Council of Safety, July 2(5, 1775. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 405 

inform nip what they were, and kept it a secret from 
me, as I could wish he had done from all others. T am 
doubtful that the officers in that Quarter are not the 
persons esteenj'd among their neighbors, & that they 
have not told the men their duty at the time of their 
Enlisting them, however j^ou will be better able to 
Judge when you Peruse the inclosed papers, by w^hich 
3^ou will also see how Fletchall, Cunningham & Robin- 
son has deceived and deluded the poor people, in the 
Fork, Between Broad & Saluda Rivers I am Clearly of 
opinion if some Gentlemen of the Council of Safety, 
or of the most noted Character together with Coll? 
Richardson (as many of these People formerly be- 
longed to his Regiment) could be prevailed on to go 
up among them that could these unhappy 

disputes lietween Great Britain & the Colony's in a 
proper Light that most of them might be brought over 
by fair means. I do not mean Fletchall Cunningham 
& Robinson, if they was Cherokees Chiefs or Leaders I 
would v^enture to loose my life or send their Scalps to 
the Council of Safety But the poor people they have 
deluded, 1 am of opinion might yet be convinced of 
their Error. 1 think M^; Tennent would be a good 
hand to send up as a great many of those people are 
of his — Religion. I sent Lieut: David Hopkins with 
association Col. Fletchall, & expect him Back 

on Tuesda}^ or Wednesday next, & will immediately 
let you know what success he had. 

When I was left in Town 1 apply'd to the Council of 
Safety for a warrant for our Doctor Alexander Rogers, 
which I did not then get, and a Blank appointment 
for his Mate, 1 likewise apply'd to have an Adjutant 
appointed would be glad to know if the Council made 
any order for one. 

I am 

I)'- Sir &c 



406 THE HISTORY CF 

NB 

I would Just beg leave to mention that I am well 
inforiued of there being a private *eak & great 

resentment between Mayson, Kirkland, &. this Cun- 
ningham the latter with some more of his Neighbours 
think they have not been taken proper notice oft I 
only throw out those hints for your information. 

Camp near Congnree Creek. 29 July 1775. 
(xentlemen, 

My last to You was the 22'."^ Instant by 
Capt'.' Woodward since whirh 1 have rec] the In- 
closed Letter from Lieut David Ho^jkins who 1 sent 
with the Association from the President to Col. 
Fletchall,:|: You likewise have inclosed a Letter hand- 
ed me last night from Capt: Wise f have rec<? a Let- 
ter from Major Mason dated the 22^^ Inst: wherein he 
informs me of the arrival of Capt: Purvis with the 
Day before & that he had only Enlisted eleven Men he 
farther informs me that he had expected Capt: Polk 
within Ten Days, from whom I have never yet re- 
ceived any account therefore cannot inform you with 
regard to the state of his Company, & neither Cald- 
well nor Kirkland have yet made me a return of their 
Company's. Captains Kirshaw, Goodwyn Woodward 
&■ Richardson are now in Camp with me & have all 
their Companys com pleat except the Latter who 
wants four Men yet, which I hope to get in a few 

*Torn. 

t8(), after all, this "cliivalroiis gentleman of tiie old school", of 
whose "duty to his king" we have heard so niueli, was nothing l)ut 
a "sorehead". 

ILetter from Henry Laurens, President of the ("onneil of Safety, to 
Col. Thos. Fletchall, dated .July 14th, 177o: "This letter will he pre- 
sented to you hy an Officer in the Colony Regiment of Rangers, who 
will he dispatched hy Col. Thomson for that special service, and who 
will wait for your answer." 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 407 

Days tho^ I find some difficulty in raising Men, as the 
Enemies to the cause, take great Pains to progagate 
different reports that the Money they are to he Paid 
with will not pass &c. 

The men with me are chiefly well armed with Rifles 
what few are wanted I expect to collect in a few Days 
but their Horses in General appear but low in flesh, 
about 50 Men are already clothed with their Regimen- 
tals & shall get the remainder ready as speedy as pos- 
sible I can as I have a number of Taylors employ'd 
for that Purpose, but find it little difficult to procure 
a sufficient Quantity of low priced Blue Broad Cloth. 

My Men that rides express, expects that their Ex- 
pences will he paid by the publick, as their Wages 
will not be sufficient to support themselves & Horses, 
& pay traveling charges <S:c as 1 never had any Instruc- 
tion in this matttr shall be glad of Yours on that 
head. 

I have orderV] Major Mason, if he found that Capt" 
Cald wells company was sufficient to guai'd Fort Char- 
lotte to rendezvous the other three Company's near 
the ridge, until I rec<? farther orders, from the mov- 
ing the Gunpowder first out of the Fort to ninety six, 
the difi'erent accounts of Captain Kirklands behavior 
in that occasion, Capt: Purvis only having enlisted 
eleven Men, and not having any intelligence from 
Polk, together with the minds of the back People be- 
ing so much agitated at this time that I am really at 
a loss in what manner to act in regard to the conduct 
& Behaviour of the different officers in that Quarter, 
shall therefore be extremely glad of your direction 
and am with due regard. 

Gentlemen 
Your mostobedl Humble Servt 

W'." Thomson 

T am under the necessitv of beinii' rather trouble- 



408 THE HISTORY OF 

some to yon, as the Secretary lias not yet fnrnished 
me with a Copy of the resolves of the Provincial Con- 
gress. 

Camp near Gran by 29 Jnly 1775, 
Coll? Henry Lawrens, 

Honour'd Sir, Inclos'd I send you a 

Copy of a Letter from the Rev«J Mr Cresswell to Major 
Mason which with the Letters now inclos'd to the 
Council of Safety will farthur inform you of the con- 
fusion in the different parts of the Frontiers of thi^ 
Colony, from these & the many different accounts 
that I daily have from up the Country 1 am at a 
Loss to say any thing on that subject but as I know 
it to be my duty to have my small Regiment Trained 
& complete as soon as in my Power, and to have the 
minds of the small Part 1 have with me as quiet as 
possible, as they seem rather disatistied at present oc- 
casioned me to solicit your Friendship in the follow- 
ing application. 

It was agreed to in Provincial Congress that the 
Regiment of Rangers which I have the Honour to 
command was to be upon as good a Footing as the 
Provincial Rangers in the late Indian War, which 1 
allow they would be at 20^ ^ month, provided, pro- 
visions Blanketts, Horses & Ammunition were to be 
purchased as reasonable as at that time, and that 
wild Game was as plentiful in the Back Country as 
they were then, & our Duty to be there, but am sorry 
to inform You that Goods in the Back Country are be- 
come scarce & dear, as is also Provisions of all kinds — 
I have four Companys of my Regiment encamp'd near 
the Congrees, & I find it extremely difficult to keep 
them from suffering for want of Provision, which 
causes much murmuring amongst my Men . . I am 
convinced it will not be in my Power to make my Men 



ORANGEBURa COUNTY. 409 

perfect in their Exercise, as it takes them off their 
duty a great part of their time providing provisions. 
You are sensible that our duty in the late war, was 
chiefly in the back - - Country were Provisions were 
very reasonable, and plenty of Wild Game to be met 
with, and we were never call'd to this place or lower 
down. Except wdien we were ordered 1o join the Regu- 
lars, & then we were found in Provisions at the Ex- 
pense of the publick and all Detachments that were 
sent below this place were always found in Provisions, 
which I make no doubt you'll remember on recollec- 
tion If you'll please to consider a few moments the 
expence a Person must be at at this time to maintain 
himself & his Horse, and furnish himself with a Rifle 
Gun suitable for the occasion I make no doubt but 
you'll find them on a much worse footing than our 
Rangers formerly were. If you think any step could 
be taken to have the privates found in Provision at 
the expence of the Colony am convinced it would an- 
swer a good purpose, & quiet the minds of the few I 
have with me that I can depend upon, and I heartily 
wish the first resolve of the Congress, respecting the 
number of Men in each Company had been carried in- 
to Execution, which number would have been easily 
rais'd had the Men been found in Provision, even had 
their pay been something less. — However, this I 
leave entirely to You. and shall be much oblig'd to 
you for your advice on the subject. And if you think 
it proper & Judge it a reasonable request should Es- 
teem it a favour if you'll communicate it to the Coun- 
cil of Safety & use your Influence in favour of my 
Regt or if you think a petition from all the officers 
setting forth the Inconveniencys the Men labour un- 
der would answer a better Purpose, should be glad to 
be informed tho 1 am persuaded You can be of more 
service to the Reg*; than any Petition they can send 



410 THE HISTORY OF 

down, as you are well acquainted with the Circum- 
stances these men must he in being obligd to pur- 
chase Provisions at whatever prices the People where 
they happen to be stationed at Choses to set upon 
them 
I an] very respectfully, Hon^': Sir 

True Copy Your Most obed't Hble Serv* 

W"^ Thomson 

Charles Town S^-f^ Augt 1775. 

Dear Sir, 

The Council of Safety having fully consid- 
ered the contents of your three Letters reced by the 
Hands of Gilbert Gibson have order'd me to reply in 
the following Terms, 

Respecting the movement of your Regt: under your 
command You are to be govern'd by their late orders 
untill you shall receive further Instructions, t-on- 
cerning an additional allowance to Your Men, when 
employed as express messengers, the Council Concur in 
your opinion that somewhat more than the ordinary 
daily pay ought to be granted. You may be the most 
competent Judge in this this article & therefore you 
are requested to adjust & signify what will be suth- 
cient and satisfactory, in consideration of Gibson's 
having been detained in Charles Town he has been al- 
lowed and paid 15 / p"" Day taking all clays together, 
with which he is extremely well satisfied in the ordi- 
nary course — perhaps 10* p^' Day will be full enough. 

The report which has been spreiid in order to depre- 
ciate the value of our new paper Currency is equally 
nugatory and malicious. That Paper stands upon the 
same foundation on which all our paper Currency is 
establish'd, the faith and credit of the representatives 
of the People, 

You are particularly enjoyned by the Council to be 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 411 

diligent & circumspect in placing to the bottom the 
late conduct of Capt: Kirkland, as well with respect 
to the disbanding his Company, as in the affair of the 
dun Powder said to have been taken from Major Ma- 
son b}^ his contrivance, if he has been faulty take the 
surest evidence of facts and acquaint the Council mi- 
nutely, of your discoveries on this Head, But as the 
Character & Honour of an officer is at stake, secrecy 
will be necessary in order to save both from slander if 
he is innocent. John Adam Summers after a conver- 
sation fair & candid on the part of the Council of Safe- 
ty acknowledged his conviction of the rectitude of the 
measures taken by the people in opposition to Minis- 
terial tyranny. & as a proof of his sincerity he signed 
the general association & promised to obtain the sub- 
scription of other Men in his Neighborhood to a paper 
which was delivered to him for that purpose. This 
Man's deportment before the Council gave no rooui to 
suspect him guilty of double dealing but should he de- 
ceive us You will soon discover it and give proper in- 
struction* The rev4 Mr: CreswelFs endeavours on the 
part of American Liberty are laudable & the Council 
request You to signify to him their sense of his Zeal 
& good Service. 

That part of your dispatches which treats of the dif- 
ficulty which the Rangers labour under in the article 
of Rations or daily provisions has had particular re- 
gard paid to it in Council, there is nothing before 
the Board of more importance than to concert proper 
means for keeping that Regiment compleat in number, 
well disciplined, & perfectly satisfied. It is therefore 
a matter of great concern to the Council to find that 
Body now expressing their discontent with terms, 
which each man must have ()een fully apprized of be- 

*JiKlgeO'Nt'all says, in his Annals of Newberry District, that iSuin- 
mer fought on the Whiy; side at tlie Battle ofStono. 



412 THE HISTORY OF 

fore he enlisted, & which the principal officers de- 
clared in Congress were sufficient for engaging as 
many Men, as might iiave heen required in these cir- 
cumstances what other judgment can be formed but 
that they are disposed to distress the Council in order 
to force a compliance with exorbitant demands. If 
after the repeated assurances given in full Congress 
by the Coll? & Majof together with concurrent decla- 
rations of several of the Captains that Upon such Pay 
& such conditions as were stipulated, there was no 
room to doubt of filling the RegV with proper Men & 
in a very short space of time. If after the fair &: 
eager Enlisting in the service upon terms previously 
declared & universally known murmurs are heard 
amongst the men, against those very terms, what rule 
can the Council of Safety adopt for their guide It is 
not likely that if the present attempt should l)e allow- 
ed to succeed new demands w^ould thereby be cieated 
& somewhat else would be found wanting to pacify 
Men who have mark'd no limits to their desires. 

If they are in earnest & mean to serve their Coun- 
try the pay to the Rangers is ample & when compared 
to the No pay of the Militia in Charles Town who per- 
form daily & nightly service in the same cause, it is 
superabundant. If they are not in Earnest, if they do 
not serve from Principle, 'tis impossible to know what 
will be satisfactory to them. It merits the attention 
of the Regiment of Rangers that they are paid for 
holding themselves in readiness to fight their own 
Battles, & that their fellow subjects who are to bear 
the principal burthen of Taxation on that account 
also hold themselves in readiness to join, & in the 
mean time receive no consideration such reflections 
if they are Patriots and Lovers of Liberty will stimu- 
late them to duty & diligence. If they are void of 
such sentiments, how shall we depend upon them to 



ORANGEBURa COUNTY. ■ 413 

Act with us as Bretheru ii: fellow sufferers in one uni- 
ted struggle, against the Power which now bears hard 
upon the general Liberty of all America. 

Upon the whole the Council of Safety admonish the 
officers & Men of the Regt; of Rangers to reflect seri- 
ously upon the cause & nature of their establishment 
upon the distressed state of the Colony Finances, to 
consider that theii" Bretheru the Inhabitants of 
Charles Town & the adjacent country have chearfully 
embai'k'd in the sam,e general service, at a vast ex- 
pence to Officers & Men without any Kind of Pay or 
reward. And the Council have further ordered me to 
signify to you Sir, that they have no legal authority 
to allow a seperate Pay for provision to your Regimt: 
a fact which you cannot be ignorant of, nor can they 
make any alterations except such as shall be mention- 
ed below in the appointment by the Provincial Con- 
gress, & they are of opinion that the Honour pf the of- 
ficers are much concerned in this case. 

If the following proposition will benefit the service 
by saving the Men the trouble of seeking their Pro- 
vision and giving more leisure for perfecting them in 
Military discipline. You are desired to carry it into 
execution Viz^ to appoint proper Persons to provide 
& to Issue the necessary supplies of Provision both in 
Camp and upon march the expence to be deducted 
from the monthly Pay of the Rangers until the meet- 
ing of the next provincial Congress before whom a 
proper representation vvill be laid & their determina- 
tion had thereupon. In the mean time the Council 
have great confidence in your discretion and integrity 
in the right management of this important concern, & 
desire to hear from you fully thereupon & and upon 
every other branch of public business within your de- 
partment by some early opportunity. Nothing more 
at present need be said concerning Coll? Fletchall as 



414 THE HISTORY OF 

Mr. Drayton & the Gentlemen with him are to take up 
that affair. You will receive by the Bearer, of this a 
Packet of Articles of War which were to have gone by 
Mr. Drayton, & also four Copys of Extracts from the 
Journals of the Provincial Congress T have the hon- 
our to be Sir 

Your most ohedf Serv* 
Henry Law reus 
Coll<' Thomson President of the 

Council of Safety. 

Congrees 7\^} A\\g[ 1775./ 
Gentleman 

1 herewith send you inclosed a return of 
the four Companys now encamped at this place. 
Capt'^ Wise, Caldwell & Purvis have not yet furnished 
me with the return of their Companys, and as to Kirk- 
land and Polk, you'll see by their own Letters of their 
having deserted the cause as has also their officers and 
Men except Lieut Mitchell of Kirkland's Comp.y who I 
have desired to recruit more Men, & have also desired 
the other officers now with me to list Men in order 
to have the two Companys compleated again, shall be 
much obligVl to You to appoint Moses Vance Lieut: 
instead of one of those who deserted, he has been 
upon duty since the first of last month and as to the 
other vacancies hope they will be filled up with Gen- 
tlemen W'ho may be depended upon, for further par- 
ticulars beg leave to refer you to the Lettei's from the 
Honble Wv^ Henry Drayton k am with due respect 

Hon*^i (Tcntlemen 
Yrs &c 

W'." Thomson 

To the Honble the Council of Safety. 
Gentlemen Congree Store Aug{ 9*'^ 1775 

Yesterday 1 rec<? a Letter from the Presi- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 415 

dent written by your orders and in answer to it I beg 
leave to inform you, that the late orders mentioned in 
the letter, by which I am to regulate my future 
movemf.*^ until further Instructions, I have not re- 
ceived I apprehend those late orders are those Mr. 
Drayton told me, he himself had drawn up by orders 
of the Council to be signed by the President conter- 
manding my first intended march down the country, 
& directing me to remain where I was encamped & to 
regulate my future motions & directions from Mr. 
Drayton & Mr. Tennent. 

These orders have never come to Hand but by M^" 
Drayton's representation of them and the Papers in 
his hands signed by the president, I have regulated 
myself in pursuance of directions from Mr Drayton & 
Mr Tennent & according to those directions, which 
perfectly agree with my own Judgment, I have bro- 
ken up the Camp near this place and shall form a new 
one in Amelia on the \0^^^ Instant. 

As to the affairs of Provisions M»' Drayton has set- 
tled it I believe to the full satisfaction of the Rangers 
the terms are these, The officers will give all possible 
encouragement for People to supply the Camp with 
Provision & when the Troops are able to purchase 
Provisions in Camp they are to be restrained in the 
practice of going abroad to seek any. I will remem- 
ber my declarations in Congress respecting the pay. 
Had I officers of My own Choice 1 should never want 
Men perfectly satisfied with such an allowance & even 
the Men now listed would have been content but from 
the folly of some officers who have in a great degree 
been the foundation of the late almost fatal uneasi- 
ness in the (.amp on Sunday night last with the par- 
ticulars of which Mr. Drayton & Mr Tennent have I 
believe acquainted You. Mr Drayton's discourse to 
the Troops on this occasion has been of great service, 



416 THE HISTORY OF 

as well as his discourse the Evening before from the 
Effects of which I expect a more punctual ohecliance 
than I have hitherto experienced. The Rangers now 
1 am firmly of opinion are content, & perfectly dis- 
posed to do their duty. 

Sign*? W Thomson 

In the Council of Safety. 

Charles Town 20t»^ July 1775. 

Sir, 

Our orders to You of the 13V' Instant respecting 
your March to Charles Town, are hereby Counter- 
manded, as at this Juncture the Presence of the 
Rangers is necessary in the interior Parts of the Coun- 
try. You will therefore remain at the Post you now 
Occupy, unless some unforeseen cause should o<-casion 
you to remove, & for your further Proceedings, we re- 
fer You to the Honble W'." Hen: Drayton, & the Rev<? 
W"^ Tennent, who are authorized to make a progress 
into the back Country, to examine into the pi-esent 
uneasiness & disturbances in those parts of the Colony. 

For our sense upon your Letters, of the 22"<^ of July, 
one to the Council of Safety the other to the President, 
k Major Mason's Letter of the lOth of July to the 
Council we refer you to the Gentlemen above men- 
tioned to be authorized to make a Progress, and we 
inform you that, by the Hands of Cap^: Woodward we 
have sent the Sum of Five Thousands Pounds for the 
Payment of the Rangers under your command. 
By order ^c H. Law reus 

Col: W^.»' Thomson. Copy 

Charles Town llt'> August 1775. 
Sir, 

I wrote to You the 4^'' Inst: by ordei- of the 
Council of Safety by the Hands of G: Gibson, since 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 417 

which the Council have been informed by a private 
Letter that Capt: Polk & his Company of Rangers had 
renounced the cause of Liberty & abandoned their 
Duty - - affairs of such moments should be communi- 
cated by Special Messingers & v^'ith out delay, your 
silence would have induced the Council to suspend 
their belief of that report had it not been made in pos- 
sitive terms by one of your officers to Mr Gervais. 
Great are the difficulties which the true friends of 
Liberty & their Country have to encounter, but we 
trust that by perseverance, patience & resolution 
every obstacle will be surmounted. 

To the disagreeable tiding above mentioned we 
have just now received the intelligence from Savan- 
na which you will find at large in the Copies of those 
Letters here inclosed — Viz: one from the Council of 
Safety for Georgia, dated Savanna 1^^ Augt; 1775./ 
one from the Committee at Augusta dated G^ii Aug* & 
the other from Moses Kirkland dated 31** July to 
CaptV Middleton to which you are particularly refer- 
red, the Council of Safety desire you will immedi- 
ately consult the Hon'ble M^ Drayton if he is in your 
neighborhood & pursue such measures, relative to the 
dangerous attack threaten'd upon Augusta as shall ap- 
pear most likely to suppress the Insurgents & restore 
peace ^ Quietness to our friends, Should Mr: Dray- 
ton be at any considerable distance you v^'ili act in 
this very important & alarming circumstance as shall 
seem best in your own opinion without delay - - - if 
our Eneuiies should succeed in this attempt their 
hands will be strength'ned & the work of suppressing 
them will be doubled. 

You will, if it shall appear necessary apply to the 
Commanding officer of the Regiment of Militia & raise 
as many A^olunteers as may be necessary to join the 
rangers & assure the officers & Men who may give you 



418 THE HISTORY OF 

their assistance that the Council of Safety will make 
immediate order for, paying them for the time which 
they may be on duty & also for their Provisions when 
accounts properly certified shall be sent in. In a word 
the Council rely upon your Zeal & good conduct in 
this dangerous conjuncture, when it is impossible for 
them to give explicit orders, and they will expect to 
hear from you by return of this Messenger (Philip 
Hill) & as frequently afterward as there shall be occa- 
sion. I am 

Sir 
Your Most Obedt Servt. 

Henry Lawrens 
President of 
the Council of Safety. 

You know what will be proper to be done with 
CaptV Kirkland when practicable & safe meantime the 
secre'cy formerly enjoyned will be necessary. 

Charles Town 13th August 1775./ 
Sir, 

We refer to the contents of our Letter of the 
ll^h InstV which will accompany this, from the total 
silence of yourself and M^ Drayton upon the expected 
attack opon Augusta we are willing to hope, that our 
friends have been cautiously alarmed, nevertheless we 
must not loose sight of an object of such importance. 
We therefore Confirm our late orders & here inclose a 
Letter for CaptV Hammond which we request you to 
dispatch by a special Messinger, unless sonje othei' 
safe & immediate opportunity shall offer. We have 
applied assistance in Case of need, both as an Officer 
of Militia & a friend to the Cause of the united Colo- 
ny's Under Cover with this You will receive Eight 
Commissioners. Sign'd by us Viz: 1 for J L Peyer Im- 
hoflf' Esq'; to be a CaptV <>f Rangers. 



ORANGEBUEG COUNTY. 419 

1 for Ch: Heatly, Esq'." to i)e a Capt'^ also. 1 for 
Moses Vance to be a Lieutenant dated the It* July the 
day on which you say he entered the Service. 5 to be 
appointed & the Blanks to be properly filled up by you 
in which we trust you will consult solely the Interest 
of the service — this is an extraordinary measure 
which we have consented to in the present unsettled 
state of your Regiment, hoping that by a discreet dis- 
tribution of these Commissions the Company's will be 
filled up by good Men & that the Public may reap 
some advantage from the vast charge which has al- 
ready been incurred by that establishment, but it 
must not be drawn into Precedent. 

We think it is now necessary to distinguish in each 
Company first & second Lieutenants, Seniority will 
be determined hereafter by the respective dates of 
Your Commission which in these you must vary for 
that purpose being careful not to antidate. When 
you have filled up these Commissions you will trans- 
mit to us immediately the names & dates. — We can 
not account for the miscarriage of our Letter which 
You say had not reached You, if our Secretary can 
write a Copy of it in time you will receive it under 
this cover. 

It affords us some satisfaction to learn by Your Let- 
ter of the 9th that the remaining Rangers were Con- 
tent & perfectly disposed to do their duty, we hope 
that disposition will be lasting, the effect of a true 
sense of their Duty & not the transient product of an 
harrangue. 

You will find the Copy above uientioned under this 
Cover the original we believe went by the Hands of 
Capt" Woodward & ought to be inquired for. 
By order of the Council of Safety. 

Henry Law reus 
Coll: William Thomson. President. 



420 THE HISTORY OF 

Hon: W\" H: Drayton Esq'; Gianby 10 Augt 1775. 

Sir, 

Tester morning I rec<| the Inclosed Letters 
from Town, and immediately sett out for this place in 
order to forward them to Yon, Inclosed You have a 
Copy of Letter I rec<? from Coll: Lawrens, shall be 
glad of your advise or order on the matter, I cannot 
think of proceeding on any account whatsoever as 
long as you are continued in y£ Back parts without 
Your order, w^hich shall be Immediately put in Exe- 
cjation I expect all the Companys that had leave will 
meet this day in Amelia. I am to meet Capt'? Theius' 
Company tomorrow & will do all in my Power to 
have them to sign and settle other matters as you 
have desired, Sunday I shall return to Camp where 
I shall remain untill I hear from You. I rec*] from the 
Council of Safety Capt^ Commissions, for Imhoff & 
Heatly. 1 Lieut: for Vance, and 5 Blank Lieut: Com- 
mission I shall not dispose of any of the Blanks untill 
I hear from You, I rec<? from the Council of Safety 
Copies of three Letters from »Savannah, which has 
alarni'd them. 

I send off this day to Major Williamson to see if 
there is any Body of Men collected in that part, be it 
as it will 1 cannot act with Propriety without your or- 
ders as long as you are in the Back. 

Sign'd W." Thomson. 

Amelia, 2h:^ August 1775. 
CaptV John Lewis Peyer Imhoff. 
Sir, 

You are requested as soon as possible to Inlist 
30 private Men — 2 Sarjeants, and a Drummer, as soon 
as you have listed ten Men, you will send or fetch 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 421 

them to Camp or Elsewhere if ordered. List good 
Rifle Men with as good Horses a possible. 

Your Humble Servt 

W»i Thomson. 



Ml' Godfrey Drehers August 11. 1775. 

DrSir, 

Captain Shrams has not attended here today, 
neither has any of his Company come to us, altho this 
place was of the Captain's own chusing. This diso- 
bedience to Military orders ought not to go unnoticed 
for fear others seeing so criminal a Conduct pass with 
impunity, they should be encouraged to imitate a be- 
havior that may lead to ruinous consequences. I 
therefore think it would be proper immediately let 
you let Captain Shrams kqow that you recall his 
Commission & discharge him from his command & 
take measure to call the company together & induce 
them to elect a Captain, who will receive a Commis- 
sion from the Council, Your presence will greatly fa- 
cilitate this work, <t their chosing a Captain will 
naturally I hope lead thenj to sign the association. 
But do not mention this last affair to them till after 
they have chosen their Captain. 

We have had very bad success here today & I de- 
clared that no Mills shall grind for & no dealings shall 
be had with any nonsubscriber. 

I am Sir 

Your most humble St— 
W"' Hy Drayton 

I an) in hopes this letter will get down to you some 
time to night. And 1 shall be glad that tomorrow You 
will come up here & discharge the Captain & call the 
Company together, because this vigorous step being 
done out of hand will spread abroad immediately & 



422 THE HISTORY OF 

may be of good consequence in the Fork while I am 
there. 

Sir, 

I have received the Letter you sent by the 
Ranger, & I most readily excuse your breaking the 
seal of my Letter, indeed Colonel I should have had 
no objection if you had read it. 

The Council of Safety mention their having sent me 
some blank Commission^ for six Volunteer Companies. 
I have not received them. If you have them pray 
keep them till I see You. 

I find the Council have been much alarmed by the 
report of an attack upon Augusta, there is no founda- 
tion in it I believe, at least . . . the heads of the par- 
ty I am persuaded will not attempt anything of that 
sort while 1 am in this part of the Country. 1 more 
fear an attack upon Fort Charlotte. However of this 
I have sent proper information & direction to the 
Fort & to Major Williamson. 

As I do not therefore see any occasion for any im- 
mediate movement by You, I cannot give directions 
for any. But I think you had best remain in your 
new Camp, & make the Huts snug & comfortable for 
the Men, and besides this, I think it advisable that 
you immediately build other Huts, as perhaps there 
may be occasion for to assemble in your Camp about 
500 Militia . . Tn the mean time you will look out so 
many of the Militia who may be depended upon, & 
who may hold them selves, in readiness to march if 
they should be called upon. For these Men, will be 
wanted a supply of Ammunition. 

Be so good immediately & in the .... most private 
manner to send to Fort Charlotte for a moderate 
Quantity of Powder & Lead. 1 shall hold a meeting 
with Fletchall's People at Fords upon Enore on Wed- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. . 423 

nesday & after that T shall pass through ninety six, & 
join you with all dispatch. Above all things endeav- 
our to have the Camp plentifully supplied with Pro- 
visions, especially if there should unfortunately be oc- 
casion to call out such a Body of Militia to join the 
Rangers. You will take care Colonel, that your ap- 
plication respecting the Militia be as private as possi- 
ble. 

I have the pleasure to subscribe myself 
Sir 
Your most humble Servt 

W»» Hy Drayton. 

Lawson's fork Augt. 25tJ> 1775. 

PS. this is a paragraph in the Council of Safety's 
letter to me, Pray shew it to Mr: Charlton, & write 
the Council about it. 

"We do not understand wdiether you mean to ask 
for a Commission as Surgeons Mate for Lieutenant 
Charlton, in lieu of, or in addition to his Lieutenancey. 
If the former, altho we are not expressly authorized, 
yet for the good of the service we might find means to 
accomodate him, but you know that a double Com- 
mission would be directly contrary to a resolution of 
the Provincial Congress, this Article therefore must 
. . unavoidably wait for explanation." 

White Hall. 22".^ Augt : 1775. 
Dear Gentlemen. 

I received your favour of the lOt.'i 
Instant, the express to Mr: Hammond from the 
Council of Safety, I immediately sent to him, also at 
the same time wrote to Captain Caldwell advising him 
to be on his guard. 

I have heard nothing of any Body of Men going to 
attack Augusta shall acquaint M^? Mayson that you 



424 THE HISTORY OF 

are well. I this day heard from M'; Drayton directing 
me to reinforce Fort Charlotte with Militia, which I 
am now giving orders to do. and 1 intend immediately 
to throw a Quantity of Provision in. M'; Drayton is to 
have a Meeting to-morrow with Fletchall's People at 
same Ford's, Enoree. & has some opinion that they 
may use violence to liis person. It that should be the 
Case I shall endeavour to iiave the Militia under my 
Command, to march whenever he may be carried a 
prisoner. T have sent this day a Young Man whom I 
can well depend upon to be at the Meeting tomorrow, 
and will return immediately & inform me what is 
done there. Excuse haste. I am 
Dear Gentlemen 

Your most obt humble Serv^. 
A Wp'Son. 

Camp Amelia Fuquett's old P^iehJ 25^1^ Aug*: 1775./ 
Hon'ble Sir, 

The express sent to M'' Drayton is not yet 
return'd, I am now camp'd at this Place with five 
Companys — Capt: Wise, Kirshaw, ({(jodwyn, Richard- 
son & Woodward; Capt^ Imhoff and Heatly, are out 
recruiting as is Capt: Kirshaw in behalf of them & 
likewise some of the Lieutenants, I am in hopes in a 
short time to have their Companys Compleated. Ma- 
jor Mason who has been some time at the Congrees 
waiting for them I expect at the same time to join the 
Camp, from all the Intelligence I have had there was 
not much reason for our Friends in Georgia being so 
much alarm'd, the first certain accounts I had of Capt: 
Polk's disobedience, T rec<J by a Letter from Major 
Mason the day before M'; Drayton came to the Con- 
grees, & on his arrival I deliver'd it to him. 1 did not 
chuse to write from report, where tlie reputation of a 
Gent: was at Stake, njy officer, who wrote to Mf 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 425 

Gervais /yet, unknown to me/ had he acquainted me, 
I should liave had it in my power to have wrote facts. 
Whatever certainties might come to my Hands of con- 
sequence, either for or against the cause of Liberty, 
You may depend upon I shall /both as a point of 
my Duty & my strictest regard, for the welfare of the 
Country/ make immediate report of. 

I have reason to believe the Nonsubscribers will be 
l)ut few in a short time. I have the Promise of a Vol- 
unteer company of Sixty good Men out of Fletchall's 
Company near to where he lives. I have taken away 
the Commissioners from some of the Capt» of my regi- 
ment of Foot, who was disobedient & disaffected. 

I should be glad to know if it would be proper to 
fill up those places with good Men by giving them 
Volunteer Commissions, if not proper should be glad to 
know if I could be supply'd with blank Commissions 
from the Gov^ for them I inclose You a list of Capt" 
Wise's officers & Men. CaptV Imhoff petition'd for a 
2^<^ Lieut*^ Commission, for, in the choice of which, 
depended the raising of Men to the number of 14 or 
15. The other blank Commissions I shall not fill up 
untill my regiment are together, except those in the 
Fort, untill which time it will not be in my Power to 
make you a proper return of the reg^; of Horse. The 
Company's now with me are Corapleat, And I have 
the vanity to make mention, that the Men are very 
forward in their Military discipline I remain 
Yr most obedt Servt 

W»' Thomson 

NB: 

Please to observe that Capt" Wise himself is in No: 
Carolina, his Men came w^ith Lieut: Donaldson. Captl^ 
Wise I presume will be in Camp in a few days. 



426 THE HISTORY OF 

The Hoirble the Council of Safety. 

Gents 

I Yesterday returned from 96. & think it un- 
necessary to write of particulars, as I make no man- 
ner of doubt M^; Drayton has already given you the 
same. I have left seven companies behind at 96. in 
order to take a Tour farther back in the Country. An 
alarm has been given that an Indian of the Cherokees 
had been killed & two wounded in Georgia which has 
disturbed the minds of the back Inhabitants much. 
And Mi; Drayton's opinion in this case concurs with 
my own, it is that as the Rangers were raised in de- 
fence of the Country the back settlers would think 
hard if they were not with them in case of danger. 

We have therefore order'd them to March for some 
time up amongst them but not to proceed within 15 
Miles of the Indian line, for fear of alarming the In- 
dians, & in order to appease the minds of the Inhabi- 
tants in those parts After which we have given them 
leave of absence for a few days in order to recruit 
themselves & Horses, which is really requisite, when 
they are to meet at the Camp in Amelia which will be 
on the 24th OcfJ; 

After Mi; Drayton had finish'd with Col. Fletchall, I 
took a ride to Fort Charlotte; & examined the whole; 
I think it is in very good order for defence & that 
there is a very good Company in it. 

While I was there I had the pleasure of .seeing Fort 
James on the Georgia side, taken possession of by 
some of the Georgians & Carol^^* at my return to 96. I 
met with M"; Wilkinson from the Cherokee Nation 
who informed me that one of the Indians was killed 
& two wounded by some of the Georgia People. I im- 
mediate gave orders to Lieut Taylor of Fort Charlotte 
to take a party of Men with him & go in search of the 
Persons whom the Indians mistrusted had Ikilledl 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 427 

comiiiitted the fact & whose names this M"; Wilkin- 
son mentioned to me. 

Inclosed you have a General return of my Regt of 
Rangers from the time of enlisting to the 20^'^ Ins* 
which is as correct as I could possibly make it from 
the returns given in by the different Capt^'' Capt'3 Wise 
on that same day resigned his commission to M^; 
Drayton & as he will inform you more particular on 
that & every other Head I think it unnecessary to add 
any more. 

I remain 
Gent 

Your Most Obedt Hble Serv* 

Dear Sir. Amelia 29th Sept^; 1775. 

Your very kind fav''. of the 17th Inst'' was 
deliver'd to me on the road home between the Ridge 
& the Congarees which afforded me the greatest Pleas- 
ure. 

You may depend that I shall always make a proper 
Distinction in my Private & Public Letters to You. 
Your present situation of President & Chairman 1 am 
convinc'd must be very fatigueing, & tho 1 cannot but 
think it is high time that you ought to be relieved of 
your burthen Yet I am afraid they will not find a 
Person to supercede You, who will act in both capaci- 
ties & be of as much Service to the Country as you 
have been. 1 heartily wish that General Kirkland 
may be taken & lodged in the Barracks or Fort John- 
ston & that he may be severely punished for his Vil- 
lainy, & am happy to hear that Fort Johnston is in 
our possession & that you are making every necessary 
Preparations for defence. 1 have no doubt but you 
have heard before this that Col Drayton has had a 
Meeting with Col Fletchall & some of his Head Men & 



428 THE HISTORY OF 

that He has in a great measure quieted him <t his par- 
ty, they seem to be disatisfied at first about the de- 
claration that he had sent over to their Camp desiring 
them to give up their Leaders, but after a little expos- 
tulation they appeared very ready to make & sign his 
Treaty, which I suppose you have seen. 1 was inform- 
ed that Cunningham & Brown were not well pleased 
with Fletchall for what he had done & that they had 
parted, not upon the best terms. However it may 
work a good end in time, which I heartily wish. Col^ 
Drayton had a long talk with the Indians at the Con- 
grees, they are very well pleased, but wishes much to 
have the ammunition that was promis'd them as soon 
as possible. Capt: Peyer imhoff I left sick at 96, but 1 
expect to see him at the Congarees next Monday 
when I will present your Complim^. to him. I have 
given him every assistance in my Power to make up 
his Company & 1 dare say that it will be filled up in a 
few days. I intend going to Town some time next 
Week, when I will do myself the Pleasure of waiting 
on you to converse more fully on the news of the 
Countrj% unless I should receive new orders to the 
contrary from the Hon'ble the Council of Safety 
I rem" D'" Sir 

Yr Most Obedt. H'ble Servt 
W'li Thomson 

General orders. 
Gentlemen, 

17 Augt 1775 Amelia 
Captain Charles Heatly will shew you Your place of 
Encampm^ near Fuguetts old Field & the form yon 
are to camp in. 

It is hereby order'd that the Men makes good Camps 
to Shelter themselves from the weather. 

You w\\] order out of each Company every Day suf- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 429 

ficient Grass Guards & Fitague Men. As soon as your 
Camps are Compleat, You are as usual to be very dili- 
gent in Training the Men. I am order'd on a Tour to 
the Beaver Dam near little Saluda, hopes to be at 
your Camp by Tuesday next. 

To the sevi. Capt"^ Yr hble sevt 

of the Regt of Rangers. W^ T: 

Amelia 17 Augt 1775 

Sir, 

Please to send the inclos'd to Capt" Peyer im- 
hoff. I am order'd on a Tour up Saluda, hopes to re- 
turn & find you all in Camp at Fuguetts old Field, 
areeble to Your last orders You rec^j from me. In my 
absence Capti? Cha« Heatley will shew You Your place 
of Encanjpmen*: ■& the Form of the Camp. 

As You will be the oldest Capt^} on the Spot you 
will see that the orders left with him are put in Exe- 
cution. I hope to be in Camp on Tuesday I am 

To Sir Yr humble Servant 

Capt" Eli Kirshaw. W. T. 

Amelia 17 Augt 1775/ 
Sir, 

This day I rec'4 from the Council of Safety a 
Capt>?*^ Commission for You. On recpt hereof you will 
wait on me in Amelia in order to receive the same. In 
the Interim & on your way, you may Enlist Men for 
yourself; Let them be good rifle Men with good 
Horses, please to fetch the date of the Commission of 
the 2nd Lieut, of Capt" Wise, & the date of Lieut*: Don- 
aldson's Commission. I am 

Y^our h'ble Serv* 
To W. T. 

Capt^ Lewis Peyer Imhoff. 



430 THE HISTORY OF 

To the Hon'ble Henry Lawrens, President of the 
Hon'ble the Council of Safety. 

Camp Amelia 2"^ Sepf. 1775./ 
Sir, 

Last night I recA a Letter by an Express from 
the Hon'ble W'}^ Henry Drayton ordering me to march 
my Regt: of Rangers immediately to the ridge, which 
I shall do tomorrow morning & will endeavour to 
inarch as many of my Regt. of Foot* as I can make up 
agreeable to his orders 

Inclosed is a Letter reC? by said Express to the 
Hon'ble the Council of Safety. I remain 

with great respect 
Sir 
Yr most hum'ble Serv^ 
W. T. 

To Camp Amelia 2^} Sept'; 1775. 

Lieut: Coll: Rowe & ( 
Major Golson . . S 

Gentlemen 

You are hereby ordered to meet me on 
Saturday next the 9*.^ Inst'; at the Ridge, with two 
hundred Men well armed, out of our Regimt of Foot, 
if you cant raise them as Volunteers, You must draft 
them, & assure them that they will receive Pay as the 
other Provincials in this Province from the day they 
leave home to they day they return. I am (TentV 

Yr humble Serv*. 
W. T. 



*This was the regiment of provnicial militia that Col, Thomson had 
commanded before being seleeted to command the regiment of regu- 
lars known as the Rangers, 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 431 

Camp at the Congrees 
The Hun'ble W'?' 6 Sept: 1775. 

Henry Drayton at AugV^ 

Wetherford: Exp^s 
Sir, 

Yesterday just when the several Companies 
were about marching from hence, there came an Ex- 
press from Captn Paris informing us that himself and 
five Cherokee Indians were stopt from coming down 
by CaptV Hendrick & some others belonging to Fletch- 
alls regt of about 10 Miles distant from the Congarees. 
The Companies here immediately got themselves in 
readiness and marched to rescue them, which they 
did & took Hendrick Prisoner, who is now confined in 
Camp, his associates made their escape a few minutes 
after he was taken, Capt" Paris is now here with the 
Indians who will inform You with the Particulars. I 
have order'd the Companies to march early tomorrow 
morning for the ridge where I expect to be with them 
on Friday Evening & where I shall stay untill I receive 
your further orders. The Men that are to be drafted 
out of my Regim* of Foot & the Volunteers I have 
order'd to meet me at the Ridge by Saturday next 
Your orders to Coll: Richardson I have sent, but I 
have not heard from him since, only that he is very 
much hurt from a fall* from his Indico Yatts, which 

*The following, heretofore unpublished, letter will he of interest 
here: 

[Direction on cover.] 

On the Colony Service 
To 

The Honble Henry Laurens Esqr 
Charles Town 
Sir 

I have to beg the favour of you to Conniiunicate to the Council of 
Safety, that two days ago I receiv'd a line from Colo Wm Thomson, 
accompanied by Copy of a letter from the Hon'ble Wm Henry Dray- 



482 THE HISTORY OF 

I am afraid will deprive him from meeting us himself, 
but have not the least doubt of his complying with 
your Instructions the Express from the Hon'ble the 
Council of Safety arrived here last night with the in- 
closed Letter for your Honor, also two Bundles which 
I expect are for the Indians. Paris has just deliver'd 
me the Indians talk, which he desired me to forvvnrd 
by this same Express. 
Our detention here today arrises from the Fatigue 

toil, wherein he desires me to March 300 men of my Regin)ei)( to 
Broad River & eo 

I had the misfortune to get a fall wiiicli renders me unable to get 
out of my Bed, having Broke two or three of n)y Ril)s and am otlier- 
ways mucli liruised. however am hopefull shall get out in some short 
time. 

I have sent tiie necessary orders to Major Cantey to assemble the 
Regiment, and Collect the above numVter of men which hope will 
soon be carried into execution, but beg leave to represent to Council 
of Safety that I do not believe there are 300 loads of Powder in my 
Regiment, and therefore hope some speedy method will be fallen of 
lodging a supply to be in readiness upon any emergency that may 
happen; and if Possible about 200 Stand of armes, as a great number, 
(particularly the new Irish settlers) are distitute and many unable t<» 
provide themselves was they to be purchased for money, which at 
present is not the Case. 

There are several Volunteer Companys assembling in difterent 
quarters of my Regiment, some of which lam informed are nearly 
compleat Conimissions will be wanting to otticer them — 

As my Lieut Colo has left this Province a new arrangement of 
Field Olticers will become necessary, to fill up by Seniority will not 
answer, for sundry reasons; which I hope soon to have opportunity 
of comnumicating to the Council of Safety - — • 
I have the Honour to be 
Sir 
Your most Hump Servt: 
Richd Richardson 
St Marks — 

6th: Septnir 1775 
To Henry Laurens Esqr 

President of the Council of Safety 

[Endorsement on baek.] 
Collo R- Richardson 

6th. Septr 177-") 
Read in Council 10th- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 433 

the Horses had yesterday, we did not return to 
Camp until one o Clock this morning. 

I rem'.' vvith great Esteem 
Hond Sir 

Yrs &c 

W:T. 

Henry Laurens Esq^; 

Camp at Conga rees 6<ii Sepf; 1775./ 

Sir, 

Since I wrote vou from Camp Amelia the ^"^^ 
Inst [ received your' favour of the 31^.t Ult? which 
gives me great satisfaction. You may depend that T 
will as soon as possible exert myself for raising Volun- 
teer Comp ys & inform you of my progress therein. 

I find it impossible at present on account of our 
marching to make a proper return of my whole 
regiml but will endeavour to do it as soon as I meet the 
Hon'ble M'- Drayton I had issued orders previous to the 
recpt of you Letter for all returns to be dated and 
signed by the Commands offic: of each Company but 
the omission of Capt'? Wise's was owing to his not be- 
ing present at the time it was given in, nor did he 
join the Regt l)efore yesterday his reason for not join- 
ing before he says was owing to orders he received 
from the Hon'ble the Council of Safety. 

You may rest assured that I will to the best of my 
ability follow vour own and M'' Drayton's Instructions 
& will give him all the Military aid in my Power 
when he shall think tit to demand it. I shall careful- 
ly review all your former instructions & give such or- 
ders with regard to the Post of Fort Charlotte & for 
the safety of our associated Friends at Augusta as 
long as I'may think the most prudent at this alarni- 
ino- time. I am extremely obliged to you for consent- 



434 THE HISTORY OF 

ing to my leaving the Camps as I requested, which I 
shall do, when I can with propriety do it, but at pres- 
ent I have not the least thoughts of it. 

The reappointmt: of Capt" Ez'. Polk, I hope will be 
attended with very good consequences. & that he will 
endeavour to gain credid by his future behaviour. In- 
clos'd you will find a copy of his Letter to me which 
I just received, but shall not make any reply before I 
see Ml' Drayton, Yesterday about noon when the sev- 
eral Companies were getting ready to proceed on their 
march for the Ridge we rec'? an Expi-ess from Capt" 
Paris inform^: us that one CaptV Hendrick & several 
others of Coll<^ Fletchall's party had stop"^ him & 5 of 
the Cherokee Indians from coming down here at about 
Ten Miles distant from this, & hoped that we would 
come to their Assistance, the Companies were immedi- 
ately ordered to go & rescue them & take Hendricks & 
his Associates Prisoners. I arrived there just about 
night & took Capf? Hendricks, but the others escaped 
after he was taken & before any of the Companies 
came up to the House they were in. 

I order'd the Prisoner under a Guard to the Camp — 
where he is now in confinem^ Capt Paris with the In- 
dians came along with us there this morning. I had a 
Talk with these Indians & informed them that M'; 
Drayton had desired me to conduct them to the ridge, 
as he expected I should see them before he did; they 
said they were tired of marching & would rather re- 
main here untill Mr: Drayton came to them. They 
gave me the talk from the Nation & desired me to 
send it to him directly which I have done. 

I propose marching to morn^w morning early for 
the Ridge where I expect to be with the Companies 
on Friday Evening, 

I should have done it todav liad not the Horses been 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 435 

fatigued Yesterday. We did not return before one of 
the Clock tlii^ nioniK: 

1 rem" with great esteem 
Yrs- &c 

W:T. 

omitted 2"*i Sepf; Camp Amelia 

To the Hon'hle W'." Henry Drayton: 

Your orders I rec*? late last night, shall putt them 
in execution Immediately. 1 shall march from this 
Camp tomorrow morning I shall do my best endeav- 
ours to take as many of the Militia with me as possi- 
ble, tho T am afraid shall not be able to procure the 
Complim^: you mentioned. The Water's being high 
obliges me to go by the Congarees where 1 shall be 
detained one Day in procuring Provisions & other ne- 
cessaries, as it was not in my Power to provide the 
same in this Place the Rivers being full the Waggons 
were not able to pass. I has disp<? your orders to Col: 
Richardson & your Letter to the Council of Safety. 

We have pretty certain accounts of the defeat of 
Gage. 9000 of his Men are said to have been slain & 
himself is dead of the wounds he rec<? . . . there is a 
GentV lately arrived at Chas: Tow^n from Virginia 
with 5 Letters, whose accounts agrees exactly I remi» 

Sir, 
Yr Most Obedt Servl 

W: T. 

The Hou'ble W'." Henry Drayton, 

Camp at Fairchilds Branch. 

6ti^ Sept': 1775. 

Dr: Sir, 

Since I had the pleasure of writing to You 
under the fit'' Tnst: p'' M'" Weatherford an Express to 



436 THE HISTORY OF 

Augusta, I rec<! your kind Lett'; of the 5t'i Inst: at M^ 
Williams about 2 o Clock this after noon on our march 
hither. Inclosed you will please find Capt'.i Arthur's 
Letter to me, which I have answered desiring him 

that if he believed the report he mentions 

to be true that he would meet me with CaptV Paris & 
the Indians at the Ridge on Sunday mornis 10 oClock 
together with the Volunteers & drafted Men out of my 
Regmt. of Militia: I am of opinion that was I to leave 
the Ridge before they arrived it wou'd make them un- 
easy therefore I think it best to wait for them, but for 
further particulars refer you to Major Mayson with 
whom I have consulted & who will deliver this with 
his own Hands. 

I have deliv'ed him all the Commissions for the Vol- 
unteer Companies which I rec^? from the Hon'ble the 
Council of Safety, to be given to You I am Sir 

Yr« &c 

W^ T. 

To the Hon'ble W^ H: Drayton 

Camp near the ridge HKii Sept 1775 
Sir, I rec^ Youi-s of the 9tii Ins^. early this 

morning 1 shall strictly observe the Contents thereof, 
this Inst Capt" Arthur and Capt Cleiger with twenty 
Volunteers arrived here from the Congarees with 
whom I expected Capt" Paris & the Indians, the alarm 
mentioned in CaptV Arthur's Letf; forwarded to you 
yesterday proved (Iroundless. CaptV Paris endeav- 
oured to prevail on the Indians to accompany him to 
the Ridge, but they rather chose to stay at the Con- 
garees till your return, as they complain'd much as be- 
ing tired as before but Paris says they seem very 
anxious to see You. I expect Major Golson of my 
Regimt of foot with a draft of Men & the Volunteers 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 437 

this clay be it as it will, I shall march for Ninety six 
early tomorrow morning, 

1 am 
Dr Sir, 

Yr most obedt Servt 
W. T. 

^ Lieut Caldwell 
Capt. John Caldwell— 12. May 1776.— Fort Lyttelton 
Camp near the 10 Mile house 
Sir 

Yours of the 7^}^ Instant is now before me & 
note the contents, Your Letter by Captain Purvis did 
not come to my hand before the Prisoners you sent 
were tried, received their Sentence & pardoned by His 
Excellency the President The reason of their being 
discharged I am entirely a stranger to — I am told 
Capt. Purvis applied to Colonel Gadsden to deliver 
them their attestations & said it was by your desire — 
Your first Letter did not reach me untill lately — ^I 
herewith inclose you a Roster of the officers as they 
now are to do Duty & Lieut Caldwell will deliver You 
a list of Your Men now at Head Quarters — The Pay 
Master will write you with regard to Your Mens Pay — 
I should have wrote you more fully but as Your 
Brother can inform You any thing farther, I shall not 
add, save that I am 

Sir 
Yours &c 

His Excellency John Rutledge Esq^' ) 

President & Commander in Chief of > in Charles Town 

the Colony of So Carolina \ 

Camp near the Ten Mile house 7tii May 1776. 
Sir 

Having been informed a few days ago that Mr 



438 THE HISTORY OF 

John Giles at Monck's Cornei- had some Osenbiirgs for 
Sale. I desired one of my officers to send a person 
there «fe endeavour to pnrohase the whole of him in or- 
der to make Hunting Shirts for my men— The per- 
son returned without doing of it & informed me that 
Mr Giles asked 10/ hard money & 12/0 paper Curren- 
cy pr Yard — this morning I was informed he asks for 
the same Osnaburgs 10/ hai'd money «t 15/ paper 
^ yd which 1 think is a very great extortion — my on- 
ly reason for troubling Your Excellency with this, is to 
beg your advice in the matter, as the distinction made 
between hard & paper money is of very great <liser- 
vice to the Province & 1 hope some example will be 
made of such persons^ — 

1 have the honour to be 
Your Excellency's 

Most Obed^. humb*- Serv. 



His Excellency John Rutledge Escjr. in Ghailes Town 
Camp near the Ten mile house \^^ June 1776 
Sir 

This morning early 1 had the other detardiment 
of my Regiment ready to march down, but the weath- 
er proving rainy I thought it most prudent to detain 
them, as there are now Sick in Camp 46 Men; 40 of 
whom have the Flux & I am afraid many more would 
be laid up were they to get wet — as soon as the weath- 
er clears up Major Mayson will mairh down with said 
Detachment — 1 would have done myself the pleasure 
of waiting on Your ExcelTcy last night had 1 not been 
unwell, but as soon as I an] better will do it — 

1 am Your PLxcellency's ^G 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY, 439 

His Excellency John Rutledge Esq^' in Charles Town 
Camp on SuUivant's Island 22^^ June 1776 
Sir 

As I have been credibly informed that the Reg*" 
of Artillery at Beanfort is now nearly compleated, T 
take the liberty of requesting the favour of your Ex- 
cellency to let the two Companies of Rangers there be 
relieved & ordered to join my Regiment here, could 
they be spared without prejudice to the Service, it 
would give me the greatest pleasure to have them 
present, as 1 have never once had the Reg^ together — 
The Men here are in the greatest spirits, the Enemy's 
Centinels & ours are so near to each other, that they 
might shake hands had we biit boats & they chose to 
be Friendly — Two field pieces were fired by the Artil- 
lery here early this morning at a boat of armed Men 
which we apprehend was returning from reconnoiter- 
ing last night — Could the Rangers be relieved once in 
two or three weeks by some other Troops it would be 
obliging both officers & men from w-hom T have had 
some hints to that purpose — I hope Your Excellency 
will not take amiss any thing I have mentioned. 

His Excellency John Rutledge Esqr Charles Town 
Camp on Sullivants Island llt^i July 1776 

Sir 

Lieutenant Charlton of Capt. Kirshaws Company 
in consequence of a Letter which he received this morn- 
ing from Camden, did make application to me for 
leave to go there to secure his Family from a pre- 
sumed insurrection of the Indians in that Quai"ter 
wdiich I did not comply with, & He returned His Com- 
mission into my hands — I hope Your Excellency will 
not take it amiss in having received said Commission, 

Several of the officers & privates have received Let- 
ters from their Friends in the l)ack Countrv on ac- 



440 THE HISTORY OF 

count of the Indians breaking out, which give them a 
great deal of uneasiness in regard to their families — 
I for my part do not think that matters are half so 
had as reported to be — 

I have the honour to be 

Your Excellencys &c 

His Excellency John Rutledge Estj'' Charles Town 
Camp on Sullivants Islund ll''^ July 1776. 

Sir 
I received Your Excellency's Letter just now by 
Mf Calvert Jun, with Keg of Ciun Powder for which I 
have given him a Receipt 1 am happy to hear that 
Cunningham & the other Prisoners have taken the 
Test oath &c — & I am of the same opinion with Your 
Excellency that their discharge will have a good 
effect — The oared Barge shall be sent to Town as 
soon as Your Excellency shall be pleased to send Men 
capable of carrying her safe up as there are none in 
my camp fit for that purpose — I have not had any 
success as yet in sending the Deserters Letters to the 
Enemy; they now keep double the Centinels to what 
they formerly did, but nevertheless I expect to have 
them landed safe this night & I hope they will have 
the desired effect. 

I received the Spy Glass Your Excellency has been 
so kind as to send me, which I shall take particular 
care of & return when 1 shall be ordered to quit this 
Island — 

Ihave the honour to remain 

Your Excellencys «tc 

His Excellency John Rutledge Esq'"- Charles Town 
Camp on Sullivants Island 15^^^ July 1776. 
Sir 

Your Excellencys favour 1 have just leceived 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 441 

by Mr Calvert & am very sorr}^ that the Snuff was 
blown in M'" Timothy's Eyes for he is very much mis- 
taken in saying that all the Troops have left Long Is- 
land & gone on board the Transports — Yesterday 
Morning we perceived only (uie Centinel on the Breast 
work opposite to our when they usually planted four 
& this morning we did not discover any Enemy there, 
ahout 11 oClock there appeared to be some of our 
Friends in Arms from the main in order as I suppose 
to I'econnoitre the Enemys Entrenchments — They 
no sooner appeared to the Enemy on Long Island, 
than they began to fire on them & fired their Field 
Pieces ten times, but in my opinion without doing any 
damage. 1 could wish our men had not run so far 
when the Enemy fired — all their Tents are still stand- 
ing on the Beach & I observed just now that about 150 
including Men Women & Children marching toward 
the East end of Long Island with their Field pieces & 
I think mean to embark — There are none of the Ene- 
my left on Goat Island & their flat bottomed Boats all 
disappeai-ed Yesterday; as the naval force have made 
a move to push off this morning, the land force in my 
opinion will also do the same in a few days — I 
should have wrote to Your Excellency before now had 
not I expected the Commanding Officers here whom I 
generally informed, would have communicated every 
circumstance that has happened to Your Excellency — 
I have the honour to be 

Your Excellencys Most Ob^ &c 

Major James Mayson Ninety Six 

Chas Town 7 Aug 1776 
^ Express 
Sir 

I have this moment received orders from His 
Excellency the President to maich 130 Men out of my 



442 THE HISTORY OF 

Regiment under proper officers on an Expedition into 
East Florida — You are therefore desired to proceed 
immediately to Savanna k take the Command of the 
Detachment which will be ready to set off from this 
place this Evening — You will receive further orders 
from General Lee at Savanna 

I am Sir 

Yours &Cc 

W. T— 



f ^ Post f 
On the Service of the united States of America 
The Honorable John Han- ] 

cock Esq': President of the ', /,, „ t^ -r ct_ .> i- . 
tj Ml 4.1, t» 4- Charles town ISoXarolina 

Hon ble the Kepresenta- \ 

fives of the thirteen Uni- f i^itK a *. ^nnf 

ted States oi America in f ^ 

Congress, at Philadelphia J 

Sir 

As no greater honour can be confered on a faith- 
ful Servant of the public so next to a consciousness of 
having done his duty nothing can afford so much 
pleasure to such a Servant as the thanks of the peo- 
ple. — 

I must confess Sir, I had not entertained the small- 
est expectation of such distinguished Notice as the 
Congress have been pleased to take of my endeav- 
ours to assist in Repelling the attempts of the Fleet & 
Army upon this State on the 28^'^ of June last — I 
was conscious of having acted honestly in the Cause 
according to the best of my poor abilities & there My 
Ideas rested — however Sir I am not insensible of the 
very great honour which, for barely having done my 
duty, T have now received from the Congress — I beg 
leave to return you my particular thanks for the very 
polite manner in which yon have transmitted their 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 443 

Resolution of the 20*-'^ July in your favour of the 22"^^ 
which I have communicated to the Officers & Soldiers 
of my Regiment. 

Permit me to request Sir, you will be pleased to pre- 
sent my humble respect & assurances to the Congress 
that my Life & Fortune are devoted to the Cause of 
the thirteen United States of America & to the gener- 
al propagation of Liberty & that while my health & 
Strength will permit me I shall hold myself at the 
Command of my Country — 

I have the honour to be with great respect, 
Sir 

Your mo: obed^ & moidium. Serv^ 
I Signed | W'.'» Thomson 

Lieut. Col. Command^; of the 
Reg^: of Rangers, being the 
3';f^ Regt in So.Carolina 

(leneral Robert Howe. In Charles Town 

Camp at the Congarees 6^'.» October 1776. 
Sir 

The detachment of my Regiment which went 
to Georgia have not yet come to Head Quarters, but I 
expect them here in the course of this week — There 
are now in Camp 161 Officers & Privates, seven of 
whom are sick, the remainder all tit for duty — there 
are numbers sick also at their- homes, unable to join 
the Regiment at present, but I expect them as soon as 
they recover — I believe 1 shall not move from here 
untill towards the l^^ next month, when 1 intend to 
encamp near Nielson's ferry unless I receive orders to 
the contrary — I have not any news this way worth 
Your notice — 1 have the honour to be 

Sir 

Yours &c*- W. T 



444 THE HISTORY OF 

His Excellency John Rutledge Esq!; In Charles Town 
Camp at the Congarees 6^^ October 1776. 
Sir 

Inclosed you have a Return of the Names & 
dates of the Commissions of the Officers now in my 
Regiment & likewise the names of the Gentlemen who 
stand next lor preferment — Lieut^ Brown & Hop- 
kins being the two first oldest Lieutenants & good 
Men, I beg you will be pleased to send Commissions 
for them as by the Return you will see there are two 
vacancies for Captains. — There are also vacancies 
for four second Lieutenants, & 1 shall recommend the 
first four Gentlemen now on the Recruiting service 
who shall raise ten men each— The bearer Capt. 
Richard Winn with a detachment & 2 waggons waits 
for Your Excellencys orders — You will please to ob- 
serve that the first Eighteen Officers in my Regiment 
Rank by number & not by the dates of their Commis- 
sions — 

I have the honour to remain 

Your Excellencys &c^ 
W. T. 

General Robert Howe, In Charles Town 

Amelia 15th October 1776. 

Sir 

Inclosed you have a Return of the detachment 
marched to Georgia, a Copy of Your Letter concern- 
ing the Expedition is sent to the Officer Commanding 
said detachment with orders strictly to adhere to & 
punctually to obey your directions therein contained 
I have directed the officer to Cross Savanna River be- 
low Augusta & from thence to proceed to Fort Bar- 
rington on the Alatainaha. The detachment is very 
badly provided with ammunition. 

I am sorry to inform you that 1 have been confined 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 



445 



eleven days with a severe fever, which has rendered 
me incapable of getting out of bed without help, & 
that a great many of the officers & Men are very sick 
with a disorder called the Mumps, which is very brief 
in Camp, besides those who were before afflicted with 
the fever, which occasions the Camp to be very thin 
both of officers & men who are fit for duty — 
I remain with great respect 
Sir Yours &Cc 

W. T. 



A Return of the Detachment of Rangers Command- 
ed by Capt John Caldwell, which marched from Camp 
at the Congarees on an Expedition to Georgia. The 
14tii October 1776— 



Marched from Camp 
To March this Week 



/ cr / 1^1 1 


S /-/<^/ 


/•^/y- /S/^/ 


/ ^ / ^" / i? / 58 / ^ 


^ S -^ ■:: -3 




1 O 1 ^ 1 :iQ 1 1^ / 5w 


2 


3 


3 


93 


101 




1 


1 


7 


9 






2 


4 


4 


100 


110 



General Robert Howe, In Charles Town 

Amelia 15tji October 1776 
Sir. 

Your orders of the 12ti> I this moment received 
by Express, 1 shall do all in my power to get the 
Batallion together, tho' I am afraid it will be some 
days first — the detachment that went to Georgia un- 
der Major Mayson returned only last Thursday & the 
Major has given them leave of absence till the 6th of 
November, as they are at present much scattered & a 



446 THE HISTORY OF 

great deal of sickness amongst them will make it diffi- 
cult to collect them together k I am afraid will not 
be effected so soon as you may want them or I could 
wish for &: my not being in a condition to exert my 
self will be some hinderance, God knows when 1 
shall be able to leave my loom, but never-theless I 
shall give all necessary orders to collect them as quick 
as possible 

I remain 
Sir 

Yours &c^: 
W. T. 



Capt. John Caldwell, on A march towards the South- 
ward — 

Amelia IS^ii October 1776 
Sir 

By a Letter which I received from General 
Howe since 1 wrote Yon la.st, I have reascn to think 
the remainder of my Regiment will be ordered to- 
wards Georgia should occasion require it, but should 
it be otherwise, I hope as soon as You have executed 
Your orders there You will join me with your detach- 
ment either at the Congarees or where you shall hear 
the Regiment is — I have ordered Lieut, Beames to 
join you immediately & to take with him a sufficient 
number of Men to complete the detachment 

I still continue confined to my room very sick, but 
hope to be soon l)etter, wdien I may perhaps write you 
further — I wish you success & a Safe return to 
Camp — I remain 

Sirs Yours &Cf^ 
W. T. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 447 

General Robert Howe In Charles Town 

P Capt Warle}^ 

Amelia l^t December 1776. 
Sir 

Please to receive inclosed a Return of my Regi- 
ment up to this daj^ I am extremely sorry it was not 
in my power to have' sent You one sooner, but some 
of ray Captains not coming to Camp agreeable to or- 
ders was the occasion of it, however you may rest as- 
sured that in future I shall transmit you Monthl}^ Re- 
turns 

I should have done myself the pleasure of waiting 
on you long before this, had not my 111 state of health 
prevented me, but as I find myself grow stronger daily 
shall endeavour to do it sonje time this week 

1 remain with great respect 
Yours &C. W. T, 



Captain Richard Winn — going to Georgia 

Camp near Nelson's Ferry 28tii Decern 1776 
Sir 

You are to proceed from Camp early tomorrow 
morning with the detachment under your Command 
for Georgia, there relieve Captain Caldwell & his de- 
tachment & follow such orders as he or the Command- 
ing officer there may give you — You are to send me 
a lietnrn of Your Detachment at least once a Month, 
in order that 1 may have it in my power to render in 
a monthly one to the General here — 

I am 
Sir 

Yours &C 

W. T. 



448 THE HISTORY OF 

^ Captain Winn. 
Captain John Caldwell, at Fort Harrington In Georgia 
Camp near Nelson's Ferrv 2St'i Decern 1777* 
Sir 

I have sent Capt. Richard Winn & 2 Subalterns 
with 2 Serjeants & 50 Rank & File to relieve the De- 
tachment under Yonr Command with directions to 
follow such orders as you or the Commanding officer 
in Georgia maj^ give him, after which You are to pro- 
ceed with Your said Detachment to the place of En- 
campment here where I shall be very glad to see you 
— Your several Letters did not come to hand untill 
three days after General Howe arrived in Town & then 
it was the first time that I heard from you since you 
left the Congarees — probably you could never meet 
with an opportunity to write me before however be 
that as it may T am very glad to hear that you & the 
other officers were all well, I wish you & them a happy 
new Year «S: a safe arrival in Camp — 

I remain with great regard 
Sir 

Yours &C<^ 
W. T. 

Major Morgan Conner In Charles Town 

Amelia 2<1 January 1777 
^ Lieut. Maskall. 
Sir 

Please to receive under cover hereof a Monthly 
Return of my Regiment up to the 1^^ Instant, as also 
one for General Howe, which I beg you will deliver to 
him — there are some of my officers, I am informed 
who will not take Continental Commissions — I ex- 
pect to be in Town in the course of four or five days, 

* 177(5. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 449 

when T shall do nu' self the pleasure of waiting on 
You and the General — 

I am with great Esteem 
Sir Yours &!> 
W. T. 

His Excellency John Eutledge Esq''^In Charles Town 
Camp near Nelson's Ferr3' lO^ii Jan^^ 1777. 
Sir 

Agreeable to the request in Your Exceliencj^'s 
favour of the 17**1 Instant which I received last night 
^ Express, I inclose a Return of my Regiment up to 
this day — Youi- Letter to Col. Sumter was forward- 
ed to him immediately as it came to hand, but his an- 
swer is not yet arrived — I would have wrote Your 
Excellency more fully by this opportunity, but as I 
propose being in Town in a few days, must beg leave 
to postpone adding any more untill 1 have the pleas- 
ure of seeing Your Excellency. — 

1 remain with much Esteem 
Your Excellency's mo: hum'' Serv* 
W. T. 

Major Samuel Wise — Camp near Nelson's Ferry 

Charles Town 25ti' April 1777. 
Sir 

In consequence of orders which I just received 
from His Excellency the Pi'esident, 1 hope you will 
immediately on the receipt hereof, order 2 Captains 4 
Lieutenants, 4 Serjeants 1 Drum & 1 Fife and 100 
Rank & File well mounted with Twelve Waggons to 
Charles Town — Capt Warley is the first officer for 
Duty therefore You will please order the next Captain 
in turn, as also the Lieutenants — endeavour to pro- 
cure the Waggons without pressing if possible, but at 



450 THE HISTORY OF 

any rate they must be had & with the greatest expedi- 
tion — Capt. Kirshaw is sick here & unfit for Duty — 
the Pay Master I expect will receive his Money this 
day & will meet the Detachment on the road & pay 
them — 

I am 

Sir Yr mo: homb*^ Servt 
W. T- 

General Robert Howe ----- Charles Town 
Camp near Nelson's Ferry 9^'^ June 1777 

8ir 

As I was necessitated to discharge those Men 
belonging to my Regiment who were enlisted to serve 
no longer than the l^t Instant, it has been the means 
of reducing the Regt; to a certain number now on the 
Continental Establishment, which you will be made 
acquainted with by the inclosed Return, excepting 6 
Serjeants & 45 Privates to serve upwards of Twelve 
Months longer who were enlisted upon the first estab- 
lishment of my Regiment — My sole motive for 
troubling you at present, is to beg Your opinion in 
what I shall take the liberty of proposing & receiving 
your advice thereupon 

As there seems to be not the least expectation of an 
Enemy shortly, I would propose sending all my ofii- 
cers out on the Recruiting Service & giving Furlows 
to all the Men in Camp for two months (save about 30 
or 40) to go home, with orders to Recruit as many 
men as they could possibly get; this method I presume 
would be of infinite service in procuring Recruits, as I 
am well convinced that many of the men have great 
weight & influence in & about where they live & that 
this indulgence might induce others to enlist — 

Lieut. Col. Mayson who is the bearer of this will in- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 451 

foi'Tii 3^ou of eveiT partieukiv relative to the Regiment 
to whojii T beg leave to refer you — 

I I'emain with great respect 
Sir 

Yr Mo: huinb Sevt: 
W. T. 

His Excellency John Rutledge Esq^' Charles Town 
Camp near Nelson's Ferr3^ 9^*i June 1777 

Sir 

I take the liberty of informing Your Excellen- 
cy that I have discharged all those men belonging to 
my Regiment, who were enlisted to serve this State 
untill the 1*^^ Instant — The Regt is now reduced to 
a certain number on the Continental Establishment & 
6 Serjeants & 45 Privates enlisted on the first Estab- 
lishment of My Regt to serve for three Years, as you 
will perceive by the inclosed Return 

I am of opinion that were these men at present in 
Camp given Furlows to, for two months, to go home, 
with orders to Recruit for My Regt it would be of in- 
finite service, as I am vei'y certain many of them have 
g7'eat weight & influence in & about the neighborhood 
where they live & this indulgence might be of great 
benefit to the Recruiting service: I also purpose send- 
ing the greatest part of my officers on the same duty 
& I make not the least doubt of my Regiment being 
tolerably forward before many months — 

1 shall be very happy in i^eceiving Your Excel lencys 
Advice & Instructions as soon as possible — the bear- 
er Lieut Col. Mayson can give you any intelligence 
relative to the Regiment, in the mean time, I beg 
leave to add that I am with great respect 

Yr Mo: humb. Serv^ 
W. T 



452 THE HISTORY OF 

Sir By Major Wise please to receive -d re- 

turn of my Regiment you will see by it that my offi- 
cers has not returned from Recruiting I do not expect 
them until the 1 Septr Please to let Major Wise have 
200 Muskets and Bayonets Flints and Carteridges paper 
I intend to have Muskets and Bayonets for my meiii 
except 100 which I would have complete Rifle men 
with good Horses and spears I would be much obliged 
to you for advice in remodeling my Regiment so as to 
make them of most service to the State I would have 
waited on you before this time had it not been for a 
Fall from my Horse which broke my brest Bone so 
that as yet I am not fit to Ride as soon as the officer8 
Comes in wnll wait on you then I will be able to 
Judge how many Muskets I shall want 
I am Sir 

Your Most Hbl Serv^ 
W. T 

P. 8 I have mentioned my intentions of new model- 
ing my Regiment to his Excellency the president hope 

to obtain his approbation with yours 

Amelia 13tii Augl 1777 To General Robert Howe- 

Sir 

By Major Wise you will I'eceive a return of my 
Regiment you will see by it that my [officers] are not 
yet returned from recruiting Please to let Major 
Wise have 200 Muskets and Baynets Flints and Oar- 
teridge paper If you think it proper I will have 
Muskets for all my men except one hundred of the 
most expert to be Rifle men with good Horses and 
Spears I should be glad to receive your approbation 
and advice on new modeling my Regm^ to make them 
of the most service to the State I should have waited 
on you my self before this Time had it not been for a 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 453 

Fall from m}' Horse which broke my brest Bone and 
am not yet able to Ride I expect all my officers in by 
the first of Sep!; then I shall be able to make proper 
Return and know how many Muskets I shall want 

I am Sir 

Amelia IS^h Augt, 1777 Your Most Hble Servt 

W. T. 
To His Excellency John Rntledge Esquir 

Sir 

Inclosed yon v\ill Receive Copy of orders I re- 
ceived from his Exoely you will do all in your power 
to have them complyed with especially Capi Lyle 2 
lieutl 2 Serjents & 50 men will call on you Cap^ Cald- 
well, Capt Brown 4 Lieuts 4 serjents and 100 men well 
guard the goal they will acquaint Col Williamson as 
soon as arrive at 96 of there being there Please to 
order all the men that is on Furlow all new recruits 
to Camp immediately do let any Joyn the 100 at the 
Goal or Capt Lyles detachmen they may if you think 
proper a few if there should be any up there that 
would rather stay and send some of them down that 
went from Camp Capt Caldwell Brown and Lyle will 
send to me their pa,y Bill by the first of Sept 

I am 

Sir Your Hmble Servt 
W. T- 
Col James Mayson 

Augt l(>ti' 1777 
Sir 

You will proceed to Congarees and out of the 
detachment that is on their March with Capt Brown 
take 2 Lieut^ 2 Serjeants and 50 Men and March them 
to Col Mayson and there you will exert the best 
measures with him to take James Lindley Richard 



454 THE HISTORY OF 

Pearce cind John Parker and on good Evidence any 
that is concerned with them and sen<l them to Charles- 
town under a Good Guard 

I am Sir 

To Your Hble Sevt 

Oapt Lyies W: T. 

17tfi Awgl 1777 
Sir 

As soon as you arrive at Gongarees with the 
Detachment under Your Command You will Detach 
off Capt Lyall 2 Lieuts 2 Serjeants and 50 men Capt 
Lyall has his orders where to march them then you 
will proceed with the remainder of your Detachment 
96 where you are to Guard the Goal as soon as you ar- 
rive there you will acquaint Col And^ Williamson 
with your arrival and orders Please be careful to 
march the Men early in the morning that their March 
may be over before the heat of the Day I am Sir 

Your Hble Sevt 
W. T. 
I have sent 20 lb of my own Powder and 50 ib Lead 
And some Flints of the publicks to your Detachment 
You will divide with Capt Lyalls 
To Capl Brown. 

28 August 1777 
Sir 

Inclosed you will receive a Copy of orders I this 
moment received from his Excelency the President 
please to peruse it observe the contents and do all in 
your power to have them imniediately comply'd with 
if in your power take the Command your self if not 
give great Charge to the Commanding officer of the 
Detachment to be careful of the Indians. If Mrs May- 
son is not Delivered I can not expect you to go I 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 455 

hope Cap^ Caldwell will exert himself on this occasion 
as I inake no doubt he will let him know the Gover'l? 
orders on that head and my earnest request to have 
them comply'd with &c- Inclosed you have a New;? 
paper I this moment rec4 from our Major: I am 
much better then when I wrote to you last Pleaise to 
order all the officers and men (that does not belong to 
the Detachment brown gave up) to repair to Camp 
with all convenient speed Lieut Crowders and Mascal 
is both ver}^ sick at Camp I am 

—Sir 

Yours Hble Servt 
To Colonel James Mayson W. T. 

near 

Ninety Six 

■ 15tii September 1777 
Sir 

You will please order 50 horse men & 50 foot 
men Properly officer'd to Guard Ninety Six goal or 
any other service that may be required of them, all 
the Remainder of the Two Detachments you will or- 
der to Camp with the officers, Please to order Lieut 
Thomson down as I have Provided a Place in Town 
for him (that is School) Please send after any De- 
serters you hear of Belonging to our Regiment or any 
other of our States Regiments 

I am Sir Your most Huble 
W. T. 
LI Coif' James Mayson Sen^; 

15th September 1777-- 
Sir 

I came yesterday from Town after being there 
S days in the hottest weather T ever felt Endeavouring 
to get Cloths for my men. Bought cloth a £15 ^ yd 



456 THE HISTORY OF 

& Scarlet I)'.' a £25 ^ yd hope to he able to Clothe thern 
Compleatly as soon as Capt Hatten Arrives, who went 
to France for Clothing for the Sohlier.s — the Assem- 
bly has Voted that the Soldiers should have 1 Coat I 
Jacote 1 ^ Breeches 2 Shirts 2 ^ Stockings 2 ^ Shoes 
1 Black Cravat and 1 Blanket each year. I hope this 
Ample Provision for Soldiers will make some that are 
like to Lay cold this winter list in our Regiment — 
I saw the Pay Master in Town he told me he had but 
seven Returns, I am sorry to see that my request to 
the officers has been treated with Disreguard 1 saw an 
order from you on the same head as Little Noticed 1 
should be sorry to See in my Orderly Book any orders 
that would not be a credit to them whom I ^o much 
Esteem — John James Haig is appointed Our Pay 
Master. I shall send to Town with the other Returns 
as soon as they come to hand and the Money shall go 
up as soon as Posible, Pray excuse me in answering 
your Letters in full as I am very unwell I had the 
fever Friday with heat & Fatigue Lt. Crowther has 
been very sick but is recouverd & is well Mr, Richard- 
son told me he had sent you the Papers or I Should 

I am Sir Yr Huble — 
To Sevt W. T. 

Lt- Col" James Mayson 

Camp at Orange burgh 2 Ocf 1778 

Sir 

In consequence of a copy of your Orders for- 
warded to me by Coh' Huger dated 17^1' September — 
I joined the first Detachment under Capt F Warley 
the 24th at this Place — on the 25^1^ Capt Browns De- 
tachment arrived at the same place from Nelsons 
Ferry — On the 1^* Inst: arrived Col" Mayson with 
the Remainder of my Regt all safe — & at 10 oclock 



ORANGEBURQ COUNTY, 457 

yesterday evening Your orders ^ Express of 26th 
tSept^'came to hand which I shall immediately Comply 
with 

I am with Esteem 

Sir Yours &C« 

RS. 

I am sorry to acquaint you that from the be- 
haviour of Lt Taggart to and at this place I have been 
under the Necessity of Putting him under arrest — - 
To 

The HonWe m. G. Howe 

Camp at Orangeburgh 20 N 1778 
Sir 

On the Cover of M General Howes orders I Re- 
ceived a line from you of the 27^^ i^g Informing me I 
should Renew Orders from You & General Howe — 
the Latter is come to hand Perhaps the Express may 
have lost your orders to me as they are not as yet ar- 
rived 

The River in our Neighborhood has been Exceeding 
high and done as much Damage The Particulars of 
which I have not time at Present to Mention 

I am Sirs Yrs &C<* 
To 
Col" Isac Huger 

Camp Orangeburgh 3^^ October 1778 
Sir 

You are to take post with the Detachment un- 
der your Command at or near the Place where Capt 
Smith lately encamp'd fully empowered to remove 
that post to one that may keep the inhabitants & their 
monys secure from the inrodes & Deprodations of 
such unlawfull Banditty as may cross Savannah River 
keeping out scouting parties to Aid the Disaffected, 



458 THE HISTORY OF 

and Protect those citizens who are well affected iii 
their Persons & Propertys You will use every effort in 
Your Power to cut off all Intercourse & Connection 
between the inhabitants of this State and those of 
East Florida, and should such persons fall into your 
hands, or into the hands of those under Your Com- 
mand you will in that case act agreeable to the Laws 
of the land & articles of war You will give such aid 
to the Civil Authority & to the Militia as may Crush & 
subdue at every Hazzard Those Publick Disturbers of 
Peace & good order You will keep up the strictest 
Dicipline & take the greatest care of the arms of those 
Men under Your Command & see they Do not w'ant or 
Destroy their Clothing and amunition Those crimes 
are not to Escape Your Notice or go unpunish'd you 
are to take great care you are not surpris'd in Your 
encampment having always your Arms k accoutre- 
ments Ready & well prepared tit for action 

Should you Receive any Intellegence of Consequence 
You are immediately to Transmit it to head Quarters 
& I should strongly ]'ecommend that once in Ten days 
the parties from Capt"* Browns & Smiths Detach- 
ments may meet & give each other such Intelligence 
as may Contribute much to the advantage of the Ser- 
vice You are sent upon, and at the same time inform- 
ing me or the Command:g officer in Camp, that I, or 
he may give orders accordingly You will keep an 
Exact Jurnal of Your proceedings which will accom- 
pany your letters in order that Government may be 
guarded against such applications as will l)e made by 
Persons who in Corse of Service will Complain 

I am Sir Your Most 
Obt W. T 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 459 

Orangeburgh 3^1 Octi' 1778 

Sir 

InclosVl You will please receive the Commis- 
sions of Lieutenants Hart & Thomson the Two Eldest 
Lieutenants in my Regiment whose Resignation is 
owing to the new Establish'^ taking place in the army 
which Deprives them of Captains Rank according to the 
old one allso Lt Crowthers Commission who is going 
into Tritde Cap*;*^ Brown and Hopkins with 2 Lieut^ 4 
Sergt*^ & 65 Rank & file March this morning for Silver 
Bluff on Savannah River & Capt^; Smith & Jas: War- 
ley with the same number of officers & men for Sa- 
vannah River near Mathews' Bluff with such orders to 

them Respectively as you have ordered I shall 

Indeavour to send the Return of the Military Stores 
in a few Days. 

1 am w^ii great Respect 
Sir Yours &Cc 
To 
His Excellency M G Howe 
Town 

Orangeburgh 3»i Oct'; 1778 — - 

Sir 

By the inclosed Roster of my Regiment you will 
find that I have now^ only ten Companies the Comp-V^ 
of the Late having Distributed Capt"*^ R Goodwyn & 
Maskall 1 agreeable to the new Establishment, I have 
sent off this Morning two Detachments consisting 
each of 2 Cap^^ 2 Subalterns 4 Serg« & 65 Rank & file 
one for Silver Bluff & the other for Matthews Bluff on 
Savannah. 

You will please observe that in several of the Pay 
Bills now sent Down that there have been njany men 
omitted to be Returned for, owing entirely to some off 



460 THE HISTORY OF 

ours being so often Detach'd from their Companies 

I am w^ii Great Respect 
To Yours &Cc 

His Excellency 
Rowlen Lownds Esqi" 
President & Comm'; in chief 
in & for the State So Carole n a 

Orangebargh 8<J Oef 1778 
Sir 

This morning agreeabe to GenJ. Howes Orders 
1 sent off Two Detachments each of 2 Captains 2 Siib'j^ 
4 Sargeants & 65 Rank & file for Silver Bluff & Mat- 
thews Bluff on Savannah River. Capt Rich^ Browo 
Commands one & Capt John Carraway Smith the 
other — in a few day T shall make you a Monthly Re- 
turn of the Regiment also a Return of the Militar3^ 
Stores belong to it — 
To 

Colo Isaac Hoger 

Camp Orangeburgh 19 Octf 1778 
Sir 

Inclos'd you have a Monthly Return of my Reg- 
iment up to the 16th Instant allso a Return of the 
arms & accoutrements with a Return of the Stores as 
far as it is in my Power to make it at Present — one 
of the Villians who Roli'd this place is now in goal — 
If I am Rightly inform'd Seven More of the Same 
gang will never do any more Mischief — I have Like- 
wise Inclosed the Charge against Lt Taggart. I should 
be glad you'd left me know whether the Dochester 
guard is to I)e Returned from Town or from here 
To I am Sir Your Most 

Col I Huger Humble Servt: W T 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 461 

Oi-angebnrgh 19^^^ October 1778 

Sir 

IiiclosM You have a Return of my Reg\ up to 
the IGt'^ Inst; Chavis one of the Villians who was at 
the Robery of this place is now in goal, & If I am 
Rightly informed then Seven more of the same gang 
will never do, commit any more Roberys, which ha^ 
Pritty well Quieted the Disturbances at Present, when 
I came to this place it seemed to be in great Confu- 
tion it was hard Judging between Whigg & Tory, 
which was best 

My Orders when I came here was to Protect the 
Civill Power, but I could find more to Protect, on the 
whole thing Seem to be more Settled in these Parts 
than ever they were Since our Troubles First began I 
hope to be in Town Next Week, when I will do myself 
the pleasure of waiting on You & giving you further 
Particulars 

To His Excellency Sign'd W. T- 

R Lowns 

Amelia 23<^ Octi' 1778 
Dear Sir 

I gladly Rec^? Yours of 20*^^ Inst; I am 
Sorry to find, that heathen like Piinciple Still Re- 
maining in the inhabitants of the frontiers knowing 
to be the beginners of all Comotions w^i^ the Indians, 
Save that of 76 with Cherokees, I have sent orders to 
Capt Brown to furnish you w^^^ as great a number of 
men, as he can spare only leaving a small guard at the 
Passes — & Should Capt Brow^n not be able to Spai'e 
you a sufficient number you w^ill Please apply to Capt 
Sniith at or near Matthews Bluff for 20 men having 
wrote to Capt Smith, that should you apply for that 
number to Send them immediately — I should think 



462 THE HISTORY OF 

myself happy in Corresponding with you when ever it 
may be Convenient 

I am D S Your Most 

Hmhl Servt: W T 

Geo Golphin Esqr: 

Amelia 23^^ October 1778 

1). Sir 

I Uec^ Yonrs of the 19th Jnst: wtii the Iletnro 
of Your Detachment. & am Exceeding glad to hear 

you are well If Mr Golphiu should apply for a 

Guard to go to Ogeechie with him yonl Please furnish 
him with all you can Spare leaving a sufficient num- 
ber to guard the Passes — My complements to all the 
officers 

I am D S Yrs &Cc 
C. R. Brown W. T 

Amelia 23'^ October 1 778 

Sir 

1 have not had the Pleasure of hearing from you 
Since you left Camp, tho Expect to hear ))y the Pay 

Master Should M'' Golphin apply to you for 

any number of men not Exceeding 20 Youl Please 
send them Immediately My compliments to all the 
officers 

1 am Sir Yrs &Cc 
Capt Jno C Smith W T 

Camp at Orangeburgh 21^* October 1778 — 
Sir 

You will Proceed with the party under Your 
Command to Morrises Ford on North Fork of Edistoe 
River, when there, You will do your utmost indeav- 
ours to Cut off all Intercourse & Communication be- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 46o 

tween the inhabitants of this State & those of East 
Florida and take up & send to me all Suspected Per- 
sons at or near your Post likewise to inform me of any 
Matter that is going on any where else, or any thing 
else that may come within Your Knowledge besides 
Your Post that will be of any Service or Disservice to 
this State — If any of the above mention'd Persons 
should fall into Your hands, you will send them here 
under a strong guard, You will Remain at or near S*^ 
Post until further Orders 

Sign'd W T 



To 



Lt Chas M Clenney 

Amelia 29t^» October 1778 



Sir 



You wrote me some time past that the Blank- 
etts & other Clothing the Remainder of what is Due. 
to the 3^1 Regiment was Ready for them I have Sent a 
waggon for them — Please to deliver them to Corpor- 
al Daniel Shannon 

I should have come to Town but hear it is very 
Sickly in town I shall Refir coming untill Froast 
Please to Send me a Bill of what you Deliver to the 
corporal — If there is any thing more than what I 
have had from you, due or that I may have a right to 
Receive out of the Publick Store 

Please to Receive it for me and You will much 
oblige 

Your Most Obdt. Servt 
To Sign'd W. T- 

Jno Sandaford Dart Esqi' 

Clothes Gen\ for State of 
So Carolina 



464 THE HISTORY OF 

Amelia 3>'t^ November 1778 
Sir/ 

I Received Yours of the 30*^' this day about one 
Oclock with the dispatches from the Governor & Ma- 
jor Genl How, I am much obliged to you for Comply- 
ing with part of them in Sending the Men with Can- 
non; Please to Enquire amongst the Men & Know who 
of them has Horses within one or two days Travel of 
the Camps, send them for them that we may he able 
to comply with the other Order in Gen''. How*t Dis- 
patches. 

T should have been at Orangeburgb on Monday, but 
one of my Children has been Til with the fever, which 
has never Intermitted this Eight days, as soon as She 
gets bettor 1 shall be at Camp. 

Please to send a man with the Inclosed to Captains 
Brown & Smith as soon as Possible and the one t(» 
Lieut. Mf'Gines 

1 am 

Yours &C 
(True Copy) William Thomson 
To 
CaptV John Donaldson 

Amelia S''^ November 177S 

Sir 

When Colonel Williamson Requires, you and 
The detachment (or any part of them) under Your 
Command You are to aid & Co operate with him. 

I am Yours &Cc 
(A True Copy) W"' Thomson 

Amelia ^^'^ November 1778 
Sir 

When Colonel Williamson Requires, you and 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 465 

the detachment (or any part of theiu) under Your 
Command, you are to aid & Co operate with him. 

I am 
A True Copy Yours &C: 

Sign,d William Thomson 

To 

Captain John C: Smith 

Amelia 3i<^ Noyi; 1778. 
Sir/ 

On Receipt of this You are to March The Men 
Under Your Command to Camp having A Guard of a 
Sergant & five Men in as private a place as possible, 
let them be men that you can depend upon, with or- 
ders to follow you to Camp in six days after you leave 
them, if they make no Discoveries, leave with the Ser- 
gant the same orders you received upon that Com- 
mand. 

I am Yours &C: 

Signed W»i Thomson 

A True Coppy 
To Lieutt McGines* 

Sectton 4. Other Coj/fhieutals fro}n OratHjdmrgh Dis- 
trict. 

It has been stated that the 3rd regiment (Thom- 
son's) of regulars contained many Orangeburgh men. 
The 1st regiment (Gadsden's, C. C. Pinckney's) also 
contained some Orangeburgh men, for Rev. C. C. Pinck- 

*The foregoing is a copy of Colonel William Thomson's Order Book, 
owned, and loaned to me, by Judge A. C Haskell. With the excep- 
tion of several pages, it was copied by me, and I certify that this is a 
true copy of said book. 

Susan Richardson Guignard, 
Columbia, S. C, Member D. A. R. 

Jan. 2Stii, 1S98. 



466 THE HISTORY OF 

ney, D. D,, says, in his ''Lite of Thomas Pinckney", 
page 27, that as soon as Captain Thomas Pinckney was 
authorized to enlist men, in July, 1775: "He at once 
determined to fill up the ranks of his company, and 
went to Orangeburg to gather recruits. As soon as 
he had obtained the requisite number of fifty men, his 
military knowledge was put into requisition", &c. 
And again, on page 48, Dr. Pinckney says: "Recruit- 
ing formed a large part of his duty during these earlier 
years of the war. He had already visited Orangeburg, 
and enlisted three fourths of his own company in that 
district."* 

And, in passing, it is well to relate that when Gen- 
eral Armstrong visited the South in 1776 to inspect 
the Continental troops, his brigade-major (Conner) 
"pronounced the first South Carolina regiment the 
best disciplined on the continent." 

When the first three regiments of regulars were 
formed in June, 1775, Isaac Huger, who owned a plan- 
tation in St. Mathew's Parish, and had several times 
represented that Parish in the Coloilial Assembly, was, 
on June 3rd, elected lieutenant-colonel of the 1st regi- 
ment. It is likely that his influence took some Orange- 
burgh men into that regiment. 



*And here it may be interesting to add that he visited Orangeburgh 
Distriet several times before the war ended, for in 1779 he attended 
Court in Orangeburgh, and successfully defended some prisoners who 
had erred through ignorance of military law. And we should also 
judge that he had been attending court at the Motte plantation, 
since in the same year he was married to Miss. Ehzabeth Motte. And 
again, after tlie battle of Camden, where he was wounded and cap- 
tured, he rei3aired, under parole, to the Motte place to recuperate and 
be nursed. 







GEN. ISAAC HUGEK. 



FKOM AN OLD PKINT. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 467 

In addition to the four regiments raised in 1775, two 
regiments of riflemen were voted in Februarj% 1776. 
Lieut. Col. Isaac Huger, of the 1st regiment, was made 
Colonel of the first regiment of rifles, which was, in 
July of that j-ear, taken into the Continental service, 
and thenceforward known as the 5th regiment of 
South Carolina Continentals. It is also likel}^ that Col. 
Huger* had some Orangeburgh men with him in that 
regiment. 

Although we have not been able to find any of the 
rolls of any of the companies of the Continental line, 
we have extracted from a pension roll, dated as late as 
1840, the following names of Revolutionary soldiers of 
the Continental Establishment from Orangeburgh Dis- 
trict: 

Orange Parish. 

Leven Argrove, 

Hugh Phillips, 

Andrew Houser, 

Erasmus Gibson, 

St. Mathew's Parish. 
Adam Garick. 

Barnwell. 
Tarleton Brown, 
Jesse Griffen, 
Daniel O'Dom, 
Henry B. Rice. 

*Col. Huger was appointed brigadier general January 9, 1777. 



468 THE HISTORY OF 

Section 5. The Local Militia. 

Besides those who fought in the regular service, 
Orangeburgh District furuished many men to the mili- 
tia branch of the service. In the early days of the 
war militia companies were formed in every section of 
the Colony. Their rolls w^ere sent down to the Coun- 
cil of Safety by whom they w^ere generally approved 
and their officers commissioned, and the companies 
assigned to regiments. 

In 1775 the militia of the Province consisted of thir- 
teen regiments, nearly every officer of which, and the 
large majority of the men of which, signed the Associ- 
ation. 

The Orangeburgh District regiment had William 
Thomson for its colonel, Christopher Rowe for its lieu- 
tenant-colonel, and Lewis Golson for its major.* The 
lower district between the Broad and Saluda rivers, 
the greater part of which was in Orangeburgh Dis- 
trict, had a regiment of which Robert Starke was 

colonel, Moses Kirkland, lieutenant-colonel, and 

Tyrrel, major. After Colonel Thomson was made col- 
onel of the 3rd regiment of regulars (Rangers), the 
command of the Orangeburgh District regiment de- 
volved upon Rowe, though Col. Thomson seems to 
have exercised a sort of supervision over it, and, in 
the back country expeditions in 1775, spoke of it as, 
"my regiment of militia."f And during the siege of 
Charlestown, and after his exchange, he probably re- 
sumed command of the regiment. 

On November 21st, 1775, the Provincial Congress 
adopted the following resolution: "That all corps of 

*Drayton's Memoirs, Vol. I, page 353. 

fin a letter to the Council of Safety, dated Nov. 28, 1775, Col. Thom- 
son stated that three of the militia companies existed in liis inniiedi- 
ate neighborhood. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 469 

Regulars take precedence of all corps of Militia, and 
that the regiments of Militia shall take precedence 
in the following manner: 1. Berkeley County. 2. 
Charles Town. 3. Granville County. 4. Colleton 
County. 5. Craven County, the lower part. 6. Orange- 
burg. 7. Craven County, the upper part. 8. Camden. 
9. Ninety-Six, north of the Fish Dam Ford and be- 
tween Enoree, Broad and Saluda Rivers. 10. The 
New Acquisition, south of the Fish Dam Ford and be- 
tween Broad and Saludy Rivers, north of Enoree and 
between Broad and Saludy Rivers." 

In the Provincial Congress on March 23rd, 1776, it 
was resolved: "That the fork between Saluda and 
Broad Rivers, be divided into three regiments, accord- 
ing to the division of districts by the resolve of Con- 
gress of the 9th February last; one regiment in each 
of the districts." The lower or "Dutch Fork", regi- 
ment was probably commanded by Col. Jonas Beard, 
as we find, by a letter to Gen. Moultrie, dated April 
6th, 1778, mention made by President Lownrdes of 
"Col Beard" and his regiment of militia at "the Con- 
garees." 

The niilitia of South Carolina were, on March 28th, 
1778, divided into three brigades, commanded by Gen- 
erals Stephen Bull, Richard Richardson, Sr., and An- 
drew Williamson, respectively. Gen. Richardson lived 
in the Parish of St. Mark's, which was across the San- 
tee from Orangeburgh Distiict, and Gen. Williamson 
lived in Ninety-Six District adjoining Orangeburgh 
District on the North, and it is therefore likely that 
the bulk of the militia of Orangeburgh District be- 
longed to these brigades, though some belonged to 
Bull's brigade as is shown by Tarleton Brown in his 
"Memoirs."* 

*B.v the "Return of tlie Difterent Detachments on duty at Savan- 
nah in Georgia, under the Command of Colonel Stephen Bull", we 



470 THE HISTORY OF 

After the fall of Cliarlestown, (leiieral Richardson 
having previously resigned,* General Bull having been 
paroled by the British, and General Williamson hav- 
ing taken British protection, Governor Rutledge com- 
missioned Colonels Thomas Sumter, Francis Marion 
and vVndrew Pickens as brigadiers of militia. Subse- 
quently John Barnwell was made a brigadier of mili- 
tia; and it said that Col. James Williams had just re- 
ceived a brigadier's commission when killed at King's 
Mountains. 

These officers were each given, by Governor Rut- 
ledge, military jurisdiction over a certain territory. 
In his proclamation of August 5th, 1781, Governor 
Rutledge warns all persons holding any property of 
the enemy 'to deliver it to the brigadier general of 
the district in which it is"; and again in his proclama- 
tion of September 27th, 1781, he stated that "the sev- 
eral brigadiers of militia" had been ordered to perform 
certain functions "within their respective districts". 

It is probable that a part of Orangeburgh District — 
the upper and western sections — was in Pickens's mili- 
tia district, and the western part, from the North Ed- 
isto to the Santee, in Sumter's militia district. 

These militia brigades were very well organized and 
rendered valuable service, but as the militia law was 
quite lax, the men dispersed to their plantations at 
pleasure, and only assembled in times of great public 
danger, or when there was a chance of a fight. The 
result of this was that a brigade was often reduced to 
the size of a company. This free and easy, come and 



learn that 1 captain, 1 lieutenant, 2 sergeants, 1 druninier and 24 pri- 
vates of the New Windsor company, and 1 captain and H privates of 
tlie Upper Three Runs company were present at Savannaii on March 
15th, 1776, soon after the British attack on tiiat place. 
*He died soon after resigning. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 471 

go method of campaigning has induced many writers 
to apply the term ''partisan militia" to the brigades of 
Sumter, Marion and Pickens; but is a mistake to sup- 
pose that these were Robin Hood sort of bands. They 
were regularly established militia brigades with Gov- 
ernor Rutledge's power and authority behind them. 
And Governor Rutledge's power and authority ema- 
nated from the State legislature, and, therefore, from 
the people. 

But there were many militia companies that acted 
independently at times of the regiments and brigades 
to which they belonged, and without any special au- 
thority from a superior officer. There are many in- 
teresting traditions concerning several of these militia 
companies of Orangeburgh District. 

One of them was commanded by Captain Jacob 
Rumph, who lived about five miles above Orangeburg 
village. It probably formed a part of Rowe's regi- 
ment. It is said to have marched to Savannah, in 
17*78, to join the American army in besieging that 
town, but arrived too late, the siege having been 
abandoned. 

Mr. C. M. McMichael, of this County says that his 
father, Jacob McMichael.* has often related to him 
many of the exploits of Rumph's company which had 
been related to him by Lieut. Wannamaker, and says 
that his father has often pointed out to him the spot 
whereon Rumph's house stood, and also a large oak 
whereon he said Rumph hung many Tories. His 
father was a boy of 10 or 12 during the Revolution, 
and lived not many miles from Capt. Rumph, and he 
further related to Mr. McMichael that Rumph had a 
"bull pen" wherein he kept his prisoners. 

Leaving tradition and returning to records, it is a 

*Wliose first wife was a niece of Capt. Runipli, and a daughter of 
Lieut. Wannamaker' of Rumph's company. 



472 THE HISTORY OF 

certaint}^ that Capt Runipli still coiiiiuaiicled acoinpa- 
ny of militia in Orangeburgh District in 1784, as will 
1)6 seen by the following extract from Judge O'Neall's 
"Bench and Bar of South Carolina", page 341: 
"November, 1784. 
"Mr. Justice Hey ward. 

"On motioi] of Mr. Sheriff, ordered that Capt. Jacob 
Humph do immediately send six men, out of his com- 
pany, to guard the gaol for the space of seven days; 
and that, after the expiration of seven days, ordered 
that Capt. Henry Felder do relieve the aforesaid six 
men with six men from his company, to continue 
seven days; and that, after said term, Capt. Rumph 
shall again send the same compliment of men to re- 
lieve Capt. Felders men, and so each to relieve the 
other alternately, until the prisoners now confined in 
gaol, and under sentence of death, be executed accord- 
ing to sentence, or otherwise disposed of." (From 
Circuit Court records.) 

Below is a roll of Capt Rumph's company. It was 
first published in the Clayton, Alabama, Baiuia', and 
had, it is said, been furnished that paper by the 
holder of the original roll. A copy of the published 
roll was sent to the Sonfhron, a newspaper published 
in Orangeburg about 1860, by the late Capt A. Govan 
Salley, and it was republished in the Southron on Sep- 
tember 10, 1861, with the remark that the editor had 
"no doubt of its authenticity", and that it was "worthy 
of remark that after the lapse of three-quarters of a 
century, the names, with scarcely an exception, still 
exist among the present inhabitants of Orangeburg 
District." The writer then adds: "The following are 
the names of Capt Jacob Rumph's men who fought the 
Tories of South Carolina in 1783, Orangeburg District, 
commanded by Col Wm Russell Thomson." 

The writer was wrong in giving the date 1783, and 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 



473 



he also probably mixed W'." Russell Thomson up with 
Wm. Thomson, his father. 

Jacol) Rumph, Captain 
Jacob Wannamaker, 1st Lt. Lewis Golson Sergeant 



John Golson, 2nd Lt. 
Frederick Snell 
John Cooke 
Henry Whestone, 

(Whetstone) 
Peter Snell 
John Moorer 
John Ditchell 
Paul Strom an 
Jacob Riser 
Abrani Miller 
John Lemmerman, 

(Zimmerman) 
John Whestone, 

(Whetstone) 
Michael Zigler, (Zeigler) 
Peter Pound 
John Ott 
David Rumph 
John Rumph 
John Hoober, (Hoover) 
John Densler, (Dantzler) 
John Miller 
Henr}^ Wannamaker 
John Amaka 
Michael Larey, 
George Ryly, (Riley) 
John Amaka 
John Brown 
Daniel Bowden 
Wni Hall 



David Gisendanner, Clerk 
Jesse Pearson 
Jacob Amaka 
Jacob Hoegar, (Horger) 

Christian Inabnet 
George Shingler 
Anthony Robinson 
John Cooney, (Cooner) 
Jacob Strom an 
John Deremus, (Deramus) 
Jacob Cooney, (Cooner) 

Thomas Aberhart 

John Strom an 

Nicholas Dill 

Peter Staley 

Nicholas Rickenbacker 

Nicholas Hulong, (Herlong) 

John Inabnet 

John Houk 

Jacob Rickenbacker 

Robert Bayley, (Baily) 

Arthur Barrot 

Frederick Burtz 

Peter Crouk, (Crook) 

Martin Grambik 

John Dudley 

John Rickenbacker 

Isaac Lester 



474 THE HISTORY OF 

Benj. Collar, (Culler) Henry Lester 

Conrad Crider Henry Strom an 

Abram Ott John Housliter 

The company is said to have numbered seventy men, 
but it is evident that there are only sixty-five names 
on the above list. 

Many thrilling stories of the exploits of Rumph's 
daring partisans are told by the old people of this sec- 
tion, but, while many of them are no doubt ill-found- 
ed, or badly mixed up with other occurrences, they are 
worth preserving, and perhaps future discoveries in 
the way of records will either confirm or destroy their 
truth. 

The following account of some of the exploits in 
which Eumph's company was engaged is taken from 
the Southern Cabinet for 1840. The article is signed 
"J.", and was probably written by Gen. David F. Jami- 
son, of Orangeburg, a grandson of Capt Rumph, who 
signed most of his articles simply "J": 

"After the siege and fall of Charleston in the year 
1780, and the shameful violation of the articles of 
treaty by the British officers, the war in South Caroli- 
na became essentially of a partisan character. The 
State was overrun, but not subdued. Bold spirits 
arose everywhere to assert their liberties, and they 
were frequently and instantaneously crushed by a 
powerful and unsparing foe, and no recollection now 
survives of themselves or their deeds; but not all of 
them thus perished. One fearful contest tradition has 
preserved, which I will endeavor to record— a struggle 
of man with his fellow man, a pursuit, a pistol shot 
and a death. 

"Capt Jacob Rumph, (known after the Revolution 
better perhaps, as Gen Rumph,) of Orangeburg Dis- 
trict, was the commander of a troop of cavalry raised 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 475 

ill his neighborhood to protect themselves and their 
families, who lost no occasion of aiding their friends 
or annoying their enemies. They are all gone; history 
has not recorded their names, but few bolder spirits 
struck for liberty in that eventful war. Capt. Rumph 
was a man of prodigious size and strength, of great 
courage and coolness in the hour of danger, and 
though of a harsh and imperious disposition, no one 
was better fitted for the command of the hardy and 
intrepid men who composed his corps. They were 
usually dispersed at their ordinary avocations on their 
farms, but they united at a moment's warning from 
their leader. 

"Not long after Charleston was taken by the British 
Capt. Rumph was returning with two of his wagons, 
which had been sent to (Tiarleston with produce in 
charge of a Dutchman named Houselighter, and while 
slowly riding in company with his wagons on a small 
but strong horse, his mind gloomily brooding over the 
oppressed and almost hopeless condition of South Car- 
olina, he had reached a large pond, on what is now 
called the old road, about seven miles below the vil- 
lage of Orangeburg, when he was suddenly roused by 
the approach of three men on horseback, whom he in- 
stantly recognized as his most deadly foes. They were 
well mounted, and armed like himself with sword and 
pistol. When the horsemen had reached the opposite 
side of the road to Capt. Rumph they halted for a mo- 
ment and would have approached him nearer, but he. 
placing himself in the best posture of defence he could, 
called out to them: 'Gentlemen, stand off — I wish to 
have nothing to do with you!' The Tories, for such 
they were, surveyed him for an instant, and after a 
short conference with each other, to Capt. Rumph's 
great relief, rode on, and soon disappeared at the next 
turn of the road. 



476 THE HISTORY OF 

"Rumph, though he saw with no little satisfaction 
that the Tories had passed on, yet was too well ac- 
quainted with them to suppose for a moment that he 
was to get off so easily. He knew very well that the 
short respite they had thus given him was only that 
with an increased force he might become their prey 
with less danger to themselves. He rightly conjec- 
tured that the three who had passed him on the road 
were only scouts sent to apprehend him if unarmed, 
and who, if he had incautiously suffered them to ap- 
proach him, would have shot him down while off his 
guard. Casting his eyes about a moment for means of 
escape from his wily foes, the danger of his situation 
became fully apparent. The three troopers he knew 
belonged to the corps of the sanguinary Cuningham, a 
part of which, he was certain, was in the neighborhood, 
under the command of one of his subaltern officers, 
and Capt. Rumph, after carefully surveying his situa- 
tion, became fully conscious of his extreme danger of 
falling into the hands of his merciless foes. He was 
mounted upon a strong but slow horse, and the 
thought of escape on horseback was abandoned by 
him without hesitation. He was armed with a trusty 
cut and thrust sword and a brace of pistols, but it 
would have been madness, he well knew, to think of 
exposing himself to such odds as he was sure would be 
brought against him. There was no time to be lost. 
His only chance of escape at once flashed across his 
mind, and he immediately set about executing it. He 
rode his horse up to the pond already mentioned, and 
tied him fast to a tree. He then took off the greater 
part of his clothes and left them near his horse, to in- 
duce the suspicion that he had concealed himself in 
that pond. But that was very far from his real inten- 
tion. Be walked in the water near the margin of the 
pond until he had gained the side opposite to which 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 477 

he had tethered his horse, and, choosing with some 
caution the place at which he could best leave it, he 
set off at a rapid rate through the pine woods for home, 
a distance of some sixteen miles. 

"In the meantime the three troopers, who, as Capt. 
Kumph truly supposed, were a party detached to seize, 
him if they could, returned to their main body, con- 
sisting of about twenty men under the command of 
Lieut. Parker, and reported the situation in which they 
had left Capt. Rumph. Without loss of time the par- 
ty set off to overtake him. Upon their arrival at the 
pond they found that the wagons had proceeded but 
little distance from the spot which they occupied 
when the three Tories passed them, and Capt. Rumph's 
horse and clothes were in the same situation in which 
they had lieen left by him. The whole party rode up 
to the wagon and fiercely inquired of poor House- 
lighter, who was pale with terror, where Rumph was. 
He pointed to the pond, and they rode up to the place 
where the horse was tied, and when they saw his 
clothes and other signs of Rumph's having taken to 
the pond, they surrounded it on every side, and, dis- 
mounting, they entered it sw^ord in hand, and search- 
ed every place where he could possibly have been con- 
cealed. But their search was fruitless. Rumph was 
far on his way towards home before those who were 
so eagerly thristing for his blood could satisfy them- 
selves that he was not there. Irritated by the escape 
of the prey which they were so confident they had in 
their grasp, while one party scoured the neighboring 
woods in search of Capt. Rumph, the other party took 
cha.rge of the wagons, and, after taking such of the 
horses as could be serviceable to them, they stripped 
the wagons of everything they could not carry away 
and burnt them to ashes with the remaining part of 



478 THE HISTORY OF 

their freight. They worried poor Houselighter until 
he was ready to die with fear and left him.* 

"Capt. Riimph reached home about sunset, with the 
determination to give his pursuers chance of a fight 
with less odds on one side, and he immediately set 
about collecting the scattered members of his corps. 
This was soon accomplished, and they, about twentj^- 
five in number, were ready to set off in pursuit of the 
Tories by daylight the next morning. 

"This party had proceeded for several hours on their 
way, and had nearly reached the spot where the 
wagons, of their leader had been burned the day be- 
fore, and wdiich was the scene of his perilous escape, 
when they were informed that the Tories, not far be- 
low, were feeding their horses near the road and were 
wholly unprepared for an attack. The patriots were 
prepared for an attack. The patriots were extremely 
anxious to be led to the charge. Just before their 
eyes were the evidences of the wanton destruction of 
property by the Tories, and their momories could read- 
ily supply numberless instances of their horrid barbar- 
ity, rapine and murder. They proceeded at a quicken- 
ed pace along the road and soon their enemies appear- 
ed in the situation in which they had been described, 
with their horses carelessly feeding with their saddles 
on, their bridle-bits out of their mouths and their ri- 
ders lying about in groups, or sleeping apart from the 
rest on the ground. No surprise could have been 
more complete. The Tories discovered their oppo- 
nents at the distance of three or four hundred yards 
and at once prepared for fight. They soon caught 
their horses, bridled them and in an instant were 

*Houselighter, who was then a mere boy, lived to a great old age, 
and there are several old gentlemen of this section who well remem- 
ber him and his quaint Dutch expressions. He often told how Cun- 
ingham's men took his own wagon whip and flogged him severely 
with it. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 479 

mounted and flying in every direction. 'Save, who 
can', was the only word. Capt. Runiph and his troop- 
ers dashed down upon them and as the Tories scatter- 
ed, everyone for himself, the patriots were oljliged to 
single out and pursue, as they were nearly equal in 
number, almost every one his man. Various were the 
results of that fight and pursuit. 

'Tt was the fortune of Lieut. Parker, the officer in 
command of the Tories, to be singled out by Lieut. 
Wannamaker, of Capt. Rumph's Troop. Wannamaker 
was a man of singular boldness and true devil-may- 
care sort of spirit. He was a fine horseman, and on 
this occasion was uncommonly well-mounted. In 
this respect, however, he was not superior to Parker; 
for after a chase of nearly two miles Wannamaker 
had gained but little, if any, upon Parker, but, unfor- 
tunately for the latter, after keeping well ahead for 
that distance, and while looking back to see if the 
enemy was gaining upon him, his horse carried him 
under a stooping tree, which struck him a violent 
blow upon the left shoulder as he rode under it and 
knocked him nearly off, and in his struggle to recover 
himself his saddle turned and got under the belly of 
his horse. In that situation he rode for some distance 
at an evident disadvantage, and Wannamaker began 
to gain upon him. Parker's horse, however, broke 
the girth and the saddle fell, so that Parker was again, 
for a while, able to keep Wannamaker at a safe dis- 
tance. But it soon became apparent to Parker's great 
dismay, that his horse's wind was failing from being 
ridden without a saddle. In vain he whipped and 
spurred his jaded horse. Wannamaker was shorten- 
ing the distance between them at every leap. Parker 
beheld him nearly within pistol shot, and, frightened 
beyond measure, he took oft' his hat and beat his horse 
on the sides with it to accelerate his speed. It sue- 



480 THE HISTORY OF 

ceeded for a moment, but the fagged horse had done 
his utmost. Wannamaker was just behind, and called 
out to him with presented pistol: 'Parker, halt! or I 
will kill you.' Parker heeded not, but continued 
with renewed violence his blows with his hat. Wan- 
namaker approached nearer and called to him again, 
but still he rode on. Wannamaker called to him 
again, the third time, and offered him quarter, but the 
unhappy man knew that he had no right to expect 
that mercy which he had never given, and halted not. 
'Halt, Parker!' said Wannamaker. 'I have told you 
the last time.' Parker rode on. Wannamaker, fear- 
ing something might occur to incline the chances 
against him, approached the doomed man within half 
a horse's length, and fired. Parker rode erect for a 
moment, but his hold soon relaxed — he fell backwards 
on his horse, rolled heavily off, and expired. J." 

That "J." was mistaken in saying that history had 
not recorded the names of the patriotic men of 
Rumph's company is attested by the resurrection of 
the original roll, and its publication in the Alabama 
paper. It has several times been reprinted in South 
Carolina newspapers. Lieut. Wannamaker often said, 
after he had had time to reflect upon the matter, that 
he regretted having killed Parker, as he had often 
thought that perhaps Parker had been stunned by his 
contact with the tree, and could not hear him calling 
to him. But, on the other hand, it is quite likely that 
Parker preferred to die the death of a soldier than run 
the risk of being hung by Capt. Rumph; for tradition- 
ary accounts of Rumph say he was a perfect martinet, 
and seldom showed his enemies quarter. 

From the traditionary accounts handed down to Mr. 
McMichael we also learn that it was Capt. Rumph who 
drove "Bloody Bill" Cuningham to his deeds of vio- 
lence. The account says that Cuningham was a mem- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 481 

ber of Rumph's compan}' in the early days of the war,* 
and a ,a:ood soldier: hut that he had a brother, who 
was a Tory. One day this hrotherf was captured by 
Rumph's men, and Rumph, as w^as his custom, ordered 
him to be immediately hanged. William Cuninghara 
came up and begged that his brother be spared, and 
said to Capt, Rumph: '*If you will let him go I will 
guarantee that he will quit the Tories and join our 
company and make as good Whig as any man in the 
company", but Rumph was obdurate, and had the 
brother struug up. Cuningham quietly mounted his 
horse, and riding up to Capt. Rumph remarked: "From 
this day forth I am your deadly enemy. I have noth- 
ing against your men, but we must go different roads", 
and he rode off in a gallop. Capt. Rumph ordered his 
men to shoot liim, l)ut such was the esteem in which 
he had been held, and such was the sympathy for him, 
that not a man obeyed the order: and from that time 
on Cuningham was the enemy of the Whigs, and the 
especial enemy of Capt. Rumph. Lorenzo Sabine's 
work, "American Loyalists", also states that Cuning- 
ham was first a Whig and then a Tory,:|: but does not 
state why he changed. And a careful reading of J.'s 
article, above quoted, will disclose the existence of a 
vendetta-like hatred between Cuningham 's men and 
Rumph. 

Upon one occasion, when Rumph's men bad put 
Cuningham's troops to flight, Lieut. Golson singled out 
Capt. Cuningham and gave chase. They were both 
riding rapidly through the woods, when suddenly Cun- 

*He was a member of Capt. John Caldwell's company of regulars, 
but possibly lie was attached to Rumph's command on some scouting 
expedition or other like service. 

tAs we find no record of "Bloody Bill" having a l)rother, it is pos- 
sible that this was only a kinsman. 

jSee also O'Neall's Annals of Newberry District, page 254. 



482 THE HISTORY OF 

ingham spurred his horse over a little ditch, and 
wheeling it in an instant, presented his pistol at Gol- 
son, and said: "Stop, Clolson! I have nothing against 
you, and I don't want to kill yon, nor do I want to he 
killed hy you, l)ut if you cross that ditch to-day one of 
us must die; so you had better go your way and let me 
go mine." Oolson said afterwards that he had never 
seen eyes in a huiuan head that looked as Cuninghani's 
did on that occasion. He said it was a tigerish look — 
more of animal than of human being. He, however, 
did not farther interfere with Cuningham, but return- 
ed to his company, and no one would ever have known 
of this incident had not Golson related it himself. 

On another occasion Rnmph's company come upon 
Cuningham's men taking their noonday naps, in fence 
corners, and before Cuningham awoke RuiBph was up- 
on him, and placing his sword at Cuningham's throat 
would have thrust it through his neck in another in- 
stant, but awaking suddenly, Cuningham, with a stroke 
like lightning, thrust aside the sword, sprang over the 
fence, and, mounting his horse, was off like an ai'row, 
with a shower of bullets hissing all around him; but 
he was never touched. He seemed to bear a charmed 
life — he had declared a vendetta, and he lived to make 
his very name cause a chill of horror to those who 
read the story of his bloody deeds. 

Upon one occasion, while Kumph's partisans were 
scouting in the "Upper Bull Swamp" section of Orange- 
burg District, they came to a deserted settlement. 
Rumph sent his men to hide in the swamp, near- the 
opening in which the houses were situated, and he 
took Paul Stroman with him and went up to the 
front of the houses. When they got there they saw a 
tall man walking in the yard. Capt. Rumph proposed 
that they give him a shot, and he and Stroman tired 
at him, breaking one leg, but nothing daunted the 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 483 

man began to turn handsprings so rapidlj% using his 
arms and tlie good leg, that he would have escaped 
had he not run (or rather turned) into the ambuscade 
in the swamp, where he was shot down and killed. 
When Capt. Rumph came up Lieut. Wannamaker 
asked who the man was and what he was, but no one 
could tell, and Lieut. Wannamaker always held that 
the stranger should not have been killed, as he might 
have been a friend and not a foe. He described him 
as a n)agniHcent specimen of manhood, and said he 
looked like a gentleman and was well dressed. 

Another story told of Rumph is that upon one occa- 
sion he was complained to by some women who had 
been on a trading expedition toCharlestown — doubtless 
before its fall — ^that a party of marauders had stopped 
their wagons below Orangeburgh and robbed them of 
their purchases. Rumph immediately collected some 
of his partisans and went in pursuit of them, and suc- 
ceeded in capturing the whole party of them. He 
took them up to his "Imll pen", and, the robbed wo- 
men having identified them, he proceeded to hang 
them on the big oak. There was among the marau- 
ders a red-headed man named Billy Sturkie. When 
the rope was placed about his neck and he was about 
to be jerked up one of the women cried out, "Stop! 
that red-headed man did not take anything, but tried 
to keep the others from stealing". The other woman 
confirmed her statements, and Sturkie was turned 
loose, but his fright had been so great that he was 
only able to feebly exclaim, "You might as well a- 
hung me." 

It seems rather peculiar that all of the best known 
historians of this State have totally neglected to say 
anything of Rumph's command, notwithstanding the 
fact that at least one. Dr. Joseph Johnson, knew^ of 
the existence and work of this command. In his 



484 THE HISTORY OF 

"Traditions of the Revolution", pages 548-50, speaking 
of the fight between the Tories and the Whig compa- 
ny, under Capt. Michael Watson, near Dean Swamp, 
in Orangeburgh District, he says: "Some of Watson's 
company, who had also taken to flight on seeing their 
captain fall, took possession of a farm-house neai- by, 
occupied only by a mother and her child. There was 
little or nothing to eat on the premises, Jind they now 
feared pursuit more than ever, believing that the wo- 
man would report them to their enemies. One of 
them was chosen by lot, and sent off to Orangeburg for 
help. Colonel Rumph came out to them as soon as 
possible, but, before the arrival of his company, the 
poor woman and child, with their unwelcome guests, 
were ail nearly starved out," 

Dr. Johnson seems to presume that the reader well 
knows who "Col. Rumph" was, for it is the only men- 
tion made of him in the book. He also calls him by 
his post-bellum title, ''Colonel", yet speaks of "his 
company." Capt. Rumph did not attain the i-ank of 
colonel until after the war, when he was chosen colo- 
nel of a militia regiment. Some years later he attain- 
ed the rank of brigadier general of militia. 

Sonje interesting stories are told of some of the in- 
dividuals of Rumph's company. One of these is about 
John Amaka — and, l)y the way, there are two John 
Amakas mentioned on the roll of the company, above 
given — who was an actual illustration of late popular 
song, for "One of his legs was longer than it really 
ought to have been"; that is to say, he had one leg 
shorter than the othei'. When the Whigs had com- 
menced to make it unpleasant for the Tories and those 
of Tory sentiments, njany of them left the State and 
went to East Florida. One day John Amaka passed 
by the house (jf George McMichael (grandfather of Mr. 
C. M. McMichael) and inquiied of him the way to 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 485 

East Florida. Mr. MrMichael told him the way, but 
further remarked to him. '•John j'ou can't get there 
on those legs of yours, so if you are going to turn Tory 
you had better stay here and run your chances." 
Amaka, however, continued on his journey, but in a 
day or so he hobbled back, and it seems decided to 
cast his fortunes with Rumph's partisans. 

Paul Stroman, who lived where Mr. James H. 
Fowles's "Durham" place now is, has been accused of 
Toryism, but the traditions of his family and the ap- 
pearance of his name on Rumph's roll tend to dis- 
prove the accusation. The charge was probably 
based on the ground that upon one occasion he, it 
seems, refused to obey some order of Rumph's, and it 
so aroused that officer's ire that he rode down to Stro- 
man's place to arrest him. Stroman saw him coming 
and hid in his barn with his rifle by him. He after- 
w^ards declared that if Rumph had discovered him he 
(Stroman) would have shot him. 

Mr. W. W. Culler, of this County, tells a good story 
of Capt. Rumph's wit. He relates that one night 
Capt. Runiph called for his grandfather, Benjamin 
Culler, who was a member of Rumph's company, and, 
with several others, they went out to waylay and cap- 
ture some "outlyers". They secreted themselves in 
some pine brush by the road side, and after awhile a 
woman, the wife of one of the "outlyers", came along 
and began to call her husband. After calling several 
times she called out, "0, honey, 0, honey!" At that 
Capt. Rumph remarked to his companions; "If that 
fellow is any honey, the devil was the bee," 

Mr. Culler also says that his grandmother has often 
told him that "Bloody Bill" Cunningham had on sev- 
occasions come to her house and made her run down 
and kill and cook chickens for him to eat, and that 



486 THE HISTORY OF 

she had often known, or heard, of his presence in the 
community. 

It is related that upon one occasion Capt. Rnmph 
had two sick members of his company staying in liis 
house. One night he was suddenly aroused hy one of 
his slaves, who ran in and shouted; "Run Massa de 
Tory comin!" Capt. Rumph quickly awakened his 
sleeping friends and told theni to run for their lives, 
but one of them complained that he was too sick to 
run. "Then you are a dead man"' shouted Capt. Rumph, 
and ran out of the house. Just then the Tories en- 
tered from the opposite direction, and finding the sick 
man, dragged him out into the yard and cut his head 
off with an axe. 

Old James Knight, of the Limestone section, who 
died about forty years ago, had b^en a member of 
Cuningham's company during the Revolution, and he 
was often heard to tell how he escaped on one occa- 
sion when Rumph's men had put Cuningham's to 
flight. Be said he simply lay down on his horse, 
threw his arms around the animal's neck, slapped his 
spurs to him with all his might and dashed through a 
thicket. 

Another militia company of Oi'angeburgh District, 
which doubtless also belonged to Howe's regiment, 
and of which there are many traditions, was that of 
Capt. Henry Felder, who has been mentioned several 
times heretofore in these pages as holding various 
civic offices, and as a member of the State Legislature, 
during the Revolution. 

The traditions of the Felder family say that Captain 
Felder had his seven sons, Henry, Jacob, John, Fred- 
erick, Samuel, Abraham and Peter, in his company. 
It is said that John was killed dui'ing the war. He 
was captured with his step-mother's brothei", Snell, 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 487 

and while the British soldiers were at dinner on the 
l)anks of the Congaree river, they attempted to escape. 
Snell escaped to the wcods, but John jumped into the 
river and swam across while his hands were tied, the 
guard shooting at him all the while, but after he 
reached the opposite bank a bullet struck him in a 
vital place and killed him on the spot. And, strange 
to say, he was killed by his own gun in the hands of the 
guard. 

The late Col. Paul S. Felder often said that when he 
was a young man he met an old gentleman named Rice 
of Barnwell District, who told him that he (Rice) had 
been a uiember of Capt. Felder's company during the 
Revolution, and that he was present with the com- 
pany upon one occasion when they whipped a body of 
Tories at Hoi man's Bridge over the South Edisto river 
in Orangeburgh District. 

Capt. Felder had two dwelling houses burned by the 
Tories daring the war. and at the burning of the last 
one he lost his life. The following notice, in refer- 
ence to the burning of the first house, appeared in the 
Gazette of the State of South Carolina, October 7tli and 
14th, 1778: 

"WHEREAS the subscriber s house was plundered 
and burnt on the third inst. and all his papers either 
burnt or destroyed: To prevent fraudulent demands 
that may hereafter be made on him, he gives this pub- 
lic notice, that those persons who have any lawful de- 
mands on him, either in books of account, bond, note 
of hand or otherwise, are desired to make demand on 
or before the first day of January next ensuing, and 
receive payment: And all persons indebted to him 
are likewise entreated to make payment as far as may 
be consisent with their knowledge. 

"Sept. 23, Henry Felder." 



488 THE HISTORY OF 

Judge O'Neal 1, on p. 325 of hi.s Bench and Bar, has 
this to say of Capt. Henry Felder: 

"This gentleman was a very active partisan in tlie 
Revolution. He brought his love ot liberty from his 
native canton, and, like Tell, of his fatherland, he was 
willing to peril all, rather than siilmiit to tyranny. 
He guided (leneral Sumter in his approach to Orange- 
burg, and bore a part in the capture of that post. 

"At or about the close of the war, the Tories sur- 
I'ounded his house: the gallant Swiss, by the aid of his 
wife and servants, who loaded his guns while he tired, 
killed more than twenty of his foes. His house was 
at last fired, and he was thus forced to fly. In at- 
tempting to escape, he was shot, and killed." 

The traditionary account of the above affair, as re- 
ceived from the late Col. Paul S. Felder, who not only 
heard it from his fathei' and other members of his 
family, but from the lips of an old negro servant, who, 
as a young man, had been an eye witness of a part of 
the tragedy, is as follows: One day Capt. Felder re- 
ceived a message from Samuel Rowe, a good Whig- 
friend, that the Tories intended to attack his home 
the next day. With his sons, and his overseer, whose 
name was Fry, he defended his house, defeated the 
Tories and drove them off. As soon as they had left 
he sent his sons through a by-path to waylay and am- 
bush them, but before reaching the ambush the ene- 
my returned to the siege, and setting fire to a load of 
hay that was under a shed near the house they there- 
by set the house on fire. Capt. Felder put on some 
of his wife's (dothes and attenipted to escape, but was 
recognized by his boots as he jumped the yard fence 
and was filled with bullets. He continued his flight 
for several hundred yaids, however, and dropped from 
exhaustion and loss of blood just as he reaidied the 
woods. The same negro above mentioned was cutting 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 489 

wood nearby and went to his master's assistance. He 
was not yet dead, and help being procured, he was 
taken to a place of safety where he lived a day or two 
before he died. 

In the fight he is said to have killed about twenty 
of the Tories with the assistance of Fry, his wife and 
servants loading the guns, while he and Fry shot. 

There are two old cannons used as corner posts in 
Oi'angeburg, that are said to have been used by him 
on the occasion of the siege of Orangeburgh by Sumter. 
However that may l)e, one of the guns has cut on it. 
^•H. Felder 17S1" and the other has cut on it the 
mark PF. 

After the death of the father, his son, Henry Felder. 
commanded the company; and after the war this com- 
pany formed a part of the District militia.* 

It is also quite likely that another of these compa- 
nies was commanded by Capt. John Salley. On page 
12 of Tarleton Brown's Memoirs the Cowpens of *'Cap- 
tain Salley" are mentioned, and in a grant of land 
made to him shortly after the Revolution he is called 
"Captain John Salley." These are the only docu- 
mentary evidences we have of the fact that he bore 
any title at all during the Revolution. 

Tradition has preserved two anecdotes of Capt. Sal- 
ley's Revolutionary life that are worth recording. 
He lived near the river swamp about half a mile from 
the village of Orangeburgh,! and one tradition is that 
whenever he slept at home a faithful old negro stood 
sentinel under his window, and whenever he heard 
the tramp of horses he jumped up and rapped on the 
window to warn his master. When thus warned he 
would slip out, and if be found that Tories were 

*kSee Bench and Bar, Vol. II, page 341. 

tHis grave and tombstone fjin be seen there now, near where his 
dweUing stood. 



490 THE HISTORY OF 

abroad he would hie him to the rivei' swamp. This 
was probabl}^ when he had no troops with him. 

The other tradition is that he owned a very hne 
bhjoded horse which he very much feared the Tories 
would steal, so he carried him to his own house, the 
lower story of which was of brick, with a basement, 
or cellar. He took the horse into this basement and 
bricked him up in there, leaving st>me secret entrance 
through which food could be carried, and doubtless 
there were some sort of air holes, (Traditions never 
provide such things.) but, at any rate, the Tories found 
out the horse was there, and stole him out. This 
must have happened while the owner was absent, for, 
if he was as fond of horses as his numei'ous descend- 
ants are, (and he evidently was) he would have de- 
fended him with his life had he been present. 

Section 5. VarionH OpeiatioHs in South Caro/iiHf diniitf/ 
the War; and tlieir relation to Oiangehtmjh Dis- 
trict. 

From the commencement of hostilities up to Pre- 
vost's attempt on Charlestown, in May 1779, operations 
in South Carolina were confined to the coast and along 
the line of the Savannah river; with the exception 
of the two expeditions among the Toi"ies of the back- 
country in 1775, and the expedition against the Chero- 
kee Indians in 1776. Some account of these various 
operations has been given in the section on the 3rd 
regiment. 

While Clen. Lincoln lay with his army at Purisburg, 
in 1779, protecting our frontier from an invasion by 
the British from Georgia, Governor Rutledge con- 
ceived the idea of forming a grand militia camp at 
Orangeburgh, as is shown by the following extract 
from a letter written by Gen. Moultrie to Col. Charles 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 



491 




Pincl\ne3% dated at Pnrisburgh, March 2nd, 1779: "I 
observe in a letter from the governor to general Lin- 
coln, that he intends forming 
a camp at Orangebiirgh, of 
2,700 men, the I3th instant: 
and that he also intends aug- 
menting them to 5,000. from 
Thomas', Lisle's, Neal's, and 
Williams' I'egiments, f ro n the 
Ninety-six regiment.* wdth- 
out interfering with the meas- 
ures necessary for defending 

the back country; I think all ^.^v. john uuxLEDGE.t 
seems to be secure thereabouts." 

The wisdom of establishing this encampment was 
questioned by Col. Charles Pincdvney (who was Presi- 
dent of the Senate and a member of the Council of 
Safety) in a letter to Gen. Moultrie, dated March 19th, 
as follows: 'T have received your favor of the 15th, 
and am glad to hear of the enemy bending their force 
downwards to Savannah; even though they should 
take a trip to our borders; especially as you say, you 
are of opinion we should manage them better there 
than where they are, w^hich opinion 1 think just; this 
movement 1 think should alter the orders for our 
grand camp at Orangeburgh, and place it nearer the 
capital for fear of a coup-de-main, I think you mili- 
tary men call it: and perhaps may be so soon: but at 
present it is the ruling opinion that the other place is 
near enough to receive succors from, in due time, 
should they be wanted. 1 wish it may be so"; and 
again on March 22nd, Col. Pinckney wrote Gen. Moul- 
trie: "His excellency has been obliged to pospone his 



*Willijunson's brigade. 

tBy courtesy of Everett Waddev ('oiupnny, publishers ChapmaiiV 
School History of South Caroliua. 



492 



THE HISTORY OF 



setting off for his camp until to-morrow noon: I am 
told that there are not above one thousand men in 
that camp; but tliat their number, in a few days, will 
be increased to double; and in due time, if orders are 
complied with, the given number (5,000) fixed on, may 
be there: be they more or less, T wish the camp had 
been ordered near Charlestown; and I in vain urged 
it should be so, but could not prevail: If you join me 
in opinion, T wish you would write the governor on it; 
for surely the present encampment at Orangeburgh, is, 
considering our present circumstances of expecting an 
attack here, much too far to give that necessary assist- 
ance that might be wanted." 

On March 28th Col. Pinckney wrote Gen. Moultrie: 
"You wish the post you just now left, may be rein- 
forced with militia; this, in my opinion cannot be 
conveniently done, otherwise than by detachments 
from the grand camp at Orangeburgh, under the gov- 
ernoi-, with whom no doubt, you will exchange a let- 
ter on the subject: he and his suite are now, and have 
been for several days past there,* and it is said his 



*Wliile iji Orangebiirijch, Gov- 
eriior Rntledge made his head- 
quarters at the house of Donald 
Bruce, wlio was at that time a 
member of the State legislature 
fiom Orange Parish. In July, 
17.S1, when Lord Rawdon halt- 
ed for a few days in Orangel>urgh 
on liis return from tjje relief of 
Ninety-Six, he also made his 
headquarters in the Bruce house, 
hut it is reasonable to suppose 
that his Lordship did not find 
as warm welcome there as did 
the brilliant "Dictator", the 26th 
chapter of "The Forayers" to the contrary notwithstanding. Many 
years after tlie Revolution, after the death of the last of the Bruces, 
Mr. Daniel Larey bought the house, which stood at the southeast 




THE BRUCE HOUSE. 

FROM PHOTO BY T. H. HITCHCOCK. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 



493 




Camp is growing very strong, but I cannot inform you 
of particulars." 

From his headquarters at Orangeburgh, Governor 
Rutledge, on April 5th, wrote to Gen. Williamson: 
'"You will oi'der the prisoners of war, those who are 
accused of sedition, now in Ninet3^-six goal, to be safe- 
ly conducted under a sufficient guard to this place." 
The prisoners were ordered to Orangeburgh, '"as a place 
of greater security", says Gen. Moultrie in his Memoirs. 

Early in April Gen. Moultrie, at Gen. 
Lincoln's request, visited Orangeburgh 
to consult with Governor Rutledge. 
On his return to Black Swamp he i^^^^^rs.^ 
wrote as follows, to Col. Pinckney: "I 
have the pleasure to inform you, that 
I returned from Orangeburgh three 
days ago, after a ride of two hundred -^^r 

and twenty miles, a very fatiguing «kn. moultrie. 
jaunt, both to ourselves and horses, we were (Mr. Kin- 
lock and myself) gone six days; one day we staid with 
the Governor, and the others in traveling. We expect 
Col. Simons here to-morrow, with one thousand men 
of all ranks: this will be a reinforcement to us that 
will be very acceptable. The Governor has promised 
more as sijon as they can be collected. I was sorry to 
see so few" (three or four hundred) "left at Orange- 
burgh after this detachment mai'ched off; though Col. 
Neal lay about four miles off", with two hundred and 
eighty men of his regiment, and was to march in that 
morning." And on the same day Gen. Moultrie wrote 

corner of Windsor and Bull ( now Dibble) Streets, and moved it down 
on the "Five Notch" road about two miles below Orangeburg, where 
it now stands. It is now the property of Mrs. Lawrence S. Wolfe. In 
the 2Hth, 29th and 32nd chapters of "The B'orayers", Wm. Gilniore 
Simms has woven an interesting bit of romance about this historic 
old house. *By courtesy of Everett Wsiddy Company, publishers 
("hnpman's 8chool History of South Carolina. 



494 THE HISTORY OF 

as follows, to Governor Rutledge: "I have the honor to 
inform yon, that we arrived at our camp two days ago; 
nothing extraordinary have happened since we left it: 
they are much pleased to hear of the reinforcement 
(1,000) you have sent, and that they are on their 
march; we expect them here to-morrow. I hope ere 
long you will send us such another." 

On April 29th Lieutenant-Governor Bee wrote to 
Gen. Moultrie: "The Governor is again returned to 
Orangeburgh, from whence T hope he will he able to 
send to Gen. Lincoln", &i'.: and on May Lst, while Pre- 
vost was on his march towards Charlestown, Gen. 
Moultrie wrote, from Coosohatchie. to Gen. Lincoln: 
"I have sent dispatches to the Gov. at Orangeburgh, 
and to Charlestown." That sent to Charlestown was 
to request two or three hundred Continentals; that to 
Orangeburgh, dated May 1st, was as follows: 'T have 
here w-ith me about 1,200 men: I wish your excellency 
would reinforce me speedily; and with as many field- 
pieces as possible." On the same day Gen. Moultrie 
received a letter from Lieutenant-Governor Bee say- 
ing; "Yours of the 29th Api-il, directed to the gover- 
nor came to me this morning; 1 have sent it forward 
by express to Orangeburgh, fiom whence, if necessary, 
1 make no doubt you will be reinforced." 

On May 2nd Gen. Lincoln wrote, from Silver Bluff, 
to Gen. Moultrie: "I have wiitten to the Governor at 
Orangeburgh, and requested that he would leinforce 
you by the militia, intended for this army, and Major 
Gri m ball's artilleiy"; and on the same day Gen. Moul- 
trie wrote to Gen. Lincoln, from Coosohatchie: "I 
have sent express to the goveinor at Orangeburgh, 
and to Charlestown. to hasten up the militia to this 
place." On the same day Governor Rutledge sent 
Gen. Moultrie a dispatch from Orangeburgh saying 
that he had written to the Lieutenant-Governor to 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 495 

send Horry's horse to Gen. Moultrie, &c. Lieut. Gov. 
Bee also wrote to Gen. Moultrie on the same day, say- 
ing that he had no doubt hut that the governor would 
send reinforcements "as speedily as possible, from 
Orangeburgh"; and that the "reinforceuients must be 
from Orangeburgh". He further stated that lie had 
not heard from the governor since he (the governor) 
left town. 

From Tulifiny Gen. Moultrie wrote, at "6 o'clock P. 
M." on May 3rd, to Governor Kutledge at Orange- 
burgh: "[ this moment received yours; 1 was in hopes 
you wM)uld have acquainted me of a sti'oiig reinfoi-ce- 
ment marching to this place"; and again on the 4th 
he wrote to the Governor; "'l hope your excellency 
will hasten your light troops to reinforce me", and to 
Gen. Lincoln; '"I expect the governor will join me to- 
morrow from Orangeburgh with the Charlestown artil- 
lery; as to w'hat militia he hnd I cannot inform you." 
On the 5th he wrote again to Gen. Lincoln: "1 shall 
endeavor to make a stand at Ashepoo: as I will ex- 
pect the governor will join me there." 

On May 3rd Lieut, Gov. Bee wrote: ''Twenty-two of 
Horry's light horse, marched this afternoon for your 
camp and will hurry on the party, that went to 
Orangeburgh with the Governor, who are just re- 
turned." 

On Sunday evening Governor llutledge wrote, from 
Orangeburgh, to Gen. Moultrie: "In consequence of 
your advice, received this afternoon; I will march 
with Grimball's artillery, and all the force we have 
here (except about 50, who must remain; and 50 more, 
who go as an escort to the waggons with corn, &c. for 
Gen. Lincoln's camp) as soon as possible, to reinforce 
you. 1 hope to get off to-morrow, and no time shall 
be lost on the mandi. You will, without doubt, take 
every step in your power, to pro<'ure all the i-einforce- 



496 THE HISTORY OF 

ments yon caD, and throw ever}^ obstruction in the 
way to annoy the enemy, and prevent their progress 
and ravages." 

From "Edisto saw-mills, at Mr. Charles Elliot's, 12 
miles below Orangeburgh", Governor Rntledge wrote, 
on Wednesday morning, to Gen, Moultrie: "We began 
our march, with what force we could bring from 
Orangeburgh, yesterday morning, for your camp; and 
shall proceed as quickly as the weather and the roads 
will admit. T hope to bring up, and have very close 
after me, 500 men (exclusive of officers) horse, foot, 
and artillery. 1 received yours dated 3d of May at 6 
o'clock, about 11 last night; I hope you will be able to 
withstand the enemy, or stop their progress. I shall 
send Allston's,* and some other horse, as soon as they 
come U13 (which I expect to day,) a-head. to join you. 
T have sent another express for the Catawbas. 1 hope 
to see you soon." 

On Thursday the Governor wrote, from the same 
point: "Some hours ago, on the march hither, I re- 
ceived yours of last night; and soon after, a letter 
from Major Butler; in which he says, he heard the 
enemy were at Ashepoo: therefore, as I think we can- 
not possibly assist you at Jacksonburgh (it being 24 
miles from hence) I have ordered the troops hei'e, to 
cross the river, (they being now on this side) and pro- 
ceed, by forced marches, to Charlestown, over four- 
hole and Dorchester bridges, 1 think you had better 
move . . , when you do, move, down by Dorchester. 
You will continue to throw ol)struction in the enemy's 
way, and advise me of these, and your motions, by ex- 



*Oii page 432 of his ''Meiiioir.s", (vol. i) Creti. Moultrie says: "On 
my retreat from Blaek-swanii), Colonel 8eiif, feom the governor's 
camp, Orangehurgh, joined me at Ponpon I)ridge, with the racoon 
eompany, commanded by Captain .John Allston, of about fifty men 
on horseback." 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 497 

press to Charlestown; foi- which I atii just setting off; 
3'ou will give all uecessaiy orders for destroying 
bridges, &c." 

In his ''Memoirs", under date of May 8th, Gen, Moul- 
trie writes: "At this time there never was a country 
in greater confusion and consternation; and it may he 
easily accounted for, when 5 armies were marching 
through the southern parts of it, at the same time, and 
all for different purposes: myself retreating as fast as 
possible to get into town, at first with 1,200 men; but 
reduced to 600 before I got near the town; the British 
array of 3,000 men commanded by Gen. Provost in 
pursuit of me: and Gen. Lincoln with the American 
army of 4,000, marching with hasty strides to come up 
with the British: Gov. Rutledge from Orangeburgh, 
with about 600 militia; hastening to get to town lest 
he should be shut out; and Col. Harris, with a detach- 
ment of 250 continentals, pushing on with all possible 
dispatch to reinforce me; and my sending two or three 
expresses every day to the governor and to Gen. Lin- 
coln, to let them know where I was; and to Charles- 
town frequently, to hasten their works and to prepare 
for an attack; in short it was nothing but a general 
confusion and alarm. And the militia from the north 
part of the country, from every parish making what 
haste they could to reinforce Charlestown; that I may 
truly say the whole country was in motion." 

On the 9th and 10th the troops marched into Charles- 
town, and on the 10th General Moultrie issued orders 
making disposition of his troo[js on the lines. The 
country militia were ordered to occupy the left wing. 

On the morning of 1 1th a detachment of the enemy 
appeared near the lines. They were attacked by 
Count Pulaski with his legion and some militia, but 
they were too strong for him and he lost a considera- 
ble number of his men before getting back within the 



498 THE HISTORY OF 

lines, "(len. Provost's whole ainiy*', writes Gen. 
Moultrie, "soon appeared before the town gates, at the 
distance of about a mile, the advance of his army be- 
ing about Watson's house, in the afternoon; when I 
ordered the cannon at the gate to begin to fire, which 
stopped their progress: We continued at the lines, 
standing to our arms, all night, and serving out am- 
munition to the country militia; who only came in the 
day before, with the governor: we were in expecta- 
tion of their attacking us that night." 

On the next morning, in order to gain time for Lin- 
coln to come up, Governor Rutledge arranged a par- 
ley with the enemy through Gen. Moultrie. After 
gaining the whole day it was decided, principally by 
Gen. Moultrie, not to surrender the town but to "fight 
it out", and the truce was declared at an end; and 
Prevost, fearing that Lincoln would be upon his rear 
before he could take the city, withdrew that night, 
filed off to the left, and went to the sea islands. 

The following is the account Ramsay gives of this 
invasion of South Carolina by Prevost while Lincoln 
was up the Savannah river and Governor Rutledge en- 
camped in Orangeburgh:* 

"The series of disasters which had followed the 
American arms, since the landing of the British in 
Georgia, occasioned, among the inhabitants of South- 
'Carolina, many well-founded apprehensions for their 
future safety." * * * * * :k .q^-^ ^^^^^ time 

of general alarm John Rutledge, esquire, by the almost 
unanimous voice of his countrymen, was called to the 
chair of government. To him and his council was dele- 
gated, by the legislature, power 'to do every thing that 
appeared to him and them necessarry for the publick 
good.' In execution of this trust he assembled a body 

*Rev'<)lutioii in Soutli Carolina, Vol. IT, pages 18 to :24. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 499 

of militia. This corps, kept in constant readiness to 
march whithersoever public service might reciuire, 
was stationed near the centre of the state at Orange- 
burgh. From this militia camp colonel Simmons was 
detached with a thousand men to reinforce general 
Moultrie at Black-Swamp. The original plan of pen- 
etrating into Georgia was resumed. With this inten- 
tion general Lincoln marched with the main army up 
the Savannah river, that he might give confidence to 
the country.'' * * * "^ small force was left 
at Black-Swamp and Purysburgh for the purpose of 
defending Carolina". * * * "General Prevost 
availed himself of the critical time when the Ameri- 
can army was one hundred and fifty miles up the Sa- 
vannah river, and crossed over into Carolina". * 

* * * * ''Lieutenant-colonel Mackintosh, 
who commanded a few continentals at Purysburgh, 
not being able to oppose this force made a timely re- 
treat. It was part of general Prevost's plan to attack 
general Moultrie at Black-Swamp, to effect which he 
made a forced march the first night after he landed 
on the Carolina side, but he was about three hours too 
late. General Moultrie had changed his quarters, and 
being joined by colonel Mackintosh's party took post 
at Tulifinny bridge, in order to prevent the incursion 
of the British into the state, and to keep between 
them and its defenceless capital." * * * * 

"The position of general Moultrie at Tulifinny was 
by no means a safe one, for the British might easily 
have crossed above him, and got in his rear. A gen- 
eral retreat of the whole force towards Charleston was 
therefore thought advisable." ****** 
"Governor Rutledge, with the militia lately encamped 
at Orangeburgh, had set out to join general Moultrie 
at Tulifinny bridge; but, on the second day of their 
march, advice was received of General Moultrie's re- 



500 THE HISTORY OF 

treat, and that general Prevosst was pushing towards 
Charleston. This intelligence determined tlie gover- 
nor to march with all the force under his command to 
the defence of the capital." * * * * * * 
"General Moultrie's retreating army, governor Rut- 
ledge's militia from Orangehurgh, and colonel Harris's 
detached light corps, which marched neai-ly forty 
miles a day for tour days successively, all reached 
Charleston on the 9th and 10th of May. The arrival 
of such seasonable reinforcements gave hopes of a 
successful defence." 

The following extracts concerning these movements 
by Moultrie, Lincoln, Rntledge and Prevost are taken 
from Col. Henry Lee's ''Memoirs of the War in the 
Southern Department", (1812) pp. 82, 83: "Governor 
Rntledge, with the reserve militia, had established 
himself at Orangeburg, a central position, perfectly 
adapted to the convenient reception and distribution 
of this species of force, which is ever in a state of un- 
dulation. He was far on Prevost's left, and, like Lin- 
coln, was hors de combat". 

He goes on to describe Prevost's attack on Charles- 
town, and further says, pp. 83, 84: "The father of the 
State had removed from Orangeburg with the i-eserve, 
to throw himself into Charleston, if possible. What 
was before impossible, had become possible by the 
forty-eight hours' delay of Prevost. Rutledge joined 
Moultrie; and Charleston l)ecame safe". 

The next important movement was the attack on 
Prevost at Stono. Many of the "country militia", 
lately brought down from Oi'angeburgh by Governor 
Rutledge, were in that engagement. 

In September, 1779, when the French fleet, under 
Count D'Estaing, and the American army, under Gen. 
Lincoln, moved against the British, under Prevost, in 
Savannah, the militia of South Carolina were ordered 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 501 

to asseml)le near Savannah. It is said — and it is 
doubtless true — that some Orangeburgh militiamen 
fought there. 

The next important event of the Revolution was the 
siege of Charlestown by the British under Sir Henry 
Clinton and Admiral Arbuthnot, from February 11th 
to May 12th, 1780, when the city was formally surren- 
dered. 

"The capital having surrendered", says Ramsay, 
"the next object with the British was to secure the 
general submission of the inhabitants. To this end 
they posted garrisons in different parts of the coun- 
try." One of these posts was established at Orange- 
burgh. The brick court-house, which stood about 
where the old "Marchant House" lately stood, was 
fortified and a garrison placed in it. Another post 
was established at "Ninety-Six", and the old road now 
known as the "Ninety-Six" road was used by the 
British troops passing between the two points. An- 
other of these posts was established at Granby, in 
Saxe-Clotha Township, nearly opposite where Colum- 
bia now stands, where Friday's house* was fortified and 
garrisoned. At a later period of the war the houses 
of Mrs. Rebecca Mottef and Col. William Thomson 
(Bellville) were also seized and fortified as British 
posts. 

For about six weeks after the fall of Charlestown all 
military opposition to the progress of the British was 
practically suspended, but the British were not des- 
tinied to make an easy conquest of the State, for 
scarcely had the panic caused by tlie fall of Charles- 
town subsided before small bodies of militia arose in all 
parts of the State to harass the enemy, and, fortun- 
ately for the Southern States, Sir Henry Clinton 

*No\v known as the "Cayee House". 

tCalled "St. Joseph", afterwards known as Fort Motte. 



502 THE HISTORY OF 

learned that a French fleet was soon expected about 
New York. This induced the Commander-in-Chief to 
re-embark for New York early in June, with the 
greater part of his arm}^ He left Lord Cornwallis as 
commander-in-chief in the South with about four 
thousand men. 

As early as July 12, a part of Sumter s militia regi- 
ment defeated a body of British troops and tories un- 
der Colonel Ferguson and Captain H ticks, respectively, 
in the up-country. Ferguson and Hucks were both 
killed. Col. Sumter soon raised 600 men and in less 
than a month fought two more battles with the Brit- 
ish at Rocky Mount and Hanging Rock. Col. James 
Williams, of Ninety-Six District, next defeated a con- 
siderable party of British and Tories at Musgrove's 
Mill on Aug. ISth. Various other little engagements 
were fought, with more or less snccess to the South 
Carolinians, during July and August. 

Meantime an army of continentals and North Caro- 
lina and Virginia militia, under Major Generals De 
Kalb and Gates, successively, had been marching to the 
relief of South Carolina; reaching this State in August 
they were joined by various bodies of South Carolina 
troops, and on the 16th, was fought the Battle of Cam- 
den in which Gates's army suffered defeat and rout. 

The British were very much elated over the victory 
at Camden, and again flattered themselves that all op- 
position in South Carolina was effectually subdued, 
but the spirit of independence was not to be crushed 
out in South Carolina, and the partisan organizations 
once more began to operate as Henry, of the Wynd, 
did, "'on their own hook". Scores of skirmishes and 
and fights took place in all parts of the State — some 
in Orangeburgh District, ah-eady mentioned — and the 
South Carolina patriots had all but redeemed the 
State from the hands of the British when Gen. Greene 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 503 

arrived in the State from the North to complete the 
conquest. 

As an example of what this partisan warfare was, 
some accounts of the Revolutionary experiences of 
Tarleton Brown, of that part of Orangeburgh District 
which was afterwards formed into Barn w- ell District, 
taken from his "Memoirs", will serve. He relates that 
when troops were first called for in 1775, a draft was 
ordered in his section, and that he was among those 
drafted; and that they were marched to Pocataligo, 
then under command of General Stephen Bull*, where 
they were stationed about seven weeks. Nothing of 
importance happening his company was discharged 
and returned to their homes. Scarely had they got 
there, he writes, before there was another draft for 
the first siege of Savannah.f He escaped draft, but 
was employed by William Bryant to take his place. 
They embarked in an open boat on the Savannah 
River, Capt, Moore commanding the company, and 
passed down the river to Savannah, which they reach- 
ed in three days. He writes: "We passed some 
heavy and mortal shots at the enemy, which were re- 
turned with equal fierceness and more deadly effect". 
* * * * "We stayed at Savannah about 
seven weeks, and then returned to South Carolina, un- 
der the command of Gen. Bull." He then relates that 
having become attached to the army he enlisted in 
the regular service, in April 1776, at Fort Littleton, 
Beaufort District, commanded by Captain William 
Harden.:]: He next, in July 1777, left Capt. Harden 
and immediately joined Col. James Thompson's de- 
tach ment§ on Pipe Creek, from which point he went 

*He was only a colonel at that time. 

tFebruary, 1776. 

JState regulars — not Continentals. 

^.Coi. James Tliompsun is mentioned in Gen. DeSaussure's pam- 



504 THE HISTORY OF 

Oil an expedition to Georgia under Capt. John Mum- 
ford. In this expedition Muniford was wounded and 
John Booth killed. 

He next relates that during the tinal siege of Char- 
lestown, "Captain Mumford, in attempting to make his 
way to the American Army, was attacked at Morris' 
Ford, Saltketchie, hy old Ben John and his gang of 
Tories, In this encounter the poor fellow lost his lite, 
and a trner patriot and braver soldier never fell. He 
now sleeps at the foot of a large pine, on the left 
hand side of the main road to Barnwell C H., a 
few rods South of the bridge, just at the turn of the 
road from which you can see the bridge". * « * 

"In conjunction with Joshua Innjan and John Green, 
I raised a company of horse, which we called the 'Ran- 
gers,' with the view of scouting those sections of the 
country adjacent to the Savannah River, both in Geor- 
gia and Carolina, as occasion required." 

* % * * * » * * * * 

"A few^ months subsequent to this period, I withdrew 
frou) the 'Rangers' at Cracker's Neck, and connect- 
ed myself with a company of militia keeping guard at 
Burton's Ferry. We exchanged shots almost every 
day with the British and Tories, who were on the op- 
posite side (Georgia)." *****=;=* 

"On one occasion I was under the necessity of going- 
home on some important business. Soon after my ar- 
rival, a company of horse passed directly in front of our 
residence. My first impression concerning them was 
that they were a reinforcement of our guard at the ferry. 

phlet, and by the Journal of the Council of Safety, as having been 
commissioned as captain of the Round O company, of the Colleton 
County Regiment, Jan. 11, 177(5. As he seems by the above to have 
commanded a regiment in July, 1777, he must have raised it in the 
meantime in the section between theEdisto and the Savannah rivers. 
Major Bourguoin is mentiened as of Thompson's command. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 505 

So soon as I had finished my l)usiness, I retarned with 
all possible speed, overjoyed at the prospect of an ac- 
cession to our numbers. On reaching the fort, to my 
astonishment, I found it completely evacuated. My 
reinforcement turned out to be a gang of Tories from 
Jackson's Branch, on the Saltl\atchie, commanded b}^ 
that famous old Tor3% Ned Williams. When they 
rode up to the ferry, the guard took them to be 
friends, and gave them a cordial reception, congratu- 
lating themselves upon so large an addition to their 
force. Thus they unconsciously and ignorantly de- 
livered themselves up to the enemy, and were taken 
across the river and placed in the hands of a large 
body of British and Tories, stationed at Harbard's 
store, about two miles from the ferry. The intelli- 
gence of this capture reached Col. Leroy Hammond at 
Augusta, who, without delay, marched down at the 
head of an effective force, and slew nearly the whole 
of the enemy, releasing and retui-ning with the Whig 
captives to Augusta, from whence my father, who was 
one among the number taken, came safely home". 
Following this the writer gives some idea of the toils 
and perils of the Carolina Whigs in those dark days, 
and then he goes on to tell of an expedition into 
Georgia, and upon the return to South Carolina he 
says: "We learnt that Capt. James Roberts, who had 
been scouting with a company on the Edisto River, 
had (wdiilst encamping for the night, by some treach- 
ery of the Tories,) been delivered into the hands of 
Col. Chaney and W^illiams, who cruelly butchered 
many of his men, Capt. Roberts and the rest escaping 
only with their lives. For this outrage we deter- 
mined to have satisfaction. So thirty-six men, myself 
among the number, immediately volunteered under 
Capt. Joseph Vince, a Hne officer and a brave soldier, 
to pui'sue these scoundrels, and to avenge the blood of 



506 THE HISTORY OF 

our brave comrades. We overtook some of their 
number in what is called the 'Fork of Edisto River,' 
upon whom we visited summary and immediate jus- 
tice, killing five or six. From thence we proceeded to 
Captain Salley's 'Cowpens', a few miles distant. Whilst 
there our commander rode, unaccompanied, to a mill 
located near the house of the Pens. Here he was fired 
upon by several Tories lying in ambush hard by and 
seriously wounded by musket shot — in consequence of 
which he was disabled fronj doing duty for some 
time. This unfortunate circumstance interrupting 
our further march, we were compelled to retrace our 
steps and return to headquarters, Savannah River". 

The writer next describes how a band of one hun- 
dred and fifty Tories under Chaney and Williams 
murdered Adam Wood, one of his neighbors, and 
burned his house; and relates that after the outrage 
the Tories started towards Capt. Vince's station, on 
Savannah River, and that he (Brown) suggested to 
John Cave that they warn Capt. Vince of his danger, 
which they did. He states that as Yince's force num- 
bered only twenty-five it was thought best to abandon 
the fort, which was accordinglj^ done, and when the 
Tories arrived they found nothing. He then goes on: 
"Fi'om this point they turned towards their headquar- 
ters, on Edisto. In crossing Lower Three Runs, they 
stopped at the house of a Mr. Collins, a very quiet and 
inoffensive man, and far advanced in years, say about 
eighty-five. Whatever may have been the sentiments 
of this old gentleman, he njaintained a strictly neu- 
tral position, shouldering arms on neither side; yet 
those fiends of darkness dispatched him. with his head 
as white as snow by the frost of many winters, for an 
eternal world." He writes that he continued scouting 
in both Carolina and Georgia until the fall of Charles- 
town; that after the fall everything looked so dark and 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 507 

gloom}^ in South (yarolina that his brother, Bartlet, 
and himself determined to refugee to Virginia until 
the outlook in Carolina should become brighter; but 
that they had scarcely reached Virginia when they 
learned that the Tories had been committing many 
outrages in South Carolina, "particularly in our own dis- 
trict. The substance of which was that McGeart and 
his company of Tories crossed the Savannah River 
from Georgia, at Sum merlin's Ferry (now called 
Stone's Ferry), taking the course of the river, and 
killing every man he met who had not sworn allegi- 
ance to the King, This notorious scoundrel passed in 
this trip through the neighborhood where my father 
lived, and brutally murdered seventeen of the inhabi- 
tants, among whom were my father, Henry Best, and 
Moore, leaving John Cave for dead, who afterwards 
recovered. They burnt my father's house level with 
the ground, and destroyed everything he possessed — 
my mother and sisters escaping by fleeing to the 
woods, in which they concealed themselves until the 
vile wretches departed. But the work of death did 
not stop here. This atrocious deed of the sanguinary 
McGeart and his band was shortly succeeded by an- 
other equally, nay, doubly cruel. The British Col. 
Brown marched down from Augusta with an over- 
whelming force of Tories and Indians, and taking 
their stand at 'Wiggins' Hill', commenced a slaughter 
of the inhabitants. The news of which reached the 
ears of those brave and dauntless officers. Cols. McCoy 
and Harden, who soon hastened to the defence of the 
terrified Whigs, and coming upon the enemy, charged 
upon them and killed and routed them to a man, Coli 
Brown escaping to the woods. Cols. McCoy and Har- 
den, having accomplished all that was required of 
them, retired from the held of action, after which 
Brown i-eturned with the residue of his force and re- 



508 THE HISTORY OF 

took the 'Hill,' at which he remained until he hung 
five of our brave fellows — Britton Williams,* Charles 
Blunt, and Abraham Smith, the names of the other 
two not recollected — then he decamped for Augusta." 

The old veteran then relates that when Bartlet and 
himself heard of these outrages they at once returned 
to South Carolina to avenge the killing of their kin- 
dred; that at "Kingstree" they found Gen. Marion and 
joined his brigade. Account is given of several of 
Marion's engagements, and then the writer once more 
returns to his own district. He says: 

"On the first day of April, 1781, I left Gen. Marion 
on the Big Pee Dee River, in company with eighty 
others, forming a detachment under command of 
Cols. Harden and Baker, and Major John Cooper. The 
two last named oflicers were from Midway settlement, 
Georgia. There were also several other brave and 
energetic men who rendered themselves conspicuous 
in the war in our detachment, Fountain Stewart, 
Robert Salley, the Sharps and Goldings, fron) Georgia. 
Our route lay by the 'Four Holes'. Crossing the Edis- 
to at Givham's Ferry, we fell in with a man who as- 
sisted Brown in hanging the five brave fellows at 
'Wiggins' Hiir. We gave him his due, and left his 
body at the disposal of the birds and wild beasts. Pur- 
suing our march, we came to 'Red Hill,' within about 
two miles of Patterson's Bridge, Saltkatchie. It was 
now^ in the night, but the moon being in full strength, 
and not a cloud to darken her rays, it was almost as 
bright as day. Near this place were stationed a body 
of Tories, commanded by Capt. Barton. They were 
desperate fellows, killing, plundering, and robbing the 
inhabitants without mercy or feeling. A company of 
men, commanded by Major Cooper, were now sent to 

*Britt<)ii Williams had been a riK'iulH'r of tiic State lejrislatiin-. 
1 See page 276. ) 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 509 

see what they could do with those murderers. In a 
few minutes after their departure we heard them 
fighting, which continued nearly one hour, when 
Cooper returned and told us he had killed the greater 
part of them, with but the loss of one man, John Stew- 
ard, from Georgia."* 

The writer then gives an account of the capture of 
Pocataligo by Col. Harden. The next day Col. Mc- 
Coy's detachment came up and the Brown brothers 
joined him and turned their faces once more toward 
home. On their way home they chased Ned Williams 
and his gang of Tories into Saltkahatchie swamp. 
Continuing he says: "Next morning we went up to the 
'Big house,' now^ belonging to Col. Hay, and there 
found those of my father's family that the Tories and 
Indians bad left, whom we had not seen before for 
twelve months." 

After recounting various other expeditions iti which 
he and many of his neighbors took part he goes on to 
say: ''Although the war had closed, the Tories were 
still troublesome, plundering and occasionally killing 
the inhabitants." 

We now return to the regular army. After his do- 

*Extraet from a letter from Col. Harden to Gen. Marion: 

"Camp on Saltketcher, April 18th, 1781. 
'■'•Dear General: 

"This will be handed to you by Mr. Cannon, who will acquaint 
you of many particulars, which I can't mention at this present. — On 
Saturday, on the Four Holes, I came to a musterfield, where I took a 
Captain and 2-5 men, and paroled them, and on Sunday night got 
within six miles of Captain Barton, and six men to guard him. I de- 
tached Major Cooper and fifteen men who surrounded his house and 
ordered him to surrender, but he refused; a smart fire commenced 
and Major Cooper soon got the better, wounding Barton, who is since 
dead, and one other, killed three and took two prisoners. The Major 
got slightly wounded and one of his men, and lost a fine youth, 
Stewart, who rushed up and was shot dead." 



510 THE HISTORY OF 

feat aiKl rout at Camden, in August 1780, Gen. Gates 
took a stand at Hillsborough. N. C, where he collect- 
ed up his scattered army, but moved down to Char- 
lotte at the end of 1780. On December 2nd, 1780. 
Gates was superseded by Major-General Nathanael 
Greene. Greene at once commenced operations. On 
January 17th, following, a part of Greene's force, un- 
der Gen. Daniel Morgan, won a signal victory over the 
British under Col. Tarleton, at Cowpens, and the Am- 
ericans began at once to recover much of their lost 
ground. Battle after battle was fought, with more or 
less success to the Americans, and within one year 
nearly every fortified position outside of Charlestown 
had been either captured or so harassed as to cause 
an evacuation of it. 

On February 19th, 1781, General Sumter crossed the 
Congaree in force and appeared before Fort Granby* 

* "Camp at Friday's Ferry, Feb. 20tli, 1781. 
''Dear Sir: 

"Hurry of l)usine.«s ot)l]'«i:e.s me to he laeoniek. I arrived at this 
place yesterdaj' morning about lour o'clock. Shortly after, attacked 
the fort, with which I have been ever since engaged. Everything 
hitherto favorable, and have no doubt but I shall sucfved, if not in- 
terrupted by Lord Rawdon, who, T know, will strip his post as bare 
of men as possible to spare, to obviate which, as far as may be in your 
power, it is my Avish that you would be pleased to move in such a di- 
rection as to attract his attention, and thereby prevent his designs. 
Timely assistance in this way portends much good to this State. I 
have also to request that every- inhabitant of this State, westward of 
Santee be permitted to join their respective Regiments, or rather im- 
mediately repair to my station. I desired Col. Marshall, with what 
men Ave could collect to march down, eastAvard of Camden, and Avill 
probably fall in with you in good time. I Avish and l)eg that you Jiuiy 
suppress every species of plundering, as the greatest cA'ils to the pub- 
lick, as Avell as individuals, are experienced thereby. You cannot be 
too particular. The enemy oblige the negroes they have to make fre- 
quent sallies. This circumstance alone is sutticient to rouse and fix 
the resentment and detestation of CAeiy American Avho possesses com- 
mon feelings. I shall be happy to receive an account of the state of 
things to the East and NortliAvard. If you can, Avith propriety, ad- 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 511 

in Orangeburgh District, and destroyed all the British 
stores. Lord Rawdon, then commanding the British 
forces in Sonth Carolina, immediately marched from 
Camden to the relief of Fort Granby, npon which Gen. 
Sumter retired. Of this attack Simms says, p. 209: 
"Such was the vigor with which he pressed the fort, 
that his marksmen, mounted upon a temporary struc- 
ture of rails, had reduced the garrison to the last 
straits, when they were relieved by the unexpected 
approach of succor under lord Rawdon, who appeared 
on the opposite bank of the river. Unable to contend 
with the superior force of the British, Sumter made a 
sudden retreat." Gen. Moultrie says, Memoirs, p. 273, 
that Gen. Sumter the next day "appeared before an- 
other British post near Col. Thompson's", which was 
probably "Bellville" itself. 

On April 25th, the Battle of 
Hobkirk's Hill took place near 
Camden, between the forces of 
General Greene and Lord Raw- 
don. 

On May 8th General Marion 
and Col. Henry Lee, of Virgin- 
ia, (father of General Robert E. 
Lee) crossed the Santee, and 
moved up to Fort Motte, and 
began their approaches,! which (,] x. i- k \n( is maiuon 

vauce Southwardly so as to co-operate, or correspond with me, it 
might have the best of conseciuences. 

"I am, dear sir, witli tlie greatest regards, 

"Your most obd't humble serv't, 

"Thos. Sumter. 

"P. S.— I am extremely short of ammunition: if you are well-sup- 
plied, should be much obliged to you to send some into the neighbor- 
hood of Buckingham's ferry."— Letter to Gen. Marion. 

*By courtesy of Everett Waddey Company, publishers Chaimian's 
School History of South Carolina. 

t "Head Quarters, Colonel's Creek, May 10th, 1781. 

"General Greene has this moment received information that the 




512 THE HISTORY OF 

were carried on very rapidly until the 12th, wheFi the 
post surrendered.* Of the siege of Fort Motte, Gen. 
Moultrie says. Memoirs, p. 280: "They infornied Mrs. 
Motte, that they were afraid that they should be 
obliged to set fire to her house, which stood in the 
centre of the fort: she begged them that they would 
not consider her house as of any consequence in the 
general cause; and with great patriotism and firm- 
ness, presented them with an African bow, and quiv- 

enemy have eA'acnated Camden. They moved out this moriiinj? ear- 
ly, after destroying the mill, the goal, and their .stores, together with 
many private houses; Avhat may have induced this unexpected and 
precipitate movement is uncertain, hut the General is of opinion that 
the same motives which have induced Lord Eawdon to take this step 
will also induce the evacuation of all the outposts, which the enemy 
have at Ninety-.Six, Augusta and on the Conga ree. He begs 3'ou to 
take such measures as may prevent Ihe garrison at Mott'sfroni escap- 
ing. The army was to have moved to-morroAv morning towards Fri- 
day's Ferry. I will move that way still, though by a different route 
and perhaps more slowly. It is uncertain which way Lord Rawdon 
took his route; it was either to George Town or Charles Town and 
most prohaMy the latter. The Cleneral is lirmly of opinion tlie enemy 
will, if they can, evacuate all their out-posts. You will therefore take 
such measures as you think best calculated to prevent their design. 
"I am, sir, with high respect, 

"Your most obd't, most humble serv'f., 

"Nath. Pendleton, Aid-de-Canij)." — to 
General Marion. 

* "The 12th, Motte's fort sub.mitted to Gen'l Marion; the garrison 
consisted of upward of one hundred and forty men; one hundred and 
twenty were British or Hessians, with seven or eight officers. Tiie 
place had been invested the Sth; nor did it surrender till our troops 
had made their approaches regularly up to the abbatis; the redoubt 
was very strong, and commanded l)y Lieutenant M'Pherson, a very 
brave young officer. Great |>raise is due fo General Marion, and the 
handful of militia that remained with him till the reduction of the 
fort. Lieut. Col. Lee's Legion, and the detachments under Major Ea- 
ton, the artillery under Caj)t. Finlay, and tiie corps of Infantry under 
Captains Oldham and .^mith, were indefatigable in canying on the 
siege. There were found, in the fort, one carronade, one hundred and 
forty muskets, a (piantity of salt provisions, and other stores." — Ex- 
tract from letter from Gen. Greene to Samuel Huntingdon, Es(i., da- 
ted at "Camp at McCord's Ferry", May 14, 1781. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 513 

er of arrows, and requested they would burn the 
house as quick as they could. With the arrows, and 
vskewers with combustibles tied to them fired from 
muskets, they soon put the house in a blaze; and the 
garrison commanded by Lieutenant MTherson* im- 
mediately surrendered at discretion. Mrs. Motte who 
had retired to a house at a little distance from her 
own, was extremely rejoiced at seeing the garrison 
surrender, although at the expense of her own elegant 
house." 

"Two days after this surrender", says Gen. Moultrie, 
"the British quitted their post at Nelson's-ferry,f on 
the south side of Santee-river, about sixty miles from 
Charleston, blew up their works and destroyed a great 
part of their stores. A few days after. Fort Granby, 
in Granb}', on Congaree-river, (which had been much 
harrassed by Colonel Taylor's regiment of militia) sur- 
rendered to Lieutenant Colonel Lee. J The garrison 

"I beg leave to return you iiiaiiv thanks for your politeness in 
transmitting to nie the letters wiiieh fell into your possession at Motte's 
house. Lieut. M'Piierson having mentioned to me that you proposed 
an exchange of the garrison taken at that post, I have only to ])romise, 
that an equal number of continental ofticers and soldiers shall be im- 
mediately set at liberty for all such as General Greene may think 
proper to send to Charleston." — Extract from letter from Lord Rawdon 
to Gen. Greene, May 14, 178L 

fNelsoii's Ferry is the point on the 8antee river where the dividing 
line between Cliarlestown and Orangeburgh districts commenced. 

JHead Ciuarters, Congaree, May 18th, 1781. 
"Sir: 

"I am directed by Gen'l Greene to inform you of the surrender of 
Fort (jrranby ; five pieces of iron Ordnance, nineteen officers and three 
hundred and twenty nine privates fell into our hands. The army 
will march this morning on the route to Ninety-Six. The General 
has directed General Sumter to continue at this post to command and 
organize the militia. You will be pleased to continue to harrass the 
enemv and to receive General Sunjter's orders. You will also arrange 



514 



THE HISTORY OF 



commanded by Major Maxwell, consisted of about 
three hundred and fifty men, most of then) militia: in 
all these different forts, the Americans took a large 
quantity of stores. Lord Ruwdon l)ping on the south 
side of Santee-river, marched down immediately to 
the relief of Fort Granby, but after marching fourteen 
miles, he met officers of that garrison on their way to 
town as prisoners of war, and paroled to Charleston; 
upon which, he returned." 

Oil May II th the post at 
Orangeburgh, consisting of 
seventy militia and twelve 
regulars surrendered to Gen- 
eral Sumter.* There is a tra- 
dition that Sumter came into 
town by the "Bellville" road, 
and that as he reached a spot 
on Russell Street about in 
front of where the Presbyte- 
rian Church is now he stopped 
and planted his cannon under a large oak tree which 
stood there then, and which stood there for upward of 

your Brigade with expedition, and be in readiness to eo-operate with 
this army, sliould an opportunity offer. 

"I am, with great respect, 

"Your most ol)d't. luinibie servant, 

"J. Burnet, Aid-de-Canip." — to Gen. 
Marion. 

*"On the 11th the post of Orangeburgh, defended by eighty men, un- 
der tlie command of a colonel and other otlicers, surrendered to Gen. 
Sumter, who, by his skill in the disposition of his Artillery and 
Troops, so intimidated the garrison, that the place soon submitted. 
We thus got possession of a very strong post, without loss either of 
men or time; a great quantity of provisions and other stores were 
found in it." — Extract from letter from Gen. Greene to Samuel Hunt- 
ingdon, Esq. 




GEN. THOMAS SUMTER. f 



fBy courtesy of Everett Waddey Company, pul)lishers Chapman's 
School History of South Carolina. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 515 

one Imndrecl years after.* After firing a few shots 
from this position Gen. Sumter moved on down to a 
point on Broughton Street, about in front of the resi- 
dence of the late Harpin Riggs. There he placed his 
artillery under another large oak, which stood there, 
and was still there up to about 1S90. Froui this posi- 



*When the same tree was cut down, the following story concerning 
it appeared in an Orangeburg paper: 

"A Landmark Removkd.— The old oak that has stood in Russell 
Street, and shaded that thoroughfare during its whole career, that has 
been one of Orangeburg's primaeval landmarks since it has been a 
'burg, has at last been felled. The grand old tree has been dead for 
several years, but has stood in the sunshine and the storm, grand even 
in its decay. Standing right in the road where General Sumter 
marched to attack tiie British garrison then occupying the jail, his 
ancient artillery rumbling over its roots, the old oak where it voiced, 
could tell of historic love. Separated from its hoary comrades of the 
forest, it has stood in the heart of our growing town, looking and 
smiling upon its iniprovements. At last in a green old glory, it has 
'departed in peace.' 

"The town- councd has had it hewn down, and its massy trunk, 
riven by explosion, has been removed. In the summer afternoon; as 
the reports of the blasting reverl)erated on the air, they seemed a fun- 
eral salute over its remains. 

"So alas; must dear and grand old prejudices, smiling as if in re- 
luctant recognition of progressive change and advancement, pass away 
with things and systems of the past. 

"We publish below a beautiful poem, l)y Scribbler an occasional, 
and esteemed contributor: 

"THE OLD OAK. 

"When vengefully, the storms swept by. 
With maddening roar and livid sky. 
Was lit with flashings, (piick and dread. 
Thou'st held aloft, thy sturdy head 
Like Hector, when his noble dead. 

Around him countless lay. 
Defiant though the feo drove fast, 
Umnoved amid tlie wildest blast 
Thy stalwart limbs, stripped bare, and left 
Of every kindred soul bereft, 
And front with myriad gashings cleft, 

Yet braving up alway. 



516 THE HISTORY OF 

tioii Gen. Sumter soon broiigbt the ganison to terms.* 
Gen. Sumter is said to have been assisted lr>y Capt. 
Henry Felder with his company of niilitia, and the 
two old cannons now standing in Oi'angebnrgh — one 
on the northeast corner of Russell and Church Streets 
and the other on the southwest coiner of Russell and 
Market Streets — are said to have been used by him io 
the siege. 

Of the events just narrated Simnis says, p. 226 et 
seq: "The fall of Camdeiif led to the rapid overthrow 
of the enemy's chain of posts below, and completed 
the recovery of the state lo within thirty miles of the 
sea. Greene, concluding after the evacuation of this 
place by Rawdon, that it would be the enemy's object 
to withdraw his posts on the Congaree, and concen- 

"How often have the birdlingj?- uuide. 
Their home within thy plenteous shade, 
A safe retreat, till icy breath, 
Of winter wrapped in early death, 
Thy pride, and scattered far bedeatii 

Ty tendrils clinging fast. 
Changes thou'st seen, of hope and dread 
Thou'st borne, and wept thy nuniereus dead 
Thou'st won the fight, 'gainst many a storm, 
Yet time hath gnarled thy giant form 
And age hath fed the wasting worm. 

And death exults at last." 

* Captain Thomas Young, a Revolutionary soldier, Avho was still 
living in 1848, wrote an account of some of his experiences, and, 
among other things, says: "T joined a detachment of whigs, under 
Colonel Brandon, and scouted through the country until we reached 
the siege of Fort Motte. There I remained several days, when we 
joined a detachment, under Colonel Hampton, to take Orangeburg. 
The State troops out-marched us, for we had a piece of artillery to 
manage; we arrived the morning after them. As soon as the field- 
piece was brought to bear upon the house, a breach was made through 
the gable end — then another lower down — then about the centre, and 
they surrendered." 

t Lord Rawdon evaeuafedl'tundvn, on May lOlli, and gradually re- 
tired into Charlestown. 



ORANGEBUKG COUNTY. 517 

trate them helov\' the Saiitee. dispatched expresses to 
Marion and Sumter, to prepare themselves for such 
an event. He, himself, ordering the army to pi'oceed 
by the Camden road for the Congaree, took an escort 
of cavalry and moved down in person to Fort Motte. 
At McCord's ferry he received the tidings of the capi- 
tulation of this place. Fort Motte lies above the fork, 
on the south side of the Congaree. The works of the 
British were built around the mansion house of the 
lady whose name it bore, and from which, in their 
savage recklessness of shame, the British officers had 
expelled her.* It was a noble mansion, of considera- 
ble value; but not of so much value as to abridge the 
patriotism of the high spirited owner. Defended by a 
strong garrison, under a resolute commander, the 
fortress promised to baffle for a long time the progress 
of the besiegers. Under these circumstances, Mrs. 
Motte, who had been driven for shelter to a neighbor- 
ing hovel, produced an Indian bow, which, with a 
quiver of arrows, she presented to the American com- 
mander. 'Take these,' she said, while presenting them, 
'and expel the enemy. These will enable you to fire 
the house'. Her earnest entreaty that this course 
might be adopted, prevailed with the reluctant Marion. 
Combustibles were fastened to the arrows, which w^ere 
shot into the roof of the dwelling; and the patriotic 
woman rejoiced in the destruction of her property, 

wdien it secured the conquest to her countrymen." 

********** 

"Driven out from their place of shelter, the garrison 



*Rev. C. ('. Pinckiiev, her great grandson, says, "Life of Thomas 
Pinckney", p. 81: "While comparative peace reigned, Mrs. Motte 
was invited to occupy a part of the house; but when hostilities were 
resumed on the arrival of Greene, and Marion and Sumter and other 
patriotic leaders were assailing the British and their allies, Mrs. 
JNIotte was removed to her overseer's residence." 



518 THE HISTORY OF 

at Fort Motte was fon-ed to surrender/^ and the force 
under Marion was ready tor operation in other quar- 
ters. A portion of it, under colonel Lee, was immedi- 
ately despatched by Greene, as the vmu of the army, 
for the reduction of Fort Gran by. The fall of Fort 
Motte increased the panic of the British, and two days 
after that event they evacuated their post at Nelson's 
ferry, blew up the fortifications, and destroyed their 
stores. Fort Granby, after a l)i'ief conflict, was sur- 
rendered with all its garrison, consisting of nearly 
four hundred men. The terms aflbrded by colonel 
Lee, were greatly complained of by the Carolinians. 
These terms gave to the enemy the privilege of carry- 
ing off their baggage, in whi(di there was included an 
immense quantity of plunder. The approach of lord 
Rawdon, with all his army, is said to have hastened 
the operations of Lee, and to have led to the liberal 
concessions which he made to the garrison; but he 
has incurred the reproach of hastening the caj)itula- 
tion in order to anticipate the arrival of Sumter and 
the grand army. The siege had been begun some 
time before, by Sumter, who had left colonel Taylor 
with a strong party to maintain his position, while he 
made a sudden descent upon the enemy's post at 
Orangeburgh, in which he was thoroughly successful. 
Sumter, himself, conceived that he had suffered injury 
by the capitulation, in which nothing was gained but 
the earlier possession of a post which could not have 
been held many days longer, and must have fallen, 
without conditions, and with all its spoils, into the 
hands of the Americans. It was with bitter feelings 
that the whig militia beheld the covered wagons of 
the enemy, drawn by their own horses, which they 



* Another account, with illustrations, will t)c fouixl in Lossing's 
"P'ield Book of the Revolution" vol. 2, p. 477. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 519 

knew to be filled with the plunder of their farms and 
houses, driven away before their eyes." 

The following is Lord Rawdon's account of these 
operations, extracted from his report to Lord Corn- 
wallis: 

"My first news, upon landing- at Nelson's, was, that 
the post at Motte's house had fallen. It was a simple 
redoubt, and had been attacked formally by sap. 
Lieut. M'Pherson had maintained it gallantly till the 
house in the centre of it was set in flames by fire ar- 
rows, which obliged his men to throw themselves into 
the ditch, and surrender at discretion. 

"But as Major M'Arthur joined me with near three 
hundred foot and eighty dragoons, I conceived I might, 
without hazarding too far, endeavor to check the ene- 
my's operations on the Congaree. On the 14th, at 
night, I marched from Nelson's, and on the evening of 
the 15th I reached the point where the roads from 
Congarees and M'Cord's ferry unite. Various infor- 
mation was brought to me thither that Greene had 
passed the Congaree, at M'Cord's ferry, and had pushed 
down the Orangeburgh road. The accounts though 
none of them positive or singly satisfactory, corres- 
ponded so much, that I was led to believe them, and 
the matter was of such moment, that it would not ad- 
mit of my pausing for more certain information; there- 
fore, after giving the troops a little rest, I moved back 
to Eutaws the same night, but hearing nothing there, 
I pursued ray march hither."* 

"The British", says Gen. Moultrie, "had now lost all 
their posts in the three Southern States, except that 
at Ninety-six, one at Fort Golphan, and one at Au- 
gusta, in Georgia."! 

*Chaiiestown. 
fFort Cornwall is. 



520 THE HISTORY OF 

The day after the taking of (iraDby, (len. (jreene dis- 
patched Col. Lee with his legion to take Fort dol- 
phin,* and to assist Gen. Pickens and Col. Clark in the 
taking of Fort Cornwallis; while he proceeded with 
his niain force to Ninety-Six, before which he arrived 
on the 21st of May, 1781, and immediately began his 
approaches. The siege was continued until June 18th, 
when the approach of Lord Rawdon froiu Charles- 
town,! with reinforcements, compelled him to retreat 
across the Saluda and Broad rivers to a point above 
Winnsboro. The subsequent movements of the two 
armies are best described in the following letter, writ- 
ten by Adjutant-General Otho H. Williams to Maj: 
Pendleton, Aid-de-Camp to (len. (ireeue: 

"Camp Hills, Santee, July 16, 1781. 
"Dear Pendleton: 

"After you left us at Ninety-Six we were obliged to 
retrograde as far as the cross road« above Winus- 
borough. Lord Rawdon's return over Saluda induced 
the General to halt the army, and wait for intelli- 

*Whifh wii!^ (lone by Captain Rudolph, one of Lee's officers. 

t "Congaree, June Kjth, 1781. 
"Sir: 

"The enemy are yet advancing, are some distance above Orange- 
burgh, their force consideral)le; Ninety-8ix not yet taken; every- 
thing with respect to the siege going on well; tinje is all that is need- 
ed. I wrote to Gen'l Greene for amnuinition for you, which, if he 
furnishes, I will have forwanled to meet you. In one day more the 
enemy's designs imist be known, whether their object is Ninety-Six, 
or my party, to which they have already given much trouble in 
marching and counter marching. As their movements have been 
very singular and with uncommon caution, they are strong in horse. 
An express this moment from Gen'l. Greene; the post not reduced, 
but m a fair way. T am, sir, 

"Your most obd't. bumble servant, 

"Thos. Sumter." — to 
(U'U. Marion. 




ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 521 

gence respecting his further manoeuvres, and hearing 
a few days after that his lordship was on his march to 
fort Gra^b3^ our army was ordered to march towards 
that place by way of Winnsborough. Before we could 
arrive at Congaree, Lord Rawdon retired to Orange- 
bargh; and as he had left a considerable part of his 
army at Ninety-Six, (len. Greene detached the caval- 
ry and light infantry to join Gen. Marion, and endeav- 
or to intercept Col. Stewart, who was on his march 
from Charleston with the Third 
Regiment, &c., consisting of about 
three hundred, conveying bread, 
stores, &c., of which Lord Raw- 
don's troops were in great want. 
Stewart however joined his lord- 
ship at Orangeburgh; and Gen. 
iGreene, from the information he 
LORD RAWDON. \y^^\ i-ecclved, was encouraged to 
expect success from an attack upon the British army 
at that post. Accordingly he collected his troops, and 
called together the militia and state troops under 
Gen's. Sumter and Marion (Gen. Pick- 
ens being left to watch the motions of 
Col. Cruger). A junction of the whole 
formed a very respectable little army, 
which marched to a small branch of 
North Edisto,* within four miles ol 
Orangeburgh, where we halted, and 
lay the 12th instant from about nine 
o'clock in the morning till six in the 
afternoon. 

"Gen. Greene reconnoitred the position of the ene- 
my, and found it materially different from what it had 
been represented. The ground is broken, and natur- 

*Turkey Hill Branch on vv hat is now called the old Columbia road, 
in all probability. fBy courtesy of Everett Waddey Company, pub- 
lishers Chapman's School History of South Carolina. 



"^^v 




GEN. GREENE.f 



522 THE HISTORY OF 

ally strong, from the Court-bouse (which is two stories 
high and built of brick*), to a bridge four or five hun- 
dred yards distant, the only pass over the Edisto with- 
in many miles. The general had every reason to be- 
lieve what he had soon afterwards confirmed, that 
Col. Cruger had evacuated Ninety-Six, and was on his 
march to join Lord Rawdon, which might possibly be 
done before we could force his lordship (if he could be 
forced at all) to a general action, — the issue of which 
was not certain. These considerations induced the 
General rather to offer than give battle. The enemy 
declined the opportunity, and put up with the insult. 
Gen. Greene, therefore, ordered our troops to retire in 
the afternoon to Col. Middleton's plantation, from 
whence we have proceeded by slow easy marches to 
this place, and not without leaving behind sufficient 
detachments to intercept their convoys from below, 
and to create such a diversion at Monk's Corner, Dor- 
chester, &c., as wall very probably oblige his lordship 
to march to their relief." 

Rawdon's operations were now confined almost- en- 
tirely within that extent of country which is enclosed 
by the Santee, the Congaree and the North Edisto. 
Within these limits, after the late retreat of Greene, 
Rawdon evidently resolved to canton his forces, but 
he soon found that the Americans were not to be 
shaken off. He was no doubt surprised when he found 
that Gen. Greene had not retreated a great way off, 
but had faced about to give him battle upon the Con- 
garee. Having divided his force, and left one part of 
it at Ninety-Six under command of Col. Cruger, he felt 
himself unequal to an encounter, but fell back before 
the approaching Americans to Orangeburgh, where he 
was sheltered on one side by the Edisto, and on the 

*That building was destroyed soon thereafter, or else Col. Williams 
mistook the jail for the Court House. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. " 523 

other by strong buildings, little inferior to redoubts. 
But even these advantages might not have saved him, 
had not the approach of Cruger compelled Greene to 
withdraw. Cruger having joined him, Lord Rawdon 
left the post at Orangeburgh in command of Colonel 
Stewart, and, with five hundred of his troops retired 
into Charlestowu, the State troops dogging his foot- 
steps. 

Having succeeded in driving Rawdon from Camden, 
by striking at the posts below, Greene determined to 
pursue the same course to compel the evacuation of 
Orangeburgh. With this object in view he let loose in 
the country below Orangeburgh most of the State 
troops under Marion and Sumter. These so harassed 
reconnoitering parties, convoys, escorts and stragglers; 
so often captured or cut off supplies, and otherwise so 
annoyed Stewart that his situation at Orangeburgh 
was becoming precarious, although he had command 
of nearly three thousand troops. 

When Stewart moved, he took post near the junc- 
tion of the Congaree and Wateree rivers, but on the 
South side. He left a force at Orangeburgh, and Col. 
Lee, crossing the Congaree with his cavalry, penetrated 
between the main body of the British army and the 
post at Orangeburgh, and in sight of the latter place, 
drove in, dispersed and captured several of their de- 
tachments. The embarrassment produced by such 
operations; the great difficulty of procuring provisions; 
and the necessity of lessening his main army to 
strengthen his posts below; in order to cover his com- 
munications between Orangeburgh and Charlestown, 
rendered the position of Stewart still more critical. 

The concentration by Greene of most of his detach- 
ments at a general rendezvous, determined the move- 
ments of Stewart. Falling back upon his re-inforce- 
ments and convoys, he took a position at Eutaw 



524 THE HISTORY OF 

Springs, about forty miles from Orangeburgh. He was 
followed by Col. Lee, who was pushed forward to watch 
his movements, while Gen. Pickens, with his South 
Carolina militia, advanced with a similar object, in 
the neghborhood of the enemy's post at Orangeburgh. 
Meantime, Greene crossed the Congaree, and moved 
down to Fort Motte,* where he resolved to discontinue 
the pursuit and await events. 

This hesitation seemed to determine Stewart. Halt- 
ing at Eutaw, he withdrew the garrison from Orange- 
burgh, and establishing it at Fairlawui Barony,t he pre- 
pared for a fight. Greene being joined by Marion, fol- 
lowed up, and on September 8th, 1781, the battle of 
Eutaw was fought.:|: Although the action was inde- 
cisive Stewart retreated towards Charlestowni. And 
though he succeeded in escaping from his pursuers, the 
British power in South Carolina was completely pros- 
trated by the battle of Eutaw. 

Meanwhile intelligence reached the South that Corn- 
wallis contemplated returning from Virginia to Caro- 
lina by land. A movement of Stewart seemed to con- 
firm the report. Having strengthened his army he 
returned to Eutaw. 

* "Near Ferguson's Swamp, Sept. 11, 1781. 

"In my dispatches of the 25th of August, I informed your excellen- 
cy, that we were on the march to Friday's Ferry, with tlie intent of 
forming a junction with the troops of the State and the corps of mili- 
tia that were assembled, and to attack tlie Englisli army, encamped 
near M'Leod's Ferry. 

"On the 27th, upon our arrival there, I received advice tliat tlie 
eneniy had retired. We passed tlie river at Howell's Ferry, and our 
tirst post was Motte's plantation, where T learnt that the enemy had 
stopped at Eutaw Springs, about forty miles from us." — Gen. Greene 
to the President of Gongress. 

fThe plantation of Sir James Golletoii, who — by the way — sided 
with the Americans. 

JEutaw Springs are situated just across the line that then separated 
Orangeburgh and Charlestown districts. 




COL. HENRY LEE 




(tEN. ANDREW PICKENS. 



[By permission, from \Vel)er"s History of Soutli Ciiroliua, 
Ginu & Company, Publishers.] 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 525 

The advance of the British to Eutaw did not, on their 
part, result in any increase of vigor. They took post 
at Fludd's plantation, three miles above Nelson's ferry. 
Their force of over tv\'o thousand was so much larger 
than Greene's that it gave the enemy the undivided 
command of the country to the South of the Santee 
and Congaree, and westward to the Edisto. But Greene 
received reinforcements and within two months of the 
battle of Eutaw was again ready to act. Marion was 
ordered to operate between the Santee and Charlestown, 
and Sumter, with his brigade of State troops, and some 
companies of his militia brigade, was ordered to take 
post at Orangeburgh and defend the country against 
the loyalists from Charlestown.* 

Gen. Sumter crossed the river in the beginning of 
November, and advanced upon the enemy. He soon 
fell in with a strong party of Tories under Gen. Robert 
Cuningham, who had advanced upon Orangeburgh, 
and one of his officers, a Major Morris, suffered him- 
self to fall into an ambuscade, in which he sustained 
some loss. The forces of Sumter and Cuningham 

*"Geii Sumter has orders to take post at Orangeburg, to i^reveut the 
Tories in tluit quarter from conveying supplies to Town, and liis ad- 
vance i^arties will penetrate as low as Dorchester; therefore you may 
act in conjunction with him" &c. — Extract from a letter from Gen. 
Greene to Gen. Marion, Nov. 5, 1781. 

"Gen. Sumter is gone to take post at Orangeburg." — Greene to 
Marion, Nov. 11, 1781. 

"Orangeburg, Nov. 23, 1781, 
"Sir: 

"I have some reason to tliink Gen. Greene don't mean to move 
downward until the lower posts are well explored, and the number 
and situation of the enemy accurately ascertained." * * * * 
"The enemy in this quarter are numerous in horse, but not formid- 
able."— Sumter to Marion. 

"Would you wish to have a part of tlie militia of Gen. Sumter's 
Brigade? tliey are at Oi'angeburgh and Four Holes— please to infonii 
me. I suppose you have heard of the General's resignation; Col. 
Henderson is thought of to succeed liim." — Gen. Greene to Gen. Ma- 
rion, March 1, 1782. 



526 THE HISTORY OF 

being nearly equal, operated as mutual checks upon 
each other. Cuningham, who had issued from Charles- 
town on a pillaging expedition into the upper coun- 
try, was checked in his progress; while Sumter, to con- 
tinue this restraint upon his enemy, and maintain him- 
self in safety, fell back for the present, and secured 
himself by a carefully selected position. 

About this time the news of the fall of Cornvvallis 
at Yorktown reached South Carolina. It gave confi- 
dence to Greene and caused Stewart alarm. 

On November ISth, Greene struck camp at the High 
Hills, and took up the line of march on the route by 
Simons's and McCord's ferries, through Orangeburgh, 
to Riddlespurger's; thence by the Indian field road to 
Ferguson's mill, wdiere that road crosses the Edisto. 
The remainder of Greene's operations were to the 
South of Orangeburg District. The country from the 
Edisto to the Santee became thrown open in conse- 
quence, for a time, to the ravages of the enemy: and a 
party of Tories, under the command of William Cun- 
ingham, ("Bloody Bill.") escaped from the lower coun- 
try, passed through Orangeburg District, and ascended 
the Saluda with a body of three hundred horse.* 

By the beginning of the year 1782 the British held 
no posts outside of Charlestown, but they did not for- 
mally retire from that city until December 14th, 1782. 
In the meantime about the only warfare waged in 
South Carolina was that waged between Whigs and 
Tories. Several events of this warfare have been re- 
corded. Two by Eh'. Johnson, in his "Traditions'", con- 
cern us. Of the first of these he says, p. 54S: 

*Dr. Johnsdii, says, p. 505: "Tt is supposed, that wlien Bill Cunning- 
ham made liis bloody incursion into tlie up-country, in 17S1, his aim 
was to surprise and capture Haminond." (Col. Samuel.) But on the 
other hand he did not surprise Hammond, hut was worried by him 
until Gen. Pickens joined Hammond and chast'd Cuiiin,i>ham from 
the Saluda to Orangeburgh. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 527 

''Near the close of these troubles in South-Carolina, 
in May, 1782, Captain Watson* heard of a body of to- 
ries in Dean's Swamp, near Orangeburg, and, in con- 
junction with Captain William Butler — his friend and 
neighl)or — it was dertermined to attack them. Wat- 
son's men were mounted militia, armed with rifles and 
muskets; Butler's command were cavalry, armed with 
pistols and cutlasses. In order to surprise the tories, 
the associates marched forward at sunset with great 
rapidit}^ captured a disaffected man, named Hutto or 
Hutton, and hurried him along with them under guard. 
As they approached the tory encampment, Hutton made 
his escape, and gave notice to the tories of Watson's 
approach. They immediately paraded in ambush to 
surprise and oppose the whigs. When Button's es- 
cape was reported to the two captains, Watson declared 
his opinion that the expedition should be abandoned, 
but Butler, for various reasons, thought otherwise, and 
they accordingly continued to advance. When they 
approached the edge of the swamp, two men were ob- 
served, as if endeavoring to hide themselves. Butler, 
Watson, and Sergeant Vardel — a very brave man — 
rode rapidly forward to capture them. Watson first 
discovered that these men were only a decoy, and, 
w^hen too late, w^arued the others that the whole of the 
tories were there concealed. They arose, on being dis- 
covered, and poured on their assailants a well-directed 
fire, which brought down Watson, Vardel, and several 
others of the foremost whigs. Although sorely galled, 
Butler brought off' the wounded men, and now found, 
to his mortification, that the infantry had little or no 
ammunition left, and that the enemy were advancing 
upon him with double his numbers. In this emergen- 
cy, he appointed a brave young man, named John 

*Micliael Watson. 



528 THE HISTORY OF 

Corley. his liententant, and made a desperate charge 
on the enemy's line, so unexpectedly as to throw them 
into confusion. He pressed on them so hotly, n)ing- 
ling in their disoi'dered ranks, and hewing them down 
with his broad swords, that they had not time to rally 
— their superior numbers only increased their confu- 
sion and destruction. Butler continued his impetuous 
attack, until the tories took refuge in the swamp. As 
the whigs returned in triumph, the gallant Vardel 
made an effort to rise and wave his hand in hurra, but 
fell immediately and expired. They buried him — 
where the brave are proud to lie — on the field of vic- 
tory. 

"Watson survived until the Americans reached 
Orangeburg. In that village he was buried with the 
honors of war, and his grave was w^atered with the 
manly tears of his fellow soldiers. 

"The following in(;idents occurred in this expedition 
to Dean's Swamp. A smart young man, who had never 
been engaged in battle, was very anxious to become 
an officer in Watson's company, and very desirous of 
distinction. He was elected, and advanced in his com- 
mand very gallantly to the attack mounted on a beau- 
tiful filly. When the enemy were discovered, he dis- 
mounted with the rest, and having hitched his horse, 
was advancing on foot, when the tories rose and de- 
livered their destructive fire. Seeing the number that 
fell with Captain Watson, the young officer's courage 
suddenly evaporated from his fingei- ends. He tui'ued 
his back, and, forgetting his hoi'se, becanie more dis- 
tinguished in the flight than in the fight, and never 
stopped until he reached home, spreading a report that 
the party had been ambushed and all killed but him- 
self. The horse was saved by those who brought off' 
the wounded. When they reached Orangeburg, find- 
ing that the owner would not return to claim her, the}' 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 529 

sold the mare, and expended the money in rum and 
other i-efreshments/' 

In the sketch of Captain James Ryan to be found in 
Johnson's "Traditions of the Revolution" the follow- 
ing paragraph concerns us: 

"In the latter part of the year 1782, while advancing 
with his usual impetuosity, and perhaps too much 
temerity, upon a party of tories that v^ere encamped 
near Orangeburg, he received a musket ball in his 
shoulder, which he carried to his grave. Not at all 
disconcerted or discouraged, although unable to pro- 
ceed, he ordered, with great presence of mind, his first 
lieutenant, William Butler, to lead on the attack and 
continue the pursuit." 

This warfare between Whigs and Tories did not even 
end with the war, though waged without the sanction 
of the law. But at any rate we will consider the Revo- 
lutionary war as closing in South Carolina, and in 
Orangeburgh District, on the day when the British 
vessels containing the British army sailed out of 
Charleston Harbor, Deceniber 14th, 1782. 

"Three hundred noble vessels 

Rose on the rising' flood, 
Wherein with sullen apathy 

Knibarked those men of blood." 

The following list of battles fought on the soil of what 
is now Orangeburg County, was kindly furnished by 
General Edward McCrady from the manuscript of his 
forthcoming volume on the history of South Carolina 
during the Revolutionary period: 

1. Thomson's Plantation, 22 and 23 February, 1781. 
Sumter attacks British post at, is repulsed, but next 
day captures wagon ti"ain and guards on way to Raw- 
don. 

2. Orangeburg, 11 May, 1781. Sumter attacks Brit- 
ish post at, and makes captures. 



530 THE HISTORY OF 

3. Fort Motte, 12 May, 1781. Taken from the Brit- 
ish by Marion and Lee. 

4. Forks of the Edisto, May, 1781. Captain Con- 
naway Royal Militia of Orangeburg attacks Whig par- 
ty, kills many and disperses rest. 

5. , November, 1781. Maj. Morris, 

Whig, is surprised and defeated by Tories under Cun- 
ingham, 

6. , 27 November, 1781. Colonel 

Richard Hampton is surprised and defeated by Tories 
under Cuningham. 

7. Dean Swamp, May, 1782. Captains Watson and 
Butler attack Tories. Led into ambush. Watson and 
Vardell killed, Butler defeated. 

Section 6. The Germans and Scotch of Orangehargh in 
the Revolution. 

The German people who resided in Orangeburgh Dis- 
trict have never received justice in regard to their con- 
duct during the Revolution, at the hands of any of our 
historians, and for that reason outside historians have 
been free to declare that the large German settle- 
ments in South Carolina were of Tory sentiments. 

On this subject Lorenzo Sabine in his work, "Amer- 
ican Loyalists", says, speaking of the conduct of South 
Carolina in the Revolution: "The population, com- 
posed as it was, of emigrants from Switzerland, Ger- 
many, France, Ireland, and the northern colonies of 
America, and their descendants, was, of course, defi- 
cient in the necessary degree of homogeneity, or same- 
ness of nature, to insure any considerable unanimity 
of political sentiment." After giving the above as one 
of the principal reasons why the people of South Car- 
olina were not true to the cause of Independence, Sa- 
bine continued by making many asserfioihs to the effect 



ORANGEBUEG COUNTY. 531 

that South Carolina's conduct was reproachful, but 
proved nothing. 

In his admirable pamphlet, "South Carolina in the 
Eevolution", Mr. Simms refutes many of the slanders 
of Sabine, but even he has fallen into the error, that 
so many otiier historians had fallen into, in regard to 
the conduct of the German and Scotch elements of our 
population. Mr. Simms says on p. 17 of his pamphlet: 
"The Scotch, a people remarkable for their loyalty, 
were naturally with Great Britain. The German pop- 
ulation found no arguments equal to the conclusive 
fact that George the Third was a Prince of Hanover," 
Again on p. 71 he says: ''Her numerical force was 
lessened by the Scotch, German and Quaker settle- 
ments of the interior all of which were loyalists." 

Dr. Joseph Johnson, in "Traditions of the Revolu- 
tion", pp. 101-2, makes the same error. He says: "The 
Germans in South Carolina generally refused to take 
part in the revolution, either for or against the govern- 
ment, saying that the King was of German descent, 
and that they did not understand the dispute." 

Quotations from other historians might be cited, 
but these will suffice. 

Now. the bulk of the German people of South Caro- 
lina lived in the districts of Orangeburgh and Ninety- 
Six — that part of Ninety-Six now embraced by New- 
berry and Saluda counties. 

This work does not concern the conduct of the 
Ninety-Six Germans, but extensive research as to 
the conduct of the Orangeburgh Germans, shows that 
among them were some of the truest Whigs in South 
Carolina, and we must insist that only a very small 
percentage of them were Tories, outlaws or neutrals. 

A careful examination of the Giessendanner Record, 
given in the second chapter of this work, will disclose 
the names of the German families of Orangeburgh 



532 THE HISTORY OF 

District. A comparison of those uaiues with those to 
be found on various Revolutionary documents will 
show that prominent representatives of almost every 
one of those families were ardent Whigs, and as the 
same men had been leaders among their fellow-coun- 
trymen before the Revolution Ijegan, it is reasonable 
to suppose that their leadership was still followed dur- 
ing the Revolution, especially when we consider that 
as a race the Germans are particularly given to stick- 
ing together and following their leaders when in a 
foreign country. We see illustrations of that before 
our very eyes almost daily. 

Again we have seen that at least two strong mili- 
tary organizations existed among the German Whigs 
in the immediate vicinity of Orangeburgh village, and 
the only roll extant (so far as we know) of one of 
those companies contains about sixty German names 
out of a total membership of sixty-five. That there 
were other German soldiers fighting in other branches 
of the service it is reasonable to suppose; else why 
should Governor Rutledge have selected Orangeburgh, 
as his headquarters in 1779, and as the place of ren- 
dezvous of the militia, if it w^as not a Whig strong- 
hold? And from the letter of Col. Charles Pinckney 
to Gen. Moultrie, of March 2nd, 1779, (p, 491,) we infer 
that Governor Rutledge expected to raise 2,700 men 
in the vicinity of Orangeburgh, and with four Ninety- 
Six militia regiments added, he expected to have a 
force of 5,000. We have shown that from his camp at 
Orangeburgh he detached, on the 13th of April, 1779, 
Col, Simons with a thousand njen to Gen. Moultrie at 
Black Swamp, and yet retained a force of six or seven 
hundred men. We have also seen that after sending 
out several detachments, amounting to one or two 
hundred men in all, he joined Gen, Moultrie in 
Charlestown with about 600 militia. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 533 

From the proofs already furniHhecl, it is quite cer- 
tain that Orangebnrgh District furnished a large mili- 
tia force during the Revolution, and as a large per- 
centage of the inhabitants of the District were Ger- 
mans, then a large percentage of the militia of the 
District must necessarily have been Germans. And 
of the large militia force assembled in 1779, by Gover- 
nor Rutledge, right in the heart of this, the principal 
German settlement in South Carolina, surely a good 
proportion of it niust have been from the country 
around, and as a very large majority of the people 
around there were German people, then a fair propor- 
tion of the Orangeburgh militia with Governor Rut- 
ledge must have been Germans. We have likewise 
seen that many of the regulars in Thomson's regiment 
were from Orangeburgh, and many of these were 
necessarily Germans also. The same thing may be 
said of the company of fifty men recruited by Capt. 
Thomas Pinckney in Orangeburgh in Jul3% 1775. And 
here it may be proper to ask why Capt. Pinckney 
went among the Germans to recruit if they were op- 
posed to the Revolution, and how it happened that he 
secured three fourths of his men from among them? 
And in Col. Row^e's regiment; and in Col. Beard's mi- 
litia regiment; and in those three militia companies 
mentioned by Col. Thomson as existing in his imme- 
diate neighborhood; and in that militia company 
commanded by Capt. John Salley, there must have 
been some Germans. And of the four Continental 
veterans of Orange Parish who drew pensions from the 
United States government in 1S40, two were Germans, 
while the only one of St. Matthew's Parish was a Ger- 
man. 

General Knox, who was Secretary of War under 
President Washington, reported that during the Revo- 
lution South Carolina had furnished 35,507 enlistments 



534 THE HISTORY OF 

to the Continental service. When we consider that 
the maximum white population of South Carolina for 
that period was only about 90,000* this seems incredi- 
ble. But as the war lasted seven years, and as the 
longest term of enlistment was for three yearsf and 
after that had expired, for six months or longer, or 
for the war, many had a chance to serve out a first en- 
listment and then re-enlist; a thing which they must 
undoubtedly have done. Again it must be taken into 
consideration that a small boy at the beginning of the 
war was old enough to enlist long before the end of 
the war. South Carolina furnished fifteen regiments to 

*When the six regiments of Soutli Carolina regulars were first 
raised in 1775-76, the men enlisted therein were enlisted for three 
years, so that when, in 1776, these six regiments Avere taken into the 
Continental service they were already engaged for three years, al- 
though the Continental E'stablishment only required enlistments for 
six months at a time. This is one reason why Massachusetts could 
furnish 67,907 to South Carolina's 35,507. The New England States 
enlisted their regular troops for six months. The following note from 
page xviii of Drayton's Memoirs (vol. i.) will he of interest in this 
connection: 

"When the Congress began to consider of a Continental army, they 
were for leaving the army in Massachusetts, as belonging to the Colo- 
ny, which they were willing to pay — and besides, to raise a Conti- 
nental one. But the N Delegates said, this army has stood the brunt 
— you are willing to pay them — why deprive them of rank? Well, 
they were made continentals. The regulations came on next; the 
British, were proposed. No, said they, they have signed other arti- 
cles; and will you impose others upon them? And, this was yielded. 
The term, was next; the six months the NeAV-Englanders has enlist- 
ed for, was thought too short: no, said they, the war will be over in 
that time — besides, will you make these men serve longer, than they 
have agreed for? Well, then, they were answered, rescind the re- 
solve for making them continentals. No. And thus it was, that the 
ruinous policy of' short enlistments obtained. — This from J. Rut- 
ledffe. ' ' 

tin 1774, the population of South Caroli^ia was estimated bj' the 
Continental Congress at 225,000; but that included the negroes, and 
negroes did not, strictly speaking, count in^jjopufation (but as proper- 
ty) in that day — a Republican "Committee on Elections" was, a 
thing, at that time, yet to be created. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY. 535 

the Continental service, and besides, she was never 
with less than three militia brigades of her own — 
sometimes five. So that with her Continentals, mili- 
tia, State troops, (which sometimes acted as Continen- 
tals,) old men, women and children very few of her 
population of 90.000 were left for Tories or neutrals. 
Consequently, very few of the large number of Ger- 
mans in Orangeburgh could possibly have been else- 
where than with the Whigs. 

Eighteen men were appointed on the "Committee 
for carrying into execution the Continental Associa- 
tion" for Orangeburgh District in February, 1775; and 
of this number Henry Felder, Lewis Golson, Adam 
Snell. Christopher Zahn and Godfrey Drier were un- 
doubtedly Germans, while several other names on the 
list have a German sound. Surely if all of the Ger- 
mans were opposed to the Revolution, five Germans 
would not have been put on a committee of eighteen 
from one district alone. And again, in August of that 
same year, of the six members of the State legislature 
returned for St. Matthew's Parish, one, Henry Felder, 
was a German. Of the thirty-six justices of the peace 
for Orangeburgh District, appointed in 1776, five, per- 
haps more, were Germans. And on that grand jury, 
which in May, 1776, made such an able and eloquent 
presentment to Chief-Justice Drayton, the German 
names Felder, Leitner, Snell, Rickenbacker, Whet- 
stone, Crum and Drehr appear. Henry Felder was the 
foreman, and it is probable that he wrote the present- 
ment which speaks nothing but the loftiest words of 
Whig patriotism. Henry Felder was probably edu- 
cated in Zurich before he left that place, and was 
doubtless well able to write such a paper, since we 
have it as a traditionary joke that "whenever he got 
up in the legislature to present a bill it became a law 
before he sat down", from which w^e infer that he must 



536 THE HISTORY OF 

have been a John T. Morgan in his day and time. 
(And there are those who seem to believe that the 
ability to say a great deal is really ability.) And if 
handwriting is any test of education then Henry Rick- 
enbacker, of the same jury, must have been educated, 
for he wrote a beautiful hand, almost like copy plate. 
There were doubtless many well educated Germans 
among the Orangeburgh settlers. Their pastor. Rev. 
Giessendanner, was characterized as "a man of learn- 
ing, piety and knowledge in the Holy Scriptures", and 
his book clearly shows that he was at least a man of 
learning. 

But to return to their immediate share in the Revo- 
lution. On the list of tax collectors for 1777, for 
Orangeburgh District, were the German names Felder, 
Stroul, Kaigler and Geiger. And on the Orangeburgh 
grand jury, that in 1778, presented as a grievance, "the 
want of a publick general test by which the foes may 
be distinguished from the friends of the American 
cause", and recommended that "the abjuration oath 
be made general", we find the German names Lewis 
Golson (foreman), Felder, Whetstone, Harrisperger, 
Rickenbacker, Drehr and Snell. Surely a loyalist, or 
a neutral who "did not understand the dispute", would 
not, in the first place, have been on the grand jury, or 
have signed such a presentment. 

And so on, throughout the war, we find a large per- 
centage of the civic officers of the district, Germans. 
Much to the same effect might be said of the Germans 
elsewhere in South Carolina, but this essay deals only 
with Orangeburgh District. 

Now, while the Cuninghams, Evan McLaurin, Moses 
Kirkland, John Stuart, Joseph Robinson, and other 
Scotch settlers of the "back country" were Tories, by 
no means all of the Scotch settlers of South Carolina 
were Tories. In fact the Tory eienient in South Caro- 



ORANGEBDRa COUNTY. 537 

iina was confined to no special race or creed; they 
were representatives of every nationality then settled 
in America, and they were usually either the latest 
arrivals, or the scum of the ante-Revolutionary socie- 
ty; while the majority of them were the ^'driftwood" 
of the Northern colonies. 

But in Orangehurgh Township there were several 
ti'ue and tried Scotchmen whose names were scarcely 
ever absent from the council rolls of the State during 
the Revolution. Among these were Col, Christopher 
Rowe, Henry Rowe, Sanjuel Rowe, and Donald Bruce 
the latter of whom had. up to 1774, been a mer- 
<diant in Charlestown; though we are told that it 
was among the Scotch merchants of Charlestown that 
the most dangerous Tory sentiments were to be found. 
xAnd even he has been unintentionally misrepresented 
by that earnest and painstaking historian, Wm. Gil- 
more Simms, who speaks, in "The Forayers", of the 
''widow Bruce" as a loyalist. The fact is there was 
no widow Bruce until ten years after the close of the 
war, and her husband was not only a member of the 
State legislature for several years during the Revolu- 
tion, but likewise belonged to the Whig army, as was 
shown by an old letter, written by him during the 
war, lately in the possession of one of his descendants. 

In the dark days just subsequent to the fall of 
Charlestown the tories of Ninety-Six District, backed 
by the British army, committed all manner of crimes; 
murdering, plundering, burning and riding rough shod 
over the people, while at the same time the people of 
Orangeburgh District were enjoying comparative quiet, 
and all because the Tory sentiment was not so strong 
in that district, and because the post at Ninety-Six 
was more strongly garrisoned by British regulars than 
that at Orangeburgh. 

Again, when "Bloody Bill" Cuninghara made his 



538 THE HISTORY OF 

famous raid into the back country in Noveniher, 17S1, 
while Gen. Pickens was busy with the Ninety-Six 
militia in the lower country, he found little opposi- 
tion, save in Orangeburgh District, where the brave 
Rumph proved his match and perhaps a little more 
than his match. In fact, Cuningham's luck seemed to 
forsake him whenever he reached Orangeburgh, and, 
to crown all, his favorite charger, "Ringtail", a blooded 
mare presented to him by his kinsman, Capt. Patrick 
Cuningham, died on a roadside near Orangeburgh 
while Cuningham was on, probably, his last trip to 
Charlestown, whence he soon after embarked for Nas- 
sau, where he spent the remainder of his days, a pen- 
sioner of the British government and a wretched ex- 
ample of the South Carolina Loyalist. 

"He left a name at which the world grew pale, 
To point a moral or adorn a tale." 

The Cuninghams were the most conspicuous Tories 
in South Carolina. They were people of affluence, 
wealth and influence. They were Scotch people. They 
lived in a community composed largely of Scotch and 
(ierman people. They used their best endeavors to 
influence their neighbors against the revolutionists; 
but they were unsuccessful, and two of them died 
alone in a foreign land. 

The number of South Carolina Tories — whether 
Scotch, or German, or English, or Irish, or Hebrew — 
has been greatly exagerated. It is time to call a halt. 
It is time to seek the truth. 



ORANGEBURG COUNTY, 



oB9 



INDEX 



Abbeville District, B69. 

Abeeklin, Kiliaii, 96, 108. 

Aberly, Anne, 167, 180, 

Aberly, Catharine Margaret, 167. 

Aberly, John, 120, 159, 167, 180. 

Acadia, 38. 

Acker, Magdelin, 99, 101. 

Acker, Johannas, 100. 

Acker, Susannah, 88. 

"'Adventure", Barque, 34, 

Aiken County, 9, 17. 

Alamance, the battle of, 118, 

Albany, 236. 

Alder, Anna, 210, 

Alder, Conrad, 95, 108, 210. 

Aldridge, Agnes, 167. 

Aldridge, Sarah, 167. 

Aldridge, William, 167. 

Aldridge, Zaehariah, 167. 

Alexander, .loseph, 323. 

Allison, Andrew, 250. 

Alston, Capt., 344-5. 

Altamaha, 334, 360. 

Amaker, Anna, 114, 125. 

Amaker, Hans, 214. 

Amaker, Johannes, 105, 116. 

Amaker, John, Jr., 136, 137, 147, 
217. 

Amaker, John, Revolutumary 
soldier, 473, 484-5. 

Amaker, name, 31. 

Amelia Chapel, 68, 170, 172-3, 175- 
81, 183-6, 190-3. 

Amelia, the Princess, 2. 

Amelia Township, 2, 3, 9, 10, 23-4, 
33-4, 45-6, 63-4, 70, 74, 95, 97, 
100, 111-19, 121-4, 126, 128, 130, 
145, 147-8, 153, 155, 158, 162, 163, 
165, 168, 171, 179, 198, 218, 219, 
226, 228-9, 237, 246-50, 290, 368. 

America, 33, 42-3, 72-3, 76, 88, 230, 
236, 286, 289, 316, 336, 381, 402. 



''American Lopilists", 530. 
"American Lutheran Church". 

23a 
Amhei-st, Gen,, 235. 
Ancrum, George, 265. 
Ancrum, William, 255. 
Anding, Anna Barbara, 180. 
Anding, .Tohu, 120, 137, 143, 159, 

167, 168, 180. 
Anding, John Nicholas, 167. 
Anding, Margaret, 159, 167-8, 180. 
Anding, Veronica, 143, 214. 
Andrews, Robert, 112, 
"Annals of Newberry District", 

386, 411, 481, 
Anne, the Princess, 35. 
Annis, Jacob, 161. 
Anson Street, 91. 
Anthony, Rev, J. B., 83. 
Appenzel, Canton, 36, 52. 
Arant, Mrs., 67-8, 
Argrove, Leven, 467. 
Armstrong, Gen., 34-5-6, 349, 466v 
Armstrong, Robert, 388. 
Arthur, Barnabas, 217, 248. 
Arthur, Capt., 436. 
Arthur, William, 12, 248-9, 257, 

260, 265, 272-6. 
Ashby, Anthony, 388. 
Ashly River, 89. 
Astor Library, 78. 
Atkinson, John, 97. 
Augusta, 2, 36, 296-7, 315, .354, 

417-8, 422-3. 
Ax, Catharine, 136. 
Bachman, Rev. John, D. D., 92. 
Bachrden, Margretta, 99, 101. 
Bacon's Bridge, 89. 
Bacot, Peter, 281, 319. 
Baden, 70, 80. 
Baden hop, J., 27. 
Bailey, Lieut., 363, 387. 



540 



INDEX 



Baird, Eugenia, 162. 
Baird, James, 162, 
Baker, C'apt. Jesse, 386. 
Baker, John, 145. 
Baldrick, James, 230, 
Baldridge, Margaret, 180. 
Baldridge, Mary, 180, 
Baldridge, Richard, 180, 
Ballentine, Eleanor, 147, 
Ballentine, Eugenia, 147, 
Ballentine, Katherine, 178, 
Ballentine, William, 144, 147, 155, 

156. 
Ballew, Thomas, 1 15. 
Balmarin, Magdaline, 98, 
Balziger, George, 184, 
Balziger, Hans (1], 104, 125, 129, 

136, 140, 152, 157, 202. 
Balziger, Hans (2), 150. 
Balziger, Mary, 125, 129, 136, 152, 

157. 
Balziger, name, 31. 
Bamberg County, 9. 
Bamrick, Thomas, 163. 
Barbadoes, 34, 
Barber, Elizabeth, 125. 
Barber, Thomas, 125. 
Barber, name, 32, 
Barker, Elizabeth, 122, 131, 138, 

158, 
Barker, Elizabeth, daughter of 

former, 131. 
Barker, James, 124, 
Barker, John, 122, 
Barker, Thomas (1), 122, 131, 138, 

158, 
Barker, Thomas (2), 158, 
Barker, name, 32. 
Barklovv, Richard, 230, 
Barnwell County, 9, 17, 90, 219, 
Barnwell District, 15, 16, 87, 220, 

467. 
Barnwell, Gen. John, 388, 470. 
Barr, John George, 30, 199, 200, 

215. 
Barr, Margaret, 161. 



Barrie, Elizabeth, 117-8, 130, 138. 

Barrie, William, 31, 111, 117, 126, 
130, 13.5, 138, 198, 

Barrin, AnnaCatiiarina, 154, 176. 

Barrin, Anna Margaret, 138, 168, 
173, 

Barrin, Eva Catharina, 119, 138, 
144, 

Barry, Michael, 101. 

Barwick, Edward, 119, 153, 156. 

Barwick, Margaret, 153, 156. 

Barwick, Mary, 153. 

Barwick, Thomas, 159. 

Baumgartner, Conrad, 192. 

Beames, James, 276, 368. 

Beames, Lieut., 354, 387, 446. 

Beard, Jane, 176. 

Beard, Jonas, 249, ^7, 258, 265, 
269, 276, 278, 293, 356, 395, 469. 

Beaufort District, 13. 

Beaufort, 363, 439. 

Beaver Creek, 3, 13, 213. 

Beck, Jacob, 117. 

Beck, John Peter, 14-5, 155. 

Beck, Margaret (1), 145, 173. 
Beck, Margaret (2), 173. 
Beck, Mary (2), 145. 
Beck, Samuel Bly, 145, 173. 
Bee, Thomas, 11, 264, 388. 
Bellville, 64, 377, 379. 
Beltzer, Margaret, 102, 
Bently, James, 139, 
Bently, Susannah, 139. 
Berkeley County, 1, 2, 3, 7, 18, 22, 

28, 29, 111, 116-7, 120, 246, 248. 
Berkeley, Election District of, 16, 

17. 
Berne, Canton, 30, 35, 79, 195. 
Bernheim, Rev. G. D,, 39, 61, 64, 
70, 75, 88, 89, 91, 92, 238. 
Berry, James, 159, 
Berry, Mary Anne, 159, 
Berry, William, 111, 124, 
Berry, Williani, son of James, 

159, 
Berwick, Simon, 257-8, 260. 



INDEX 



541 



Beystein, 94. 

Biddys, M., 108. 

Biegelmann, Anna Elizabeth, 

108. 
Bieman, John Jacob, 71. 
Biggin, Bridge, 393. 
Binsky, Martin, 112, lU, 116. 
Black Swamp, 362. 
Blake, Capt. Edward, 341. 
Blake, John, 388. 
Bodening, Margretta, 100. 
Bollerin, Margretta, 99. 
Bolzius, Pastor, 46, 49, 58, 83-6, 

88. 
Bond, Thomas, 228, 247. 
Bonnell, William, 131. 
Bonnetlieau, Peter, 231. 
Booser, Ulrick, 161. 
Booth, Belli nder, 133. 
Booth, Elizabeth, 133. 
Booth, William, 133. 
Bossart, Ann, 30, 199. 
Bossart, Henry, 175, 218. 
Bossart (Bnssart), Jacob, 30, 190, 

199. 
Boston, 255, 331. 
Bowers, William, 170. 
Bowie, Capt. John, 309-11, 315. 
Bowman, Barbara, 126, 133. 
Bowman, George, 136. 
Bowman, Jacob, 126, 133, 192. 
Bowman, Jacob, Tory captain, 

305, 307. 
Boy, Alexander, 186. 
Boy, Anue, 186. 
Boy, Mary Elizabeth, 186. 
Boykin, Francis, 280, 313, 387-8. 
Boykin, Samuel, 256, 265, 274. 
Brady, Edward, 116, 176, 
Brady, Edward (2), 176. 
Brady. Rachel, 176. 
Brant, Mrs., 99. 
Bress, Anna, 146 
Bress, Jacob, 146. 
Bress, Mary Elizabeth, 146. 
Brewton, Miles, 388. 



Brick, Margaret, 110. 

Brickel, Adam, 218. 

Brier Creek, 90, 219, 

Bright, name, 32. 

Bright, Samuel, 112-13, 122. 

Brimstone, Jonathan, 110. 

Bringolt, Margaret, 98. 

Brood, Mary, 100. 

Broughton, Lieutenant-Gtner- 

nor, 2, 27, 70, 74, 75. 
Broughton Street, 11, 65. 
Brown, Andrew, 368. 
Brown, Bartilot, 182. 
Brown, Bartlet, 90. 
Brown, Benjamin, 182. 
Brown, Capt., 77, 78, 79. 
Brown, Caspar, 132, 139, 140, 163, 

172-3, 269,'272. 
Brown, Hugh, 297, 300, 317, 428. 
Brown, Katharine, 182. 
Brown, name, 32. 
Brown. Patrick, 231. 
Brown, Richard, 265, 386, 444, 453, 

459, 460, 461. 
Brown, Tarleton, 90, 467, 503-509. 
Brown, Tarleton, "Memoirs", of 

90, 219, 220, 276, 469. 
Brown, Williain, 160, 249. 
Brown, William, son of Bartilot, 

182. 
Bruce, Donald, 248-9, 265-6, 273-4, 

276, 492. 
Bruderer, John, 99, 101. 
Bruel, Jacob, 98. 
Bruel, Margaret, 98. 
Brunner, Eve Mary, 166, 178, 190, 

212. 
Brunner, Jacob, 190. 
Brunner, John, 178, 212. 
Brunner, Margaret, 120. 
Brunner, Rudolph, 120. 
Brunner, Ulrick (1), 166, 178, 190, 

192, 212. 
Brunner, Ulrick (2), 166. 
Brunson (Brunzon), Abraham, 

127. 



542 



INDEX 



Briinson, Alexander, 128. 

Brunson, BarVjara, 113, 125. 

Brunsmr, Elizabeth, 191, 

Brunson, Elizabeth (2), 15& 

Brunson, G. W,, 24. 

Branson, Isaac, 125. 

Brunson, Jacob, US, 125. 

Brunson, Jan>es, 191, 

Brunson, John, 128, 156. 

Brunson, Jonathan, 127, I(J7, 

Brunson, Martha, 127, 167. 

Brunson, Martha, (2), 166, 

Brunson, Mary, 167. 

Brunson (Brunzon), name, 31, 

Brunson, Peter, 152. 

Brunson, Rachel, (1), 128, 156. 

Brunson, Rachel, (2), 128. 

Brunson, Rebecca, 167. 

Brunson, 8amuel, 167. 

Brunson, Sarah, 152. 

Brunson, Sin-ah, 128. 

Brunson, Susannah, 166. 

Brunson, WilHam, 152, 

Brunson, William, son of John, 
156. 

Buchanan, Capt. John, 386. 

Buester, Anna, 99. 

Buester, Ulrick, 99. 

Bull, John, Provincial Secretary, 
7. 

Bull, Lieutenant-Governor Wil- 
liam, 2, 6, 37, 54. 

Bull, orPhul, Peter, 227. 

Bull, Gen. Stephen, 264, 324, 469. 

Bullinger, 36. 

Bull Swamp Road, 11, 65. 

Bunch, Elizabeth, 132. 

Bunch, Gideon, 134. 

Bunch, Mary, 132. 

Bunch, Maiy, daughter of Paul, 
132. 

Bunch, name, 32, 

Bunch, Naomy, 119, 132. 

Bunch, Paul, 109, 132, 

Buph, Joseph, 104. 

Burdell, Eliza V)eth, wife of John, 



129, 139, 16^, I7S. 
Burdell, Elizjibeth, daughter of 

John, 129. 
Burdell, John, 4, 8, 116-17, 129-30, 

139, 163, 170, 178. 
Burdell, John (2), 139. 
Burdell, Susannah, 178. 
Burdell, Thomas, 168. 
Burckhard, Barbara, 137, 147, laCL 
Burckhard, Frederick, 137. 
Bui-gin, Ann;i, 95. 
Burns, Katherine, 168. 
Burns, Peter, 168. 
Burrows, William, 264. 
Burton's Ferry, 90, 219. 
Buser, Ann, 107. 
Busi), Magdalene, 96. 
Busk, Johannes, 131. 
Busk, Mary, ISl. 
Busk, Richard, 131. 
Bustrin, Anna, 95. 
Bu teller, Isabel, 110. 
Butler, A. P., 69. 
Butler, Capt. William, 527-8, 
Cabarrus County, N. C, 118, 
Cain, Patrick, 276. 
Caldwell, James, 230, 254. 
Caldwell, John, 8, 257-8, 260, 27f^ 

282, 295-7, 342-3, 354, 386, 388-9, 

40(3-7, 414, 423, 437, 445, 448, 4-53, 

481. 
Caldwell, William, 3S'6-7, 437. 
Calhoun, John C, 386. 
Calhoun County ("in future"), 9. 
Callyhon, Mary, 110. 
Calvert, Mr., 440-41. 
Calvin, John, 36, 44. 
Ca 1 n bri dge, 369-70. 
Cnmden,"291, 327, 369, 370. 
Camden District, 279. 
Cameron, Alan, 280, 388. 
Cammel, Mary, 131, 147. 
Cammel, Mrs., 100. 
Cammel, W., 100. 
Cammel, William, 112. 
Campbell, Archibald, 111, 139. 



INDEX 



543 



Campbell, Charles Fouqiiett, 139. 
Campbell, Col., 361, 375. 
C^imifbell, Eugenia, 139. 
Campbell, Governor William, '254, 

260, 332, 334-5, 367. 
Campbell, Mr., 65. 
Canada, 236. 
Canadian Indians, 234. 
Cantey, Josiah, 179. 
Cantey, Josiah, son of William, 

191. f 
Cantey, Lieut., 387. 
Cantey, Maj., 432. 
Cantey, Rebecca, 191. 
Cantey, William, 152, 191. 
Cape, James, 132. 
Carmichael, James, 11. 
Carney, Arthur, 183. 
Carney, James, 183. 
Carney, Mary, 112, 183. 
Carney, Samuel, 183, 198. 
Carney, William, 193. 
Cars, James, 98. 
Carse, Eugenia, 95, 108. 
Carse, Faithy, 95, 108. 
Cartaret County, 1. 
Carter, Benjamin, 95, 97, 100, 108. 
Carter, Elizabeth, 123-4, 148. 
Carter, Henry, 123-4, 138, 147-8, 

163. 
Carter, James, 123-4, 143. 
Carter, John, 124. 
Carter, Joseph, 183. 
Carter, Mary (1), 128-4, 138, 147, 

163. 
Carter, Mary (2), 128. 
Carter, Mary (8), 138. 
Carter, name, 82. 
Carter, Rachel, 168. 
Carter, Rebecca, 100. 
Carter, Robert, 148. 
Carter, Sarah, 97. 
Carter, Susannah, 143. 
Caswell, Gen., 365. 
Catawba Indians, 21, 40, 431. 
Catawba Nation, 234. 



Cattel, Benjamin, 388. 

Cattel, William, 388. 

Cattle Creek, 38. 

Chambers, .Joseph, 158. 

Chanler, Dr., 314. 

Charles Edward, the "Young 

Pretender", 32. 
Charleston Library, 218. 
Charleston Presbytery, 39, 57. 
Charleston road, the old, 11, 225. 
Charlton, Lieut. Thomas, 283, 

291, 294, 305-7, 328, 887, 428. 
Charnock, Wm., 388. 
Chatterton, Ann, 149. 
Chatterton, John, 149. 
Chatterton, Mark, 149. 
Chavis, robber, 461. 
Cheavy, Ann, 123. 
Cheavy, name, 82. 
Cheavy, Sarah, 128. 
Cheavy, Thomas, 123. 
Cherokee Indians, 18, 19, 20, 21, 

40, 86, 88, 804, 327, 338, 352-8, 

461. 
Cherokee Nation, 19, 20, 284, 299, 

824, 326. 
Cherokee Ponds, 815. 
Cherokee war, 88, 232-3, 235-7. 
Chestnut, John, 249, 265, 280, 283, 

292, 827, 385-6, 888, 404. 
Cheves, name, 23. 
Chevilette, Col. John, 4, 32, 98, 

102, 106, 111-12, 117, 119, 181, 

214, 233, 237, 246-7. 
Chevilette, John (2), 82. 
Childsbury-Town, 398. 
Church of the Redeemer, 64-5, 

68-9, 91, 96, 199. 
Clarke, Col., 850. 
Clark, Malcolm, 249, 265. 
Clarry, Joseph, 183. 
Clatworthy, James, 120. 
Clausand, George Henry, 105. 
Clausand, Leopold, 105. 
Clausand, W. A., 105. 
Clayton, Abraham, 175. 



544 



INDEX 



Clayton, Anne, 180, 187, 193. 
Clayton, Isham, 119, 158, 167, 175, 

180, 187, 193, 226, 249, 2B5. 
Clayton, Isham, son of Isliain, 

193. 
Clayton, Tshani, son of John, 153. 
Clayton, James, son of Isham, 

180. 
Clayton, James, son of John, 167. 
Clayton, Jane, 18~9. 
Clayton (Cleaton), John, 11, 107, 

125, 133, 137, 153, 167, 175, 184, 

189, 274. 
Clayton, John (2), 133. 
Clayton, Sarah (I), 125, 133, 137, 

153, 167, 175, 189. 
Clayton, Sarah (2), 125, 
Clayton, William. 
Clements, Andrew, 123, 
Clements, Gabriel, 12a 
Clements, Rebecca, 123, 
Clements, name, S2. 
Clement, William, 110, 
Clemmons, Joseph, 184. 
Clemmons, Lueretia, 184, 
Clemraons, Sarah, 184. 
CJlinton, Sir Henry, 338, 349, 351, 

365, 367, 370-72, 376, 382. 
Colleton County, 1. 25, 26, 27, 

119, 
Collins, John, 191, 274-6, 278. 
Collins, Joseph, 191. 
Columbia, 14, 18, 21, 25, 36, 50, 

377. 
Concord, N. C, 118. 
Congaree garrison, 22, 70. 
Congaree Indians, 21, 40, 41. 
Congarees, 18, 19. 20, 21, 40, SO, 82, 

85, 87-8, 122-3, 231-2, 234-6, 251, 

282, 291, 296, 305, 307, 312, 314, 

316-7, 325, 327, 333-4, 343, 354-5, 

408. 
Congaree Townsliip, 2, 69, 74, 84, 
Conner, Maj. Morgan, 352, 448, 
Cook, Anna, 178. 
Cook, Anna (2), 178. 



Cook, James, 8. 
Cook, Joseph, 178, 21S, 
Cooper, Catharina, 186. 
Cooper, Elizabeth, 134, 
Cooper, Joseph, 109, 126, 129, 134, 

136, 164, 1S6. 
Cooper, Margaret, 126, 129, 134, 

164, 186. 
('ooper, Rachel, 164^ 
Cooper, Sarah, 125-6, 131, 134, 139, 

153, 261. 
Cooper, William, (I), 112, 12-5, mi, 

131, 134-5, 139, 153. 
Cooper, William (2), 126. " 
Corbin, Peter, 230, 265, 
Corker, Thomas, 231. 
Corker, Thomas, Jr., 251, 
Cornelley,, James, 265. 
Cornwell, Billander, 190, 
Corn well, George, 190. 
Cornwell, Mary, 190, 
Cornwell, Peter, 190. 
"Corpus Evangelicum", 82. 
Cossett, Justice, 231. 
Cotter, Moses, 305, 307. 
Coullett, Christoplier, 4, 
Courtonne, James, 137, 18L. 
Courtonne, Jerome, 193. 
Courtonne, Thomas, 115, 
Coutonne, Anne, 181, 
Couton, Joseph, 141, 
Couton, Many', 141. 
Coutier (Cuttier), Anna Mam, 

or Many', 104, 128, 149, 156, 164., 

182, im. 

Coutier, Joseph, 96, 109, 128, 149, 

156, 164, 185, 
Coutier, Joseph, Jr., 182. 
Couturier, Capt., 344-5, 
Cowther, Isaac, 387, 
Cox, Ann, 115, 132. 
Craven Ctninty, I, 23, 174, 204, 
Crell, Stephen, 33, 235. 
Cressxvell, Rev, Mr., 408, 411, 
Crider, (Kryter, Kreyter, Kreir- 

ter), Anne, 154. 



INDEX 



545 



('rider, Barbara, 122, 214. 

Crider, Conrad, 189, 21-5. 

Crider, Johannes, 170. 

Crider, Joseph, (1), 102, 103, 105-6, 
108, 115, 1-42-3, 154, 170, 197, 206. 

Crider, Joseph (2), 103. 

Crider, 8arah, 197. 

Crider, Susannah, 103, 105, 143, 
154, 170, 189. 

Crider, Susannah (2), 105. 

Cromnielich, Catiiarina Marga- 
ret, 136. 

Cromnielich, Margaret, 136. 

Croninjelich, Thomas, 136. 

Crossby, Elizabetli, 187. 

Crossby, James, 187. 

Crowthers, Lieut., 387, 459. 

Crum, (Crumme, Crummy) Anne, 
193. 

Crum, Barbara, 174. 

Crum, Elizabetli, 182, 186-7, 

Crum, Elijah, 187. 

Crum, Henry, 114, 116, 118, 134, 
145, 158, 174, 186-7, 193, 269. 

Crum, Henry (2), 158. 

Crum, John Herman, 182, 186-7. 

Crum, Magdalene, 145, 158, 174, 
186, 193. 

Crum, Mary, 182. 

Crum, Peter Herman, 145. 

Crum, Rachel, 186. 

Crum, Sarah, 193. 

Cryer, Elizabeth, 142, 191. 

Cryer, Lidia, 142. 

Cryer, Thomas, 114, 142, 191. 

Cryer, Thomas (2), 191. 

Culler (Roller, Kohler, Collar), 
Anna, 186-7. 

Culler, Benedict (1), 99, 102, 108, 
115, 162, 189, 210, 223, 224. 

Culler, Benedict (2), or Benja- 
min, 102, 222. 

Culler, Elizabeth, 162. 

Culler, John Ulrick, 189, 210. 

Culler, Magdalena, 102, 104, 162, 
189, 210. 



Cruller, Margaret, 99, 174, 175. 
Culler, W. W., 222-3, 485. 
Cuningham, "Bloody Bill", 386, 

476, 480-82, 485, 526*. 
Curtis, Frances, 132, 178. 
Curtis, June, 178. 
Curtis, Moses, 218. 
Curtis, Priscilla, 132. 
Curtis, Thomas, 132, 178. 
Danly, Anne, 159. 
Danly, James (1), 150, 159. 
Danly, James (2), 150. 
Danly, John, 159. 
Danly, Mary, 150, 159. 
Danly, Rose, 150. 
Dann, Elizabeth, 172. 
Dann, Mary, 172. 
Dann, William, 172. 
Danner, Barbara, 101. 
Danner, Hans, 97, 100, 101. 
Danner, Jacolj, 101. 
Danner, John, 96 
Dantzler, Anna, 192. 
Dantzler, Anna Margaret, 177, 

186. 
Dantzler, Appollonia, 177, 192-3. 
Dantzler, Barbara, 181, 215. 
Dantzler, Hans Henry, 177, 215. 
Dantzler, Hans Ulrick, 164-5, 177. 
Dantzler, Henry, 165, 177, 192- 

3, 215. 
Dantzler, John, 215. 
Dantzler, Margaret, 165, 177. 
Dantzler, Ottinaries, 215. 
Dargan, Ann, 118, 153. 
Dargan, Dorcas, 153. 
Dargan, Elizabeth, 191. 
Dargan, John, 153, 158. 
Dargan, Katherine, 169, 172. 
Dargan, Timothy, 4, 148, 172. 
Darlsley, Edward, 20. 
Darweta, Ann Magaret, 142. 
Dattwyler, Anna, 105, 110. 
Dauge, Indian agent, 20. 
Davis, Elizabeth, 98, 109. 
Davis, James, 323. 



546 



INDEX 



Davis, John, 19], 387. 

Davis, Salome, 103. 

Davis, Samuel (1), 103, 107, 113, 

125. 
Davis, Samuel (2), 103. 
Dayton, Ralph, 20. 
Dean, James, 110. 
Dean Swamp, 221, 528. 
Densniore, Margraret, 174. 
Densmore, Samuel, 174, 183. 
Deramus, Anne, wife of John, 

126. 
Deramus, Anne, wife of Joseph, 

131, 147, 152, 165, 170, 175, 184, 

192. 
Deramus, (.'atharina, 131. 
Deramus, Joseph, 108, 131, 147, 

152, 165, 170, 184, 187, 192. 
Deramus, John, 126. 
Deramus, Mary Cartharina, 152. 
Deruraseux, Daniel, 110. 
DeSaussure, Lieut., 364, 387. 
DeWitt, Joseph, 174. 
DeWitt, Mary, 174. 
DeWitt, William, 182. 
DeWitt, William, son of Josejih, 

174. 
Dickert, Michael, 249, 265. 
Dicks, John, 249. 
Diebuebdin, Agnes, 98, 106. 
Diedrick, Anna, 101, 120, 132, 154. 
Diedrick, Anna Maria Margretta, 

100. 
Diedrick, Barbara, 95, 99, 108. 
Diedrick, Hans (John), Jr., 28, 

96. 
Diedrick, Johannes, 100. 
Diedrick, John, 30, 95, 96, 98, 209. 
Diedrick, Margaret, 175. 
Diel, Anna, 96, 99, 108. 
Diel, Catharina, 125, 214. 
Dill, Catharine, 200. 
Dill, Nicholas, 164, 215. 
Dirr (Durr), Anna Maria, 94, 133. 
Dirr, Hans Ulrick, 165. 
Dirr, Jacob, 119. 



Dirr, Katharine, 180. 

Dirr, Margaret, 178. 

Dirr, Mary, 136, 144, 152, 165. 

Dirr, Nicolas, 94, 128, 133, 136, 143, 

144, 152, 165, 202, 213. 
Dirr, Peter, 178, 180. 
Dirr, Theodor, 136. 
Dolch, Johannes, 98. 
Domin, Hans, 96. 
Donaldson, John, 280, 243, 386-88, 

425, 429, 464. 
Drechsler, George, 180. 
Dreher (Dreyer, Drier, Drehr), 

Godfrey, 227, 237, 258, 269, 272. 
Dubois, Samuel, 275-6, 278. 
Duboy, Mary, 188. 
Dukes, A. L., 24. 
Dukes (Duke), Barbara, 155, 175, 

189. 
Dukes, George Alexander, 155. 
Dukes, John H., 24. 
Dukes, Josepii, 155, 175. 
Dukes, Joseph, 114, 127, 136, 138, 

189. 
Dukes, Margaret, 127, 138. 
Dukes, Rebecca, 189. 
Dukes, Sarah, 138. 
Dukes, Susannali, 175. 
Dukes, Thomas, 127. 
Dukes, William, 34. 
Dunklin, Joseph, 271. 
DuPuis, Abraham, 173, 204. 
DuPuis, John Jacob, 173. 
DuPuis, Susannah, 173, 204-5. 
Durberville, Mary, 171. 
Durberville, William, 171. 
"Durham", 485. 
Dutaniue, Louis, 280, 28S, 291, 

387-8. 
Eberhardt, Anna Maria, 103, 129. 
Eberhardt, Benjamin, 150. 
Eberhardt, Dorcas, 150. 
Eberhardt, Isabel, 150. 
Eberliardt, I. P. H., 103. 
Eberliardt, Jacob, 129. 
Eberhardt, Mary (1), 147, 184. 



INDEX 



547 



Eberhardt, Mary (2), 147, 

Eberhardt, Thomas, 103, 129. 

Eberhardt, William, 184. 

Eherly, Anna [I), 102, 141. 

Eberiy, Anna (2), 102. 

Eberly, John, 102, 110, 116, 141. 

Eberiy, Susannah, 141. 

Ebert, Anne, 136. 

Ebert, Gotlieb, 114, 136. 

Edisto Township, 2, 25, 27, 28. 

Edwards, John, 264. 

Edwards, Thomas, 156. 

Efird (Aifred), Benjamin, 159. 

Etird, Doreas, 159. 

Eflrd, John, 159. 

Egly, Barbara, 143, 148. 

Egly, Martin. 168, 171, 189. 

Egly, Zibilla Catharina, 171, 189. 

Elders, John, 128, 132, 207. 

Elders, Sarah, 207. 

Elerson, Elizabeth, 116, 137. 

Elerson, James, 116. 

Elliott, Barnard, 100, 257, 388, 

Ellison, Frances, 137, 

Ellison, Joseph, 137, 

Ellison, Robert, 137. 

Ernst, Anna Barbara, 112, 214. 

Ernst, Anthony, 107. 

Ernst, George Adam, 108, 112, 

Erwin, name, 90. 

Esom, John, 38''. 

Eutaw Springs, 284, 524. 

Evanee, Thomas, 388, 

Evans, John, 20. 

Evans, Joseph, 159, 

Evans, Josiah, 119, 152. 

Evans, Martha, 122, 124, 152. 

Evans, Mary, 159. 

Evans, Powel, 122. 

Evans, William (1), 122, 124, 125. 

Evans, William, 122. 

Even, Dina, 110. 

Everleigh, Nicholas, 388. 

Evinger, Adam, 152, 176. 

Evinger, Ann Margaret, 152, 176. 

Evinger, George Lewis, 176. 



Evinger, Joseph, 152. 

Fair, James, 276. 

Fairchild, John, 97, 218, 227, 228, 
248, 249, 265. 

Fairy, Christina, 132, 

Fairy, James, 132, 

Fairy, John, 107, 114, 132. 

Farles, Thomas, 182. 

Farrar, Benjamin, 8, 219, 248, 257, 
258, 260, 265. 

Farrar, Capt. Field, 364, 386. 

Faure, Anne, 167. 

Faure, Patience, 103. 

Faure, Peter, 130, 133, 135, 138, 
166, 167, 180, 187. 

Faure, Sarah, 130, 133, 138, 167, 

Faust, Ann Mary, 101, 102, 214, 

Faust, Burril, 159, 

Faust, Caspar, 159, 211. 

Faust, Christian, 101, 

Faust, Eugenia, 103, 

Faust, Henry, 101, 102, 

Faust, Henry (2), 102. 

Faust, Jacob, 215. 

Faust, John, 186, 215, 

Faust, Naomy, 159, 

Felder, Abraham, 170, 

Felder, Frederick, 141, 

Felder, Henry or Hans Henry, 
30, 105, 107," 114, 118, 119, 130, 
131, 133, 136, 141, 145, 151, 155-6, 
158, 160, 170-71, 177, 182, 185, 
188-9, 193, 215, 248-9, 258, 272, 

Felder, Henry (2), 11, 105, 472, 
486-89. 

Felder, John, 130. 

Felder, Mary Elizabeth, 105, 130, 
131, 136, 141, 145, 151, 155, 160, 
161, 170, 177, 182, 185, 215. 

Felder, Col. Paul S,, 487, 

Felder, Peter, 185, 

Felder, Samuel, 155, 

Ferstner, Ann Mary, 130, 

Ferstner (Festner), John Henry, 
128. 



548 



INDEX 



Ferstner, Jo-epli, 126, 12S, 139, 

145, 172. 
Ferstner, Mary, 128, 139. 
Fichtiier, Elizabeth, 115. 
Fichtner, Margaret, 119, 143. 
Fichtner, Theodoris, 136, 163, 183. 
Finlay, Jacob, 265. 
First Baptist Church, 65. 
Fitcli, John, 110. 
Fitz, Jolin, 103. 
Fitzpatrick, Agnesia, 128, 144, 165, 

177, 181, 192. 
Fitzpatrick, Garret, 128, 133, 142, 

144, 165, 177, 181, 192, 269, 272. 
Fitzpatrick, Garret (2), 144, 165. 
Fitzpatrick, Helena, 192. 
Fitzpatrick, Jacob, 177. 
Fitzpatrick, Mary, 193. 
Fitzpatrick, William, 128, 387. 
Fludd, Frances, 186. 
Fludd, James, 186. 
Fludd (Flood), Katherine, 179, 

186. 
Fludd, Margaret, 119. 
Fludd, Mary, 186. 
Fludd (Flood), Sarah, 111. 
Fludd, William, 4, 8, 186, 260. 
Fluhbacker, Veronica, 96. 
Flutt, George, 110. 
Fort Motte, 24, 379. 
Fort St. John's, 21. 
Fort Sullivan, 349, 352, 371, 372, 

375. 
Fort, Thomas, 103. 
Fouquett, Ann Mary, 128, 180. 
Fouquett, Marion, 154, 169. 
Fouquett, John, 128, 139, 154, 169, 

180. 
Fowles, Jas. H., 485. 
Fox, George, 172. 
Fox, Jane, 154. 
Fox, Mary, 130, 154. 
Fox, Rebecca, 130. 
Fox, Samuel, 130, 154. 
Fox, Willoughby, 130, 150, 172, 

174. 



Frances, Elizabeth, 132.' 
Frank, Jacol), 111. 
Eraser, Alexander, 140. 
Fraser, Mary, 140. 
Frauenfaederin, Anna, 98, 100. 
Frederick, Andrew, 11, 38, 151, 

101, 178, 188. 
Frederick, Hans Peter, 161. 
Frederick, Jacob, 17S. 
Frederick, Margaret, 161, 178, 188 

(Maria). 
Freeman, George, 230, 
Friday (Fridig, Freydigs, Friger), 

David, 237, 272. 
Friday, Hans George, 126, 195. 
Friday, Hans, 96. 
Friday, Henry, 98. 
Friday, Jacob, 98. 
Friday, Jacob, Jr., 207, 237. 
Friday, J. P. H., 95. 
Friday, Johannes, son of John, 

Jr., 140. 
Friday, John, Sr., 112, 117, 126, 

136, 140, 151, 152, 207, 209, 214. 
Friday, .John, Jr., 30, 112, 115, 117, 

129, 133, 136, 147, 152-3, 157, 160, 

167, 170, 173, 195, 199, 200, 213, 

251. 
Friday, Margretta, 99. 
Friday, Martin, 22-5, 234. 
Friday, Mary Elizabeth, 173, 200. 
Friday, Susannah, 126, 136, 140, 

147, 152, 153, 157, 160, 173, 195, 

200. 
Friday, Verona, 99. 
Frierson, George, 273. 
Frierson, Philip, 272, 273. 
Fritchman, Elizabeth, 113. 
Fritchman, John, 112. 124, 149, 

153, 157, 163. 
Fritchman, M., 109. 
Frittstein, John, 99. 
Fritz, Elizabeth, 122. 
Fritz, Naomy (1), 122. 
Fritz, Naomy (2), 122. 
PYitz, Nicolas, 122. 



INDEX 



549 



Frogat, Adin, 97, 113, 123. 
Frolich, Adam, 156, 171, 207. 
Frolich, Barbara, 156, 171, 177, 

179, 207. 
Frolich, Barbara (2), 171, 207. 
Frolich, Henry, 156. 
Fry, Caspar, 71. 
Fry. Catharine, 115. 
Fund (Pfiind), Ann, 108. 
Fund, Barbara, 30, 107, 131. 
Fund, Catharina, 107. 
Fund, Jacob, 184, 189. 
Fund, Mary, 189. 
Funtzius (Funtius, Pfuntius), 

Catharina, 139, 154, 180. 
Funtzius, Elizabeth, 170. 
Funtzius, Zibilla, 142. 
Fuster, Barbara, 94. 
Fuster, Elizabeth, 107. 
Fuster, Johannes, 94, 96. 
Fuster, John, 107. 
Fuster, iSalotue, 107. 
Fuster, Sirrah, 107. 
Futchman, Michael, 213. 
Gaillard, Tacitus, 3, 4, 6, 8, 233, 

247-8, 251-5, 257-8, 260, 265, 284. 
Gallier, John Casper, 70. 
Gallman, Henry, 33, 111, 226-7, 

234. 
Gallman, John, 226, 234. 
Gandy, Samuel, 110. 
Gant, Joseph, 181, 
Gant, Rachel, 163. 
Gant, Rebecca, 109. 
Gardner, John, 132. 
Garick, Adam, 467. 
Garick (Carick), George Ulrickt 

134. 
Gartman, Barbara, 97, 108. 
Gaston, Lieut. Robert, 364, 387. 
Gatz, George, 107. 
Geiger. Abraham, 71, 82-3. 
Geiger, Ann Barbara, 107. 
Geiger, (^apt., 436. 
Geiger, Herrman, 71, 111, 122, 
233-4. 



Geiger, John, 235. 

Geiger, John, Casper, 71. 

Geiger. John Conrade, 227. 

Geiger, John Jacob, 71, 107, 141. 

Geiger, Margaret, 141, 166. 

Geiger, William, 271, 276. 

Geltzer, Daniel, 101. 

Genney, Lieut. C. M., 387, 463. 

Gibbes's Pond, 224, 225. 

Gibson, Edward, 98, 109. 

Gibson, Elizabeth, 159-60. 

Gibson, Erasmus, 467. 

Gibson, Eugenia, 150. 

Gibson, Gilbert, 159, 410, 416. 

Gibson, Hopert, 122. 

Gibson, John, 119, 154, 171, 174. 

Gibson, Josias, 122. 

Gibson, Margaret, 171, 174. 

Gibson, Martha, 171. 

Gibson, Mary, 122. 

Gibson, Sarah, 159. 

Giegelman, Ann Elizabeth, 122, 

126-7, 141, 165, 169, 174, 184. 
Giegelman, Anne Margaret, 190. 
Giegelman, Hans (John), 107, 126, 

127, 141, 150, 162, 165, 169, 173-4, 

184. 
Giegelman, Jacob, 126, 150, 169, 

174, 184, 190. 
Giegelman, Jacob (2), 190. 
(Tiegelinan, Mary Elizabeth, 174. 
Giessendanner, Agnes, 103, 106, 

114, 124, 213. 
Giessendanner, Antia, 187. 
Giessendanner, Ann, 194. 
Giessendanner, Barbara, wife of 

Rev. John, 101, 104-6, 129, 134, 

140, 156, 162, 171, 183, 185, 187-8, 

190-91, 200, 206, 214. 
Giessendanner, Barbara, wife of 

Henry (1), 102. 
Giessendanner, Daniel, 194. 
Giessendanner, Elizabeth, sister 

of Rev. John, 60. 
Giessendanner, Elizabeth, daugh- 
ter of Henry (1), 102, 120, 191. 



550 



INDEX 



Giessendauner, Elizal)eth, daugh- 
ter of Henry (2), 194. 

Giessendanner, Elizabeth, daugh- 
ter of Daniel, 194. 

Giessendanner, Elizabetli, wife of 
Henry (2), 194. 

Giessendanner, George (1), 60, 98, 
105, 126, 145, 160, 177, 213, 215. 

Giessendanner, George, Jr., 105-6, 
113, 114, 124-6, 128. 

Giessendanner, George, son of 
Rev. John, 206. 

Giessendanner, Henry (1), 102. 

Giessendanner, Henry (2), son of 
Rev. John, 59, 91-2, 101, 120, 
194, 224. 

Giessendanner, Jac*ol>, 30, 98, 103- 
5, 115, 119, 129-30, 141, 156-7, 
161-2, 166, 178, 185, 209-10, 215, 
233. 

Giessendanner, Johannes, 104. 

Giessendanner, Rev. John Uh'icii, 
30, 35, 39, 41, 43-4, 46, 47-8, 56, 
58, 62, 83, 92-5. 

Giessendanner, Rev. John (John 
Ulriclv, Ulriclc), 23, 30, 31, 35-7, 
39, 41, 44-5, 48-50, 53-60, 62-3, 
65-8, 83, 91-3, 95, 104-6, 110-11, 
156-7, 162, 165, 168, 171, 182-3, 
185, 187-94, 197, 200, 206, 213, 
216, 226, 233, 237. 

Giessendanner record, the, 29-32, 
34-5, 41, 43-4, 47, 59, 60, 63, 65-7, 
83, 88-9, 91-216, 237. 

Giessendanner, Susannah Barba- 
ra, 129, 138, 145, 150, 160, 163-4, 
166, 170, 174. 

Giessendanner, Susannah, dangli- 
ter of Rev. John, 134, 200. 

Giessendanner, Susannali (2), 
daughter of Rev. Jolin 156. 

Giessendanner, Ursula, 115, 214. 

Giles, John, 438. 

Gill, James, 231. 

Gill, Mary, 150. 

Ginnoway, Ann, 123. 



Gisburne Parish, 29. 

Gleaton, Isaac, 127. 

Glover, Judge T. W., 64, 229. 

Golson, Elizabeth, 160, 173, 181, 

183, 217. 
Golson, John Cas|)ar, 160. 
Golson, John Lewis, 183. 
Golson, Lewis, 115-16, 154, 160, 

172-3, 181, 183, 190, 217-18, 226, 

247-9. 258, 265, 272, 275, 307, 431), 

436, 468. 
Golson, Lewis (2), 473, 4S1-2. 
Godfrey, Mary, 110. 
Golphin, George, 462. 
Good, Elizabeth, 123. 
Good by, Sirrah, 109. 
Goodwyn, Robert, 250, 279, 282, 

290, 293, 305, 343, 366, 386, 388, 

390, 397-8, 400, 406, 424. 
Goodwyn, Uriah, 12, 305-6. 
Goodwyn, William, 317, 366, 387. 
Gossling, Anne, 181. 
Gossling, Elizabeth (1), 125. 
Gossling, Elizabeth (2), 125. 
Gossling, George, 125. 
Gossling, Robert, 113, 123, 125, 

138, 181. 
Gould, or Cloud, Mrs. Mary, 

234-5. 
Govan, Andrew (1 ), 8, 33, 174, 182, 

187. 
Govan, Donald, 32. 
Govan, Eliza, 32. 
Govan, John, 4, 33, 247. 
Govan, Rachel, 182, 187. 
Gramling, Mrs. Caroline, 66. 
Granby, 265, 274, 282, 284, 287, 510. 
Grant, Frances, 185. 
Grant, James, 185. 
Grant, Rebecca, 185. 
Gray, William, 110. 
Gredig, Julius, 71. 
Greene, Gen., 366, 381, 510-526. 
Green, Henry, 317. 
Green, Thomas, 248, 251, 332. 
Greiter, Joseph, 96. 



INDEX 



551 



Griffeii, Absjiloiu, 135. 

Griften, Aji:nes, 135, 139, 

Griffen, Choice, 135. 

( T rifle n, Jesse, 407. 

Griffen, John, 135, 139. 

Griften, Mary, 139. 

Griftitli (Griettbiis, Griffbrs, Grif- 

fice), Abraham, 174. 
Griffith, Ann Margaret, 127. 
(Griffith, Ann, 103, 123, 127-9, 142, 

148, 158, 166, 197. 
Griffith, Catharine, 197. 
Griffith, David, 111. 
Griffith, John, 149. 

Griffith, Joseph, 103, 111-13, 123, 
127-8, 132-4, 139, 149, 153-4, 164, 
167, 172, 174, 186, 198. 

Griffitii, Margaret, 103, 134, 139, 

149, 154, 164, 167, 174, 186, 198. 
Griffith, Mary (1), 123, 133. 
Griffith, Mary (2), 123. 
Griffith, Peter, 97, 103, 108, 111, 

127, 129, 134, 142. 148-9, 158, 160, 

166, 172, 197. 
Griffith, ISanuiel, 103. 
Griffith, William, 134, 198. 
Grinnii, Susannali, 108. 
Grimlock, Thomas, 147. 
Grissert, Kilian, 185. 
Grossman, John, 116. 
Gulgnard, iSnsan Richardson, 465. 
Gumble, Thomas, 140. 
Guphill, Ann, 191. 
Guphill, Edward, 191. 
Guphill, Elizabeth, 191. 
Guphill, William, 191. 
Gusseand, John, 105. 
Gussert, Killian, 211. 
Hagin, Anna Maria, 110. 
Hagood, Gen. Johnson, 90. 
Haig, Elizabeth, 63, 122-3. 
Haig, George, 23, 25, 28-9. 
Haig, James, 275. 
Haig, John James, 254, 386, 456. 
Haigler, Joanna, 155, 175. 
Haigler, Jacob, 155, 175. 



Haigler (Hegler), John Freder- 
ick, 155. 

Hails, Eleanor, 148. 

Hails, Robert, 148. 

Hails, Thomas, 148, 171. 

Hainsworth, Elizabeth, 193. 

Hainsworth, Maria, 193. 

Hainsworth, Richard, 193. 

Hales, George, 230-31, 233, 246. 

Hall, David," 117-19, 143. 

Hamilton, John, 96-7, 107, 251. 

Hamilton, Mary, 186. 

Hampton, Henry, 276. 

Hampton, Wade, 277. 

Handasyd, Joim, 150. 

Handshy, Mary, 96, 108. 

Hannicke, Caspar Andrery, 144 

Hannicke, John Christopher, 144. 

Hannicke, Sophia Elizabeth, 144. 

Hardman, Sirrah. 127. 

Harley, James. 66. 

Harris, Mary, 105. _ 

Harris (Harrys), William, 100. 

Harris, William (2), 100. ^ 

Harris, William (3), 105. 

Harrisperger, Anne Mary, 165. 

Harrisperger, Barbara, 175. 

Harrisperger, Elizabeth, 136, 139- 
40, 146, 153, 165, 173, 178. 

Harrisperger, John, 113, 125, 131, 
135-7, 139-40, 146, 153, 157, 163, 
165, 173, 177-78, 183, 202, 205-6, 
272. 

Harrisperger, Rudolph, 149, 157. 
161, 165, 166, 205. 

Harson, William, 220. 

Hart, Derrill, 387, 459. 

Hart, Sarah, 138, 171. 

Hart, Stephen, 171. 

Hart, William, 113, 138, 171. 

Hartel, Anne, 159. 

Hartel, Henry, 159. 

Hartzog, Anna Maria, 183. 

Hartzog, Anne Mary, 163, 168. 

Hartzog, Barnard, 119, 157, 163, 
168. 



552 



INDEX 



Hartzog, Eve Elizabeth, 146, 184, 

215. 
Hartzog, George, 290. 
Hartzog, John Theodore, 163, 
Hartzog, Mary Bai'bara, 190. 
Hartzog, Mary, 193. 
Hartzog, Tobias, 193. 
Hasford, Abraiiani, 127, 152, 164, 

167, 175. 
Hasford, Barbara, 99, 100. 
Hasford, Elizabeth, 98, 109. 
Hasford, Joseph, 96, 98. 
Hasford, Richard, 95-7, 100, 108. 
Haskell, A. V., 388, 465. 
Haskell, Mrs. Charlotte, 381. 
Hatcher, Ann, 124. 
Hatcher, Barbara, 28. 
Hatcher, Frances, 149. 
Hatclier, Mary, 149. 
Hatcher, Rachel, 118. 
Hatcher, Seth, 32, 124, 132, 149, 

177, 202. 
Hatcher, Setli (2), 177. 
Hatcher, 8irrah, 107. 
Hatcher, Susannah, 124, 149, 177. 
Hauscig, Henry, 99, 100-1. 
Hauscig, Margaretta, 99, 100. 
Hawskin, Mrs., 178. 
Hayge, Charite, 19, 20. 
Haym (Heym), Barbara, 97, 104, 

108, 129. 
Hayni, Henry, 30, 102, 112-13, 129, 

144, 156, 207, 211, 214. 
Hayner, Eve Elizabeth, 158, 168, 

173, 176, 184. 
Hayner, John George, 119, 158, 

162, 168, 173, 176, 184. 
Hayner, John George (2), 168. 
Hayner, Margaret, 176. 
Hay, Mary, 150. 
Hay, William, 150. 
Hearn, John, 24-28, 55, 96-7, 246. 
Heartley, Henry, 33. 
Heatly, Andrew, 193. 
Heatly, Charles (1), 20, 22-3, 232, 

246. 



Heatly, diaries (2), 121, 230, 281, 

290, 293, 385, 386, 388, 417, 424, 

428-9. 
Heatly, Elizabetli, 153. 
Heatly, James William (William, 

Jr. ) 128, 386-7. 
Heatly, Mary, wifeof Cliarles, 22. 
Heatly, Mary, daughter of Wil- 
liam, 137. 
Heatly, Mary Elizabeth, 121, 128, 

130," 137, i43, 153, 180-81, 184. 

193. 
Heatly, Rachel, 181. 
Heatly, Richard, 22. 
Heatly, William, 4, 8, 22, 33, 63, 

121,' 128, 130, 137, 143, 148, 153, 

180-81, 184, 193, 230, 269, 273, 

368. 
Heckler, Anna Mary, 116. 
Heinein, Barbara, 98. 
Heller, Ann, 145. 
Heller, Esther, 145. 
Heller, John, 115, 129-30, 145, 148, 

157. 
Hent, David, 79. 
Hepperditzel, Susannah, 32, 9S, 

106. 
Hergersperger, Anna Barbara, 95, 

108. 
Herlong (Herlan), Jacob (1), 143, 

165, 173, 185-6, 203. 
Herlong, Jacob (2), 143. 
Herlong, Johannes, 185-6. 
Herlong, Mary Catharina, 203. 
Herlong, Mary Susannah, 143, 

165, 173, 186, 203. 
Herlong, Susannah, 165. 
Hertel, Henry, 33. 
Herter (Hirter), Eve Catliarina, 

158, 178. 
Herter, John Nicholas, 215. 
Hessy (Hesse), Anna Catharina, 

102, 154, 162, 187. 
Hessy, Catharina, 130, 140-41, 145, 

148, 152, 181, 195. 
Hessy, Christina, 111. 



INDEX 



553 



Hessy, Elizabeth, 208, 214. 
Hessy, Georf?e, 102, 119, 144, 158-4, 

162, 187. 
Hessy, Hans George Henry, 97, 

108, 111, 180, 132, 140-41, 145, 

148, 152, 181, 195, 213. 
Hessy, Henry, 203. 
Hessy, Jacob, 148. 
Hessy, Johann Nicolas, 130, 195. 
Hessy, John, 102. 
Hessy, Joseph, 187. 
Hessy (Hessig), Margaret, 100. 
Hickie, Margaret, 123. 
Hickie, Rachel, 163. 
Hickie, Rachel (2), 181. 
Hickie, Rebecca, 123, 181. 
Hickie, William, 109, 123, 163, 181. 
Hickie, William (2), 163. 
Hill, Ann, 117. 
Hill, Sarah, 117. 
Hill, William, 275-6. 
Hirsch, Veronica, 215. 
Hodge, Sarah, 159. 
Hodge, Thomas, 159. 
Hodge, Thomas (2), 159. 
Hodges, Benjamin, 387. 
Hoeffertin, Barbara, 98. 
Hoff, Frederick, 173, 188. 
Hoggin, Verena, 115, 
Hoggs, Anna, 168, 182. 
Hoggs, Frederick, 168, 182. 
Holman, Conrad, 123, 126, 132-5, 

139, 144-5, 147, 169-70, 172-3, 183, 

227, 237. 
Holman, Mary Ann, 128, 126, 182- 

5, 139, 144-5, 169-70, 172-3, 183. 
Holman, Mary Ann (2), 139. 
Holmes, Ann, 110. 
Holmes, David, 249, 265. 
Holmes, Solomon, 122-3. 
Honig, Barbara, 99, 101. 
Hook, Barbara, 105. 
Hook, Magdalene, 105. 
Hook, Peter, 105. 
Hojie, Frances, 169. 
Hope, John, 169. 



Hope, Sarah, 169. 

Hopkins, David, 386-7, 398, 40">-6, 

44, 459. 
Hopton, William, 248. 
Horger, Barbara, 102. 
Horger, Catharine, married Hen- 
ry Stroman, 99, 107. 
Horger, Catharina (wife ofHenry, 

Jr.), 169, 176, 190. 
Horger, Catharina (2), 176. 
Horger, Henry, 30, 169, 211. 
Horger, Henry (2), 104, 115, 169, 

176, 190. 
Horger, Jacob, 105, 124, 169, 181, 

215. 
Horger, John, 157. 
Horger, John, son of Jacob, 181. 
Horger, Lovisia, 105, 124, 181, 215. 
Horger, Magdalene, 104, 113. 
Horger, Maria Magdalene, 169. 
Horger, Peter, 97, 99, 100, 101. 
Hormutt, Elizabeth, 116. 
Hossleiter, Ann Margaret, 145, 

161, 185, 203. 
Hossleiter, (Christina, 215. 
Hossleiter, Hans Enjanuel, 145, 

203. 
Hossleiter, Hans Paul, 185. 
Hossleiter, John Martin, 145, 161, 

185, 208. 
Hossleiter, John Michael, 161, 

478. 
Housell, William, 249, 265. 
Houser, Andrew, 467. 
Houser, Elias, 227. 
Howell, Malachy, 159. 
Howell, Race, 159. 
Howell, Thomas, 159. 
Howell, William, 204. 
Huber, Agnes, 185, 215. 
Huber, Anna Barbara, 139, 144, 

153, 161, 170, 175, 180. 
Huber, Christian, 200. 
Huber, Dorothea, 94. 
Huber, Elizabeth, 142, 144, 205. 
Huber, Hans, 98, 200, 204, 214. 



554 



INDEX 



Huber, Johannes, 94. 

Huber, John Coiu'ad, 144. 

Huber, John Frederick (Fred- 
rick), 112, 116, 119, 131, 139, 141, 
143, 144, lo], 153, 161, 170, 173, 
175, 180, 183, 185, 187, 191. 

Huber, Joseph, 103, 114, 142, 144, 
152, 188, 205, 214. 

Huber, JuHana, 144. 

Huber, Magdalena, 110. 

Huber, Magdalene, 109. 

Huber, Margaret, 188. 

Huber, Rosina, 144. 

Huber, Susannah, 105, 214, 214. 

Hudson, Samuel, 109. 

Hueden, Barbara, 98. 

Huger, Isaac, 252-3, 340, 361-3, 
388, 456, 466-7. 

Hugin, Anna, 98. 

Hugin, Theodore, 98. 

Hugg, Anna, 151, 154, 156, 162. 

Hugg, Barbara, 59, 101, 105. 

Hugg, Magdalene, 143, 203, 214. 

Hugg, Peter, 30, 105, 124, 194, 203. 

Humphries, Ralph, 258, 260, 265, 
274, 276. 

Hungerpiller, Bernhard David, 
138. 

Hungerpiller, Catharina Marga- 
ret, 154. 

Hungerpiller, Christina Barbara, 
138, 155, 164, 173, 188. 

Hungerpiller, Conrad, 138, 154, 
164, 168, 173, 178, 181. 

Hungerpiller, Elizabeth, 138, 154, 
173, 178. 

Hungerpiller, Hans Barnard, 155. 

Hungerpiller, John Jacob, 138, 
155, 157, 164, 173, 188. 

Hungerpiller, John Jacob, son of 
Conrad, 173. 

Hungerpiller, Zibilla Catharina, 
138. 

Hutto, Anna, wife of Charles, 
104, 139, 143, 157-8, 175, 178, 
190-92, 197. 



Hutto, Anna, married Peter 

Grieffbus, 108. 
Hutto, Charies, 104, 108, 113, 127, 

139, 143, 157-8, 174-5, 17S, 189-92, 

197. 
Hutto, Charles (2), 158. 
Hutto, Henry, 135. 
Hutto, Jacob, 158, 164, 170, 183, 

1S9, 190, 215. 
Hotto, Isaac (1), 102, 116, 125, 127, 

129, 131, 135. 148, 160, 167, 175, 

197, 215. 
Hutto, Isaac (2), 127, 175. 
Hutto, John Henry, 139. 
Hutto, Margaret Barbara, 127, 

135, 143, 154. 
Hutto, Margaret, 190, 215. 
Hutto, Martin, 154. 
Hutto, Mary Catiiarina, 116, 129, 

131. 
Hutto, Peter, 103, 108, 127, 135, 

143, 154. 
Hutto, Sirrah, 108. 
Hutto, Susannah, 107. 
Hutto, Ulrick, son of Charles, 191. 
Hyde, Ann, 150. 
Iniboden, Catharina, 144. 
Imboden, Hans, 144, 189. 
Iniboden, Margaret (1), 189. 
Imboden, Margaret (2), 189. 
Imdoden, Peter, 218. 
Imboden, Ulrick, 144. 
Imdortr, Hans, 30, 96-7, 101, 104, 

107, 128, 143, 145, 149, 158, 160, 

204, 214. 
ImdorfF, Magdalena, 30, 102, 128. 

143, 149, 158, 204, 214. 
Imhoti; J. L. P., 280, 293, 314, 

386, 388, 418, 420, 424-5, 428-9. 
Tnabinet, Andrew, 108, 114, 12-5, 

195, 208. 
Inabinet, Baldhazar, 104. 
Inal>inet, Christian, 121. 
Inabinet, John, 97, 104, 108, 121, 

125-6, 129, 136, 143, 155, 160, 169, 

170, 177, 214. 



INDEX 



555 



Tnabinet, Margaret, 102, 104, 121, 
129, 143, 160. 169-70, 177. 

Tnabinet, Margaret (2), 143. 

Inabinet, Maria, 125, 215. 

Inabinet, Mary, 114, 121, 125, 187, 
214. 

Inabinet, Mary, wife of Andrew, 
208. 

Inabinet, Mary, daugliter of An- 
drew, 208. 

Inabinet, Peter, 177. 

Inabinet, Samuel, 129. 

Ininjliti, Agnes, 98. 

Izlar (Yssler), Jacob, 179. 

Jacl<son, Agnes, 193. 

Jackson, Anne, 170. 

Jackson, David, 112, 129, 139, 170. 

Jackson, David (2), 170. 

Jackson, John, 129. 

Jackson, Joseph, 131. 

Jackson, Lydia, 139. 

Jackson, Mary, 129, 131, 139, 170. 

Jackson, Miles, 97, 109. 

Jackson, Riciiard, 150. 

Jackson, Tliomas, 97. 

James, Francis, 153. 

James, Mary, 153. 

James, Patty, 153. 

Jamison, Dr. V. de V., 38. 

Jamison, Capt. V. de V., 68. 

Jamison, Gen. D. F., 59, 68, 475. 

Jenkins, Ann, 114. 

Jennings, Barbara, 122, 124, 130, 
137, 141, 143, 152, 164, 166, 174, 
185-7, 213. 

Jennings, Elizabeth, 105, 129, 137, 
152-3, 164. 

.lennings, or Zanini, Gideon, 31, 
195, 202, 214. 

Jennings, Gideon (2), 137. 

Jennings, John, 31, 96, 105, 120, 
122, 124, 130, 134, 137, 141, 143, 
152, 164, 166, 174, 185-7, 274. 

Jennings, Margaret, 164. 

Jennings, Phillip, 31, 98, 105, 109, 
129, 137, 152-3, 156, 164, 188. 



Jennings, Ursetta, 109. 
Jennings, or Zanini, Ursula, 31, 

202. 
.lohnson, Hannah, 189. 
Johnson, John, 193. ^-^ 
Johnson, Jonathan, y89, 
Jones, Anne, 165, 184. 
Jones, Elizabeth, 133. 
Jones, Esther, 104, 113, 123. 
Jones, Eugenia (1), 103, 105. 
Jones, Eugenia (2), 103. 
Jones, Hannah, 103. 
Jones, Henry, 104. 
Jones, John (1), 100, 103-4, 113, 

123. 
Jones, John, son of John, 100. 
Jones, John, son of Thfmias, 105. 
Jones, Joseph, 103. 
Jones, Mary, 123. 
Jones, Samuel P., 64. 
Jones, Thomas, 98, 103, 105, 109. 
Jones, Thomas (2), 103. 
Jordon, Henry, 166, 188. 
Jordon, Mary, 166. 
Jordon, Mary (2), 166. 
Joyner, Agnes, 132, 191. 
.Joyner, (,'harles, 135. 
Joyner, Elizabeth, 132. 
Joyner, Faithful, 132. 
Joyner, John, Jr., 119. 
Joyner, John, son of John and 

Miles, 131. 
Joyner, Joseph, 97, 109, 131-2. 
Joyner, Mary Ann, 155. 
Joyner, Mary, 98, 109. 
Joyner, Miles, 131. 
Joyner, Nathan, 98, 109, 135, 155. 
Joyner, Samuel, 132. 
Joyner, Thomas, 95, 108, 132. 
Joyner, Winifred, 132, 135, 155. 
Jubb, Ann Margaret, 166. 
Jul)b, Elizabeth, 140. 
Jubb, Eva Catharina, 127, 140, 

149, 166, 189. 
Jubb, John, 107, 127, 140, 149, 166, 

189. 



556 



INDEX 



Jubb, Susannah, 189. 

Juhb, William, 127, 

Justus, Viilentia, 97. 

Kaiglor, Andrew, 271. 

Kannady, John, 110. 

Kaun, Henry, 137. 

Kays, Anna, 178. 

Kays, Elizabeth, 215. 

Kays, John, 137, 153. 

Kearn, Jacob, 161. 

Keller, Ann Mary, 147. 

Keller, Christopher, 147. 

Keller, Mathias, 96, 102, 108. 

Kelly, Daniel, 230, 272. 

Kelly, Gersham, 230. 

Kelly, John, 146. 

Kelly, Margaret, 146. 

Kelly, Samuel, 228. 

Kenmiler, Anna Margaret, 192-3. 

Kemmler, Anna Maria, 167. 

Kemmler, Ann Mary, 147. 

Kemmler, Christopher, 147. 

Kemmler, Hans Henry, 165. 

Kemmler, Hans Michael, 147. 

Kemmler, Henry, 167. 

Kemmler, Margaret, 165, 181, 

192-3. 
Kemmler, Martin, 165, 181, 192-3. 
Ken nelly, Thomas, 249. 
Kern, Catharina Elizabeth, 141, 

151, 157, 160, 164, 175. 
Kern, Elizabeth Barbara, 160. 
Kern, John Frederick, 175. 
Kern, Lewis, 116, 141, 151, 154, 157, 

160, '164, 175. 
Kern, Mary Elizabeth, 141. 
Kershaw, Eli, 279, 287, 293, 301, 

332, 386, 388, 390, 392, 397-S. 400, 

406, 424, 439, 450. 
Kesebirnger, Anna B , 95. 
Kesselringer, Anna Barbara, 100. 
Keyser, Eva Catharina, 119. 
King, George, 257-8, 269, 272. 
King, Mary, 111. 
Kinsler, (Kuntzler, Kensalow), 

Caspar, 71. 



Kinsler, Conrad, 71. 

Kinsler, John, 265. 

Kinsman, Samuel, 21. 

Kirchner, Ann, 141. 

Kirchner, Eberhardt, 141. 

Kirrel, C'hristopher, 147. 

Kirrel, Mary Margaret (Magda- 
lene), 147. 

Kirrel, Michael, 147. 

Kitchen, Barbara, 210. 

Kitchin, Charles, 109. 

Kitchin, John, 107. 

Kitelman, John, 206. 

Kitelman, Mary Catharina, 206. 

Knight, James, 486. 

Knobel,Elizabeth, 143,152,168,188. 

Knobel, George Frederick, 115, 
143, 152, 168, 183. 

Knobel, John Martin, 168. 

Knobel, Margaret Barbara, 143. 

Knobel, Maria Regina, 152. 

Koch (Cook), Ann, 127, 137, 198. 

Koch, Hans Heinrich, 127, 198. 

Koch, Johannes, 137. 

Koch, Joseph, 127, 137, 144, 198. 

Koch, Maria (1), 102. 

Koch, Maria (2), 102, 

Kock, Regula, 105, 108. 

Koenig, Margaret, 100, 145. 

Koone, Anna, 14»5. 

Koone, Henry, 145. 

Koone, Margaret, 145. 

Kooner, (Kuhner, Kuhnen, Kur- 
ner, Koonen, Cooner), Anna 
Catharina, 146, 156, 179. 

Kooner, Anna, 175, 215. 

Kooner, Anna, wife of Jacob, Sr., 
138, 157. 

Kooner, Anne, daughter of Fran- 
cis, 162. 

Kooner, Barbara, 205. 

Kooner, Catharina, 122, 134, 157. 

165, 175, 184, 187-8, 202, 211. 
Kooner, Francis, 98, 103, 141, 149, 
151, 154, 162, 175, 184-5, 187-8, 
203, 211, 214. 



INDEX 



557 



Kooner, George Jacob, "116, 146, 

156, 179. 

Kooner, Hans George, 184. 
Kooner, Hans Jacob, 134, 202, 138. 
Kooner, Jacob, Sr., 30, 97, 104, 

149, 151, 157, 196, 201. 
Kooner, Jacob (2), 110, 134, 148, 

157, 162, 165, 175, 184, 187-8, 202, 
214. 

Kooner, Jacob, son of Francis, 

151, 203. 
Kooner (Kooney), Jacob, 120, 

217. 
Kooner, Margaret, 157. 
Kooner, Martin, 30, 98, 109-10, 202, 

205, 207. 
Kooner, Mary, 151, 154, 162, 184, 

185, 187, 203. 
Kooner, Regina, 196, 214. 
Kotgen, Christina Barbara, 104. 
Kotgen, Christina, 104. 
Kotgen, George, 104. 
Kramer, Christina, 159. 
Kramer, Lewis, 159. 
Kramer, Peter, 159. 
Kranich, Anne Mary, 162. 
Kranieh, John Peter, 162. 
Kranick, John Valentia, 116, 162, 

174. 
Kranick (Cronich),VaIentine,218. 
Krichen, Regina, 99, 101. 
Kubler, George, 218. 
Kuhn, Anna Barbara, 195. 
Kuhn, Anna Maria, 153, 164, 172, 

175, 188. 
Kuhn, Caspar, 112-13, 153, 164, 

172-3, 175, 188, 195. 
Kuhn, Jacob, 95. 
Kuhn, John Adam, 153. 
Kuhn, John Conrad, 164. 
Kuhn, John Lewis, 172. 
Laehryig, Margretta, 100. 
Laessig, Anna Barbara, 100. 
Lammons, Francis, 110. 
Lamnion, Robert, 113. 
Lane, John, 159. 



Lane, Mary, 159, 

Lane, Sarah, 159. 

Lap, Elizabeth, 123, 133. 

La Puis, Abraham, 144. 

La Puis, Abraham (2), 144. 

La Puis, Susannah, 144. 

Larey (Larry), Daniel, 91. 

Larey, Magdalena, 104. 

Larey, Margaret, 107, 129, 136-7, 

158. 
Larey, Margaret (2), 122. 
Larey, Margaret (3), 197. 
Larey, Mrs. Mary, 91, 120. 
Larey, Michael, 97, 108, 114, 116, 

124, 127, 133, 147, 156, 170, 172, 

197, 208, 214. 
Larey, Michael (2), 133. 
Larey, Nicholas, 122. 
Larey, Peter, 129, 134, 136-7, 151, 

158. 
Larey, Regel, Regula, or Rachel, 

104-5, 122, 124, 127, 133, 147, 156, 

172, 197. 
Larkius, Margaret, 119. 
Larrywecht, Ann Catharina, 116. 
Lebennder, Ann Catharina, 139. 
Lebennder, AppoUonia, 139, 161, 

173. 
Lebennder, Barnard, 139, 161, 169- 

70, 173. 
Lebennder, John, 173. 
Lebennder, Mary Elizabeth, 161. 
Lee, Col. Henry, 379, 511, 518, 

523-4. 
Lee, John, 249. 
Leitner, Michael, 237, 265, 268, 

278. 
Leslie, James, 249. 
Leviston, Esther, 150. 
Leviston, Hugh, 150. 
Lewis, David, 156. 
Lewis, Esther, 156. 
Lewis, James, 113, 156. 
Leysaht, Joliannes, 140. 
Leysaht, John William, 115-16. 

134-5, 138-40. 



558 



INDEX 



Leysaht, Ursula. 134, 140, 188. 
Linder, Daniel, 117, 152, l«J6-7, 

182. 
Linder, Daniel (2), 152. 
Linder, Elizabeth, 100, 166. 
Linder, Lewis, 30, 100, 114, 116, 

120, 140-1, 151-2, 159, 206. 
Linder, Mary, 114. 
Linder, Mary Magdalene, 140-41, 

152. 
Linder, Samuel, 166. 
Linder, Sarah, 152, 166-7, 182. 
Linder, Susannah, 182. 
Linsey (Lindsay), Barnard, 182. 
Linsey, C'harles, 182. 
Linsey, Martha, 182. 
Little, William. 194. 
Liver, Jacob, 111. 
Lloyd, John, 118-19, 130, 137, 143, 

162, 172, 181, 185, 193, 218, 233. 
Lloyd, Joseph, 162. 
Lloyd, Rachel, 130, 137, 143, 162, 

172, 181, 185, 193. 
Lloyd, Rachel Elizabeth, 130. 
Logan, John, 137, 141. 
Looser, John Conrad, 147. 
Looser, Mary, 134. 
Looser, Mary Magdalene, 134, 

147. 
Looser, Michael, 134, 147. 
Lovelies, Anne, 171. 
Lovelies, Elizabeth, 171. 
Lovelies, Sarah, 171. 
Lovelies, Thomas, 171. 
Lucas, John, 60, 61, 63-4, 66, 68-9, 

91-2, 96, 193, 199. 
Lyons, Barbara, 104. 
Lyons, Joseph, 97, 108. 
Lywick, Thomas, 172. 
Maekey, Elizabeth, 117, 135. 
Marion, Gen. Francis, 511-13. 
Markis, Joseph, 112. 
Markly, Ann, 110. 
Markly, Aima Maria, 102. 
Markly, Rosina, 130, 145. 
Martin, Priscilla, 142. 



Martin, William, 63, 97, 114, 131, 

142, 155. 
Maskall, Lieut. (Capt.), 386-7, 

448. 
Maxwell, Margaret, 109. 
McCarthey, Jeremiah, 181. 
McCarthey, Rachel, 181. 
McCarthey, Randal, 181. 
McC'olloch, George, 177. 
MeColIoch, John, 177. 
McColloch, Lydia, 177. 
McCord, Alexander, 117. 
McCord, Charles, 140, 185. 
McCord, David, 185. 
McCord, Jonn, 23, 112, 114, 118-19, 

121, 130, 143, 169, 185, 250-51. 
McCord, Mary, 143. 
McCord, Russell P., 40. 
McCord, Sophinisba, 130, 143, 169, 

185. 
McCoy, Hugh, 196. 
McCrady, Gen. Edward, 529. 
McFarlen, Elizabeth, 168. 
McP'ashon, Thomas, 122. 
McGinis, Lieut., 387, 464-5. 
McGowan, Margaret, 171, 179. 
McGowan, Mary, 171, 176. 
McGowan, John, 171, 179. 
McGrae, Edward (1), 122. 
McGrae, Edward (2), 122. 
McGrae, Obedience, 122. 
McGrue, Alexander, 140, 150, 159. 
McGrue. Margaret, 140, 150, 159. 
McGrue, Mary, 140. 
McGrue, William, 140. 
Mclntire, Ann, 147. 
Mclntire, Duncan, 147, 165. 
McLennen, Ann Margaret, 117, 

139. 
McMichael, C. M., 471, 480. 
McMichael, Geoi-ge, 484-5. 
McMichael, Jack, 222. 
McMichael, Jacob, 471. 
McNichols, Catharina, 148. 
McNichols, Elizabeth, 148, 171. 
McNichols, Elizabeth (2), 171. 



INDEX 



559 



McNichols, George, 179. 
McNichol, John, 8, 251. 
McNichols, Margaret, 153. 
McNichols, William, 148, 171, 176, 

180. 
McQueen, Alexander, 388. 
McWilliams, John, 269, 223. 
Mecket, William, 113. 
Meckel, Anna, 129, 142, 149. 
Meckel, Hans Henry, 129. 
Meckel, William, 129, 142, 149. 
Mcetze, Rev. J. Y., 89. 
Megrew, Eugenia, 109. 
Mell, Anna Catharina, 215. 
Mell, Henry, 116-17, 139, 155, 172, 

174. 
Mell, Mary Catharina, 155, 172, 

174. 
Mercier, Elizabeth, 63, 140, 149, 

159, 163, 226, 231, 237. 
Mercier, Margaret, 140. 
Mercier, Peter, 140, 233. 
Merkly, David, 126, 130. 
Merrimans, James, 96. 
Merryan, Francis, 110. 
Michill, Plovvers, 110. 
Middepen, 221. 
Middleton, Charles, 12, 159. 
Middleton, Hannah, 111. 
Middleton, Hugh, 280, 312, 387-8. 
Middleton, John, 109. 
Middleton, William, 278. 
Mikell, Ephriam, 265. 
Miller, Angelia, 151. 
Miller, Anna, 178. 
Miller, Catharina (1), 136. 
Miller, Catharina (2), 136. 
Miller, Christopher, 116, 151. 
Miller, Emanuel, 114, 136, 146, 154, 

178, 208. 
Miller, Jacob, 20. 
Miller, John, 115, 136, 178. 
Miller, John, son of Emanuel, 136. 
Miller, John Frederick, 151. 
Miller, Magdalene, 154. 
Miller, Mary, 136, 154, 178. 



Millhouse, John, 228. 

Millis, Anne, 172. 

Millis, Eugenia, 156. 

Millis, Fanny, 178. 

Millis, John (1), 156, 172, 178. 

Millis, John (2), 156. 

Millis, Thomas, 172. 

Mills, John, 254. 

Milner, Benjamin, 158. 

Milner, Dorcas, 158, 191. 

Mineor, Emanuel, 118. 

Minnick, Christian, 4, 113, 135, 

153, 217, 227, 233, 237, 247. 
Minnick, Rebecca, 135, 138, 153. 
Minnick's Bridge, 226. 
Mintz, Anna Barbara 136, 151, 

167, 183-4, 209. 
Mintz, Hans Jacob, 183-4. 
Mintz, Johann Caspar, 136. 
Mintz, John, 143. 
Mintz, John Caspar, 136, 151, 167, 

183-4, 209. 
Mintz, John George Melchior, 167, 

207. 
Mintz, John Jacob, 151, 209. 
Mitchell, Ephriam, 249. 
Mitchell, John, 170, 193, 204. 
Mitchell, Lieut., 387, 414. 
Mitchell, Phibbe, 170, 204. 
Mitchell, Rebecca, 184. 
Mitchell, William, 158, 184. 
Mitchell, William (2), 170, 204. 
Monheim, Catharina, 158. 
Monheim, Christopher, 115, 155, 

158, 199. 
Monheim, Eve Catharina, 158. 
Montier, Lewis, 96, 108. 
Moor, Mary, 109. 
Moore, Col. James, 19. 
Moore, James, 271, 274. 
Moorer, Dorothy, 194. 
Moorer, Frederick, 186. 
Moorer, John, 150. 
Moorer, John Henry, 169. 
Moorer, Magdalene, 145, 150, 169, 

186. 



560 



INDEX 



. Moorer, Peter, 8r., 11, 30, 98, 150, 
162, 208. 

Moorer, Peter, Jr., 103, 107, 113, 
145, 150, 169, 186, 188, 191, 194. 

Morfi; Barbara, 113. 

Morff, Christiana, 193. 

Morfi; Felix, 129, 214. 

Morff, Hans Ulrick, 113, 129. 

Morff, Jacob, 111, 181, 193. 

Morff, Margaret, 129. 

Morris, William, 342. 

Morrison, ("atharina, 128. 

Morrison, John, 128, 147, 165. 

Morrison, Mary (1), 128, 147. 

Morrison, Mary (2), 147. 

Morys, Thomas, 96. 

Motte, Mnj. Christian, 24, 35-6, 
47, 53, 57, 94, 246-7. 

Motte, Elizabeth, 466. 

Motte, Jacob, 247. 

Motte, Rebecca, 24. 

Moultrie, Gen. William, 490—500. 

Murphy, Grace, 123. 

Murphy, Hugh, 123. 

Murphy, Mary, 123. 

Murphy, Rebecca, 95, 108. 

Murray, Isabel, 192. 

Murray, Margaret, 192. 

Murray, Thomas, 192. 

Murrowe, William, 66. 

Myers (Meyer, Myer), Anna Bar- 
bara, 94. 

Myers, Ann Margaret, 151, 155, 
193, 215. 

Myers, Ann, 142. 

Myers, Catherine, 96, 107. 

Myers, Christian, 94. 

Myers, Elizabeth, 146. 

Myers, Henry, 95, 

Myers, Johannes, 94. 

Myers, John, 30, 94, 142, 151, 155, 
175, 181, 186, 192. 

Myers, John (2), 99. 

Myers, John Frederick, 155, 175. 

Myers, John Jacob, 95, 99, 100. 

Myers, Margaret, 142, 175, 186, 192. 



Negely, Anna, 30, 154, 178, 205, 

214. 
Negely, Barbara, 154, 158. 
Negely, Caspar, 125, 143, KiO, 214. 
Negely, Catharina, 110. 
Negely, Hans, 127, 134. 142, 154. 
Negely, Margaret, 97, 102, 108. 
Negely, Mary, 108. 
Negely, Peter, 134, 142, 144. 
Nelson, Jared, 3, 275. 
Netnian, Lewis, 170, 180. 
Newton, James, 218. 
Newton, Jane, 180. 
Newton, John. 230. 
Newton, Rachel, 180. 
Newton, Thomas, 230. 
Nicks, Edward, 171. 
Nicks, .Tames, 183. 
Nicks, Judith, 18,3. 
Nicks, 8amuel, 183. 
Noe, Margaret, 167-8. 
Noe, Nicholas, 167-8. 
Nuffer, Christina, 146. 
Nuffer, Christopher, 146. 
O'Dom, Daniel, 467. 
Oflll, Elizabeth, 158. 
Ofill, John, 119, I.-.8. 
OtlU, John (2), 158. 
Ofill, William, 158. 
O'Hearn, John, 132. 
O'Hearn, Morris, 132. 
O'Hearn, Phibbe, 132. 
Oisins, Lucretia, 174. 
Oisins, Lydia, 174. 
Oisins, Mary, 174. 
Oisins, Thomas, 174. 
Oliver, John, 4. 
Oliver, Mary, 126. 
Oliver, Peter, 126, 156. 
Oliver, Thomas, 126. 
O'Neal, Frederick, 150. 
Orange, William, Prince of, 2, 35. 
Orangeburgh, Siege of, 514. 
Ott (Oth\ Barbara, wife of Mcl- 

chior, 208. 
Ott, Barbara, wife of Ulrick, 191. 



INDEX 



561 



Ott, Caspar, 112, 115, 142, 157, 102, 

172, 187. 
Ott, Elizabeth, 191. 
Ott, Esther, 115, 127. 
Ott, Hans George, 157. 
Ott, Jacob, 118, 115, 119, 129, lo7, 

1(36, 178, 182, 19i 
Ott, Jacob (2), 157. 
Ott, John, 181, 186-7, 190-91, 198. 
Ott, Jolin Frederick, 112. 
Ott, Margaret, 157, 178, 182, 192. 
Ott, Margaret (2), 142. 
Ott, Maria, 172. 

Ott, Mary, 142, 157, 162, 172, 187. 
Ott, Mary Elizabeth, 187. 
Ott, Melchior, 30, 98, 107, 142, 2ol, 

205, 208. 
Ott, Ulrick, 186, 191, 211. 
Otto, Anna, 97, 123. 
Otto, Isaac, 97, 123. 
Ottow, Maria Catliarina, 123. 
Owen, Thomas, 228. 
Ox, John Frederick, 144. 
Parker, Lieut., 477, 479. 
Parkinson, John, 12, 274, 278. 
Parks, Jolin, 159. 
Parler, iSadrick, 230. 
Partridge, Ann, 149-50. 
Partridge, Martha Ann, 149-50. 
Partridge, Nathaniel, 149-50. 
Partridge, Nathaniel (2), 150. 
Patrick, Frances, 161. 
Patrick, Henry, 249, 260, 265. 
Patrick, John, 126. 
Patrick, Lewis, 161, 163, 171, 184. 
Patrick, Lewis, son of Lewis, 184. 
Patrick, Lewis, son of Luke, 154, 

202. 
Patrick, Luke, 114, 126, 133-4, 154, 

161, 163, 166, 168, 171, 202, 205. 
Patrick, Luke (2), 134. 
Patrick, Mary, 126, 134, 154, 168, 

171,202. 
Patrick, Paul, 161. 
Patton, N., 110. 



Pearson, John, 96-7, 100, 107, 150, 

250. 
Pearson, Martha, 150. 
Pearson, Mary, 97, 150. 
Pearson, Philip, 218, 248. 
Peck, Brigitta, 147. 
Peck, Jacob, 144, 147. 
Pendarvis, Abraham, 147. 
Pendarvis, Arketta, 105. 
Pendarvis, Benjamin, 131. 
Pendarvis, Brand, 98-9, 101, 105, 

109, 121, 127, 130-31, 133, 152, 154, 

165, 188. 

Pendarvis, Hannah, 146, 151-2, 

166, 168, 188. 
Pendarvis, James, 96, 107. 
Pendarvis, Joseph, 188. 
Pendarvis, Sarah, 151-2. 
Pendarvis, Sertina, 127, 131, 152, 

154. 
Pendarvis, Thomas, 146, 151-2, 

166, 168, 188. 
Pendarvis, Ursula, 103, 105. 
Pendarvis, William, 125, 127-8, 

165-6, 184. 
Pennington, Isaac, 249. 
Peoples, Henry, 271 , 274. 
Peterman, Catharina, 117. 
Petri, Anna, 106. 
Petri, Johann, 106. 
Petri, Mattiiias, 106. 
Petri, Zibilla Catharina, 138. 
Phillips, Hugh, 467 
Pickens, Gen. Andrew, 524. 
Pickings, Anna, 112, 158. 
Pickings, Martha, liO. 
Pickings. N., 110. 
Pickings, Samuel, 110, 119, 158, 
Pieren, Magdalene, 96, 107. 
Pinckney, Thomas, 465-6. 
Piatt, Barbara, 142, 157, 160, 174, 

190. 
Piatt, Elizabeth, 142. 
Piatt, James, 190. 
Piatt, Jane, 175, 185. 
Piatt, Jane (2), 185. 



562 



INDEX 



Piatt, John, 142, 157, 160, 174, 190. 

Piatt, Mary, 157. 

Piatt, Patty, 174. 

Piatt, Thomas, 4, 8, 175, 185, 250. 

Piatt, William, 175. 

Porch er, Isaac, 276. 

Porter, Jacob, 103. 

Potts, Ann, 123. 

Potts, Barbara, 123. 

Potts, Isabel, 122. 

Potts, John, 123. 

Pou, David, 249, 265, 

Poll, Gavin, 4, 8, 33, 100, 129, 131, 

134, 141, 140, 152, 156, 160, 186, 

227, 247—250. 
Pou, George (1), 103. 
Pou, John, 120. 
Pou, Margaret, 129, 134, 141, 149, 

152, 156, 160, 186. 
Pou, Mary, 129. 
Pou, Philip, 156. f 
Pou, Robert (1), 100. 
Pou, Robert (2), 141. 
Pou, William, 186. 
Poutchmouth, Frederica, 134. 
Poutchmouth, Magdalena, 134. 
Poutchmouth, Martin, 134, 140. 
Poutchmouth, Mary, 140. 
Powell, Anne, 176, 191. 
Powell, Deborah, 191. 
Powell, Elizabeth, 114. 
Powell, John, 191. 
Powell, Martha, daughter of 

Thomas and Sarah, 124. 
Powell, Martha, daughter of 

Thomas and Anne, 176. 
Powell, Sarah, 124, 176. 
Powell, Thomas, 176, 191. 
Powell, Thomas, 122, 124-5. 
Powell, William, 116. 
Powell, Winnifred, 124. 
Pritchard, James, 265. 274. 
Pruncen, Jacob, 94. 
Puckridge, Anne, 165. 
Puckridge, Cathariiia, 126, 131, 

165-6, 184. 



Puckridge, Elizabeth, 126. 
Puckridge, John, 184. 
Puckridge, Thomas, 107, 126, 131, 

165-6, 184. 
Puhl, Philip, 226. 
Purvis, Capt. John, 279. 
Raber (Reber), Anna Angelia, 

124, 126, 146, 151, 160, 194. 
Raber, Anna Magdalena, 194. 
Raber, Ulrick, 115-16, 124, 126, 140, 

146, 151, 160, 194. 
Raiford, Mary, 107. 
Raiford, William, 250. 
Railly, Ann, 133. 
Railly, Ann, wife of Thomas, 142. 
Railly, John, 133. 
Railly, Patrick, 133. 
Railly, Thomas, 142. 
Rat ford, Joseph, 95, 108. 
Ratford, Mary, 155. 
Rawdon, Lord, 511-523. 
Rawlins, Robert, 117. 
Reece, Evan, 205. 
Reece, Marget, 123. 
Reed, William, 271. 
Regulators, 218-19. 
Reich, Elizabeth, 102-3. 
Reich, Louis, 102-3. 
Reichart, Christian, 117. 
Reichman, Henry, 102. 
Reigchig, Elizabeth, 100. 
Rennarson, George, 12, 278, 
Rice, Elizabeth, 119. 
Rice, Henry B., 467. 
Richard, Elizabeth, 110. 
Richards, James Ley ton, 275. 
Richardson, Ezekiah Cantey, 179. 
Richardson, Mrs. N., 179. 
Richardson, MissN., 179. 
Richardson, Col. (General) Rich-. 

ard, 174, 179, 264, 266, 291-370, 

405-6, 424, 431, 469. 
Richardson, Richard, Jr., 179. 
Richmond, Dr. Jacob, 260, 265, 

274. 
Rickeubacker, Ann, widow of 



INDEX 



563 



Henry (1), 108. 

Ric'kenbacker, Anna, wife of Hen- 
ry (2), 102, 104, 125-6, 135, 140, 
105, 105, 172. 

Rickenbacker, Anne Catharina, 
164. 

Rickenbacker, Elizabeth, daugh- 
ter of Henry (2), 140. 

Rickenbacker, Henry (1), 28, 95. 

Rickenbacker, Henry (2), 11, 96, 
99, 108, 115, 117, 125-6, 135, 140, 
154-5, 164-5, 172, 177, 190, 200, 
210, 214, 227, 237, 269, 272. 

Rickenbacker, Henry (3), 99. 

Rickenbacker, Jacob (1), 104. 

Rickenbacker, Jacob (2), 66-7. 

Rickenbacker, Johannes, 125. 

Riemensperger, Hans Jacob, 74. 
87. 

Riley, Elizabeth, 131 . 

Riley, Miles, 112, 114, 131. 

Rintz, Hans George, 146. 

Roach, Nash, 32. 

Roberts, Charlotte, 192. 

Roberts, Elizabeth, 189. 

Roberts, John, 192. 

Roberts, John Jacob, 192. 

Roberts, Mary, 189. 

Roberts, Reuben, 189. 

Roberts, Reuben (2), 189. 

Roberts, Solomon, 189. 

Robinson, Anna, 125, 130, 133, 201. 

Robinson, Antony, 133. 

Robinson, (George, 12, 230, 265. 

Robinson, John, 11, 110. 

Robinson, Joseph, 96, 98-9, 121, 
12.5, 130, 133, 194, 201. 

Robinson, Joseph (2), 222. 

Robinson, Mary, 215. 

Robinson, William, 100, 222, 271, 
274, 278. 

Robison, Capt. George, 274-5. 

Rohrig, Anna, 101. 

Rose, Ann, 105. 

Ross, Isaac, 250. 

Roth, Agnes, 205, 



Roth, Ann, wife of Peter, 30, 127, 

196, 198. 
Roth, Ann, married William 

Mecket, 113. 
Roth, Catharine, 177, 179, 180, 188. 
Roth, Catharine Elizabetli, 181, 

213. 
Roth, Christian, 101, 134, 143, 160, 

177, 192. 
Roth, Christian (2), 160. 
Roth, Elizabeth, 100, 103, 106, 128, 

143, 160 177, 192, 214. 
Roth, Elizabeth (2), 177. 
Roth, Hans, 97, 143. 
Roth, Hans George, 160. 
Roth, Jacob, 105, 107, 115, 129, 160, 

177. 
Roth, John, Jr., 170-71. 
Roth, John Ulrick, 127, 198. 
Roth, Lewis, 141, 152, 160, 165, 173, 

176, 181, 213. 
Roth, Maria Christiana, 101. 
Roth, Mary Barbara, 141, 160, 165, 

173, 176, 181, 213. 
Roth, Peter, 30, 114-15, 127, 14-5, 

157, 165, 190, 196, 198, 203, 205. 
Rotli, Ulrick, 127, 129, 142-3, 147, 

149, 177, 179, 180, 188. 
Rowe, Anna, wife of Henry, 99, 

101, 182. 
Rowe, Christopher, or Michael 

Christopher, 4, 8, 33, 67, 99, 100- 

106, 111-17, 119, 129-30, 133-5, 

137, 139-41, 143-4, 147, 151-2, 154, 

165-6, 187, 190, 193, 196, 213, 227-8, 

237, 248-9, 250-51, 258, 265, 307, 

430, 468. 
Rowe, Christopher, s«>n of Henry, 

182. 
Rowe, Donald (2), 66-7. 
Rowe, Henry, 33, 158, 182. 
Rowe, Capt. John C., 66-7. 
Rowe, Margaret, 103, 106, 129-30, 

133-35, 139-40, 143, 151-2, 165, 193, 

196. 
Rowe, Maria, 129, 196. 



564 



INDEX 



Rowe, Peter, 06-7. 

Rowe, Racliel, or Regina Barbara, 

99, 101, 164, 166, 171, 215. 
Rowe, Samuel, 8, 33, 218, 249-50, 

265, 274, 276, 488. 
Rowe, Dr. William, 66. 
Riimph, Abraham (1), loO. 
Rumph, Abraham (2), 150, 201. 
Rumph, Ann, wife of Jacob (1), 

125-6, 130, 133, 150-51, 157, 162, 

170, 188, 201, 214. 
Rumph, Anna, daughter of Jaeob 

(1), 125. 
Rumph, Anne, daughter of David 

(1), 168. 
Rumph, Catherine, 96, 107. 
Rumph, David (1), 100, 124-5, 127, 

130-31, 146, 168. 
Rumph, David, son of David (1), 

124. 
Rumph, David, son of Jacob (1), 

188. 
Rumph, Elizabeth, daughter of 

David (1), 59, 120. 
Rumph, Jacob (1), 105, 110, 124-6, 

130, 133, 137, 148, 150-51, 157, 162, 

170, 184, 188, 190, 201, 218, 226, 

237. 
Rumph, Jacob, son of Jacob (1), 

133, 471-86. 
Rumph, Mary, wife of David (1), 

124 (Ann), *125, 130, 146, 168. 
Rumph, Mary, daughter of David 

(1), 130. 
Rumph, Sarah, 146. 
Rumph, Susannah, 170. 
Rumph's company roll, 473-4. 
Runtgenauer, David, 30, 138, 199. 
Rupp, Adam, 184. 
Rupp, Anna Barbara, 184. 
Rupp, Eva Catharina, 184. 
Rush, Mary, 120. 
Russell, Ann, 63, 158, 162, 169. 
Russell, ("apt. Charles, 20, 22-3, 

232, 246. 



Russell, Charles (2), 63, 113, 117-18, 
121, 130, 133, 158, 162, 169. 

Russell, Charles (3), 158. 

Russell, Eugenia, 23, 119, 128, 130, 
147, 153, 368. 

Russell, Hans George, 142, 160. 

Russell, John, 113, 128, 131, 169, 
185. 

Russell, Joseph, 94, 162, 172. 

Russell, Margaret, 94. 

Russell, Mary, 23, 63, 68, 113, 121, 
123-4, 126, 132, 198, 246. 

Russell, Mary Margaret, 142. 

Russell, Rosina, 142, 160. 

Russell, Salome, 160. 

Russell, Sophinisba, 23, 113, 121. 

Rutledge, John, 490-500. 

Ryan, Capt. James, 529. 

Sabb, Ann, 184. 

Sabb, Deborah, 154, 184. 

Sabb, Thomas, 8, 226. ' 

Sabb, William, 154, 184, 193, 226, 
249. 

Salley, Mrs. A. S., Sr., 68. 

Salley, Anne, 138. 

Salley, Ann Elizabeth. 168. 

Salley (Zaley, Sally), Henry, Sr., 
28, 184, 246. 

Salley, Henry, Jr., 110, 135, 138, 
154, 172, 184, 211. 

Salley, John, Sr., 29, 168, 218, 221, 
489-90, 583. 

Salley, John, Jr., 29. 

Salley, Magdalene, 138, 158, 211. 

Salley, Margaret, 158. 

Salley, Martin, 137-8, 154, 168, 182. 

Salley (Sahly), Mary (Ann Ma- 
ria), 96, 109. 

Salley, N., 184. 

Salley, Robert, 508. 

Salley, Sarah, 182. 

Salley, Susannah, 168, 182. 

Sandel (Sondel), Catharina Mar- 
garet, 188. 

Sandel, Elizabeth, 179. 

Sandel, George Henry, 156. 



INDEX 



565 



Sandel, John Peter, 156, 161. 
Sandel, Magdalene, 151, 156, 161, 

179, 188. 
Sandel, Peter, 151, 179, 187-8. 
Sanger (Zangin, Zangerin), Bar- 
bara (Ann Barbara), 98, 102, 107. 
Sanger, Simon, 94, 97, 98. 
Santee Jack, 40. 
Savage, John, 248, 258, 265. 
Sajior, Jacob, 275-6. 
Schmidt, Peter, 81, 87, 239, 242, 

244-5. 
Schwartz, Christian, 96-7, 114, 
Scluvartz, Elizabeth, 114. 
Schwartz, Joseph, 97. 
Schwartz, Mary, 96, 108. 
Schwartz, Susannah, 97, 109. 
Schwerdt, Joseph Abraham, 98, 

109. 
Scytes, Archibald, 190. 
Scytes, Charles, 190. 
Scytes, Henry, 189. 
Scytes, James, 189. 
Scytes, Lucy, 190. 
Scytes, Mary, 189. 
Scytes, William, 189. 
Seawright, Esther, 140. 
Seawright, Robert, 112. 
Seawright, William, 140, 213, 226, 

249. 
Sellider, Capt. Daniel, 234. 
Shalling, Elizabeth, 71. 
Shalling, John, 71. 
Shannon, Abigail, 96, 109. 
Shannon, Corporal Daniel, 187, 

463. 
Shaumloffel, Anna Margaret, 97, 

107. 
Shaumloffel, Anna Maria, 157. 
Shaumloflfel, John, 94, 115, 127, 

183, 207. 
ShaumloflTel, Lovisia, 107. 
Shaumloftel, Mary Elizabeth, 102, 

107. 
Shaw, Ann, 110. 
Shilling, Anna, 172. 



Shilling, Ann Margaret, 166, 172, 

189. 
Shilling, John, 150. 
Shilling, John Henry (Henry), 

117, 188, 140, 154, 166, 172, 189. 
Shilling, John Jacob, 189. 
Shindler, Rev. R. D., 68. 
Shlappy, Hans George, 109. 
Shoemaker, Dorothy, 134, 170. 
Shoemaker, Frederick Purly, 211. 
Shoemaker, Margaret, 142. 
Shoemaker, Margaret Catharina, 

142. 
Shoemaker, Valentine, 134, 142, 

170. 
Shoeman, Anna Barbara, 180. 
Shoeman, Barbara, 180. 
Shoeman, Peter, 178-80. 
Shoolegre, Anne, 170. 
Shoolegre, James, 170. 
Shoolegre, John James, 170. 
Shroder, Christina Dorothea, 146. 
Shroder, Dorothea, 146. 
Shroder, John Frederick, 146. 
Shuler, Ann Elizabetli, 107. 
Shuler, Ann Margaret, 127, 149. 
Shuler, Appollonia, 106. 
Shuler, Catharina, married Jacob 

Wannamaker, 96 (Susan), 107. 
Shuler, Catharina, daughter of 

John Nicholas, 154. 
Shuler, Catharine, wife of Hans 

George, Sr., 135. 
Shuler, Catharina Margaret, 97, 

108. 
Shuler, Daniel, 186, 190. 
Shuler, Daniel, son of John Nich- 
olas, 186. 
Shuler, Eve Catherine, 107. 
Shuler, George, 127, 149, 161, 214. 
Shuler, Hans George, Sr., 127, 135. 
Shuler, John Frederick, 141. 
Shuler, John Henry, 171. 
Shuler, John Nicholas, 115, 151, 

154, 171, 186. 



566 



INDEX 



Shuler, Margaret, 107. 
Shuler, Margaret Barbara, lOS. 
Shuler, Nicholas, 102, 113, 122, 

130, 183, 141, 146, 187, 237. 
Shuler, N., 109. 
Shuler, Susannah, 96, 108. 
Shuler, Verena, 133, 141, 151, 154, 

171, 186-7, 
Siddal (Siceceals), William, 99, 

101. 
Simnis, Wni. Gilmore, 33, 233, 

382. 
Simms, Mrs. Win. Gilmore, 32. 
Simmons, Ann Catharina, 139, 

189, 193. 
Simmons, John, 107, 139, 161. 
Simons, Col. Maurice, 493. 
Sims, William, 191. 
Sistrunk (Serstrunk), Henry, 33. 
Smid, Fullix, 79. 
Smith, Anna, 186. 
Smith, Ann Margaret, 142. 
Smith, Ann Mary, 142. 
Smith, Brigitta, 117, 140, 144. 
Smith, Jno. Carraway, 386, 459-60, 

465. 
Smith, Melchior, 151, 167, 175, 230. 
Smith, Michael, 142, 151. 
Smith, Stephen, 276. 
Smith, William, 96, 109. 
Smitzer, Mary Elizabeth, 117. 
Snell (Schneil), Adam, 104, 109, 

119, 124, 129, 131, 136, 149, 153, 

155, 163, 169, 176, 178, 188, 204, 

210, 258, 269, 272. 
Snell, Anna Catharina, 176. 
Snell, Ann Barbara, 214. 
Snell, Ann Margaret, 148-9, 200. 
Snell, Barbara, 104, 136, 149, 201. 
Snell, Barnard, 109, 115, 129, 136, 

153, 1 73, 226. 
Snell, Catharina Magdalene, 104. 
Snell, Catharine, 168, 176, 207. 
Snell, Catherine (2), 168. 
Snell, Christian, 136. 
Snell, Elias, 30, 94, 97, 109, 125, 



131, 134, 139, 148-9, 153, 163, 165, 

173, 200, 208. 
Snell, Elizabeth, 124, 153, 210. 
Snell, Elizabeth Barbara, 139. 
Snell, Henry, 94-5, 99, 101, 104, 

117, 119, 126, 149, 168, 176, 201, 

207. 
Snell, Henry, Jr., 117, 146, 149, 

155, 168, 176, 187. 
Snell, Jacob, son of Adam, 188. 
Snell, Johannes, 104. 
Snell, Johannes, son of Adam, 

131. 
Snell, .lohn, 163. 
Snell, John Adam, 149. 
Snell, John Frederick, 187. 
Snell, John Peter, 155. 
Snell, Juliana, 146, 149, 155, 168, 

176, 187. 
Snell, Magdalene, 169, 173. 
Snell, Margaret, 104, 124, 129, 131, 

149, 155, 169, 176, 178, 188, 204. 
Snell, Margaret (2), 129. 
Snell, Maria Magdaleiia, 215. 
Snell, Mary Catharina, 131, 134, 

139, 148-9, 163, 165, 173, 200. 
Snell, Sarah, 178. 
Snell, Susannah Elizabeth, 129, 

136, 153, 173. 
Snellgrove, Edward Freeman, 99, 

101. 
N Snellgrove, Freeman, 99, 100-1, 

114, 122. 
Snellgrove, N., 109. 
Snelling, Henry, 123, 150. 
Snelling, Sirrah, 122-3, 150. 
Snyder (Shnyder, Sknyder, Shy- 
der), Ann Margaret, 153, 163, 
189. 
Snyder, Daniel, 110, 145. 
Snyder, Elizabeth, 145. 
Snyder, John, 145. 
Snyder, Mary Barbara, 11"\ 
Snyder, Mary Margaret, 135, 149, 

213. 
Snyder, Michael, 237. 



INDEX 



567 



Souderecker, Elizabeth, 98, 109. 
Souderecker, John, 97. 
Spencer, Edward, 66. 
Spring, Bartholonie, 102. 
Spring, Hans, 225. 
Spring, Johannes, 95, 201. 
Spring, Magdalena, 95, 99, 108. 
Spring, Margaret, wife of Bartho- 

lome, 102. 
Spring, Margaret, wife of John 

201. 
Spurloek, Benjamin, 117. 
Stack, Anthony, 79. 
Starley, John, 218. 
Stauber, Jacob, 30, 112, 194, 214. 
Staley (Stehely), Cliristopher, 114. 
Staley, Elizabeth, 115. 
Staley, John, 170, 178, 186, 190. 
Staley, Maria, 125. 
Staley, Mary, widow, 142, 154, 

214. 
Staley, Mary, married Caspar 

0th, 115, 214. 
Staley, Peter, 172-3. 
Starke, Robert, 468. ' 
Stean, Chris, 97. 
Stent, William, 253. 
Stephen, Margaret, 116. 
Sterling, Henry, 18, 34, 39. 
Stetzel, George, 98. 
Stetzel, Johannes, 98. 
Stetzel, Maria Linden, 98. 
Steventir, Ebenbard, 218. 
Stewart, Ann, 155. 
Stewart, John, 225. 
Stewart, Robert, 155. 
St. Jolm's fort, 232. 
Stoudenmeyer, Anna, 131. 
Stoudenmeyer, Maria Catharina, 

131. 
Stoudenmeyer, Martin, 131. 
Stroman (Strowmann, Strow- 
man, Straumann), Anna Mar- 
garet, 102, 130, 204. 
Stroman, Anna Margaret (2), 183. 
Stroman, Barbara, 94, 102. 



Stroman, Catharina, 99, 106, 126, 

144, 148, 165, 195. 
Stroman, Catharina (2), 126. 
Stroman, Eva Catharina, 183. 
Stroman, Hans Henry, 99. 
Stroman, Hans Jacob, 195. 
Stroman, Henry, 97-9, 106-7, 112, 

126, 144, 148, 165, 195, 199, 214-15. 
Stroman, Jacob, son of Henry, 

165. 
Stroman, John Jacob (1), 97-8, 101, 

107, 121, 130, 183, 204. 
Stronjan, John, 148, 473. 
Stroman, Maria Elizabeth, 101, 

176, 187, 215. 
Stroman, Paul, 473, 482, 485. 
Strother, Catharina, 155, 179. 
Strother, Catharine (1), 191. 
Strother, Catharine (2), 191. 
Strother, Charles, 174. 
Strother, George, 248, 265. 
Strother, Jeremiah, 155, 179. 
Strother, Joseph, 155. 
Strother, Moses, 179. 
Strother, William, 191. 
Stroul, George, 271. 
Strubel, Elizabeth, 164. 
Strubel, Frederick, 164, 171. 
Strubel, Mary Catharina, 164. 
Strutzenecker, John, 28. 
Sturkie (Stareky, Stereky), Anna, 

187. 
Sturkie, Ann, 142. 
Sturkie, Anne, wife of John Cas- 
par, 164. 
Sturkie, Elizabeth, 142, 151, 198, 

204. 
Sturkie, Henry, 142, 151, 156, 198, 

203-4. 
Sturkie, Henry (2), 198. 
Sturkie, John, 187. 
Sturkie, John Caspar, 160, 164. 
Sturkie, Margaret, 136, 187. 
Sturkie, Ulrick, 136, 160, 187. 
Sturkie, Ulrick, Jr., 151. 
Sturkie, Ulrick, son of Henry, 151. 



568 



INDEX 



Sullivan, John, 109, 124, 188. 

Sullivan, Mary (2), 138. 

Sullivant, Margaret, 124. 

Sullivant, Mary, 124, 138. 

Sumter, Gen. Thomas, 510, 514-16, 
518, 525. 

Suther, Elizabeth, 135-8, 141, 149, 
156, 162, 191. 

Suther, Elizabeth (2), 191. 

Suther, Jacob, 162. 

Suther, Johann Henry, 135. 

Suther, Samuel, 113, 117-18, 120, 
129, 131, 133, 135-8, 141, 149, 155-6, 
160-62, 190-91. 

Switman, John, 218. 

Switman, Richard, 218. 

Syfrett (Srefret, Sigfritt), Marga- 
ret, 136, 140. 

Syfrett, Mary Ann, 140. 

Syfrett, Mary Margaret, 140. 

Syfrett, Matthew, 136, 140. 

Symkins, Arthur, 249, 265. 

Taggart, Lieut. William, 387, 457, 
460. 

Tapp, Ann Barbara, 108. 

Tapp, Anna Magdalena, 170. 

Tapp, Christian, 95. 

Tapp, John Julius, 95, 101, 108. 

Tash, Barbara (1), 137. 

Tash, Barbara (2), 137. 

Tash, William, 137. 

Tate, Alexander, 148, 172. 

Tate, Elizabeth, 123. 

Tate, Isabel, 148, 172. 

Tate, Margaret, 148. 

Taylor, Anne, 174. 

Taylor, Elizabeth, 170. 

Taylor, James, 117, 170. 

Taylor, Rev. J. W., 66, 68. 

Taylor, Mrs. J. W., 67. 

Taylor, John, 174. 

Teat, Ellas, 100. 

Tennison, Alexander, 163. 

Tennison, John, 163. 

Tennison, Judith, 163. 

Theiler, Elizabeth, 175. 



Theiler, Rudolph, 175. 

Themboro, Elizabeth, 179. 

Themboro, Swen, 179. 

Theus, (."apt., 420. 

Theus, Rev. Christian, 74, 80-83, 

S5-7, 109, 244. 
Theus, Simon, 116-17. 
Thieren, Jacob, 99. 
Thomas, John, 174, 251. 
Thomson, Charlotte, 380. 
Thomson, Eugenia, 162, 169, 172, 

380. 
Thomson, Eugenia (2), 162. 
Thomson, James, 248-9. 
Thomson, Jane, 176, 185. 
Thomson, John, 176, 180, 182, 251. 
Thomson, Mary, daughter of Col. 

William, 172. 
Thomson, Mary, wife of William, 

176. 
Thomson, Moses (Colonel), 4, 23, 

63, 115, 117, 125, 137, 147, 155, 168, 

176, 183, 185, 192, 215, 227, 232, 

236-7, 246-8. 
Thomson, Moses, Jr., 162, 185, 
Thomson, Rebecca, 128, 137. 
Thomson, Sarah, 176, 180, 192. 
Thomson, Sarah (2), 176. 
Thomson, William, 176. 
Thomson, William (Colonel), 4, 

8, 12, 23, 114-15, 119, 128, 132, 137, 

153, 162, 169, 172, 185, 218, 227, 

229, 232, 237, 247-8, 250-52, 254-5, 

257-8, 265, 276, 278-465, 468. 
Thomson, William Russell, 376, 

387, 459, 472. 
Thore, Frederick, 168. 
Thornton, Elizabeth, 166, 171, 172. 
Thornton, Joseph, 168, 171-2. 
Thwartz, Christian, 107. 
Thys, Cornelius, 181. 
Tilly, Elizabeth, 178, 182, 186. 
Tilly, George, 161. 
Tilly, James, Sr., 117, 119, 121, 135, 

152, 161, 166, 196, 199, 233. 
Tilly, James, Jr., 119. 



INDEX 



569 



Tilly, Joseph, 121. 

Tilly, Market, 121, 135, 161, ]!)6. 

Tilly, Susannah, 182. 

Tilly, William, 185. 

Tittily, Mary Elizabeth, 144. 

Tittily, Rosina, 130. 

Tittleby, John (1), 12«, 130, 144, 

147. " 
Tittleby, John (2), 126. 
Tittleby, Regania, 126, 130, 134, 

144. * 
Tomnien, Veronica, 106. 
Ton del, John, 143. 
Tondel, John Peter, 143. 
Tondel, Magdalene, 143. 
Toonier, Jacob, 149. 
Treadwell, Mrs. M. B., 91. 
Tshudy (now Judy), Anna, lOS, 

115.' 
Tshudy, Anna, daughter of Jacob, 

190. 
Tshudy, Dorothy, 175, 190. 
Tshudy, Elizabeth, 123. 
Tshudy, Jacob, 139, 157, 175, 190. 
Tshudy, Margaret, 175. 
Tshudy, Martin, 115. 
Tshudy, Mary Catharina, 175, 

177. . 
Tshudy, Mary, 215. 
Tucker, William, 230, 249, 157-8, 

26.5. 
Turkey Hill, 38. 
Turquand, Rev. Paul, 62-4, 68, 

257-8, 260. 
Twiddie, Elizabeth, 163, 169, 192. 
Twiddle, Robert, 163, 169, 192. 
Twyther, Jacob, 28. 
Tyner, Ann Margaret, 167. 
Tyrrel, Major, 468. 
Ulmer, Anne Mary, 119, 127, 133, 

141, 144, 148. 
Ulmer, Barbara, 215. 
Ulmer, Eva Maria, 127. 
Ulmer, Frederick, 141, 183. 
Ulmer, George Adam, 146. 
Ulmer, Hans, 168. 



Ulmer, John Frederick, 115, 146, 

148, 155, 162, 178, 213. 
Ulmer, John Ja(H)b, 178. 
Ulmer, John Lewis, 213. 
Ulmer, Lewis, 178. 
Ulmer, Mary Barbara, 146, 162, 

178. 
Ulmer, Mary Catharina, 144. 
Ulmer, Mary Magdalene, 162. 
Ulmer, Verena Maria, 133. 
Ulmer, Warner, 119, 127, 133, 144, 

213. 
Ulrick, Anna ('atharina, 146. 
Ulrick, Catharina, 146, 161. 
Ulrick, George, 146, 161, 188,211, 
Ulrick, Nicholas, 161. 
Ulrick, Susannah Barbara, 188. 
Usman, Hans George, 161. 
Usman, Magdalene, 161. 
Usman, Mary Catharina, 161. 
Utsey (Yutsey, Jutsig), Conrad, 

113, 117, 153, 163, 190. 
Utsey, Daniel, 180. 
Utsey, Elizabeth, 153. 
Utsey, Magdalene, 153, 163, 190. 
Utsey, Margaret, 109. 
Utsey, Mary Regina Philippina, 

122, 206. 
Utsey, Regina, 99, 101, 105. 
Utsey, Valentine, 112-13, 176, 206. 
Vance, Elizabeth, 148, 180. 
Vance, George, 137. 
Vance, Moses, 387, 414, 419, 420. 
Vance, Sarah, 137. 
Vance, William, 137. 
Vardel, Sergeant, 527-8. 
Volckart, Agnes, 185. 
Volckart, Esther, 185. 
Volckart, Henry, 185. 
Waber, Anna Maria, 146, 164. 
Waber, Catharina, 183, 192. 
Waber, Elizabeth, 146, 157, 161, 

163-4, 171, 183. 
Waber, Elizabeth Barbara, 

daughter of John, 171. 



570 



INDEX 



Wiiber, Elizabeth Barbara, 

da ug:hter of George, 183. 
Waber, George, or Hans George, 

183, 192. 
Waber, Hannah, 164. 
Waber, John, 146, 155, 157, 160-1, 

163-4, 171. 
Waber, Maria Barbara, wife of 

Nicholas, Jr., 164, 171, 183, 192. 
Waber, Maria Barbara, daughter 

of George, 192. 
Waber, Mary Catharina, 157. 
Waber, Mary Elizabeth, 146. 
Waber, Nicholas, Sr., 146, 164. 
Waber, Nicholas, Jr., 146, 164, 

171, 183, 192. 
Wagner, Philip, 188. 
Walling, Mary, 155. 
Walling, Robert, 155. 
Walling, William, 155. 
Wannanuiker, Anna, 170, 192. 
Wannaniaker, Anna (2), 192. 
Wannaniaker, Anne, 185, 212. 
Wannaniaker, (ktherine (Ann 

Catharine), 104, 135, 176, 212. 
Wannaniaker, Henry (1), son of 

Jacob and Catharine, 104. 
Wannaniaker, Henry (2), son of 

Jacob and Anna, 170. 
Wannaniaker, Jncob (1 ), 96-7, 101, 

104, 107, 135, 170, 176, 192, 212. 
Wannaniaker, Jacob (2), 471, 479. 
Wannamaker, Mary Magdalene, 

176, 212. 
Wannamaker, William, 101, 192. 
Warley, Capt. Felix, 353, 386, 456. 
Warley, Capt. James, or Joseph, 

386, 459. 
Warnedow, Anna, 178, 
Warnedow, John, 103. 
Warnedow, Leonard (1), 103, 108, 

125, 131, 148, 164, 178. 
Warnedow, Leonard (2), 125. 
Warnedow, Sarah, 108, 125, 181, 

148, 164, 178. 



Warnedow, Sarah, daughter of 
Leonard, 131. 

Warnedow, Thomas, 164. 

Warner, Magdalene, 117, 124, 129, 
183. 

Warren, Elizabeth, 110. 

Waters, Philemon, 275, 277. 

Watson, Jane, 183. 

Watson, Mary, 183. 

Watson, Capt. Micliael, 484, 527-8. 

Watson, Nathaniel, 188. 

Weanright, William, 110. 

Weber heresy, 86, 238. 

Weber, Jacob, 81 , 87, 238-40, 243-5. 

Wechter, George, 112. 

Wechter, Magdalene, 112. 

Wedlin, Anne Mary, 116, 

Weekly, Elizabeth,' 112, 125. 

Weekly, Thomas, 100, 125, 

Weekly, William, 100, 

Weigne, Anna, 215. 

Whetstone, Adam, 217, 

Whetstone, Anna, 99, 100-1, 145. 

Whetstone, Anne Margaret, 161. 

WHietstone, Barbara. 142, 145. 

W^hetstone, Dorothea, 103. 

Whetstone, Eleanor, 128. 

Whetstone, Henry, 118, 121, 127-8, 
142, 145, 218, 287, 269, 272. 

Whetstone, Johannes, 98-9, 100-1, 
228, 145, 210. 

Whetstone, John, Jr., 88, 99-100, 
210. 

Whetstone, Margaret, 98. 

Whideman (Wideman), Anna, 
151, 161, 168, 175, 177, 191, 

Whideman, Jacob (1), 142, 14,5, 
149, 151, 161, 168, 175, 177, 191. 

Whideman, Jacob (2), 161. 

Whideman, Johannes, 191. 

Wiiisenhunt (Yssenhut), Abra- 
ham, 105, 124-5, 127, 138, 136, 143, 
151, 169-70, 173, 177, 184. 

Whisenhunt, Abraham (2), 105. 

Whisenhunt, Ann, 107. 

Whisenhunt, Isaac, 136. 



INDEX 



571 



Whisenhunt, Jacob, 136. 
Whisenhunt, Johannes, 124. 
Whisenhunt, John, 169. 
Whisenliunt, Maria, 151. 
Whisenhunt, Mary, 105, 124, 136, 

143, 151, 169, 173, 177, 184. 
White, Bryan, 168. 
White, Katherine, 168. 
White, Katherine (2), 168. 
Whiteford ( Whitford), Mary, 123- 

4, 126, 133, 138, 145, 148, 1-5, 163, 

173. 
Whiteford, Rachel, 116. 
Wliiteford (Whitford), Robert^ 

96, 125-6, 133, 138, 145, 148. 
Wliitnian, (Jatharina Barbara, 

144, 199. 

Whitman, Mary Ann, 144, 161. 

Whitman, Mary Catharina, 161. 

Whitman, Stephen, 144, 161, 199. 

Whitten, Robert, 4, 8. 

Wild, Thomas, 11. 

Williams, Britton, 276, 508. 

Williams, Hannah, 110. 

Willis, Adam, 172. 

Willis, John, 139. 

Willis, Regina, wife of Adam, 172. 

Willis, Regina, wife of John, 139. 

Windlee, Ann Margaret, 146-7. 

Windlee, David Frederick, 146. 

Windlee, John, 146. 

Winigum, Amy, 169. 

Wise, Christopher, 229. 

Witham, Solomon, 110. 

Witt, John Adam, 152. 

WMtt, Regina, 152. 

Wolfe (Woolf, Wolfi; Wolf), Ann, 

103, 132, 134, 196. 
Wolfe, Ann Apollonia, 122, 132, 

141, 152, 169, 187, 212, 214. 
Wolfe, Ann Apollonia (2), 122. 
Wolfe, Elizabeth, 128, 149, 202, 

212. 
Wolfe, Hannah, 149, 156, 15S. 
Wolfe, Jacob, Sr., 96, 106, 122, 132, 

134, 141, 152, 169, 187, 189, 227. 



Wolfe, Jacob, Jr., 11. 

Wolfe, Jacob, son of John, 149, 

202. 
Wolfe, Johannes, 114, 128, 149, 

162, 176, 202, 212. 
Wolfe, John (of Saxe-Gotha 

Township), 79. 
Wolfe, John (of Orangeburgh), 

103, 126, 151, 166, 169, 174, 196. 
Wolfe, John Lewis, 100 (Lucy), 

186. 
Wolfe, Lucas, 98, 105, 129. 
Wolfe, Mary Elizabeth, 132. 
Wolfe, Nessa, 95. 
Wolfe, Peter, 128, 202. 
Wolfe, Regina, 187. 212. 
Wolfe, Samuel, 169. 
Wolfe, Sertina, 100. 
Wolfe, Thomas, 103. 
Wolfe, Zibilla, 30, 208, 214. 
Wood, Benjamin, 151. 
Wood, George Riggs, 172. 
Wood, Jonathan Riggs, 160. 
Wood, Jonathan, 163. 
Wood, John, 105. 
Wood, Joseph, 120, 138, 151, 163, 

182, 217. 
Wood, Joseph (2), 138. 
Wood, Martha, 138, 151, 163, 182. 
Wood, Mary, 171-2. 
Wood, Olivia. 110. 
Wood, Peter, 160, 171-2. 
Wood, Solomon, 218. 
Wright, Samuel, 98. 
Wurtz (Wuester, Wurtzer, Wart- 

zer), Henry, 28, 30, 96-7, 100-3, 

106, 114-15, 119, 120, 136, 144, 158, 

162, 185, 206, 210. 
Wurtz, Verena, 103-4, 136, 144, 162, 

185, 214. 
Wylde, J., 275. 
Wymer, Anne, 165, 203, 208. 
Wymer, Anne Margaret, 165, 203. 
Wymer, Jacob, 165, 187, 203. 
Wymer, John Jacob, 120, 208. 
Ygly, Barbara. 157. 



572 



INDEX 



Ygly, Catluirinn, 107. 

Yonii, Anna, lcS2. 

Yonn, Anna Barbara, 209. 

Yonn, ('hristina, 138, 166, 168, 184, 

189, 209. 
Yonn, Nicholas, 138, 168, 168, 178, 

184, 186, 189, 209. 
Yonn, Nicliolas (2), 209. 
Yonn, Simon, 175, 190. 
Yonn, Snsannah, 135, 157. 
Yorli, Agnesia W., 103. 
York, Christian, 97, 108. 
York, Lewis, 97, 103. 
Young, Anna Barbara, 215. 
Young, Ann, 153, 166, 186, 
Young, Henry, 117, 153, 166, 186, 

230, 271. 
Young, Henry (2), 166. 
Young, Mary, 140, 166. 
Young, Mary (2), 166. 
Young, Rebecca, 94, 153. 
Young, Sirrah, 113. 
Young, Thomas, 186, 249, 265. 
Young, William, 8, 30, 94, 113, 



114, 140, 166. 
Young, William (2), 140. 
Zahn, Christopher, 258, 275-6. 
Zauberbuhler, Bartholomew, 36, 

37, 50-1, 54-6, 58-9. 
Zeigler, Angelia, 116. 
Zeigler, Anne Mary, 142, 146, 155, 

157, 173, 188, 199. 
Zeigler, Bernard, 116, 138, 142, 146, 

155, 157, 173, 178, 188, 19.3, 199. 
Zeigler, Eva Catharina, 188. 
Zeigler, Hans Caspar, 173. 
Zeigler, John Jacob, 157. 
Zeigler, Zibilla, 142, 199. 
ZellM'egerin, Rosina, 110. 
Zinnnerman, Martin, 184. 
Zorn, Anne Katharine, 180. 
Zorn, ('atharina, 107. 
Zorn, Henry, 177, 180, 184, 193. 
Zorn, Magdalene, 114. 
Zorn, Nicholas, 161, 177, 180. 
Zorn, Susannah Elizabeth, 177, 

180. 
Zubly, Rev. Dr., 46. 



(now in press.) 



Songs as They Came. 



BY 



JAMES EDWIN KERR 



CLOTH, PRICE $1.00. 



R. Lewis Berry, Orangeburg, S. C. 















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